CN101971749A - Mechanical thresher for corncobs with husks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanical thresher for corncobs with husks. In China, the agricultural modernization degree is lower, and a large amount of manual work are needed in corn production at present. A small and portable mechanical device disclosed in the invention can shorten a plurality of links in the corn production, which not only lightens the labor work of farmers, but also improves production efficiency. The traditional corn thresher is only limited to the threshing of parched corncobs without husks, and the mechanical thresher for corncobs with husks disclosed in the invention not only can be used for threshing the corncobs without the husks, but also can threshing high-humidity corncobs with the husks in one step. The mechanical thresher has the main structure that three identical auger delivery rods are mechanically arranged in a delta shape, and has the working principle that the three auger delivery rods are driven to rotate by the motor, when being fed into a middle channel of the three auger delivery rods, raw corncobs autorotate at high speed accordingly and advance rapidly, when the raw corncobs advance to a certain position, three spring tool bits arranged in a trisection way are attached to cob cores to separate kernels and cob husks at the same time, and the separated kernels and cob cores are respectively discharged out of the thresher from different outlets.

Description

Belt leather corn ear mechanical threshing machine

Since the reform and opening-up, national all trades and professions are all being advanced by leaps and bounds, develop rapidly.Even the realization great-leap-forward development that has.The special performance agriculturally, the achievement of reform and opening-up is particularly outstanding.Unprecedented variation has all taken place in the mental attitude from the rural infrastructure development to people.

Along with the great attention of country to the agriculture-countryside-farmer, strong farming, Huinong's policy of enriching the people is constantly put into effect, mechanization, electrification, modernization make the peasant in all many-sides such as productive lifes, have all obtained out and out benefit, and are enjoying convenience that the new science and technology product brings to people and happy.

But in our area, show in the agricultural production, also exist the blind area that mechanization never relates to so far.That is exactly the belt leather corn ear of getting back in the field, still is in the primitive stage of manual peeling so far.The peasant is getting the corn that pile up like a mountain back in the field, the manual peeling one by one of personnel selection, and not only speed is slow, and efficient is low, and workload is very big, the labour intensity height.Tear the excellent skin of stripping with hand for a long time, cause the finger wearing and tearing, pain is hard to bear, has all brought great pressure and injury for people's health and psychology.

According to experience over the years, annual in autumn harvest season, usually can a run of wet weather, weather often increases trouble to the busy farming season.The peasant will should get the harvest in quickly corn in the short limited time, rob grow wheat again; Should run the grain of having got back well, reason sky rain and going mouldy not, again little wheat seeds in the high term that limits, guarantee the good harvest in the coming year.Therefore the peasant struggled with nature in this very busy season, raced against time, and working is regardless of black and white round the clock, and having a meal does not have the set time, usually is that food is delivered to the field, for striving for working time, had a dinner on the spot, and visible peasant is arduous extraordinary this period.

In this case, the peasant presses for a kind of belt leather corn ear that the field is got back, by the operation of machinery, once becomes clean corn particle.Reduce labour intensity to greatest extent, shorten working time, crave for labour's morning and liberate, that is to say with several hours time and finish, the people needed several days and by hand to tens days workload, and he does faster and better, this is that the peasant expects thing for a long time for many years.

I am in the rural area, and peasant's hard and demand is seen and heard, and know one's own mind, and I have now developed a kind of belt leather corn rod threshing machine through long-term practice, investigation, and this machine is simple in structure, and the bodily form is light and handy, less, safe, the firm easy operation of demanded driving force.It not only can carry out threshing to the optical wand of having shelled skin, and key is that it aims at the threshing of belt leather corn ear and designs.To just getting the bright rod of maturation back, just energy threshing at once, once cleaning, efficient, quick, clarity.Through the model machine operation, effect is very satisfied.Earnestly ask the examination of national intellectual property Patent Office, the audit protection that gives a patent.

One, technical field

The belt leather corn ear, the separation processing of particle, excellent core, excellent skin

Two, background technology

The peasant is the belt leather corn ear of getting back over the years, and earlier manual peeling is transported to the cool place of shining to the optical wand of having shelled skin again, could threshing after drying. Traditional old-fashioned thresing machine, more fastidious, disadvantage is more, and it can only take off the optical wand of having shelled skin, and requires optical wand is thoroughly dried, and threshing performance only reaches about 90%, also needs with manually the particle that does not purify on the excellent core being examined stripping one time again. Waste time and energy, cumbersome, and percentage of damage is very high, many drawbacks such as must screen. Newly designed belt leather corn cob threshing machine possesses following a plurality of advantage:

1. he will finish for a long time history of peeling by hand of peasant, greatly shorten corn from being recovered to the very long time of selling.

2. save the multiple working procedure in the previously manual peeling process. (such as the transhipment of corncob peel, the transhipment of optical wand, airing, the preparation in corn airing place, optical wand dries later threshing, the operation that the screening that threshing is later etc. are loaded down with trivial details and heavy work. )

3. no longer need to prepare big airing place.

4. corn belt leather thresing machine and traditional old-fashioned thresher machine have fundamental difference in operation principle, and old-fashioned thresing machine utilizes the roller tooth of High Rotation Speed; use the centrifugal force of machinery rotation; impact the barred body in the machine of entering, make barred body in machine, rotate, collide, cause barred body and particle separation. So must impel the breakage of corncob cellulose and particle, cause a large amount of excellent core fritter powder and corn to mix. Must next step employment hand-sorted peel off, take a large amount of time. And newly designed maize sheller is to utilize mechanical auger conveying device, impels the rotation of barred body high speed, and advances fast. At this moment with spring tool from the barred body side excellent core and particle separation.

Since the operation principle difference, the effect difference of receiving.It has simplified all requirement of traditional mechanical to corn threshing.Overcome many drawbacks of old-fashioned machinery, omitted the good multiple operation of maize processing process.We can say once cleaning, settle at one go.Its threshing does not require, so long as ripe corn, though dried wet, without peeling, even also threshing at once of the bright rod of just getting back.Rod core, excellent skin, particle three separate clear, are not mixed object, threshing performance 99% by what machinery was smashed.

5. corn is regained back threshing in time, is the condition that facilitates of airing rapidly, and the particle that takes off takes up an area of few, good management.Because of autumn rain is more over the years, in time dry warehouse-in, drop to minimum level shedding mould variability.

Three, Fa Ming content

Corn belt leather thresher critical piece and operation principle thereof:

1, helical feed shaft portion

Do three identical screw conveyor shafts (as Fig. 4) peace one of their isosceles triangles is fitted together, three kinds of multi-form and big or small screw threads are arranged on the helical axis, divide three parts in upper, middle and lower to form.Its rotation direction of a chain for binding criminals line on the screw conveyor shaft, angle are consistent with several three axles.Through experiment showed, the included angle of thread on the helical axis, just the speed of the slope of thread and transferring raw material relation is very big.Be that 45 degree are best at my experimental stage angle at present, a number of screw thread is three, about rotation direction all can, but must be consistent.Screw conveyor shaft the top and screw thread bottom are that steel disc is made.Its outer is shaped as the zigzag (cry pull sawtooth) of inclination, the hackle mark of topmost portion its mainly to act on be fast belt leather rod (also cry hair excellent) to be drawn in charging aperture, deliver in the body.The screw thread of helical axis middle part is a trapezoidal thread, and what the raw material that it adopts was wear-resistant and soft or hard is appropriate makes as the glue product.Its major function is that the hair rod of drawing in is transported to the preceding threshing of cutter fast; Because trapezoidal thread has the picture glue elasticity, for size, the discrepant barred body of thickness, can both accept, and can both compress conveying; Make barred body in this special feeding channel, keep the high speed rotating of self and advance fast, at this moment use the spring cutter head, separate excellent skin, corn particle is cut iron just as lathe, particle has been dialled from hair barred body side.The nethermost pulling sawtooth of screw conveyor shaft, its effect are the excellent core that has taken off grain, pull out outside the machine together with excellent skin one.Because nethermost pulling sawtooth, what interlock is the excellent core that has taken off grain, so his diameter than the diameter of top sawtooth more greatly.

2, spring tool part

(accompanying drawing 3, it has showed the installation site of cutter; One of them shows the interior of cutter, and its shows cutter outer shape appended Fig. 5) enter three screw conveyor shaft middle parts when the hair rod.Just entered after the feeding-passage, rolled fast and advance.On the knife rest of screw conveyor shaft, three spring tools (accompanying drawing 1, the toolframe installation position schematic diagram in mechanical body, accompanying drawing 3, the cutter installation position on toolframe) are installed near the middle part.Illustrate three spring tools shown in Figure 3 average 120 degree on knife rest to install one, three cutter heads are placed on the excellent side of hair in the rotation all the time, just excellent subcutaneous corn particle root, like this barred body rotation with advance in cutter head particle is peeled off.This machinery only takes down the particle on the excellent core, and excellent core and excellent skin still combine not separated, and excellent core was pulled out outside the machine by pulling sawtooth bottom after particle purified.

The function of spring tool: because of hair barred body and excellent core are conically shaped body, to once purify corn particle, do not stay remnants, do not damage excellent core again, have only with spring tool and just can finish, dial grain cutter head back and be equipped with spring, cutter head can be stretched, the particle that has so just solved on cone once purifies and don't damages excellent core.Because excellent core is excellent, this just gives nethermost pulling sawtooth, it is discharged body smoothly created good condition in addition.Be fritter or powder if excellent core beats, following pulling sawtooth just can't be pulled out.

3, transmission device part

In three screw conveyor shafts, wherein there are two axles to drive by motor, cry second driven axle it.A remaining axle is the 3rd driven axle.(with reference to Fig. 1 D to looking thresher transmission device schematic diagram) the 3rd driven axle because it is only in service in machine burden, could be driven.Because the 3rd driven axle, axle sleeve two ends setting pressure spring (analyse and observe by accompanying drawing 2 the 3rd driven axle two ends spring case, and the installation site schematic diagram of three helical axis), after hair rod has entered feeding channel between three screw conveyor shafts, under the pressure effect of spring, three screw conveyor shafts advance the rolling that is clipped in the middle tightly of hair rod.Because motor is directly driving two second driven axles and rotating, two second driven axles haul barred body and rotate.The 3rd driven axle just and then rotates under the compressing and pulling of barred body, therefore cries the 3rd driven axle it.Its effect is a size of adjusting charging aperture along with the size of processed natural barred body, thickness automatically, also can play the effect of rolling and carrying that compresses to thickness, barred body that size difference is bigger.

Four, description of drawings:

" Fig. 1 belt leather corn ear mechanical threshing machine interior schematic diagram "

Show this machinery interior shape, position, title and transmission device thereof.Wherein spiral pulls 9. times spirals of sawtooth 4. machinery mounts 5. conveyor screws 6. switchblades 7. switchblade holders, 8. knives rack plates and pulls 11. times watts of part fixed heads of sawtooth 10. motors (electromotor), 12. passive bars, spring screw conveyor shaft 13. motor driving-belts on 1. charging apertures 2. on watt part fixed head 3..

" Fig. 2 watt of part fixed head, screw conveyor shaft, spring case cross-sectional schematic "

The main displaying in conjunction with Fig. 1 A-A to looking, its name is called " Shang watt part fixed head " inner the 3rd driven axle of installing in three helical axis, the spring case cross-sectional schematic of the 3rd driven axle two ends setting.Wherein 4. watts of part boxes of 1. spring cappings, 2. springs, 3. watts of part springs fixed bin, one 5. lids, box are connected and fixed hole 6. watts of part boxes welded pipe 7. support fixing holes 8. mesopore 9.10. watt part box two, three.

" one of them cutter cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 3 spring tool support "

To looking, name is called " spring tool holder part " cross-sectional schematic in conjunction with Fig. 1 B-B, just analyses and observe one and shows interior, and it has showed the position of cutter in machinery and position and installation on toolframe.1. switchblades, 2. switchblade holders, 3. knives rack plates, 4. fixed screws, 5. springs, 6. spring cases, 7. cutter heads, 8. supporting plate mesopores wherein.

" Fig. 4 screw conveyor shaft pulls the local enlarged diagram of sawtooth C-C "

Main parts size in this machinery, name are called the local enlarged diagram in " screw conveyor shaft pulling sawtooth " C-C position, and it shows that mainly having three sections in this axle differs in size, variform helical feed screw thread, and the amplification of edge part is showed.

" Fig. 5 spring tool schematic diagram "

The outer shape of mainly having showed spring tool.

" Fig. 6 thresher transmission device schematic diagram "

Look from bottom to top to looking just in conjunction with Fig. 1 D, the map title is called rotation and three grades of residing positions of follower that " thresher tumbler schematic diagram " mainly shows motor wheel and secondary follower.Wherein 3. times watts of part fixed heads of 1. motor wheel, 2. motors, 4. spring case 5.6.7. spirals pull 13. 3 grades of followers of sawtooth 8.9. machinery mount fixed screw 10. spring cup fixed screws, 11. secondary followers.

The video display figure that other and transmission have nothing to do omits.

Five, embodiment: mechanical external morphology structure and power requirement

As can be seen from Figure 1, main skeleton, the form of belt leather corn rod threshing machine, the primary structure of its inside.Its core component has two kinds six, is exactly the screw conveyor shaft looked of Fig. 4 and Fig. 3, Fig. 5, the spring tool showed.Screw conveyor shaft has three, and their triangles are installed, and under the drive of power, the hair rod enters three triangular spaces behind the conveying axis, will the high speed rotation and advance fast.This has created condition just for the cutter threshing.The spring cutter head can stretch, and this is just purified the condition created to the particle on the tapered rod core, and ensure that excellent core is not damaged by cutter head.

As can be seen from Figure 1, barred body is entered by charging aperture topmost, by three conveying axis center-aisles, under the promotion of spiral power, from top to bottom, by behind three cutters installing in the centre, the particle on the barred body is just all purified, and by nethermost pulling sawtooth excellent core and excellent skin is pulled out outside the machine again.Below knife rest is tight is exactly to pull sawtooth.In the bottom of whole machinery is revolution part (shown in the accompanying drawing 6), is driving two driven axle work by motor.

That this machine is selected is vertical, machine is high 1.3 meters, conical body, totally-enclosed, simple to operate, move flexible, firm safety, charging aperture is a horn shape, upwards, during charging from top to bottom, caput pushes up excellent tail, single queuing is entered in single file, and under the effect that pulls sawtooth, the charging speed per hour is very fast.Adopt horsepower 1.1kw, require voltage 220v-380v all can drive, this body type is less, is fit to individual family and uses.Threshing performance about 99%, breakage rate 1%.

Claims (2)

1. belt leather corn ear mechanical threshing machine, it is a principle of utilizing helical feed, makes the centre of barred body at three helical axis, the high speed rotation, condition has been created in the threshing of advancing fast to cutter, reaches the threshing purpose;

Its critical piece utilizes three screw conveyor shafts exactly, is installed in the mechanical body their triangles are vertical, and three axles form certain distances, spatial channel.Along with the rotation of helical axis, barred body clamps between three axles, rotation is also advanced fast.The other cutter head of barred body side utilizes the rotation of barred body, and corn particle has been dialled.1。

2. Fig. 4 has shown screw thread form and the position on the helical axis, it is characterized in that, top pulls sawtooth, is responsible for the hair rod is drawn in the machine; Middle trapezoidal thread mainly is responsible for conveying; The hackle mark of lowermost part, its major function are having taken off excellent core and the excellent skin behind the grain, to pull out outside the machine.

Trapezoidal thread in the middle of the screw conveyor shaft is made with rubber articles, because flexible, its feature: the 1st, can both compress conveying to the barred body that differs in size;

Its feature 2 is in the high speed rotating of conveying axis, and excellent core and particle are not broken, waste material is discharged the condition of having created for simultaneously following pulling tooth.

Another vitals spring tool in the machinery, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 have showed the inside and the external structure of spring tool, and its installation site on toolframe.The spring cutter head can stretch, because barred body is a bullet, the spring cutter head can once purify the particle on the bullet, and don't damages excellent core, and excellent core is excellent, gives following pulling sawtooth, and the waste material machine of discharging has been laid good basis outward.Three installation sites of cutter in machinery as can be seen from Figure 1, when the hair rod was before forwarding cutter to, the residing position of cutter head was just in time at the root of corn particle, cutter head maintains static, barred body is cut iron just as lathe tool on the lathe like this in the middle rotation that advances at utmost speed, and particle has been dialled.

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