CN108029281B

CN108029281B - Grassland restoration ecological bag and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN108029281B
Application number: CN201810031429.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邵新庆; 刘晓丽; 施建军; 刘克思; 徐恒康; 李晶晶
Original assignee: China Agricultural University
Current assignee: China Agricultural University
Priority date: 2018-01-12
Filing date: 2018-01-12
Publication date: 2021-03-09
Anticipated expiration: 2038-01-12
Also published as: CN108029281A

Abstract

The invention discloses a grassland restoration ecological bag and application thereof. The grassland recovery ecological bag comprises an ecological bag main body, and seeds and a mixed matrix which are filled in the ecological bag main body; the mixed matrix is a mixture of soil, organic matters, slow release fertilizer and grass powder with the mass ratio of (65-70) to (5-15) to (5-10) to (15-20), and the mass ratio of the seeds to the mixed matrix is (2-3) to (100-150). The matrix filled in the ecological bag main body is convenient to collect, and cattle and sheep manure is used as an organic matter and provides nutrients for plant growth together with the slow release fertilizer; particularly, the hay milling powder filled in the ecological bag main body can further enhance the water retention of the matrix; the substrate and the seeds are placed in the grassland recovery ecological bag to prevent the seeds from drifting and being damaged, so that the germination rate of the seeds and the survival rate of the seedlings can be improved; the later plateau ecological bag main body material non-woven fabrics can be degraded; the grassland recovery ecological bag is particularly suitable for severe degeneration alpine grasslands.

Description

Grassland restoration ecological bag and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to an ecological bag for restoring grasslands and application thereof.

Background

Ecological bag bank protection technology, the application principle of ecological bag bank protection is as follows: soil is filled in the ecological bag, the ecological bag is bound by a binding belt or a binding wire, and an ecological retaining wall is formed by sequential placement, so that the ecological retaining wall plays a role in greening and beautifying the environment through vegetation on the one hand; on the other hand, the device can play a role of slope protection, and can perform slope protection, river bank breaking, mine restoration, highway slope protection, ecological river bank slope protection and the like. The lawn planting belt technology is one product produced with two layers of non-woven fabric as carrier, high quality grass seed and fertilizer applied inside the carrier and through mechanical sealing. The lawn vegetation zone is planted simply, does not need special technical equipment, and planting speed is fast, and the efficiency of construction is high, can tailor according to topography landform at will, and the piece together takes shape, can be used to various types of lawn shop plant if: golf courses, playgrounds, parks, airport highways, both sides of railways, residential areas, villa greening, even household courtyards, balcony and roof greening and indoor paving.

At present, the technologies such as ecological bags and plant growing belts are mainly used for slope protection, river bank protection, mine restoration, highway slope protection, ecological river bank protection and lawn planting. The research of the related technology is lacked for the ecological restoration of alpine grasses. The ecological bag is used for the bank protection and still has a lot of insufficiencies, and firstly the ecological bag takes place serious damage, and secondly the position of ecological bag changes. Through practical inspection, the situation that the materials in most ecological bags are not filled enough, the ecological bags are loosened and seriously displaced, and the originally designed slope ratio cannot be realized can be found out. The filling of the ecological bag is not delicate in sewing work and poor in quality of sewing lines, so that the opening of the ecological bag is cracked; the foundation of the ecological bag revetment is not treated well, so that ecological vegetation does not grow, and the ecological bag is deformed when the ecological bag is not reinforced and connected with the original foundation.

Severe degeneration of alpine grassland is serious, and pasture seeds can be directly sown for supplement sowing to recover the alpine grassland, but the seeds are too light, and the alpine grassland is large in wind and easy to drift; and the local evaporation is fast, if the seeds do not rain after sowing, the seeds quickly lose water and dry, and the germination rate is low. Therefore, the technology suitable for the ecological restoration of the severely degenerated alpine grasses is of great significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a grassland restoration ecological bag and application thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

an ecological bag for recovering grassland comprises an ecological bag main body, and seeds and a mixed matrix which are filled in the ecological bag main body; the mixed matrix is a mixture of soil, organic matters, slow release fertilizer and grass meal; the mass ratio of the seeds to the mixed matrix is (2-3) to (100-150); the mass ratio of the soil, the organic matter, the slow release fertilizer and the grass meal in the mixed matrix is (65-70): 5-15): 5-10): 15-20.

The organic matter is cattle and sheep excrement, and the grass meal is local hay grinding powder.

The seeds are elymus sativus seeds or cold-land bluegrass seeds, the purity of the seeds is more than 95%, and the germination rate is more than 85%.

The length of the ecological bag body is 75-85cm, the diameter is 4-8cm, and the loading amount of the seeds and the mixed matrix is 1/2-2/3 of the capacity of the ecological bag body.

The ecological bag main body is made of degradable materials through weaving, and is preferably made of non-woven fabrics.

The application of the grassland restoration ecological bag in the grassland restoration.

The grassland restoration ecological bag is applied to restoration of severely degenerated high-cold grasslands.

The grassland recovery ecological bags are parallelly placed on the degraded grassland at a distance of 15 cm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the matrix filled in the ecological bag main body is convenient to collect, and cattle and sheep manure is used as an organic matter and provides nutrients for plant growth together with the slow release fertilizer; particularly, the hay milling powder filled in the ecological bag main body can further enhance the water retention of the matrix, and solves the problems of low seed germination rate and low seedling survival rate caused by fast evaporation in severely degenerated alpine grassland areas; the substrate and the seeds are placed in the grassland recovery ecological bag to prevent the seeds from drifting and being damaged, so that the germination rate of the seeds and the survival rate of the seedlings can be improved; the non-woven fabric of the main material of the plateau ecological bag in the later stage is degradable, does not influence the growth of plants and does not pollute the environment.

2. The ecological bag for restoring the grasslands is used for restoring the grasslands, and has the advantages of simple operation process, short construction period, convenient in-situ material acquisition, low investment and high output ratio; the ecological bag is particularly suitable for severe degradation alpine grassland, the emergence rate is more than 75 percent, the planting rate is more than 70 percent, and the ecological bag can be attached to a slope with a slope of 30-60 degrees, thereby overcoming the problems of breakage and displacement of the existing slope protection ecological bag.

Detailed Description

The following examples facilitate a better understanding of the invention.

Example 1

The preparation method of the grassland recovery ecological bag comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing soil, organic matters, slow release fertilizer and grass meal according to the mass ratio of 70:10:5:15 to obtain a mixed matrix; the organic matter is cattle and sheep excrement, and the grass meal is local hay grinding powder.

(2) Uniformly mixing the elymus nutans seeds with the mixed matrix according to the mass ratio of 3:100, wherein the seed purity is more than 95%, and the germination rate is more than 85%.

(3) Loading the matrix mixed with seeds into ecological bag with length of 80cm, diameter of 5cm and capacity of 1570cm³. Sealing one side of the ecological bag, opening the other side, and filling 1000cm from the open end by using a long rod funnel³The mixture of the substrate and the seeds ensures that a certain space is reserved in the ecological bag, and then the ecological bag is sealed by a sealing machine through needling.

Example 2

(1) Greenhouse test

The temperature in the greenhouse is 15-30 ℃, and the relative humidity is 70-80%.

Example 1 grassland restoration ecological bags were placed in parallel in a greenhouse at 15cm intervals.

Sowing the elymus nutans seeds in the greenhouse according to the row spacing of 15cm by adopting a conventional sowing method.

The emergence rates of the grassland recovery ecological bag and the conventional sowing method are both stabilized at more than 85%, and the emergence of seedlings of the ecological bag is slightly early.

(2) Cell test

The cell test is carried out in campus of Chinese agriculture university (Beijing), and under the natural condition of June, the temperature is 15-25 ℃ and the humidity is 50-60%.

Example 1 grassland restoration ecological bags were placed in parallel in a small area at a distance of 15 cm.

Sowing the elymus nutans seeds in the plot according to the row spacing of 15cm by adopting a conventional sowing method.

The emergence rate of the grassland recovery ecological bag is more than 85 percent, and the planting success rate is 81.2 percent; and the conventional sowing rate of emergence is about 70%, and the planting success rate is below 60%.

(3) Test on Natural grassland

The natural grassland test is carried out in Guinan county of Qinghai province, and under the natural condition of June, the temperature is 5-15 ℃, and the humidity is 30-40%.

Example 1 the grassland restoration ecological bags were placed in parallel on the deteriorated grassland at an interval of 15 cm.

Sowing the elymus nutans seeds on the degenerated grass land by a conventional sowing method according to the row spacing of 15 cm.

The emergence rate of the grassland recovery ecological bag is more than 75 percent, the planting rate is more than 70 percent, and the grassland recovery ecological bag can be attached to a slope with a gradient of 30-60 degrees; the rate of emergence of the seeds is below 55%, and the success rate of planting is below 50%.

The results show that the grassland recovery ecological bag planting is obviously superior to the common reseeding, the seedling growth vigor is good, and the vegetation coverage rate is high.

Claims

1. The ecological bag for recovering grassland is characterized by comprising an ecological bag main body, and seeds and a mixed matrix which are filled in the ecological bag main body; the mixed matrix is a mixture of soil, organic matters, slow release fertilizer and grass meal; the mass ratio of the seeds to the mixed matrix is 3: 100; the mass ratio of the soil, the organic matters, the slow release fertilizer and the grass meal in the mixed matrix is 70:10:5: 15;

the organic matter is cattle and sheep excrement, and the grass meal is local hay grinding powder;

the seeds are elymus sativus seeds or cold-land bluegrass seeds, the purity of the seeds is more than 95%, and the germination rate is more than 85%;

the length of the ecological bag body is 75-85cm, the diameter is 4-8cm, and the loading amount of the seeds and the mixed matrix is 1/2-2/3 of the capacity of the ecological bag body;

the grassland recovery ecological bags are parallelly placed on the degraded grassland at a distance of 15 cm;

the grassland ecological restoration bag is used for severe degeneration alpine grassland in Qinghai province, the emergence rate of the grassland ecological restoration bag is more than 75%, the planting rate is more than 70%, and the grassland ecological restoration bag can be attached to a slope with a gradient of 30-60 degrees.

2. The grassland restoration ecological bag according to claim 1, wherein the ecological bag body is woven from a degradable material.

3. Use of the grassland restoration ecological bag of claim 1 for grassland restoration.

4. Use according to claim 3, wherein the grassland restoration ecobag is used in the restoration of severely degenerated alpine grassland.