CN108013385A - 一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将青鱼肌肉糜和水搅拌均匀,酶解离心取上清液,干燥后得粉末A;(2)将三角梅花瓣干燥粉碎成粉末,过筛,用95%乙醇溶液回流提取,取滤液,浓缩成三角梅花瓣提取液;(3)将新鲜石榴取果仁打碎榨汁,过滤取汁液,得石榴汁液;(4)将壳寡糖和蒸馏水混合搅拌,加入三角梅花瓣提取液,搅拌混匀得溶液A;(5)加入蜂王浆、粉末A和石榴汁液,搅拌溶解后加入柠檬酸和茶多酚,加水定容至300mL,搅拌,过滤除滤渣即得。本发明所制备的免疫力增强制剂对小鼠的体重没有明显影响,在体液免疫、细胞免疫和单核-巨噬细胞功能三方面都有明显的效果,具有增强免疫力的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法。
背景技术
免疫力是人体自身的防御机制,是人体识别和消灭外来侵入的任何异物(病毒、细菌等)。处理衰老、损伤、死亡、变性的自身细胞以及识别和处理体内突变细胞和病毒感染细胞的能力。免疫力低下的身体易于被感染或患癌症,各种原因使免疫系统不能正常发挥保护作用,在此情况下,极易招致细菌、病毒、真菌等感染,因此免疫力低下最直接的表现就是容易生病,因经常患病,加重了机体的消耗,所以一般有体质虚弱、营养不良、精神萎靡、疲乏无力、食欲降低、睡眠障碍等表现。现代免疫学认为,提高免疫力是人体识别和排除“异己”的生理反应。人体内执行这一功能的是免疫系统,有多种方法可以增强免疫力,例如:饮食调理,多食用有益食品,特别是小孩,需多注意免疫力的增强。而随着人民生活水平的提高,保健品的开发与利用已经受到了前所未有的关注与应用,通过服用保健品来增强免疫力也成为了一种快捷有效的方法。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题:本发明的目的是提供一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,制备的制剂对小鼠的体重没有明显影响,在体液免疫、细胞免疫和单核-巨噬细胞功能三方面都有明显的效果,具有增强免疫力的作用。
技术方案:一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将500g青鱼肌肉糜和500ml去离子水搅拌均匀,加入木瓜蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解液在转速5000rpm下离心25-30分钟,取上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得粉末A,其中,酶浓度为0.2×103-0.8×103 U/g蛋白、酶解时间为2-5小时,酶解温度为45-60℃;
(2) 将三角梅花瓣冷冻干燥后用粉碎机粉碎成粉末,过50 目筛,将10-20g粉末用200-300mL95%乙醇溶液在70℃下回流提取1-2小时,取滤液,减压蒸馏将滤液浓缩成10-20mL三角梅花瓣提取液;
(3) 将50-100g新鲜石榴取果仁,用打浆机将其打碎榨汁,过滤取汁液,得石榴汁液;
(4) 将1-2g壳寡糖和100-200mL蒸馏水混合搅拌溶解,加入2-3ml三角梅花瓣提取液,搅拌混匀得溶液A;
(5) 加入8-15mL蜂王浆、1-2g粉末A和30-50mL石榴汁液,搅拌溶解后加入0.1-0.2g柠檬酸和0.1-0.3g茶多酚,加蒸馏水定容至300mL,搅拌10-20分钟,过滤,去除滤渣即得。
进一步的,所述壳寡糖的聚合度为6-8。
进一步的,所述的一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,所述的步骤(1)中酶浓度为0.5×103-0.6×103U/g蛋白,酶解时间为3-4小时,酶解温度为50-55℃。
进一步的,所述的一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,所述的步骤(2)中回流提取时间为1.5小时。
进一步的,所述的一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,所述的步骤(5)中搅拌时间为15分钟。
有益效果:本发明免疫力增强制剂的制备方法所制备的制剂对小鼠的体重没有明显影响,各组小鼠脾/体比值,胸腺/体比值也没有明显变化,对DTH有明显的影响。实验组和对照组小鼠脾脏Ig M 抗体形成细胞数之间没有明显的差异。实验组小鼠血清半数溶血值(HC50)明显高于空白对照组,有明显的差异。对各组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数之间没有明显的差异。实验组小鼠碳廓清能力明显高于空白对照组,具有明显的差异。各组小鼠NK细胞活性之间没有明显的差异性。因此,本发明免疫力增强制剂在体液免疫、细胞免疫和单核-巨噬细胞功能三方面都有明显的效果,具有增强免疫力的作用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将500g青鱼肌肉糜和500ml去离子水搅拌均匀,加入木瓜蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解液在转速5000rpm下离心25分钟,取上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得粉末A,其中,酶浓度为0.2×103U/g蛋白、酶解时间为2小时,酶解温度为45℃;
(2) 将三角梅花瓣冷冻干燥后用粉碎机粉碎成粉末,过50 目筛,将10g粉末用200mL95%乙醇溶液在70℃下回流提取1小时,取滤液,减压蒸馏将滤液浓缩成10mL三角梅花瓣提取液;
(3) 将50g新鲜石榴取果仁,用打浆机将其打碎榨汁,过滤取汁液,得石榴汁液;
(4) 将1g壳寡糖和100mL蒸馏水混合搅拌溶解,加入2ml三角梅花瓣提取液,搅拌混匀得溶液A;
(5) 加入8mL蜂王浆、1g粉末A和30mL石榴汁液,搅拌溶解后加入0.1g柠檬酸和0.1g茶多酚,加蒸馏水定容至300mL,搅拌10分钟,过滤,去除滤渣即得。
实施例2
一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将500g青鱼肌肉糜和500ml去离子水搅拌均匀,加入木瓜蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解液在转速5000rpm下离心26分钟,取上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得粉末A,其中,酶浓度为0.5×103U/g蛋白、酶解时间为3小时,酶解温度为50℃;
(2) 将三角梅花瓣冷冻干燥后用粉碎机粉碎成粉末,过50 目筛,将12g粉末用220mL95%乙醇溶液在70℃下回流提取1.5小时,取滤液,减压蒸馏将滤液浓缩成13mL三角梅花瓣提取液;
(3) 将60g新鲜石榴取果仁,用打浆机将其打碎榨汁,过滤取汁液,得石榴汁液;
(4) 将1.2g壳寡糖和120mL蒸馏水混合搅拌溶解,加入2.5ml三角梅花瓣提取液,搅拌混匀得溶液A;
(5) 加入10mL蜂王浆、1.2g粉末A和35mL石榴汁液,搅拌溶解后加入0.12g柠檬酸和0.15g茶多酚,加蒸馏水定容至300mL,搅拌12分钟,过滤,去除滤渣即得。
实施例3
一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将500g青鱼肌肉糜和500ml去离子水搅拌均匀,加入木瓜蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解液在转速5000rpm下离心25分钟,取上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得粉末A,其中,酶浓度为0.5×103 U/g蛋白、酶解时间为3.5小时,酶解温度为53℃;
(2) 将三角梅花瓣冷冻干燥后用粉碎机粉碎成粉末,过50 目筛,将15g粉末用250mL95%乙醇溶液在70℃下回流提取1.5小时,取滤液,减压蒸馏将滤液浓缩成15mL三角梅花瓣提取液;
(3) 将75g新鲜石榴取果仁,用打浆机将其打碎榨汁,过滤取汁液,得石榴汁液;
(4) 将1.5g壳寡糖和150mL蒸馏水混合搅拌溶解,加入2.5ml三角梅花瓣提取液,搅拌混匀得溶液A;
(5) 加入11mL蜂王浆、1.5g粉末A和40mL石榴汁液,搅拌溶解后加入0.15g柠檬酸和0.2g茶多酚,加蒸馏水定容至300mL,搅拌15分钟,过滤,去除滤渣即得。
实施例4
一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将500g青鱼肌肉糜和500ml去离子水搅拌均匀,加入木瓜蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解液在转速5000rpm下离心29分钟,取上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得粉末A,其中,酶浓度为0.6×103 U/g蛋白、酶解时间为4小时,酶解温度为55℃;
(2) 将三角梅花瓣冷冻干燥后用粉碎机粉碎成粉末,过50 目筛,将17g粉末用270mL95%乙醇溶液在70℃下回流提取1.5小时,取滤液,减压蒸馏将滤液浓缩成17mL三角梅花瓣提取液;
(3) 将90g新鲜石榴取果仁,用打浆机将其打碎榨汁,过滤取汁液,得石榴汁液;
(4) 将1.7g壳寡糖和170mL蒸馏水混合搅拌溶解,加入2.5ml三角梅花瓣提取液,搅拌混匀得溶液A;
(5) 加入13mL蜂王浆、1.7g粉末A和45mL石榴汁液,搅拌溶解后加入0.15g柠檬酸和0.25g茶多酚,加蒸馏水定容至300mL,搅拌15分钟,过滤,去除滤渣即得。
实施例5
一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将500g青鱼肌肉糜和500ml去离子水搅拌均匀,加入木瓜蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解液在转速5000rpm下离心30分钟,取上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得粉末A,其中,酶浓度为0.8×103 U/g蛋白、酶解时间为5小时,酶解温度为60℃;
(2) 将三角梅花瓣冷冻干燥后用粉碎机粉碎成粉末,过50 目筛,将20g粉末用300mL95%乙醇溶液在70℃下回流提取2小时,取滤液,减压蒸馏将滤液浓缩成20mL三角梅花瓣提取液;
(3) 将100g新鲜石榴取果仁,用打浆机将其打碎榨汁,过滤取汁液,得石榴汁液;
(4) 将2g壳寡糖和200mL蒸馏水混合搅拌溶解,加入3ml三角梅花瓣提取液,搅拌混匀得溶液A;
(5) 加入15mL蜂王浆、2g粉末A和50mL石榴汁液,搅拌溶解后加入0.2g柠檬酸和0.3g茶多酚,加蒸馏水定容至300mL,搅拌20分钟,过滤,去除滤渣即得。
对比例1
一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将三角梅花瓣冷冻干燥后用粉碎机粉碎成粉末,过50 目筛,将10g粉末用200mL95%乙醇溶液在70℃下回流提取1小时,取滤液,减压蒸馏将滤液浓缩成10mL三角梅花瓣提取液;
(2) 将50g新鲜石榴取果仁,用打浆机将其打碎榨汁,过滤取汁液,得石榴汁液;
(3) 将1g壳寡糖和100mL蒸馏水混合搅拌溶解,加入2ml三角梅花瓣提取液,搅拌混匀得溶液A;
(4) 加入8mL蜂王浆和30mL石榴汁液,搅拌溶解后加入0.1g柠檬酸和0.1g茶多酚,加蒸馏水定容至300mL,搅拌10分钟,过滤,去除滤渣即得。
对比例2
一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将500g青鱼肌肉糜和500ml去离子水搅拌均匀,加入木瓜蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解液在转速5000rpm下离心25分钟,取上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得粉末A,其中,酶浓度为0.2×103U/g蛋白、酶解时间为2小时,酶解温度为45℃;
(2) 将50g新鲜石榴取果仁,用打浆机将其打碎榨汁,过滤取汁液,得石榴汁液;
(3) 将1g壳寡糖和100mL蒸馏水混合搅拌溶解,得溶液A;
(4) 加入8mL蜂王浆、1g粉末A和30mL石榴汁液,搅拌溶解后加入0.1g柠檬酸和0.1g茶多酚,加蒸馏水定容至300mL,搅拌10分钟,过滤,去除滤渣即得。
选用清洁级昆明种小鼠,雌性小鼠,192只,体重19g-24g,随机分为8组,实验组7组分别每天进口灌胃0. 1m L/10g BW一次,连续30天,于末次给予受试物后对动物进行各项免疫指标测定。空白对照组给予去离子水。
每个组再随机分为4组,每组6只,第一组进行免疫器官重量、迟发型变态反应(DTH)、抗体形成细胞数(PFC)、血清半数溶血值(HC50)试验;第二组进行腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能试验;第三组进行碳廓清试验;第四组进行小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化试验和NK 细胞活性试验。
由表1可见,实验组和对照组小鼠体重增长正常,差异不明显,说明对小鼠的体重没有明显影响,各组小鼠脾/体比值,胸腺/体比值也没有明显变化。由表2可见,与对照组相比,实验组小鼠足跖增厚程度明显增高,说明对DTH有明显的影响。实验组和对照组小鼠脾脏Ig M 抗体形成细胞数之间没有明显的差异。实验组小鼠血清半数溶血值(HC50)明显高于空白对照组,有明显的差异。由表3可见,各组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数之间没有明显的差异。实验组小鼠碳廓清能力明显高于空白对照组,具有明显的差异。各组小鼠NK细胞活性之间没有明显的差异性。因此,本发明免疫力增强制剂在体液免疫、细胞免疫和单核-巨噬细胞功能三方面都有明显的效果,具有增强免疫力的作用。
表1 免疫力增强制剂对小鼠体重和脏/体比值的影响
表2 免疫力增强制剂对小鼠DTH、脾脏IgM PFC和HC50的影响
表3 免疫力增强制剂对巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响以及对小鼠碳廓清能力和NK细胞活性的影响
Claims (5)
1.一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1) 将500g青鱼肌肉糜和500ml去离子水搅拌均匀,加入木瓜蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解液在转速5000rpm下离心25-30分钟,取上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得粉末A,其中,酶浓度为0.2×103-0.8×103 U/g蛋白、酶解时间为2-5小时,酶解温度为45-60℃;
(2) 将三角梅花瓣冷冻干燥后用粉碎机粉碎成粉末,过50 目筛,将10-20g粉末用200-300mL95%乙醇溶液在70℃下回流提取1-2小时,取滤液,减压蒸馏将滤液浓缩成10-20mL三角梅花瓣提取液;
(3) 将50-100g新鲜石榴取果仁,用打浆机将其打碎榨汁,过滤取汁液,得石榴汁液;
(4) 将1-2g壳寡糖和100-200mL蒸馏水混合搅拌溶解,加入2-3ml三角梅花瓣提取液,搅拌混匀得溶液A;
(5) 加入8-15mL蜂王浆、1-2g粉末A和30-50mL石榴汁液,搅拌溶解后加入0.1-0.2g柠檬酸和0.1-0.3g茶多酚,加蒸馏水定容至300mL,搅拌10-20分钟,过滤,去除滤渣即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述壳寡糖的聚合度为6-8。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中酶浓度为0.5×103-0.6×103U/g蛋白,酶解时间为3-4小时,酶解温度为50-55℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中回流提取时间为1.5小时。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种免疫力增强制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(5)中搅拌时间为15分钟。
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