CN107999753B - Synchronous feedback material increase and decrease cooperative manufacturing system and use method thereof - Google Patents
Synchronous feedback material increase and decrease cooperative manufacturing system and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107999753B CN107999753B CN201711249541.8A CN201711249541A CN107999753B CN 107999753 B CN107999753 B CN 107999753B CN 201711249541 A CN201711249541 A CN 201711249541A CN 107999753 B CN107999753 B CN 107999753B
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
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- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synchronous feedback material increase and decrease cooperative manufacturing system and a use method thereof, wherein a material increase operation part comprises: the device comprises a material increase robot, a printing head, a laser light source and a powder feeding device; a laser light source: for delivering a laser beam to the print head under the control of the control system; powder feeding device: the printing system is used for conveying printing materials to the printing head under the control of the control system; a print head: the laser powder coupling device is used for forming a molten pool on a working surface when the laser beam and the printing material are obtained; the material increase robot: the additive printing robot is driven to drive the printing head to perform three-dimensional motion additive printing operation under the control of the control system; molten pool monitoring device: the information for monitoring and obtaining the shape parameters or/and the temperature gradient of the molten pool is sent to a control system, and the control system: and the laser powder feeding device is used for revising the initial additive control parameters according to the shape parameters or/and the temperature gradient information and then sending the revised additive control parameters to the laser light source, the powder feeding device, the additive robot and the printing head.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a synchronous feedback material increase and decrease cooperative manufacturing system for correcting and increasing and decreasing materials in real time and performing the material increase and decrease in the same environment and a using method thereof.
Background
Currently, in large-size 3D printing apparatuses, there are the following major problems:
1) the size control process of the printing process has no feedback, and after the printing path and the printing process parameters are output by the slicing software and the path planning software, the printing equipment is directly controlled in an open loop mode, so that the problems of real-time feedback and correction of the size value of the printing process are solved;
2) at present, large-size printing equipment is usually subjected to additive manufacturing firstly, after the material is finished, the equipment is moved out (an inert gas atmosphere environment of the whole equipment is destroyed), enters a holding furnace for stress relief heat treatment, then a corresponding machine tool is selected according to the structural complexity for processing, and finally the use requirement is met.
1. The invention has public knowledge, namely the general definition of a manufacturing system for material increase and material decrease manufacturing, wherein machine tool machining is material decrease in most cases, 3D printing equipment belongs to material increase manufacturing, and the material increase manufacturing mainly adopts a laser melting powder feeding type printing mode in the field of large-size metal part molding at present; often, a blank is printed, then heat treated, and then reduced to the required part size.
2. The most similar processing center that appears abroad at present with this scheme can directly restore the part through the mode of build-up welding on the part surface, then through changing the tool magazine, thereby reduces the manufacturing that the material processing reached the part requirement, and this equipment has not yet appeared on the domestic market, mainly in the propaganda video of foreign lathe factory.
In general, the main defects of the prior art are that 1, the manufacturing process has no feedback and the dimensional accuracy is not high; 2, in order to realize the use of parts, the subsequent processes and equipment are more, the actual use cost is high, and the occupied area is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a synchronous feedback material increase and decrease cooperative manufacturing system and a use method thereof, and provides a manufacturing system for correcting material increase processing technical parameters in real time so as to achieve the purpose of excellent quality control.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a synchronous feedback material increase and decrease collaborative manufacturing system comprises an atmosphere protection system, a control system, a material increase operation part and a molten pool monitoring device:
the material increase operation portion includes: the device comprises a material increase robot, a printing head, a laser light source and a powder feeding device;
a laser light source: for delivering a laser beam to the print head under the control of the control system;
powder feeding device: the printing system is used for conveying printing materials to the printing head under the control of the control system;
a print head: the laser powder coupling device is used for forming a molten pool on a working surface when the laser beam and the printing material are obtained;
the material increase robot: the printing head is driven to perform three-dimensional motion additive printing operation under the control of the control system;
molten pool monitoring device: the information for monitoring and obtaining the shape parameters or/and the temperature gradient of the molten pool is sent to a control system,
the control system comprises: the laser powder feeding device is used for revising the initial additive control parameters according to the shape parameters or/and the temperature gradient information and then sending the revised additive control parameters to the laser light source, the powder feeding device, the additive robot and the printing head;
atmosphere protection system: for creating a protective atmosphere for the additive operating environment under control of the control system.
The design principle of the invention is as follows: because the traditional additive manufacturing process has no feedback, and after the printing path and the printing process parameters are output by slicing software and path planning software, the printing equipment is directly controlled in an open loop mode, in order to debug the optimal manufacturing quality, formal printing is started after setting parameters are debugged for many times, and the process of debugging for many times is repeatedly corrected by experience, so that the material waste is caused, and good growth of microscopic crystal grains cannot be obtained in the printing process The parameters of the powder feeding device, the additive robot and the printing head are continuously printed, so that the temperature gradient of a molten pool is changed in real time by directly changing the parameters of a light source or the parameters of powder feeding or the parameters of motion, the expected temperature gradient beneficial to the growth of microscopic grains is achieved in the printing effect obtained at each moment, other devices for assisting in changing the temperature gradient of the molten pool are not needed to be added in the mode, the production cost can be greatly saved, the mode can be used for beginning formal printing after repeated debugging for many times, the printing at each moment is finished in a revised state, and the whole printing process is equivalent to debugging and manufacturing. In addition, the invention also researches and discovers that the shape parameter of the molten pool can also effectively improve the growth of microscopic grains and is consistent with the principle of controlling the temperature gradient of the molten pool, in particular, the invention researches and discovers that the shape of the molten pool can be changed greatly in the process of turning printing such as chamfering, arc and the like, and the shape of the molten pool can be changed randomly due to the change of direction, so that the problem that the shape of the molten pool is controlled under the shape which is most beneficial to the growth of the microscopic grains cannot be effectively solved, in order to solve the problem, the invention also adjusts the printing parameters by using a shape feedback mode, thereby adjusting the shape of the molten pool to reach the preset shape parameter by using some parameters of printing self equipment, thus ensuring the shape of the molten pool to be in the optimal state at any moment, and the invention discovers that the shape of the molten pool is related to the powder feeding amount to the maximum extent, of course, the invention can effectively control the change of the parameters to achieve the effect of setting the shape in advance. The research of the invention also finds that the existing welding technology or 3D printing technology has a method for controlling the crystal orientation, but the technologies adopt external auxiliary equipment to control the crystal orientation, such as electromagnetic control and auxiliary cooling control, and some technologies adopt angle selection to control, but the technologies do not solve the problem of crystal orientation growth from the angle of controlling the temperature gradient and the shape of a molten pool, and do not propose to change the parameters of the printing equipment to control the temperature gradient and the shape angle of the molten pool to solve the problem of crystal orientation growth, but the invention essentially utilizes the control parameters of the printing to adjust the state of the molten pool, aims to complete the control of crystal grains by establishing the control mode of the molten pool at the initial metallurgical stage, can control the crystal grains to the maximum extent, and the traditional technology establishes the optimization of the crystal grains which are smelted by arranging auxiliary means after the completion of the metallurgy or the setting of the metallurgy, it is known that the quality of crude steel in smelting technology determines the quality of later refined steel, the same adjusting mode value of the invention is directly equivalent to limiting the quality of the crude steel, while the prior art is equivalent to optimizing the later refined steel, obviously, the controllable range of the invention is larger, and products with better quality can be obtained, so that the preset requirements can be met without a complex later processing means, meanwhile, secondary heat treatment is needed to improve the structure and the performance after the traditional crystal orientation control method, the technical requirements of material reduction treatment can be directly met after the invention is finished, the material reduction treatment of milling or grinding can be directly carried out, and the heat treatment is not needed before the material reduction treatment.
Preferably, the molten pool monitoring device adopts a three-dimensional scanner to monitor and obtain shape parameters of the molten pool, and the molten pool monitoring device adopts a temperature information acquisition device to monitor and obtain temperature gradient information of the molten pool.
Preferably, the initial additive control parameters comprise a bath shape control parameter to be revised according to a shape parameter, and the initial additive control parameters comprise a bath melting control parameter to be revised according to temperature gradient information.
Preferably, the molten pool shape control parameter and the molten pool melting control parameter each include: the power parameter of the laser light source power, the focus parameter for controlling the focus position of the laser light source, the stop time parameter for controlling the stay time of the printing head, the speed parameter for controlling the moving speed of the printing head, the powder feeding quantity parameter for controlling the powder feeding quantity of the powder feeding device, the powder feeding speed parameter for controlling the powder feeding speed of the powder feeding device and the atmosphere parameter for controlling the atmosphere environment.
Preferably, the device also comprises a part parameter acquisition device and a material reducing operation part in the protective atmosphere of the additive operation environment,
subtract material operation portion includes: a material reducing robot and a material reducing machining head,
subtract material robot: the material reducing robot is driven under the control of the control system to drive the material reducing machining head to perform three-dimensional movement material reducing operation;
part parameter acquisition device: the device is used for monitoring and obtaining a dimension parameter or/and a temperature parameter or/and a thermal stress parameter of a finished additive processing part;
the control system comprises: and the device is used for revising the initial material reducing control parameter according to the size parameter or/and the temperature parameter or/and the thermal stress parameter obtained by the part parameter obtaining device and then sending the revised material reducing control parameter to the material reducing robot and the material reducing machining head.
Similarly, based on the above principle, we can see that the material reducing part and the material increasing part are placed in the same system and in the same atmosphere environment, because the material increasing manufacturing and forming process of the part needs to be performed in the atmosphere environment with extremely low oxygen and water contents, the phenomena of influencing the mechanical property of the part and preventing printing defects and the like caused by metal oxidation are inhibited, the atmosphere protection subsystem provides an atmosphere environment filled with inert gas for the forming process, and meanwhile, because the material increasing manufacturing utilizes synchronous feedback parameters to influence control parameters, the purpose of correcting technical defects in real time is achieved, so physical parameters of blank parts manufactured by material increasing can be completely and directly used for material reducing manufacturing, other redundant processing in the middle is not needed, and the purpose of realizing synchronous feedback material increasing and decreasing cooperative manufacturing by two robots is achieved. The invention can obviously reduce the process flow, heat treatment and processing equipment and the floor area of the equipment; the material increase and decrease are carried out synchronously, feedback is carried out, parts meeting the use requirements can be directly processed, or better semi-finished products are provided, the production efficiency of products is improved, and the production operation cost is reduced.
Preferably, the part parameter acquiring device monitors and acquires the size parameter of the part subjected to additive processing by using a three-dimensional scanner, the part parameter acquiring device monitors and acquires the temperature parameter of the part subjected to additive processing by using a temperature information acquiring device, and the part parameter acquiring device monitors and acquires the thermal stress parameter of the part subjected to additive processing by using a thermal stress acquiring device.
Preferably, the initial material reduction control parameters include: and any one of a rotating speed control parameter for controlling the rotating speed of the machining head of the material reducing machine and a track control parameter for controlling the motion track of the material reducing robot.
Preferably, the method for using the material addition and reduction cooperative manufacturing system based on the synchronous feedback comprises the following steps:
step A, processing a process file: converting the model data of the manufactured part into initial control parameters which can be identified by a control system;
step B, atmosphere setting: the control system controls the starting atmosphere system;
step C, additive manufacturing: the control system starts the powder feeding device, the laser light source, the printing head and the additive robot to start additive manufacturing according to initial additive control parameters in the initial control parameters, shape parameters or/and temperature gradient information is obtained through the molten pool monitoring device in the manufacturing process, the control system controls the laser light source, the powder feeding device, the additive robot and the printing head to continue additive manufacturing under the revised additive control parameters after revising the initial additive control parameters in real time according to the shape parameters or/and the temperature gradient information, and meanwhile, the part parameter obtaining device obtains the size parameters of the formed additive processed parts in real time and uses the numerical value feedback control system for material reduction manufacturing according to a certain time sequence;
step D, zeroing: after the additive manufacturing is finished, returning the additive operation part to a zero position, comparing the received size parameter with the size in the initial control parameter by adopting a control system, and re-formulating the initial material reduction control parameter according to the comparison result;
step E, material reduction manufacturing: the control system starts the material reducing robot and the material reducing machining head to start material reducing manufacturing according to the initial material reducing control parameters, obtains the size parameters or/and the temperature parameters or/and the thermal stress parameters in real time through the part parameter obtaining device in the manufacturing process, synchronously corrects the initial material reducing control parameters, and continuously controls the material reducing robot and the material reducing machining head to continue the material reducing manufacturing under the corrected initial material reducing control parameters.
The step A, the specific steps of processing the process file are as follows: the method comprises the steps of obtaining CAD model data of manufactured parts, carrying out slicing layering processing on the CAD model, planning and setting a path, setting process parameters according to the path and material parameters, converting the process parameters and a motion control program into G codes which can be recognized by a system and are used for machining of a machine tool, and converting the G codes into control languages corresponding to a control system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the process flow, the heat treatment and processing equipment and the floor area of the equipment can be reduced; the material increase and decrease are carried out synchronously, feedback is carried out, parts meeting the use requirements can be directly processed, or better semi-finished products are provided, the production efficiency of products is improved, and the production operation cost is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a side view of a simultaneous feedback additive and subtractive collaborative manufacturing system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of use of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a material reducing robot, 2, an additive robot, 3, a three-dimensional scanner, 4, a printing head, 5, a part, 6, a material reducing machining head, 7 and a cable automatic retraction mechanism.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example one
As shown in figures 1 and 2 of the drawings,
a synchronous feedback material increase and decrease collaborative manufacturing system comprises an atmosphere system, a control system, a material increase operation part and a molten pool monitoring device:
the material increase operation portion includes: the additive manufacturing device comprises a material adding robot 2, a printing head 4, a laser light source and a powder feeding device;
a laser light source: for delivering a laser beam to the print head 4 under the control of the control system;
powder feeding device: for feeding the printing head 4 with printing material under the control of the control system;
in practice, a laser source and a powder feeding device respectively feed laser beams and metal powder (printing material) to a printing head, the metal powder is sprayed into a molten pool formed on a working surface by a laser spot under the action of a light-powder coupling device of a printing head subsystem, the molten pool is a base material part which is melted into a pool shape by heat, and a liquid metal part with a certain geometric shape, namely the molten pool, is formed on a weldment during fusion welding.
The print head 4: the laser powder coupling device is used for forming a molten pool on a working surface when the laser beam and the printing material are obtained;
additive robot 2: the printing head 2 is used for driving the printing head 4 to perform three-dimensional motion additive printing operation under the control of the control system;
molten pool monitoring device: the information for monitoring and obtaining the shape parameters or/and the temperature gradient of the molten pool is sent to a control system,
the control system comprises: the laser powder feeding device is used for revising the initial additive control parameters according to the shape parameters or/and the temperature gradient information and then sending the revised additive control parameters to the laser light source, the powder feeding device, the additive robot 2 and the printing head 4;
atmosphere system: for creating a protective atmosphere for the additive operating environment under control of the control system.
The design principle of the invention is as follows: because the traditional additive manufacturing process has no feedback, and after the printing path and the printing process parameters are output by slicing software and path planning software, the printing equipment is directly controlled in an open loop mode, in order to debug the optimal manufacturing quality, formal printing is started after setting parameters are debugged for many times, and the process of debugging for many times is repeatedly corrected by experience, so that the material waste is caused, and good growth of microscopic crystal grains cannot be obtained in the printing process The parameters of the powder feeding device, the additive robot 2 and the printing head 4 are continuously printed, so that the condition that the temperature gradient of a molten pool is changed in real time by directly changing the parameters of a light source or the parameters of powder feeding or the parameters of motion is provided, the expected temperature gradient beneficial to the growth of microscopic grains is achieved in the printing effect obtained at each moment, other devices for assisting in changing the temperature gradient of the molten pool are not needed to be added in the mode, the production cost can be greatly saved, the mode can be used for starting formal printing after repeated debugging for many times, the printing at each moment is finished in a revised state, and the whole printing process is equivalent to debugging and manufacturing. In addition, the invention also researches and discovers that the shape parameter of the molten pool can also effectively improve the growth of microscopic grains and is consistent with the principle of controlling the temperature gradient of the molten pool, in particular, the invention researches and discovers that the shape of the molten pool can be changed greatly in the process of turning printing such as chamfering, arc and the like, and the shape of the molten pool can be changed randomly due to the change of direction, so that the problem that the shape of the molten pool is controlled under the shape which is most beneficial to the growth of the microscopic grains cannot be effectively solved, in order to solve the problem, the invention also adjusts the printing parameters by using a shape feedback mode, thereby adjusting the shape of the molten pool to reach the preset shape parameter by using some parameters of printing self equipment, thus ensuring the shape of the molten pool to be in the optimal state at any moment, and the invention discovers that the shape of the molten pool is related to the powder feeding amount to the maximum extent, of course, the invention can effectively control the change of the parameters to achieve the effect of setting the shape in advance. The research of the invention also finds that the existing welding technology or 3D printing technology has a method for controlling the crystal orientation, but the technologies adopt external auxiliary equipment to control the crystal orientation, such as electromagnetic control and auxiliary cooling control, and some technologies adopt angle selection to control, but the technologies do not solve the problem of crystal orientation growth from the angle of controlling the temperature gradient and the shape of a molten pool, and do not propose to change the parameters of the printing equipment per se to control the temperature gradient and the shape angle of the molten pool to solve the problem of crystal orientation growth, and the traditional crystal orientation control method also needs secondary heat treatment to improve the structure and the performance, and the invention can directly meet the technical requirements of material reduction treatment and directly enter the material reduction treatment of milling or grinding without heat treatment before the material reduction treatment.
Preferably, the molten pool monitoring device adopts a three-dimensional scanner 3 to monitor and obtain shape parameters of the molten pool, and the molten pool monitoring device adopts a temperature information acquisition device to monitor and obtain temperature gradient information of the molten pool. The temperature information acquisition device is an infrared imager.
Preferably, the initial additive control parameters comprise a bath shape control parameter to be revised according to a shape parameter, and the initial additive control parameters comprise a bath melting control parameter to be revised according to temperature gradient information.
Preferably, the molten pool shape control parameter and the molten pool melting control parameter each include: the power parameter of the laser light source power, the focus parameter for controlling the focus position of the laser light source, the stop time parameter for controlling the stay time of the printing head 4, the speed parameter for controlling the moving speed of the printing head 4, the powder feeding quantity parameter for controlling the powder feeding quantity of the powder feeding device, the powder feeding speed parameter for controlling the powder feeding speed of the powder feeding device and the atmosphere parameter for controlling the atmosphere environment.
Preferably, the device also comprises a part parameter acquisition device and a material reducing operation part in the protective atmosphere of the additive operation environment,
subtract material operation portion includes: a material reducing robot 1, a material reducing machining head 6,
subtract material robot 1: the material reducing robot is used for driving the material reducing robot 1 to drive the material reducing machining head 6 to perform three-dimensional movement material reducing printing operation under the control of the control system;
part parameter acquisition device: the device is used for monitoring and obtaining a dimension parameter or/and a temperature parameter or/and a thermal stress parameter of a finished additive processing part;
the control system comprises: and the device is used for revising the initial material reducing control parameters according to the size parameters or/and the temperature parameters or/and the thermal stress parameters obtained by the part parameter obtaining device and then sending the revised material reducing control parameters to the material reducing robot 1 and the material reducing machining head 6.
Similarly, based on the above principle, we can see that the material reducing part and the material increasing part are placed in the same system and in the same atmosphere environment, because the material increasing manufacturing and forming process of the part needs to be performed in the atmosphere environment with extremely low oxygen and water contents, the phenomena of influencing the mechanical property of the part and preventing printing defects and the like caused by metal oxidation are inhibited, the atmosphere protection subsystem provides an atmosphere environment filled with inert gas for the forming process, and meanwhile, because the material increasing manufacturing utilizes synchronous feedback parameters to influence control parameters, the purpose of correcting technical defects in real time is achieved, so physical parameters of blank parts manufactured by material increasing can be completely and directly used for material reducing manufacturing, other redundant processing in the middle is not needed, and the purpose of realizing synchronous feedback material increasing and decreasing cooperative manufacturing by two robots is achieved. The invention can obviously reduce the process flow, heat treatment and processing equipment and the floor area of the equipment; the material increase and decrease are carried out synchronously, feedback is carried out, parts meeting the use requirements can be directly processed, or better semi-finished products are provided, the production efficiency of products is improved, and the production operation cost is reduced.
Preferably, the part parameter acquiring device monitors and acquires the size parameter of the part subjected to additive processing by using the three-dimensional scanner 3, the part parameter acquiring device monitors and acquires the temperature parameter of the part subjected to additive processing by using the temperature information acquiring device, and the part parameter acquiring device monitors and acquires the thermal stress parameter of the part subjected to additive processing by using the thermal stress acquiring device.
Preferably, the initial material reduction control parameters include: and any one of a rotating speed control parameter for controlling the rotating speed of the material reducing machining head 6 and a track control parameter for controlling the motion track of the material reducing robot 1.
Preferably, the method for using the material addition and reduction cooperative manufacturing system based on the synchronous feedback comprises the following steps:
step A, processing a process file: converting the model data of the manufactured part into initial control parameters which can be identified by a control system;
step B, atmosphere setting: the control system controls the starting atmosphere system;
step C, additive manufacturing: the control system starts the powder feeding device, the laser light source, the printing head and the additive robot to start additive manufacturing according to initial additive control parameters in the initial control parameters, shape parameters or/and temperature gradient information is obtained through the molten pool monitoring device in the manufacturing process, the control system controls the laser light source, the powder feeding device, the additive robot 2 and the printing head 4 to continue additive manufacturing under the revised additive control parameters after revising the initial additive control parameters in real time according to the shape parameters or/and the temperature gradient information, and meanwhile, the part parameter obtaining device obtains the size parameters of the formed additive processed parts in real time and feeds the numerical value back to the control system for material reduction manufacturing according to a certain time sequence;
step D, zeroing: after the additive manufacturing is finished, returning the additive operation part to a zero position, comparing the received size parameter with the size in the initial control parameter by adopting a control system, and re-formulating the initial material reduction control parameter according to the comparison result;
step E, material reduction manufacturing: the control system starts the material reducing robot 1 and the material reducing machining head 6 to start material reducing manufacturing according to the initial material reducing control parameters, obtains the size parameters or/and the temperature parameters or/and the thermal stress parameters in real time through the part parameter obtaining device in the manufacturing process, synchronously corrects the initial material reducing control parameters, and continuously controls the material reducing robot 1 and the material reducing machining head 6 to continue the material reducing manufacturing under the corrected initial material reducing control parameters.
The step A, the specific steps of processing the process file are as follows: the method comprises the steps of obtaining CAD model data of manufactured parts, carrying out slicing layering processing on the CAD model, planning and setting a path, setting process parameters according to the path and material parameters, converting the process parameters and a motion control program into G codes which can be recognized by a system and are used for machining of a machine tool, and converting the G codes into control languages corresponding to a control system.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A synchronous feedback material increase and decrease cooperative manufacturing system is characterized by comprising an atmosphere protection system, a control system, a material increase operation part, a molten pool monitoring device, a part parameter acquisition device and a material decrease operation part in the protective atmosphere of a material increase operation environment;
the material increase operation portion includes: the device comprises a material increase robot (2), a printing head (4), a laser light source and a powder feeding device;
a laser light source: for delivering a laser beam to the print head (4) under the control of the control system;
powder feeding device: for feeding the printing material to the printing head (4) under the control of the control system;
print head (4): the laser powder coupling device is used for forming a molten pool on a working surface when the laser beam and the printing material are obtained;
additive robot (2): the printing head (4) is driven to perform three-dimensional motion additive printing operation under the control of the control system;
molten pool monitoring device: the information for monitoring and obtaining the shape parameters or/and the temperature gradient of the molten pool is sent to a control system,
in additive manufacturing, the control system: the laser powder feeding device is used for revising the initial additive control parameters according to the shape parameters or/and the temperature gradient information and then sending the revised additive control parameters to the laser light source, the powder feeding device, the additive robot (2) and the printing head (4);
atmosphere protection system: the additive material processing system is used for forming a protective atmosphere for the additive material processing environment under the control of the control system;
subtract material operation portion includes: a material reducing robot (1), a material reducing machining head (6),
material reduction robot (1): the material reducing robot is used for driving the material reducing robot (1) to drive the material reducing machining head (6) to perform three-dimensional movement material reducing operation under the control of the control system;
part parameter acquisition device: the device is used for acquiring the dimensional parameters of the formed part subjected to additive processing in real time and using the numerical feedback control system for material reduction manufacturing according to a certain time sequence; monitoring to obtain a size parameter, a temperature parameter and a thermal stress parameter of the part subjected to additive processing;
in the material reduction manufacturing, the control system: the device is used for revising the initial material reducing control parameters according to the size parameters, the temperature parameters and the thermal stress parameters obtained by the part parameter obtaining device and then sending the revised material reducing control parameters to the material reducing robot (1) and the material reducing machining head (6).
2. The synchronous feedback additive and subtractive collaborative manufacturing system according to claim 1,
the molten pool monitoring device adopts a three-dimensional scanner (3) to monitor and obtain the shape parameters of the molten pool, and adopts a temperature information acquisition device to monitor and obtain the temperature gradient information of the molten pool.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the initial additive control parameters comprise bath shape control parameters to be modified based on shape parameters, and the initial additive control parameters comprise bath melting control parameters to be modified based on temperature gradient information.
4. The synchronous feedback additive and subtractive collaborative manufacturing system according to claim 3, wherein said molten pool shape control parameter and said molten pool melting control parameter each comprise: the power parameter of the laser light source power, the focus position parameter for controlling the focus of the laser light source, the stop time parameter for controlling the stay time of the printing head (4), the speed parameter for controlling the moving speed of the printing head (4), the powder feeding quantity parameter for controlling the powder feeding quantity of the powder feeding device, the powder feeding speed parameter for controlling the powder feeding speed of the powder feeding device and the atmosphere parameter for controlling the atmosphere environment.
5. The synchronous feedback additive and subtractive material cooperative manufacturing system according to claim 4, wherein the part parameter acquiring device is used for monitoring and acquiring the dimensional parameters of the parts subjected to additive processing by using the three-dimensional scanner (3), the part parameter acquiring device is used for monitoring and acquiring the temperature parameters of the parts subjected to additive processing by using the temperature information acquiring device, and the part parameter acquiring device is used for monitoring and acquiring the thermal stress parameters of the parts subjected to additive processing by using the thermal stress acquiring device.
6. The synchronous feedback additive and subtractive collaborative manufacturing system according to claim 4, wherein said initial subtractive control parameters comprise: the rotating speed control parameter for controlling the rotating speed of the material reducing machining head (6) and the track control parameter for controlling the motion track of the material reducing robot (1) are any one.
7. The use method of the synchronous feedback material increase and decrease cooperative manufacturing system based on any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, processing a process file: converting the model data of the manufactured part into initial control parameters which can be identified by a control system;
step B, atmosphere setting: the control system controls the starting atmosphere system;
step C, additive manufacturing: the control system starts the powder feeding device, the laser light source, the printing head and the additive robot to start additive manufacturing according to initial additive control parameters in the initial control parameters, shape parameters or/and temperature gradient information is obtained through the molten pool monitoring device in the manufacturing process, after the control system revises the initial additive control parameters in real time according to the shape parameters or/and the temperature gradient information, the laser light source, the powder feeding device, the additive robot (2) and the printing head (4) are controlled to continue additive manufacturing under the revised additive control parameters, and meanwhile, the part parameter obtaining device obtains the size parameters of the formed parts which are subjected to additive processing in real time and feeds the numerical value back to the control system for the additive manufacturing according to a certain time sequence;
step D, zeroing: after the additive manufacturing is finished, returning the additive operation part to a zero position, comparing the received size parameter with the size in the initial control parameter by adopting a control system, and re-formulating the initial material reduction control parameter according to the comparison result;
step E, material reduction manufacturing: the control system starts the material reducing robot (1) and the material reducing machining head (6) to start material reducing manufacturing according to the initial material reducing control parameters, obtains the size parameters, the temperature parameters and the thermal stress parameters in real time through the part parameter obtaining device in the manufacturing process, synchronously corrects the initial material reducing control parameters, and continuously controls the material reducing robot (1) and the material reducing machining head (6) to continuously perform material reducing manufacturing under the corrected initial material reducing control parameters.
8. The use method of claim 7, wherein the specific steps of the step A and the process file processing are as follows: the method comprises the steps of obtaining CAD model data of manufactured parts, carrying out slicing layering processing on the CAD model, planning and setting a path, setting process parameters according to the path and material parameters, converting the process parameters and a motion control program into G codes which can be recognized by a system and are used for machining of a machine tool, and converting the G codes into control languages corresponding to a control system.
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