CN106735210A - A kind of control system and control method for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment - Google Patents
A kind of control system and control method for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106735210A CN106735210A CN201611159623.9A CN201611159623A CN106735210A CN 106735210 A CN106735210 A CN 106735210A CN 201611159623 A CN201611159623 A CN 201611159623A CN 106735210 A CN106735210 A CN 106735210A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/53—Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control system and control method for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment, wherein control system includes controller, image collecting device and image processor, and image collecting device is used to obtain the crater image formed under laser effect through nozzle discharging;Image processor is processed crater image and is obtained pool width;Controller is compared according to the pool width that processor is obtained with the pool width of setting, when pool width of the pool width more than setting that image processor is obtained, then reduces the power of laser;When pool width of the pool width less than setting that image processor is obtained, then increase the power of laser, setting pool width can not be still met when the power of laser is adjusted to power limit, then increase the powder sending quantity of powder feeding mechanism.Compared with prior art, the present invention is effective avoids in forming process because the influence of external factor causes the phenomenon of the change of pool size and then the change of the overlapping rate for causing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the material increasing field in laser technology field.It is specifically that one kind is used for increasing material manufacturing equipment
Control system and control method.
Background technology
Existing metal 3D printing technique mainly has metal dust 3D printing technique, metal to send according to the difference of feeding form
Silk 3D printing technique.And metal dust 3D printing technique is subdivided into powder feeding formula metal 3D printing technique and powdering formula metal 3D
Printing technique.Compared to powder feeding formula metal 3D printing technique, powdering formula metal 3D printing technique is more ripe, and small lot is used
In the manufacturing of automobile, aviation and die industry.The maturation of powdering formula metal 3D printing technique has benefited from production technology
It is ripe, it can be seen that following breach of powder feeding formula metal 3D printing technique is more prone to the breakthrough of production technology.
Because powder feeding formula metal 3D printing technique production process is complicated, forming parts influencing factors of quality is numerous, each influence
Agents control is relatively difficult, therefore the control of the production technology of the technology rests on opened loop control at this stage more.Using sending
During powder formula metal 3D printing technique forming part, because molding time is more long, cause the technological parameter of setting with ring
The change of border and time and change, it is bad existing thus to cause that forming part material property is relatively low, piece surface pattern is coarse etc.
As.Comprehensive analysis powder feeding formula metal 3D printing technique forming process, it is known that use powder feeding formula metal 3D printing equipment forming part
During cladding width(Hereinafter referred to as " molten wide ", in the case that molten bath is not overflowed, molten wide is identical with pool size size)
Change will cause setting overlapping rate(Cladding width is big when the size of lap occupies single-channel scanning between adjacent scanning road
Small ratio)Change, cause to occur overlapping the phenomenon such as bad between hole, Dao Yu roads inside forming part.Shaping is caused indirectly
The defect such as part mechanical property is low.
And more than existing Technical Solving using post processing by the way of eliminate forming parts during processing parameter
The harmful effect that change brings.But not only increase the manufacturing cost of enterprise by the way of post processing, while so that product
Production qualification rate cannot get effective guarantee, therefore being badly in need of a kind of mode can effectively control processing parameter being molded
It is maintained in journey within the scope of setting.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are directed to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and during a kind of forming process is provided
Overlap joint is good to make shaped article have the control system and controlling party for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment for stablizing mechanical property
Method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of control system for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment, the increasing material manufacturing equipment includes powder feeding mechanism, laser
And powder-feeding nozzle, it is characterised in that:The control system includes controller, image collecting device and image processor, institute
State image collecting device for obtain through nozzle discharging the laser effect under formation crater image;Described image treatment
Device is processed the crater image that described image harvester is gathered and is obtained pool width;The controller is according to the place
The pool width that reason device is obtained is compared with the pool width of setting, when the pool width that image processor is obtained is more than setting
Pool width, then reduce the power of the laser;When the pool width that image processor is obtained is wide less than the molten bath of setting
Degree, then increase the power of the laser, and setting pool width can not be still met when the power of laser is adjusted to power limit,
Then increase the powder sending quantity of the powder feeding mechanism.
The controller includes comparison module, memory module and control module, and the memory module storage is described same
The data of the corresponding pool width of difference overlapping rate under the laser facula of size(Correspondence formula:λ=D/W, wherein, λ is overlap joint
Rate, D is the size of lap between two scanning roads under same process parameter, and W is that single track molten bath is wide under same technological parameter
Degree), and under an equal amount of laser facula different laser powers and the corresponding pool size of powder sending quantity data;The ratio
It is used to compare the pool width that the pool width and memory module of the acquisition of described image processing module are stored compared with module;The control
Under an equal amount of laser facula that device is stored according to the comparative result and memory module of comparison module different laser powers and
The data of the corresponding pool size of powder sending quantity, control the power output of the laser and the powder sending quantity of powder feeding mechanism.
Described image processor is made an uproar processing module and picture recognition module including worry, and the worry makes an uproar processing module to described
The crater image that image collecting device is obtained carries out worry and makes an uproar treatment;Described image identification module is carried out according to the image for considering treatment of making an uproar
Identification obtains pool width.
Described image harvester is photographing module.
The photographing module is protected with filter, and photographing module is arranged on powder-feeding nozzle and carries out monitor in real time.
The controller is industrial control computer.
A kind of control method for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step one, in real time crater image of the acquisition laser action on workpiece;
Step 2, the crater image to step one acquisition process and obtain real-time pool width;
Step 3, the pool width for obtaining step 2 are compared with the pool width of setting, are adjusted first according to comparative result
The power output of whole laser, if not meeting setting pool width also, adjusts the powder sending quantity of printhead.
The specific method of the step 3 is:The current pool width that step 2 is obtained is corresponding with setting overlapping rate molten
Wide degree asks poor, when difference is negative, is currently sent according to the data acquisition that pool width is related to laser power and powder sending quantity
Power limit under powder amount;If present laser power is less than power limit, increase present laser power is until current molten bath chi
The corresponding pool width of the very little overlapping rate for reaching setting;The power if laser power reaches capacity, increase powder sending quantity is worked as to increase
Preceding pool size;When difference is timing, reduce present laser power, until current pool width reaches the overlapping rate pair of setting
The pool width answered.
By a large amount of technological experiments, set up same in different metal material forming process in powder feeding formula metal increases material manufacturing technology
The database of different overlapping rates corresponding pool size is set under the laser facula of sample size, and is fitted to corresponding curve (such as
Shown in Fig. 1).
By a large amount of technological experiments, set up same in different metal material forming process in powder feeding formula metal increases material manufacturing technology
Different powder feedings under the corresponding pool size database of different laser power and same laser power under the laser facula of sample size
Corresponding cladding width data storehouse is measured, and is fitted to corresponding curve(As shown in Figure 2,3).
Photographing module with filter protection is installed on the powder-feeding nozzle of powder feeding formula metal increasing material manufacturing equipment, in real time will
The video of collection passes through industrial control computer of the data line transfer to powder feeding formula metal increasing material manufacturing coordinative composition of equipments.Industry Control
After computer receives data, the image to gathering is identified, and calculates the size in current molten bath.And the molten bath that will be calculated
Size molten bath size corresponding with the overlapping rate of setting is compared.
When the absolute difference of " pool size for calculating " and the overlapping rate of setting " corresponding pool size " is beyond setting
Threshold value when, then change the big of current molten bath by way of size preferential regulation laser power, secondly regulation powder sending quantity
It is small.
Compared with prior art, the present invention realizes pool size in powder feeding formula metal increases material manufacturing technology process
Closed-loop control, can effectively avoid in forming process because the influence of external factor causes the change of pool size and then draws
The phenomenon of the change of the overlapping rate for rising.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the curve synoptic diagram of overlapping rate and molten wide.
Fig. 2 is the curve synoptic diagram of pool width and laser power.
Fig. 3 is the curve synoptic diagram of molten wide and powder sending quantity.
Fig. 4 is the workflow diagram of the control system.
Fig. 5 is that control system of the present invention and powder feeding are metal 3D printing equipment connection diagrams.
Wherein, 1 is industrial control computer, and 2 is data wire, and 3 is powder-feeding nozzle, and 4 is photographing module, and 5 is reflective mirror, 6
It is laser beam, 7 is forming part, and 8 is workbench, and 11 is image processor, and 12 is memory module, and 13 is comparison module, 14
It is control module, 15 is Laser Control System.
Specific embodiment
Specific implementation process is further elaborated with reference to Fig. 4, Fig. 5:
Fig. 4 show the control system workflow diagram.A kind of control system for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment of the invention,
Can be widely applied in such as 3D laser printing increasing material manufacturing equipment, industrial control computer 1, photographing module 4, figure are included in figure
As processor 11, memory module 12, comparison module 13, Laser Control System 15.Fig. 5 show the hard of the closed-loop control system
Part structural representation, comprising industrial control computer 1, data wire 2, powder-feeding nozzle 3, photographing module 4, reflective mirror 5, laser beam
6, forming part 7, workbench 8.
As shown in figure 5, equipped with reflective mirror 5 and photographing module 4 inside powder-feeding nozzle 3, molten bath scene is led in process
Image is reflexed to photographing module 4 by the reflective mirror 5 crossed inside powder-feeding nozzle 3(Such as the reflection schematic diagram that dotted line in Fig. 5 is represented).Take the photograph
As the crater image of collection is sent to industrial control computer 1 by module 4 by data wire 2.As shown in figure 4, Industry Control meter
Calculation machine 1(Controller)The image processor 11 that the crater image data of receiving transfer to inside is processed, image processor 11 is docked
The view data received carries out worry and makes an uproar treatment, and carries out image recognition, calculates the size in current molten bath, then returns sized data
Back to industrial control computer 1.
Industrial control computer 1 reads the corresponding molten wide of setting overlapping rate from the database in memory module 12.Then
The molten wide value of reading is sent jointly into comparison module 13 with the size value in the current molten bath for calculating.13 pairs of receiving of comparison module
Two different numerals ask poor, and difference is passed into industrial control computer 1.
The difference of receiving is sent to control module 14 by industrial control computer 1, and the difference of 14 pairs of receiving of control module is entered
Row treatment.When difference is negative, then understand that the size in current molten bath is less than normal, then inquire about storing by industrial control computer 1
The pool size of the storage database related to laser power and powder sending quantity obtains the limit work(under current powder sending quantity in module 12
Rate(Note:When powder sending quantity is constant, the size in molten bath is then gradually stablized as the increase of laser power can first increase, and after stabilization
Laser power be power limit).If present laser power is less than power limit, increased by Laser Control System 15
Present laser power is until the size of the corresponding molten wide of overlapping rate that current pool size reaches setting.If laser power reaches pole
Limit power, then increase powder sending quantity to increase current pool size by Laser Control System 15.When difference is timing, it is known that
The size in current molten bath is bigger than normal, only need to reduce present laser power, until current pool size reaches the overlapping rate of setting
The size of corresponding molten wide.
Fig. 1 is the curve synoptic diagram of overlapping rate and molten wide, and abscissa is W(Pool width), ordinate is λ(Overlapping rate),
Understand with the increase of pool width, overlapping rate is tapered into.Fig. 2 is pool width(W)With laser power(P)Curve show
It is intended to.Origin is to the part between dotted line in Fig. 2, there is the powder that laser power still can not be completely in cladding molten bath, therefore molten wide
Increase with the increase of laser power;After dotted line, laser power can completely melt the powder in molten bath, and emergent power
Redundancy phenomena, therefore molten wide tends towards stability.Now, dotted line position is taken for power limit value.
Fig. 3 is pool width(W)With the curve synoptic diagram of powder sending quantity (Q).When the timing of laser power one, coordinate is former in Fig. 3
O'clock between first dotted line because the powder in feeding molten bath can be fully immersed into molten bath, therefore the part molten wide and molten bath
Width equally keeps constant;Between first dotted line and second dotted line, with the increase of powder sending quantity, the powder of feeding can be by
The energy of laser input melts, and the size in molten bath due to laser power it is constant after will not change therewith, therefore the metal having more
Solution overflows molten bath, ultimately results in molten wide increase;Second dotted line to X-coordinate axle positive infinity, due to send into metal
The amount of powder that powder can melt beyond laser input energy, therefore the part can tend to the increasing of powder sending quantity, molten wide
Stabilization.
Using in powder feeding formula metal 3D printing technique forming process, the image in continuous collecting molten bath and to laser power with
Powder sending quantity is adjusted, and reaches the closed-loop control in forming process.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of control system for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment, the increasing material manufacturing equipment includes powder feeding mechanism, laser
Device and powder-feeding nozzle, it is characterised in that:The control system includes controller, image collecting device and image processor,
Described image harvester is used to obtain the crater image formed under laser effect through nozzle discharging;At described image
Reason device is processed the crater image that described image harvester is gathered and is obtained pool width;The controller is according to
The pool width that processor is obtained is compared with the pool width of setting, is set when the pool width that image processor is obtained is more than
Fixed pool width, then reduce the power of the laser;When molten bath of the pool width less than setting that image processor is obtained
Width, then increase the power of the laser, when the power of laser be adjusted to power limit can not still meet setting molten bath it is wide
Degree, then increase the powder sending quantity of the powder feeding mechanism.
2. the control system for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The control
Device includes comparison module, memory module and control module, and the memory module is stored under an equal amount of laser facula
Different laser powers and powder sending quantity pair under the data and an equal amount of laser facula of the corresponding pool width of different overlapping rates
The data of the pool size answered;The comparison module is used to compare the pool width and storage mould of described image processing module acquisition
The pool width of block storage;The controller according to the comparative result and memory module of comparison module store it is an equal amount of swash
The data of different laser powers and the corresponding pool size of powder sending quantity under light hot spot, control the laser power output and
The powder sending quantity of powder feeding mechanism.
3. the control system for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:It is onesize
Laser facula under different overlapping rates be with the corresponding relation of pool width:λ=D/W, λ are overlapping rate, D is same process parameter
The size of lap, W are single track pool width under same technological parameter between lower two scanning roads.
4. the control system for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Described image
Processor is made an uproar processing module and picture recognition module including worry, and worry processing module of making an uproar is obtained to described image harvester
Crater image carry out worry and make an uproar treatment;Described image identification module is identified obtaining molten bath wide according to the image for considering treatment of making an uproar
Degree.
5. the control system for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 1,2,3 or 4, it is characterised in that:
Described image harvester is photographing module.
6. the control system for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The shooting
Module is protected with filter, and photographing module is arranged on powder-feeding nozzle and carries out monitor in real time.
7. the control system for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 1,2,3 or 4, it is characterised in that:
The controller is industrial control computer.
8. a kind of control method for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step one, in real time crater image of the acquisition laser action on workpiece;
Step 2, the crater image to step one acquisition process and obtain real-time pool width;
Step 3, the pool width for obtaining step 2 are compared with the pool width of setting, are adjusted first according to comparative result
The power output of whole laser, if not meeting setting pool width also, adjusts the powder sending quantity of printhead.
9. the control method for powder feeding formula increasing material manufacturing equipment according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:The step
Three specific method is:The current pool width that step 2 is obtained molten wide width corresponding with setting overlapping rate asks poor, is on duty
It is worth during for negative, according to the limit work(under the pool width current powder sending quantity of the data acquisition related to laser power and powder sending quantity
Rate;If present laser power is less than power limit, increase present laser power reaches taking for setting until current pool size
Connect the corresponding pool width of rate;The power if laser power reaches capacity, increases powder sending quantity to increase current pool size;When
Difference is timing, reduces present laser power, until the corresponding pool width of overlapping rate that current pool width reaches setting.
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CN107999753A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-08 | 中国兵器装备集团自动化研究所 | A kind of synchronous feedback increase and decrease material Collaborative Manufacturing System and its application method |
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CN111151748A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 江苏亚威创科源激光装备有限公司 | On-line monitoring method for manufacturing ceramic-containing reinforced phase composite material by using laser additive |
CN114326326A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 深圳市先地图像科技有限公司 | Power control method and system for laser direct imaging equipment and related equipment |
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