CN107998395A - 一种双功能乳腺靶标及制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种双功能乳腺靶标,为含有纳米医用光敏剂和纳米金属粒子的高分子复合材料制成的粒状物,其中,高分子聚合材料为带有聚乙二醇嵌段的高分子材料;纳米医用光敏剂为受激发后发射光谱在400‑1000nm之间的染料;这种乳腺靶标属于生物材料,对人体副作用较小,避免对使用者产生二次伤害;另外这种乳腺靶标能够对位置较深,肿块较小或低回声肿块产生反应,帮助医生快速判断乳腺病变位置,缩短手术时间,提高效率和准确率;另外将光敏剂附着在靶标上,能够近距离作用在病变位置,作用范围精准。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医用材料领域,尤其是涉及一种双功能乳腺靶标及制备方法。
背景技术
乳腺癌的早期诊断和早期治疗是降低死亡率的关健,特别是早期诊断更是“重中之重”。然而传统的诊断主要以触诊为主,那些由于部位深在、肿块过小或低回声肿块等原因造成的隐匿性乳腺癌很难通过触诊发现,从而影响了乳腺癌的治疗和预后效果。
随着影像学技术的进步,利用高频超声和核磁方法完全能够及早发现乳腺肿瘤,但是肿瘤的良恶变程度仍需要通过病理学检查来确定,外科医生常会遇到一些临床触诊阴性,但超声下发现乳腺肿块或钼靶片有异常的病例,有时一个病例超声检查可发现多个病灶。如何处理被检出的病灶,哪些需要手术活检,哪些需要继续随访观察,使检出的恶性或癌前病变得到及时处理,又使良性病变者免于不必要的手术是临床医生急待解决的问题。由于肿块无法触及,造成漏诊、误诊的可能性增加,对后期手术也带来极大的困难,如肿块难以定位、寻找;手术时间可能较长;切除不全或者盲目地切除更多肿块周边的组织,造成不必要的损伤等等。
近年来,随着数字三维立体定位穿刺活检系统的应用和光动力治疗技术的提升,定位留置导丝活检术在乳腺癌早期发现、明确诊断以及光动力治疗中具有重要价值。准确的穿刺定位技术可引导外科活检,复合材料在体内组织液的作用下溶胀形成凝胶,并填充组织取样留下的残腔,确保金属可被声/光探测,同时利用光动力手段达到对埋置点进行治疗。
然而,目前市售为导丝类产品,均需后期手术取出,不能留置体内,特别是对一些不易手术的患者无法起到作用,减少手术痛苦,改善治疗条件,将成为乳腺癌的诊断治疗的主要手段。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种双功能乳腺靶标及制备方法。
本发明采用的技术方案是:一种双功能乳腺靶标,为含有纳米医用光敏剂和纳米金属粒子的高分子复合材料制成的粒状物。
优选地,纳米医用光敏剂为受激发后发射光谱在400-1000nm之间的染料;
优选地,纳米医用光敏剂为甲川类花菁染料、香豆素染料、活性胺染料、酞菁类染料中的一种。
优选地,高分子聚合材料为带有聚乙二醇嵌段的高分子材料;
优选地,高分子聚合材料重均分子量为8000-50000D。
优选地,纳米金属粒子为钛、锆、铁、金、银和铜中的一种。
优选地,粒状物具体为纺锤形短棒;
优选地,为0.5-1cm×Φ0.2-0.4mm的纺锤形短棒。
双功能乳腺靶标的制备方法,将纳米医用光敏剂和纳米金属粒子负载在高分子复合材料上制成粒状物形成乳腺靶标。
具体步骤如下:
步骤一:将纳米医用光敏剂加入到甲醇溶液中制成光敏剂纳米浆液;
步骤二:将颗粒状高分子复合材料加入到光敏剂纳米浆液中,再加入羟丙基胍胶进行搅拌,过滤后得到光敏剂包覆颗粒;
步骤三:另取颗粒状高分子复合材料,与光敏剂包覆颗粒和纳米金属粒子混合并进行混炼,混炼后制成粒状物,经过修剪灭菌后即为双功能乳腺靶标。
优选地,光敏剂纳米浆液中纳米医用光敏剂浓度为5-20wt%;
优选地,纳米医用光敏剂浓度为10wt%。
优选地,步骤二中每克颗粒状高分子复合材料加入10-1000ml光敏剂纳米浆液和1-100ml工业羟丙基胍胶。
优选地,步骤三中颗粒状高分子复合材料,光敏剂包覆颗粒和纳米金属粒子按照80-120:5-15:1的质量比混合混炼;
优选地,颗粒状高分子复合材料,光敏剂包覆颗粒和纳米金属粒子混炼质量比为100:10:1。
本发明具有的优点和积极效果是:本方案中的这种乳腺靶标属于生物材料,对人体副作用较小,避免对使用者产生二次伤害;另外这种乳腺靶标能够对位置较深,肿块较小或低回声肿块产生反应,帮助医生快速判断乳腺病变位置,缩短手术时间,提高效率和准确率;另外将光敏剂附着在靶标上,能够近距离作用在病变位置,作用范围精准。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明方案做出说明。
本发明涉及一种双功能乳腺靶标,为含有纳米医用光敏剂和纳米金属粒子的高分子复合材料制成的粒状物。其中,高分子聚合材料采用重均分子量为8000-50000D带有聚乙二醇嵌段的高分子材料;纳米医用光敏剂为受激发后发射光谱在400-1000nm之间的染料,可采用甲川类花菁染料、香豆素染料、活性胺染料、酞菁类染料等多种染料;纳米金属粒子为钛、锆、铁、金、银、铜中的一种,还可以使用不锈钢纳米粒子;将上述成分制成粒状物,方便使用,经过多次试验和测试,制成纺锤形短棒效果更佳,因此最终产物通过模具制成0.5-1cm×Φ0.2-0.4mm的纺锤形短棒状。
这种双功能乳腺靶标的制备方法是将纳米医用光敏剂和纳米金属粒子负载在高分子复合材料上制成粒状物形成乳腺靶标。
具体步骤如下:
步骤一:将纳米医用光敏剂加入到甲醇溶液中制成光敏剂纳米浆液,纳米医用光敏剂浓度为5-20wt%,纳米医用光敏剂加入到甲醇溶液中通过微通道系统分散成纳米浆液,通过微通道系统能够促使纳米浆液更为均匀,保持制成的乳腺靶标中纳米医用光敏剂均匀并保持相对统一的含量使其处于研究范围内最适添加量;
步骤二:将颗粒状高分子复合材料加入到光敏剂纳米浆液中,搅拌均匀后再加入工业羟丙基胍胶进行搅拌,其中工业羟丙基胍胶用于将光敏剂纳米浆液中的纳米光敏剂包覆在高分子复合材料颗粒上,其中添加量为每克颗粒状高分子复合材料加入10-1000ml光敏剂纳米浆液和1-100ml羟丙基胍胶,将混合物充分混匀,搅拌24小时后过滤得到光敏剂包覆颗粒;
步骤三:另取相同的颗粒状高分子复合材料,与光敏剂包覆颗粒和纳米金属粒子混合并进行混炼,其中颗粒状高分子复合材料,光敏剂包覆颗粒和纳米金属粒子按照80-120:5-15:1的质量比混合混炼,混炼后注入模具制成0.5-1cm×Φ0.2-0.4mm的纺锤形短棒状,经过修剪后即为双功能乳腺靶标,分装灭菌后可以使用。
通过这样的方式制备的乳腺靶标属于生物材料,对人体副作用较小,制成纺锤形短棒有利于手术中的使用,避免对使用者产生二次伤害;另外这种乳腺靶标能够对位置较深,肿块较小或低回声肿块产生反应,帮助医生快速判断乳腺病变位置,缩短手术时间,提高效率和准确率;另外将光敏剂附着在靶标上,能够近距离作用在病变位置,具有治疗的作用,并且作用范围精准。
实施例1
将市售405nm吸收的五甲川花菁染料溶于甲醇中,配制成10wt%的溶液,通过微通道系统进行分散,使之成为纳米浆液;取500ml纳米浆液中加入重均分子量为8000D的聚乙二醇和聚乳酸共聚物颗粒1克,再加入羟丙基胍胶2ml,搅拌24hr,过滤后,再加入8000D的聚乙二醇和聚乳酸共聚物颗粒100克和10克纳米金属钛混合好后,一起混炼,注入模具形成0.5cm×Φ0.4mm的纺锤型短棒,修剪后包装灭菌形成乳腺靶标。
实施例2
将市售560nm吸收的活性胺染料溶于甲醇中,配制成5wt%的溶液,通过微通道系统进行分散,使之成为纳米浆液;取200ml浆液中加入重均分子量为30000D的聚乙二醇和聚丙烯酸共聚物颗粒10克,再加入羟丙基胍胶30ml,搅拌24hr,过滤后,再加入30000D的聚乙二醇和聚丙烯酸共聚物颗粒1000克和100克纳米金属锆混合好后,一起混炼,注入模具形成0.8cm×Φ0.3mm的纺锤型短棒,修剪后包装灭菌形成乳腺靶标。
实施例3
将市售665nm吸收的香豆素染料溶于甲醇中,配制成15wt%的溶液,通过微通道系统进行分散,使之成为纳米浆液;取800ml浆液中加入重均分子量为10000D的聚乙二醇和聚乙烯醇共聚物颗粒1.6克,再加入羟丙基胍胶70ml,搅拌24hr,过滤后,再加入10000D的聚乙二醇和聚乙烯醇共聚物颗粒160克和16克纳米不锈钢混合好后,一起混炼,注入模具形成0.8cm×Φ0.2mm的纺锤型短棒,修剪后包装灭菌形成乳腺靶标。
实施例4
将市售775nm吸收的酞菁染料溶于甲醇中,配制成20wt%的溶液,通过微通道系统进行分散,使之成为纳米浆液;取1000ml浆液中加入重均分子量为50000D的聚乙二醇和聚乙烯醇共聚物颗粒1.6克,再加入羟丙基胍胶100ml,搅拌24hr,过滤后,再加入10000D的聚乙二醇和聚乙烯醇共聚物颗粒160克和16克纳米金属银混合好后,一起混炼,注入模具形成1cm×Φ0.2mm的纺锤型短棒,修剪后包装灭菌形成乳腺靶标。
以上对本发明的几个实施例进行了详细说明,但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例,不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等,均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种双功能乳腺靶标,其特征在于:为含有纳米医用光敏剂和纳米金属粒子的高分子复合材料制成的粒状物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双功能乳腺靶标,其特征在于:所述纳米医用光敏剂为受激发后发射光谱在400-1000nm之间的染料;
优选地,所述纳米医用光敏剂为甲川类花菁染料、香豆素染料、活性胺染料、酞菁类染料中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的双功能乳腺靶标,其特征在于:所述高分子聚合材料为带有聚乙二醇嵌段的高分子材料;
优选地,所述高分子聚合材料重均分子量为8000-50000D。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的双功能乳腺靶标,其特征在于:所述纳米金属粒子为钛、锆、铁、金、银和铜中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的双功能乳腺靶标,其特征在于:所述粒状物具体为纺锤形短棒;
优选地,为0.5-1cm×Φ0.2-0.4mm的纺锤形短棒。
6.权利要求1-5中任一所述双功能乳腺靶标的制备方法,其特征在于:将纳米医用光敏剂和纳米金属粒子负载在高分子复合材料上制成粒状物形成乳腺靶标。
7.根据权利要求6所述的双功能乳腺靶标的制备方法,其特征在于:具体步骤如下:
步骤一:将纳米医用光敏剂加入到甲醇溶液中制成光敏剂纳米浆液;
步骤二:将颗粒状高分子复合材料加入到光敏剂纳米浆液中,再加入羟丙基胍胶进行搅拌,过滤后得到光敏剂包覆颗粒;
步骤三:另取颗粒状高分子复合材料,与光敏剂包覆颗粒和纳米金属粒子混合并进行混炼,混炼后制成粒状物,经过修剪灭菌后即为双功能乳腺靶标。
8.根据权利要求7所述的双功能乳腺靶标的制备方法,其特征在于:所述光敏剂纳米浆液中所述纳米医用光敏剂浓度为5-20wt%;
优选地,所述纳米医用光敏剂浓度为10wt%。
9.根据权利要求7所述的双功能乳腺靶标的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤二中每克颗粒状高分子复合材料加入10-1000ml光敏剂纳米浆液和1-100ml工业羟丙基胍胶。
10.根据权利要求7所述的双功能乳腺靶标的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤三中颗粒状高分子复合材料,光敏剂包覆颗粒和纳米金属粒子按照80-120:5-15:1的质量比混合混炼;
优选地,颗粒状高分子复合材料,光敏剂包覆颗粒和纳米金属粒子混炼质量比为100:10:1。
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