CN107996634B - Method for preventing and controlling gray tea leaf miner by using plant essential oil - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling gray tea leaf miner by using plant essential oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN107996634B CN107996634B CN201810014185.XA CN201810014185A CN107996634B CN 107996634 B CN107996634 B CN 107996634B CN 201810014185 A CN201810014185 A CN 201810014185A CN 107996634 B CN107996634 B CN 107996634B
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- essential oil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/06—Coniferophyta [gymnosperms], e.g. cypress
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/22—Lamiaceae or Labiatae [Mint family], e.g. thyme, rosemary, skullcap, selfheal, lavender, perilla, pennyroyal, peppermint or spearmint
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling gray tea leaf miner by using plant essential oil. The plant essential oil is volatile secondary metabolite extracted from tissues of flowers, leaves, fruits, rhizomes and the like of plants, has good inhibition effects on repelling pests, contact killing, stomach toxicity and the like, and can be used as a natural plant pesticide. After the garlic essential oil, the cedar essential oil, the mint essential oil and the pepper essential oil are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5: 2: 1, the mixture is diluted by 100-750 times and uniformly sprayed on tea tree leaves in the outbreak period of 1-3 instars of the larvae of the Gray tea leaf moths, the damage can be controlled after 1 day of application, and the control effect can reach more than 95% after 7 days. The sex pheromone trapper for the gypsophila griseola is adopted to monitor the occurrence rule, and the medicine is sprayed in time after the spring tea, so that the medicine taking times in the same year can be obviously reduced. The method has no pollution to the environment, conforms to the principle of green prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests, is simple and convenient to operate, has good quick-acting performance, and can be popularized and applied in tea production areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tea tree pest control, and particularly relates to a novel method for controlling gray tea leaf rollers by using plant essential oil.
Background
The tea leaf rollers (Ectropisgragesens Warren, 1894) belong to Lepidoptera (Lepidotera) family (Geometriae) family (Ennominae) subfamily (Ennominae) Eimeria (Ectropis), are a leaf-eating pest with serious harm in the tea garden of China, mainly take the leaves with larvae, can eat tea trees into bald branches when the occurrence of serious diseases, have great influence on the yield, quality and vigor of the tea trees, and are particularly serious in the summer and autumn tea period. The griseofulvin moths are mainly distributed in Fujian, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Henan, Guangxi, Jiangsu and the like, almost cover all tea-producing provinces in China, seriously threaten the safety production of tea, and how to effectively prevent and control the pests becomes a prominent problem in tea production.
In the aspect of preventing and controlling the griseofulva moth, the method comprises chemical prevention and control, biological prevention and control, agricultural prevention and control, physical prevention and control and the like, wherein the chemical prevention and control still remains the method mainly adopted in the current production due to the characteristics of direct action, simple and convenient operation, economy, high efficiency and the like, but a great deal of negative effects such as overproof finished product tea pesticide residues, drug resistance of pests and the like are easy to occur when a great amount of pesticide is sprayed in a tea garden.
The plant essential oil is volatile secondary metabolite extracted from tissues of flowers, leaves, fruits, rhizomes and the like of plants, and has good inhibition effects of repelling pests, killing pests, stomach toxicity and the like. The plant essential oil serving as the natural pesticide for the gypsy moth has the advantages of difficult generation of drug resistance, high safety, easy degradation in the environment and the like compared with chemical pesticides, and has better quick-acting property compared with common environment-friendly control methods such as light trapping, microbial source pesticide control, pheromone regulation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a novel method for preventing and controlling the gray tea leaf rollers by using plant essential oil, so that the green prevention and control efficiency of the gray tea leaf rollers is improved, the pesticide residue of finished tea is reduced, the ecological environment of a tea garden is protected, and the quality safety of tea is improved.
The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling the gray tea leaf miner, which is simple to operate, high in efficiency and low in cost. The method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing plant essential oil solution with certain concentration according to a certain proportion;
(2) the spraying agent is uniformly sprayed on tea trees in the outbreak period of 1-3 instars of the larvae of the lima tea moths.
In the step (1), the plant essential oil is prepared by adopting a steam distillation method, wherein the mass concentrations of the garlic essential oil, the cedar essential oil and the mint essential oil are respectively 50%, 99% and 80%, the capsicum essential oil contains 10 degrees of capsaicin, and the garlic essential oil, the cedar essential oil, the mint essential oil and the capsicum essential oil are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5: 2: 1 to obtain a plant essential oil solution;
in the step (2), the plant essential oil is prepared and used immediately according to the proportion, and is diluted by 100-750 times before spraying.
The novel method for preventing and controlling the gray tea leaf miner by the plant essential oil has the following advantages:
(1) the quick action is good, and the harm can be controlled after 1 d.
(2) The control effect is good, the control effect can reach more than 95% in 7 days, the occurrence rule is monitored by combining the adoption of the sex pheromone trapper for the gypsy moths, and the medicine is sprayed in time after the tea is drunk in spring, so that the medicine taking times in the current year can be obviously reduced.
(3) The plant essential oil is volatile secondary metabolites extracted from plants by adopting a steam distillation method, has no pollution to the ecological environment, conforms to the green prevention and control principle of plant diseases and insect pests, can be used in ecological and organic tea gardens, and has higher ecological and social benefits.
Detailed Description
Test example 1: (indoor toxicity assay)
The test was carried out by the "blade dipping method". The treatment liquid is 500 times liquid of plant essential oil (garlic essential oil: cedar essential oil: mint essential oil: pepper essential oil: 5: 2: 1), 250 times liquid of garlic essential oil, 250 times liquid of cedar essential oil, 250 times liquid of mint essential oil, 250 times liquid of pepper essential oil and 500 times liquid of garlic essential oil, the contrast agent is 3000 times liquid of chlorfenapyr suspending agent 240g/L, clear water is set as a blank contrast, fresh tea shoots are immersed in each treatment liquid for 5s, after the liquid medicine is dried, the tea shoots are placed into a can bottle (500mL) with 20 2-year-old larvae, and the larvae are cultured in an insect culturing room with the culture condition of temperature (26 +/-1) DEG C, relative humidity of about 75% and light period L (illumination) to D (dark) of 14: 10. Counting the number of dead insects for 1 time after 1d, 3d and 7d, calculating the reduction rate of insect population, and correcting the prevention and treatment effect. The experiment was repeated 3 times. The calculation method of the population reduction rate and the correction control effect comprises the following steps:
the oral cavity decline rate (%) (number of live insects before the drug-number of live insects after the drug)/number of live insects before the drug × 100;
the corrected control effect (%) - (oral cavity decline rate in control area ± oral cavity decline rate in blank control area)/(oral cavity decline rate in 1-blank control area) × 100.
The results are shown in Table 1: the plant essential oil has good quick-acting performance on the Gray tea leaf moth, and the control effect on the Gray tea leaf moth in 1 day after 500 times of liquid mixed essential oil and 250 times of liquid garlic essential oil medicine reaches 100 percent; the prevention effect of the garlic essential oil, the cedar essential oil, the mint essential oil and the pepper essential oil on the lima tea leaf moth is greatly improved after the garlic essential oil, the cedar essential oil, the mint essential oil and the pepper essential oil are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5: 2: 1; although 250 times of liquid garlic essential oil has better control effect on the Gray tea leaf moth, the use amount of half essential oil can be reduced after other essential oil components are added in proportion without influencing the insecticidal effect, thereby greatly reducing the use cost.
TABLE 1 indoor toxicity test results of different plant essential oil species and concentrations to Gray tea leaf moth
Note: the data in the table are mean ± sem. Different lower case letters after the same column of data indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 levels as tested by Duncan's New Complex Pole Difference.
Test example 2: (test for control in the field)
When the larvae of the Gray tea leaf Dipper moth in the tea garden are fulminated in the 2-3 instar period in summer, plant essential oil (5: 2: 1) is adopted to dilute the larvae for 500 times and spray, and 3000 times of 240g/L of chlorfenapyr suspending agent is compared with clear water. The experiment was set up with 3 treatments, 3 replicates for a total of 9 cells. Area of each cell is 30m2And the length is 30 m. The cells are randomly arranged, isolation regions are arranged among the cells in the tea rows, protection rows are arranged among the tea rows, and protection regions are arranged around the test site. The number of live insects in each treatment area is investigated by adopting a leaf detection method before application and 1d, 3d and 7d after application, 3 sampling points are selected in each area tea row at equal intervals, the number of the live insects in 100 leaves is counted at each sampling point, and the reduction rate of insect population and the prevention and treatment effect are calculated. The clear water is used as a blank control, and the correction and control effects of the plant essential oil on the Gray tea leaf moth are respectively 56.8 percent, 93.5 percent and 98.1 percent after 1d, 3d and 7d of the plant essential oil are respectively higher than 48.6 percent, 74.8 percent and 86.7 percent of the chlorfenapyr.
Example 1:
when the gray tea leaf moths are exposed in the tea garden in summer, the clear water is uniformly sprayed on the leaves of the tea leaves in the control area according to the dosage per mu, and the survival rates of the gray tea leaf moths are respectively counted to be 100%, 110.5%, 132.7% and 204.8% before and after water spraying respectively, so that the control area is used as a blank control for counting the prevention effect of the gray tea leaf moths. And spraying 500 times of plant essential oil (5: 2: 1) in the treatment area, wherein the amount of the plant essential oil is 1d, 3d and 7d before and after spraying, the number of the insects of the Gray tea Chiba moths is investigated, and the correction control effects of 1d, 3d and 7d after spraying are respectively 61.6%, 88.5% and 96.4%.
Example 2:
5 sex pheromone traps for the Gray tea scalewing moths are uniformly arranged in a tea garden (20 mu) with serious Gray tea scalewing moths in the previous year, the lure cores are replaced periodically, and the generation rule of the Gray tea scalewing moths is monitored. After spring tea collection (4 months and 20 days), 500 times of liquid of plant essential oil (garlic essential oil, cedar essential oil, mint essential oil and pepper essential oil are 5: 2: 1) is uniformly sprayed on the larvae of the Gray tea leaf miner at the 2 th instar stage, 10 points (1 meter tea rows) are randomly sampled, and the statistical control effect average at 1d, 3d and 7d after medicine is respectively 59.3%, 85.6% and 99.1%. And after the current year, no prevention and control measures are carried out on the dust tea leaf miner in the tea garden, and the monitoring result shows that the dust tea leaf miner is harmful and does not exceed the prevention and control index in the current year, so that the chemical prevention and control effect is obviously better than that in the past year.
Example 3:
in the former year, 10 cells are uniformly divided into tea gardens (800 mu) with serious occurrence of the Gray tea leaf moths, 1 Gray tea leaf moth sex pheromone trapper cell is arranged in each cell, the trapping cores are replaced periodically, and the occurrence rule of the Gray tea leaf moths is monitored. After spring tea is picked (5 months and 2-3 days), 500 times of liquid of plant essential oil (garlic essential oil, cedar essential oil, mint essential oil and pepper essential oil which are 5: 2: 1) is uniformly sprayed in the 3 instar of the larvae of the Gray tea leaf miner, 5 points (1 meter tea rows) are randomly sampled in each cell, the statistical control effect is carried out after 1d, 3d and 7d of the larvae are taken, and the control effect of 50 statistical points is respectively 53.9%, 82.4% and 93.2%. And then monitoring the condition that the gray tea leaf miner is harmful, wherein the result shows that the damage of the gray tea leaf miner (2 instars in the larval stage) exceeds the control index only in 9 and 5 days in the current year, and the 2 times of the damage peak in the current year are obviously lower than 3 times of chemical control in the previous year.
The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any equivalent or equivalent to the technical route and scheme of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preventing and controlling the gray tea leaf miner by using plant essential oil is characterized in that a plant essential oil solution is uniformly sprayed on tea trees in the outbreak period of 1-3 instar gray tea leaf miner larvae, wherein the plant essential oil is formed by mixing garlic essential oil, cedar essential oil, mint essential oil and pepper essential oil according to the mass ratio of 5: 2: 1.
2. The method for preventing and controlling the gray tea leaf miner by using the plant essential oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant essential oil is prepared by a steam distillation method.
3. The method for preventing and controlling the gray tea leaf miner by utilizing the plant essential oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass concentrations of the garlic essential oil, the cedar essential oil and the mint essential oil are respectively 50%, 99% and 80%, and the capsicum essential oil contains 10 degrees of capsaicin.
4. The method for preventing and controlling the dust tea leaf miner by using the plant essential oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant essential oil is used as it is in situ according to a proportion, and is diluted by 100-750 times before spraying.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the occurrence rule is monitored by combining a sex pheromone trap of the Gray tea leaf miner, and the Gray tea leaf miner larvae are sprayed in time at 1-2 instars after spring tea, so that the frequency of medicine application in the current year can be obviously reduced.
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101816297A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-01 | 中国计量学院 | Method for trapping, preventing and controlling adults of ectropis obliqua |
| CN103609618A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-03-05 | 桂平市西山茶场 | Tea pollution-free pesticide |
| CN103704068A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2014-04-09 | 福建农林大学 | Tea leaf production technology using various trap crops to cooperatively control insect attack |
| CN103814914A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-28 | 李�杰 | Capsaicin insecticide and its preparation method |
| CN104206441A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-17 | 北京市思达尔化工新技术有限责任公司 | Plant source pesticide |
| CN104396957A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-11 | 山东中大药业有限公司 | Microemulsion for controlling tea-tree tea geometrid |
| CN105145670A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-16 | 金寨县益农农业科技开发有限公司 | Pesticide for preventing and controlling tea diseases and pests |
| CN105410064A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-23 | 安徽省久点农产品开发有限公司 | Botanical insecticide for tea-oil trees |
-
2018
- 2018-01-08 CN CN201810014185.XA patent/CN107996634B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101816297A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-01 | 中国计量学院 | Method for trapping, preventing and controlling adults of ectropis obliqua |
| CN103704068A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2014-04-09 | 福建农林大学 | Tea leaf production technology using various trap crops to cooperatively control insect attack |
| CN103609618A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-03-05 | 桂平市西山茶场 | Tea pollution-free pesticide |
| CN103814914A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-28 | 李�杰 | Capsaicin insecticide and its preparation method |
| CN104206441A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-17 | 北京市思达尔化工新技术有限责任公司 | Plant source pesticide |
| CN104396957A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-11 | 山东中大药业有限公司 | Microemulsion for controlling tea-tree tea geometrid |
| CN105145670A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-16 | 金寨县益农农业科技开发有限公司 | Pesticide for preventing and controlling tea diseases and pests |
| CN105410064A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-23 | 安徽省久点农产品开发有限公司 | Botanical insecticide for tea-oil trees |
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