CN107980368A - A kind of straw covering plot suitable for corn wide-narrow row planting is no-tillage clean area's seeder - Google Patents

A kind of straw covering plot suitable for corn wide-narrow row planting is no-tillage clean area's seeder Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107980368A
CN107980368A CN201711161716.XA CN201711161716A CN107980368A CN 107980368 A CN107980368 A CN 107980368A CN 201711161716 A CN201711161716 A CN 201711161716A CN 107980368 A CN107980368 A CN 107980368A
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China
Prior art keywords
stalk
straw
screw feeder
seeder
discharging port
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CN201711161716.XA
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CN107980368B (en
Inventor
陈有庆
胡志超
吴峰
顾峰玮
王公仆
徐弘博
王伯凯
刘敏基
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Publication of CN107980368A publication Critical patent/CN107980368A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/01Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like specially adapted for being mounted on or drawn by a tractor, e.g. field choppers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/06Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/09Details
    • A01F29/12Discharge means

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the combined seed and fertilizer drill in agricultural machinery, a kind of straw covering plot suitable for corn wide-narrow row planting is no-tillage clean area's seeder, the anterior screw feeder casing (8) that the screw feeder (7) of the straw field pickup mechanism (6) driven by tractor rear power output shaft and rear portion arranged side by side is set and is wrapped in that screw feeder (7) bottom and behind are in arc-shaped in rack (12), the middle part of screw feeder casing (8) offers stalk-discharging port (11), and screw feeder (7) is by two lateral middle push;The fertilizing and seeding apparatus;Forward and backward configuration fertilizer box (3) and plants case (2), in the lower part of fertilizer box (3) configuration fertilizer apparatus (13) and fertilizer shovel (9), in the lower part of plants case (2) configuration land wheel (1) driving feed mechanism for seed (14) and fertilizer apparatus (13), land wheel (1) is to applying fertilizer, after planting suppressing.Earth's surface above stalk is all picked up, crushed by pick-up mechanism, and it is transported among screw feeder and earth's surface is expelled to by stalk-discharging port (11), fall between corn wide row, fertilising, seed opener are operated on the soil of no improving straw mulching, and have higher economy and operating efficiency.

Description

A kind of straw covering plot suitable for corn wide-narrow row planting is no-tillage clean area's seeder
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilising in agricultural machinery, seeder, after crops harvest corn, residual , it is necessary to no-tillage clean area's seeder of wide-narrow row planting corn in stubble stalk farmland before staying.
Background technology
The Northeasts such as Liaoning, Jilin, Heilungkiang maize straw in early October, harvest of general harvest corn time is more It has been dried up that, stalk removal fodder utility value has been significantly reduced relative to Green maize, and maize straw removes artificial and machinery Input cost is higher, therefore local peasant household is generally reluctant to remove stalk, is more desirable to maize straw total crop return Fertilizer Transformed directly Utilize.And maize straw is not to move out, and gives and manufactured obstacle come stubble corn seeding during the lunar New Year, easily cause in seeder operation process There is hanging the problems such as grass stops up stifled, frame kind, dries in the air kind, seriously affect sowing efficiency and seeding quality.
Patent of invention《A kind of broken straw, clear straw, fertilising, sow, cover straw Multi-function equipments》, the patent No.: ZL201210397462.2 solves the extension grass easily occurred during full dose straw covering plot no-tillage seeding operation, stops up stifled, frame kind, kind of drying in the air Technical barrier, improves broken straw, clear straw, fertilising, sows, covers straw level of operation.
But due to being conducive to crop ventilation and daylighting using wide-narrow row planting, so as to improve crop yield, therefore, closely Nian Lai, China Liaoning, Jilin, Heilungkiang etc. is greatly developing corn wide-narrow row planting at the area that cools, and substitutes the line-spacings such as tradition Cropping pattern, but so far without suitable seeding machinary can under corn full dose straw mulching and returning operating mode low work( Consumption, smooth, high quality complete corn wide-and narrow-row seeding operation.The patent of invention《A kind of broken straw, clear straw, fertilising, sow, cover Straw Multi-function equipments》Demonstration Application is carried out on Liaoning, Jilin, Heilungkiang and other places, although smooth operation can be realized, is needed Stalk is thrown even structure by vane type to dish out, only this item just consumes about the 30% of Overall Power Consumption, while vane type Structure is thrown to be also easy to, because being mixed with soil in stalk or stalk amount is excessive and result in blockage, influence overall operation smoothness, deposit Power consumption is bigger than normal, the relatively low problem of efficiency, so as to have impact on promoting the use of for corn wide-narrow row planting technology, market in urgent need has satisfaction The mechanical implement of above-mentioned requirements comes out.
The content of the invention
The problem of it is an object of the invention to for above-mentioned prior art economy and efficiency aspect, there is provided can be suitable for Corn wide-narrow row planting area, it is not necessary to manual cleaning field is a kind of broken straw for utilizing maize straw total crop return Fertilizer Transformed, clear Straw, fertilising, seeding machinery.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical solution.
A kind of straw covering plot suitable for corn wide-narrow row planting is no-tillage clean area's seeder, it is characterised in that:It is described to exempt from Geng Jie areas seeder includes anterior stalk cleaning plant and the two big critical piece of fertilizing and seeding apparatus at rear portion;
The stalk cleaning plant;The straw that anterior setting in rack is driven by tractor rear power output shaft (PTO) The screw feeder at stalk pick-up mechanism and rear portion arranged side by side and it is wrapped in screw feeder bottom and is in the screw feeder casing of arc-shaped behind, screw feeder casing Middle part offers the downward stalk-discharging port in direction, and the expansion shape of stalk-discharging port is rectangular, two sections of spiral sides of described screw feeder or so To on the contrary, stalk is by two lateral middle push after crushing;
The fertilizing and seeding apparatus;Forward and backward configuration fertilizer box and plants case, in the lower part of fertilizer box configuration fertilizer apparatus, fertilizer shovel, are being planted Lower part configuration feed mechanism for seed, the land wheel of case, plants case back lower place configuration ground wheel drive feed mechanism for seed, fertilizer apparatus, while play after planting town Pressure acts on.
Further, the two sides of the rectangle stalk-discharging port have two pieces of pulling plates to be bolted, and can change rectangle stalk-discharging port Width.
Further, the two sides of the rectangle stalk-discharging port set the pulling plate that can change stalk-discharging port width to both sides pull.
Further, the changeable scope of rectangle stalk-discharging port width is 40-60 centimetres.
Further, the structure of the straw field pickup mechanism is:Set and rotate horizontally cutter shaft, more of radial arrangement on cutter shaft Broken straw knife, more broken straw knives are arranged on cutter shaft with helical manner, the direction of rotation of broken straw knife and the rotation side of dilatory wheel To on the contrary, being a horizontal screw feeder at the rear of broken straw knife.
Further, trifilar suspension is connected with tractor before the stalk cleaning plant, and later trifilar suspension is applied with described Fertile seeding apparatus connection, the upper connecting rod of rear trifilar suspension is length adjustable structure, and the fertilizing and seeding apparatus is fertilising, sowing dress Fit over the all-in-one machine on an afer bay.
This patent proposes the concept of one " clean area's sowing ", i.e., the operation part that buries such as fertilising, sowing is operated in and does not have In the region of improving straw mulching and " cleaning " that influences.
Tractor motive power output shaft described in the technical program crushes clear straw machine rotation to stalk in anterior stalk cleaning plant Rotor axis, horizontal screw feeder provide power, and the fertilizing and seeding apparatus for drawing rear portion realizes fertilising and seeding operation.
According to the wide row of corn wide-and narrow-row kind field, the middle part for configuring corresponding screw feeder casing opens up rectangle stalk-discharging port Width, the screw feeder by the stalk of crushing by spiral push plate by two it is lateral among push, spue downwards from stalk-discharging port, in covering Between wide row laying straws region, complete the no-tillage clean area sowing of full dose straw covering plot of corn wide-narrow row planting.
Beneficial effects of the present invention, are introduced by above-mentioned operation process, and the present invention is fast-developing for current the Northeast The corn wide-narrow row planting pattern and corn full dose straw covering plot operating mode got up, it is proposed that more economical, suitable improvement Scheme, complete machine are made of stalk cleaning plant, two big component of ferti-seeding, and wherein stalk cleaning plant is mainly by rack, transmission System, straw field pickup mechanism, screw feeder, screw feeder casing etc. form, and screw feeder casing centre position is provided with the downward stalk-discharging port in direction, arrange Straw mouth openings of sizes can be adjusted according to maize straw amount size and corn planting line-spacing, and pick-up mechanism is by earth's surface above stalk All pick up, crush, and being transported to screw feeder, centre conveys screw feeder from the left and right sides to screw feeder by the stalk after crushing, and passes through Stalk-discharging port is expelled to earth's surface, falls between corn wide row, and fertilising, seed opener are operated on the soil of no improving straw mulching, Extension grass when thoroughly solving full dose straw covering plot seeding operation stops up stifled, frame kind, kind of a problem of drying in the air.
Also, the present invention has the following advantages compared with ZL201210397462.2 patents:1. saving vane type stalk throws mechanism, Power consumption is substantially reduced, and thoroughly avoids vane type stalk and throws the stopping state that mechanism is likely to occur, improves equipment Operation smoothness;2. stalk into strip laying between corn wide row, rather than be covered in all sowing breadth in, sunlight can be direct Surface soil is irradiated, is comparatively fast heated up beneficial to soil, so that beneficial to germination, growth of seedling.
The present invention need not throw mechanism using vane type and stalk is dished out, but directly be discharged to earth's surface by screw feeder, save Vane type is fallen and has thrown mechanism, significantly reduced power consumption, while also realized that same fertilising, sowing component working are influenced in no stalk Region in effect, original equipment is not being changed very big structure, on the basis of reducing cost of manufacture, expand and apply to jade The use scope of rice wide-narrow row planting, economy are fine.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the no-tillage clean a kind of embodiment of area's seeder of straw covering plot that the present invention is suitable for corn wide-narrow row planting Overall structure configuration axonometric drawing;
Fig. 2 is an embodiment in the present invention, and the structure chart of stalk cleaning plant component, shows shape and the position of stalk-discharging port Put;
Fig. 3 is the structural perspective that screw feeder casing is removed in Fig. 2, and the spiral push plate of screw feeder is presented by two lateral middle push Structure;
Fig. 4 is view of Fig. 1 complete machines of the present invention from side;
The top view that Fig. 5 Fig. 1 complete machines of the present invention are observed down from above;
Fig. 6 is that the laying straws region for covering middle wide row is shown on the basis of Fig. 5, i.e., the A areas in figure;
Fig. 7 is corn wide-narrow row planting schematic diagram.
In figure:
1 is land wheel, and 2 be plants case, and 3 be fertilizer box, and 4 be dynamical system, and 5 be trifilar suspension, and 6 be straw field pickup mechanism, and 7 be to stir Dragon, 8 be screw feeder casing, and 9 be fertile shovel, and 10 be kind of a shovel, and 11 be stalk-discharging port, 12 is rack, 13 is fertilizer apparatus, 14 is feed mechanism for seed, 15 It is pulling plate.
Embodiment
The structure of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with attached drawing.
A kind of full dose straw covering plot no-tillage seeding machine suitable for corn wide-narrow row planting, no-tillage clean area's seeder Two big critical piece of fertilizing and seeding apparatus including anterior stalk cleaning plant and rear portion;
The stalk cleaning plant;Anterior in rack 12 sets the straw field pickup mechanism 6 that is driven by rotation axis and simultaneously Arrange the screw feeder 7 at rear portion and be wrapped in 7 bottom of screw feeder and behind in the screw feeder casing 8 of arc-shaped, the middle part of screw feeder casing 8 is opened Equipped with the stalk-discharging port 11 that direction is downward, the expansion shape of stalk-discharging port 11 is rectangular, described 7 or so two sections of hand of spiral phases of screw feeder Instead, stalk after crushing, according to the distance of local corn wide row and preceding stubble maize straw amount, is adjusted and closed by two lateral middle push 11 width of suitable stalk-discharging port.
The fertilizing and seeding apparatus;Forward and backward configuration fertilizer box 3 and plants case 2, in the lower part of fertilizer box 3 configuration fertilizer shovel 9, fertilizer apparatus 13, in the lower part of plants case 2, configuration land wheel 1 drives feed mechanism for seed 14 and fertilizer apparatus 13, and land wheel 1 also functions to fertilising, after planting suppression is made With.
Earth's surface above stalk is all picked up, crushed by straw field pickup mechanism 6, and is transported among screw feeder by stalk-discharging port 11 Earth's surface is expelled to, is fallen between corn wide row, fertilising, seed opener are operated on the soil of no improving straw mulching, Ke Yishi The no-tillage clean area's seeder one machine operation of straw covering plot of existing corn wide-narrow row planting.
The two sides of 11 rectangle of stalk-discharging port have two pieces of pulling plates to be bolted, and can change the width of rectangular opening.For Different wide row distances and preceding stubble maize straw amount, fix and block two side portions area, specific aim operation.The letter of this programme structure It is single, using reliable.
The two sides of 11 rectangle of stalk-discharging port set the pulling plate that can change rectangle width to both sides pull.This programme tune Whole width is easy, easy to use.
The changeable scope of 11 rectangle width of stalk-discharging port is 40-60 centimetres.It is wide during ordinary maize wide-narrow row planting Line-spacing is generally 90cm, and narrow row is away from generally 40cm, and for tradition when line-spacing is planted, line-spacing is generally 65cm.Basis of the present invention Such operation area feature and requirement, design, provide the structure and scope of the present invention.
The structure of the straw field pickup mechanism 6 is:Set and rotate horizontally cutter shaft, more broken straw of radial arrangement on cutter shaft Knife, more broken straw knives are arranged on cutter shaft with helical manner, the direction of rotation of broken straw knife and the rotation direction phase of dilatory wheel Instead, it is a horizontal screw feeder 7 at the rear of broken straw knife.This is the technological merit for also using and maintaining ZL201210397462.2.
Trifilar suspension 5 is connected with tractor before the stalk cleaning plant, later trifilar suspension and the ferti-seeding Device connects, and the upper connecting rod of rear trifilar suspension is length adjustable structure, and the fertilizing and seeding apparatus is fertilising, sowing is assemblied in one All-in-one machine on a afer bay.Realize convenient, reliable " all-in-one machine " effect.

Claims (6)

  1. A kind of 1. straw covering plot suitable for corn wide-narrow row planting is no-tillage clean area's seeder, it is characterised in that:It is described no-tillage Clean area's seeder includes anterior stalk cleaning plant and the two big critical piece of fertilizing and seeding apparatus at rear portion;
    The stalk cleaning plant;The straw field pickup that anterior setting in rack (12) is driven by tractor rear power output shaft The screw feeder (7) at mechanism (6) and rear portion arranged side by side and it is wrapped in screw feeder (7) bottom and is in the screw feeder casing (8) of arc-shaped behind, screw feeder The middle part of shell (8) offers the downward stalk-discharging port in direction (11), and the expansion shape of stalk-discharging port (11) is rectangular, described to stir Dragon (7) two sections of hands of spiral in left and right are on the contrary, stalk is by two lateral middle push after crushing;
    The fertilizing and seeding apparatus;Forward and backward configuration fertilizer box (3) and plants case (2), in the lower part of fertilizer box (3), configuration fertilizer shovels (9), Lower part configuration land wheel (1) the driving feed mechanism for seed (14) and fertilizer apparatus (13) of plants case (2).
  2. 2. it is suitable for the no-tillage clean area's seeder of straw covering plot of corn wide-narrow row planting, its feature according to claim 1 Being the two sides of the stalk-discharging port (11) rectangle has two pieces of pulling plates (15), is bolted, can be big according to corn wide row line-spacing The small width for changing stalk-discharging port (11).
  3. 3. it is suitable for the no-tillage clean area's seeder of straw covering plot of corn wide-narrow row planting, its feature according to claim 1 It is that the two sides of the stalk-discharging port (11) rectangle set the pulling plate (15) that can change stalk-discharging port (11) width to both sides pull.
  4. 4. being suitable for the no-tillage clean area's seeder of straw covering plot of corn wide-narrow row planting according to Claims 2 or 3, it is special Sign is that the changeable scope of the stalk-discharging port (11) rectangle width is 40-60 centimetres.
  5. 5. it is suitable for the no-tillage clean area's seeder of straw covering plot of corn wide-narrow row planting, its feature according to claim 1 The structure for being the straw field pickup mechanism (6) is:Set and rotate horizontally cutter shaft, the broken straw knife of more of radial arrangement on cutter shaft, More broken straw knives are arranged on cutter shaft with helical manner, the direction of rotation of broken straw knife and the rotation direction of dilatory wheel on the contrary, It is a horizontal screw feeder (7) at the rear of broken straw knife.
  6. 6. it is suitable for the no-tillage clean area's seeder of straw covering plot of corn wide-narrow row planting, its feature according to claim 1 Trifilar suspension (5) is connected with tractor before being the stalk cleaning plant, and later trifilar suspension is filled with the ferti-seeding Connection is put, the upper connecting rod of rear trifilar suspension is length adjustable structure, and the fertilizing and seeding apparatus is fertilising, sowing is assemblied in one All-in-one machine on afer bay.
CN201711161716.XA 2017-11-21 2017-11-21 Straw mulching land no-tillage clean area seeder suitable for wide-narrow row planting of corn Active CN107980368B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109673214A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-04-26 山东省农业机械科学研究院 The no-tillage seeding machine for throwing device is set in a kind of
WO2020024437A1 (en) * 2018-08-01 2020-02-06 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Inter-row no-tillage collecting and covering planter for straw smashing
CN112715104A (en) * 2021-01-05 2021-04-30 安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所 Single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-sowing machine for no-tillage clean areas of cotton
GB2600006A (en) * 2020-08-22 2022-04-20 Bourgelat Pty Ltd Apparatus for attachment to a tractor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB942785A (en) * 1961-09-25 1963-11-27 Landbouwwerktuigen & Maschf Improvements in and relating to apparatus for bruising green fodder
CN103348804A (en) * 2013-06-19 2013-10-16 山东大华机械有限公司 Corn planter
CN203661545U (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-06-25 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Wheat no-tillage planter suitable for full straw mulched ground operation
CN205755435U (en) * 2016-04-26 2016-12-07 安徽农业大学 A kind of no-tillage automatically controlled corn compound seeder
CN206380262U (en) * 2016-10-31 2017-08-08 中国农业大学 Straw field pickup crushes trench digging and buries combine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB942785A (en) * 1961-09-25 1963-11-27 Landbouwwerktuigen & Maschf Improvements in and relating to apparatus for bruising green fodder
CN103348804A (en) * 2013-06-19 2013-10-16 山东大华机械有限公司 Corn planter
CN203661545U (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-06-25 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Wheat no-tillage planter suitable for full straw mulched ground operation
CN205755435U (en) * 2016-04-26 2016-12-07 安徽农业大学 A kind of no-tillage automatically controlled corn compound seeder
CN206380262U (en) * 2016-10-31 2017-08-08 中国农业大学 Straw field pickup crushes trench digging and buries combine

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020024437A1 (en) * 2018-08-01 2020-02-06 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Inter-row no-tillage collecting and covering planter for straw smashing
US11160203B2 (en) 2018-08-01 2021-11-02 Nanjing Research Institute For Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry Of Agriculture Agricultural planter and inter-furrow straw mulcher
CN109673214A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-04-26 山东省农业机械科学研究院 The no-tillage seeding machine for throwing device is set in a kind of
GB2600006A (en) * 2020-08-22 2022-04-20 Bourgelat Pty Ltd Apparatus for attachment to a tractor
CN112715104A (en) * 2021-01-05 2021-04-30 安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所 Single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-sowing machine for no-tillage clean areas of cotton

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