CN107966471B - in-situ testing device and testing method for soil body thermal conductivity and geothermal gradient - Google Patents
in-situ testing device and testing method for soil body thermal conductivity and geothermal gradient Download PDFInfo
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- CN107966471B CN107966471B CN201711119448.5A CN201711119448A CN107966471B CN 107966471 B CN107966471 B CN 107966471B CN 201711119448 A CN201711119448 A CN 201711119448A CN 107966471 B CN107966471 B CN 107966471B
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- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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Abstract
The application belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering, and relates to an in-situ testing device and a testing method for soil body thermal conductivity and geothermal gradient, which comprises a probe rod, a telescopic thermal probe rod and a probe head which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the telescopic thermal probe rod comprises a telescopic sleeve rod, an annular heat sensor, a heat wire source and a micro motor, the end of the telescopic sleeve rod is connected with the probe head, the other end of the telescopic sleeve rod is connected with the probe rod, the micro motor is provided with two or more than two micro motors, the two or more than two micro motors are uniformly arranged on the telescopic sleeve rod at intervals, the telescopic sleeve rod can be stretched under the power action of the micro motors, the annular heat sensor is provided with two or more than two annular heat sensors, the annular heat sensor is correspondingly arranged on the micro motors, and the heat wire source is arranged in the telescopic sleeve rod and combines geothermal gradient with thermal conductivity testing, so that surveying engineering is convenient, rapid, accurate and economical, and.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to in-situ test testing elements and devices capable of effectively and accurately obtaining basic engineering properties and thermodynamic properties of a soil body in the field of geotechnical engineering, and relates to segmented penetration in-situ testing devices for testing the thermal conductivity and the thermal gradient of the soil body by using a transient linear heat source method, in particular to an in-situ testing device and a testing method for the thermal conductivity and the thermal gradient of a soil body.
Background
The transient linear heat source method is an experimental method that transient temperature responses generated by linear heat sources based on infinite medium pulse heating are formed, the relationship between temperature rise and probe response time is recorded and fitted, and then the thermal conductivity of a material is calculated through a formula, and the experimental method can be used for solving the thermodynamic property analysis of the material in thermal engineering.
The thermal conductivity coefficient is very important parameters in geotechnical engineering, and is the basis for determining the thermodynamic performance of shallow rock-soil mass.
The geothermal gradient is which is a very important parameter in geotechnical engineering and determines shallow geothermal heat exchange efficiency and geothermal well driving depth, which are which are key factors influencing investment energy consumption of geothermal pump engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an telescopic sectional type thermal probe test instrument based on a method for measuring the thermal conductivity coefficient of a soil body by a transient linear heat source method, combines geothermal gradient with thermal conductivity test, enables a survey project to be convenient, rapid, accurate and economical, and can provide rapid, effective and low-cost test parameters for geothermal energy research and energy installation project design.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the specific technical scheme that the in-situ testing device for the soil thermal conductivity and the geothermal gradient comprises a probe rod, a telescopic heat probe rod and a probe head which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the telescopic heat probe rod comprises a telescopic sleeve rod, an annular heat sensor, a heat wire source and a micro motor, the end of the telescopic sleeve rod is connected with the probe head, the other end of the telescopic sleeve rod is connected with the probe rod, the two or more micro motors are arranged on the telescopic sleeve rod at uniform intervals and can be stretched under the power action of the micro motor, the annular heat sensor is arranged on the micro motor correspondingly and can be displaced along with the stretching of the telescopic sleeve rod, the heat wire source is arranged in the telescopic sleeve rod, the end of the heat wire source is connected with the probe head, and the other end of the heat wire source extends into the probe rod.
As an improved technical scheme of the invention, the thermal sensor further comprises a data receiving module, wherein the data receiving module is arranged at the tail end of the probe rod and used for receiving data detected by the annular thermal sensor.
As an improved technical scheme of the invention, the telescopic loop bar is made of titanium alloy stainless steel.
As an improved technical scheme of the invention, the probe rod is made of alloy steel.
As an improved technical scheme of the invention, the probe is made of alloy steel.
As an improved technical scheme of the invention, the probe is of a conical structure, and the tip of the conical structure is arranged on the side far away from the telescopic heat probe rod.
As an improved technical scheme of the invention, the length change range of the telescopic heat probe rod is 1 m.
The invention also provides a purpose of providing a testing method of the in-situ testing device for the soil body thermal conductivity and the geothermal gradient, which comprises the following steps:
, adjusting the thermal telescopic probe rod to the shortest length, and penetrating the probe into the soil body at a constant speed;
step two, when the probe reaches the testing depth, the micro motors control the extension of the telescopic loop bars, and when the probe extends by 20cm, micro motors positioned at the relative top drive the annular heat sensors corresponding to the micro motors to move along with the telescopic loop bars until all the annular heat sensors are completely released, and the penetration is stopped;
step three, keeping the probe still until the ground temperature of the probe is , and receiving the test data of the annular heat sensor by the data receiving module;
step four, starting a hot wire to heat the soil body, setting heating time, and detecting the ground temperature of the heated soil body by an annular heat sensor; the data receiving module receives the temperature detected by the annular heat sensor at the moment;
and step five, processing the data received by the data receiving module in the step three and the data received by the data receiving module in the step four by using an external data processing system to obtain the heat conductivity of the soil bodies with different depths.
Advantageous effects
The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and high testing accuracy; the telescopic heat probe rod is arranged between the probe and the probe rod, so that the temperature and the heat conductivity of soil bodies at different depths can be measured in situ, which cannot be easily thought by a person skilled in the art; in addition, the soil body temperature is accurately measured in real time by adopting the cooperation of the micro motor, the annular heat sensor and the data receiving module, and meanwhile, the data collection, processing and storage work can be carried out automatically, so that the data of each experimental test has reference value.
In conclusion, the device of the application effectively solves the shortcoming of the existing soil thermodynamic property testing instrument in situ in China, and solves the problems that the existing instrument is heavy, consumes time, is difficult to operate and is high in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present application in use;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a telescoping heat probe;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a telescoping heat probe;
in the figure, 1, a probe rod; 2. a telescopic heat probe rod; 3. a probe; 4. an annular thermal sensor; 5. a hot line source; 6. a micro motor; 7. a data receiving module; 8. a micromotion motor force transfer device; 9. a telescopic loop bar.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment, the probe comprises a probe rod 1, a telescopic thermal probe rod 2, a probe 3, an annular thermal sensor 4, a hot wire source 5, a micro motor 6, a data receiving module 7, a micro motor force transmission device 8 and a telescopic sleeve rod 9.
The application relates to sectional penetration in-situ test devices for testing the thermal conductivity and the geothermal gradient of a soil body by using a transient linear heat source method, in particular to an in-situ test device for testing the thermal conductivity and the geothermal gradient of the soil body as shown in figures 1-2,
the heat detector comprises a probe rod, a telescopic heat probe rod and a probe, wherein the probe rod, the telescopic heat probe rod and the probe are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the telescopic heat probe rod comprises a telescopic sleeve rod, an annular heat sensor, two or more heat wires and a micro motor, the end of the telescopic sleeve rod is connected to the probe, the other end of the telescopic sleeve rod is connected to the probe rod, the two or more micro motors are uniformly arranged on the telescopic sleeve rod at intervals, the telescopic sleeve rod can stretch and retract under the power action of the micro motors, the two or more annular heat sensors are correspondingly arranged on the micro motors and can move along with the stretching of the telescopic sleeve rod, the heat wires are arranged in the telescopic sleeve rod, the end of the heat wires is connected to the probe, and the other end of the heat wires extends into the probe rod.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3-4, the telescopic heat probe rod comprises a telescopic sleeve rod, two or more annular heat sensors (preferably five annular heat sensors in this embodiment), two or more annular heat sensors are uniformly spaced and mounted on the telescopic sleeve rod, two or more micro motors (preferably five micro motors in this embodiment) are uniformly spaced and mounted on the telescopic sleeve rod, the micro motors are mounted on the telescopic sleeve rod in correspondence to the annular heat sensors (the annular heat sensors are mounted on the micro motors), the annular heat sensors are mounted on the telescopic sleeve rod by the micro motors, when the telescopic sleeve rod needs to be telescopic, the micro motors act on the telescopic sleeve rod to enable the telescopic sleeve rod to be telescopic, the corresponding annular heat sensors on the micro motors move along with the telescopic sleeve rod, the heat source is arranged in the telescopic sleeve rod, the end of the heat source is connected to the probe head, the end of the heat sensor extends into the soil body, when the heat source heats the telescopic sleeve rod, the annular heat sensors located at different positions can provide heat conductivity for soil body heat soil mass, and a thermal conductivity test method for soil mass is convenient for soil mass thermal engineering.
In order to timely and quickly acquire data, the heat detector also comprises a data receiving module, wherein the data receiving module is arranged at the tail end of the probe rod and used for receiving the data detected by the annular heat sensor.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the test and the service life of the device, the telescopic sleeve rod is made of titanium alloy stainless steel.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the test and the service life of the device, the probe rod is made of alloy steel; the probe is made of alloy steel.
For convenience of use, the probe is of conical configuration with the tip of the conical configuration being located on the side remote from the telescopic heat probe.
In this embodiment, the length of the telescopic heat detecting rod is 1m, that is, the telescopic sleeve rod can extend about 1m along with the penetration process.
The invention also provides a purpose of providing a testing method of the in-situ testing device for the soil body thermal conductivity and the geothermal gradient, which comprises the following steps:
, adjusting the thermal telescopic probe rod to the shortest length, and penetrating the probe into the soil body at a constant speed;
step two, when the probe reaches the test depth, the micro motor controls the extension of the telescopic loop bar (specifically, the telescopic loop bar extends under the action of the micro motor, the micro motor is fixed on the telescopic loop bar and is fixedly connected with the annular heat sensor, when the telescopic loop bar needs to extend, the micro motor acts on the telescopic loop bar to enable the telescopic loop bar to extend to reach the specified depth, after the telescopic loop bar reaches the specified position, the th section of the telescopic loop bar reaches the longest length, the micro motor is braked to ensure that the annular sensor keeps static at the specified position, the micro motor stops acting and releases the brake on the telescopic loop bar, so as to achieve the effect of releasing the annular sensor), after the telescopic loop bar extends 20cm, micro motors at the uppermost position drive and release the annular heat sensor corresponding to the micro motor, until all the annular heat sensors are completely released, and the penetration is stopped, namely, after the device reaches the specified depth, every 20cm of penetration, the telescopic loop bar extends 20cm, and annular heat sensors are placed at the position;
step three, keeping the probe still for hours to ensure that the ground temperature of the probe and the soil body is , and receiving the test data of the annular heat sensor by a data receiving module;
step four, starting a hot wire to heat the soil body, setting heating time, and detecting the ground temperature (namely thermal response data of soil bodies with different depths) of the heated soil body by using an annular thermal sensor; the data receiving module receives the temperature detected by the annular heat sensor at the moment;
and step five, processing the data received by the data receiving module in the step three and the data received by the data receiving module in the step four by using an external data processing system to obtain the heat conductivity of the soil bodies with different depths.
The calculation formula is as follows:
λ＝(Q/4πΔT)ln(t2/t1)
wherein λ is thermal conductivity, Q is heat source energy, Δ T is temperature change value, and T is2、t1Is a heating time, where t1For the first heating periods, t2The interval between the heating time for the post th period is more than 100 s.
The device combines the determination of the thermal conductivity coefficient and the geothermal gradient, solves the defects of the existing in-situ soil thermodynamic property testing instrument in China, and solves the problems of heavy weight, time consumption, difficult operation and high cost of the existing instrument, provides dynamic penetration in-situ testing devices capable of dynamically testing the basic thermodynamic property of the soil in situ, can automatically perform data collection, processing and storage work, and can provide quick, effective and low-cost testing parameters for geothermal energy research and energy engineering design.
Claims (7)
- The in-situ testing device for the soil thermal conductivity and the geothermal gradient is characterized by comprising a probe rod, a telescopic thermal probe rod and a probe head which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the telescopic thermal probe rod comprises a telescopic sleeve rod, an annular heat sensor, a heat wire source and a micro motor, the end of the telescopic sleeve rod is connected with the probe head, the other end of the telescopic sleeve rod is connected with the probe rod, the micro motor is provided with two or more than two micro motors, the two or more than two micro motors are uniformly arranged on the telescopic sleeve rod at intervals, the telescopic sleeve rod can stretch under the power action of the micro motors and can displace along with the stretching of the telescopic sleeve rod, the annular heat sensor is provided with two or more than two annular heat sensors, the annular heat sensors are correspondingly arranged on the micro motors, the heat wire source is arranged in the telescopic sleeve rod, the end of the heat wire source is connected with the probe head, the other end of the heat wire source extends into the probe rod, and the data receiving module is arranged at the.
- 2. The in-situ soil thermal conductivity and thermal gradient testing device of of claim 1, wherein the telescopic rods are made of titanium alloy stainless steel.
- 3. The in-situ soil thermal conductivity and thermal gradient testing device of of claim 1, wherein the probe is made of alloy steel.
- 4. The apparatus for in situ testing of soil thermal conductivity and geothermal gradient of of claim 1, wherein the probe is an alloy steel.
- 5. The apparatus for in situ testing of soil thermal conductivity and thermal gradient of of claim 1, wherein the probe is a conical structure and the tip of the conical structure is located on the side away from the telescopic heat probe.
- 6. The apparatus for in situ testing of soil thermal conductivity and geothermal gradient of of claim 1, wherein the telescopic heat probe has a length variation of 1 m.
- 7. The method of testing an in situ test apparatus for the thermal conductivity and geothermal gradient of an earth mass of any of claims 1 to 6 to comprising the steps of:, adjusting the thermal telescopic probe rod to the shortest length, and penetrating the probe into the soil body at a constant speed;step two, when the probe reaches the testing depth, the micro motors control the extension of the telescopic loop bars, and when the probe extends by 20cm, micro motors positioned at the relative top drive the annular heat sensors corresponding to the micro motors to move along with the telescopic loop bars until all the annular heat sensors are completely released, and the penetration is stopped;step three, keeping the probe still until the ground temperature of the probe is , and receiving the test data of the annular heat sensor by the data receiving module;step four, starting a hot wire to heat the soil body, setting heating time, and detecting the ground temperature of the heated soil body by an annular heat sensor; the data receiving module receives the temperature detected by the annular heat sensor at the moment;and step five, processing the data received by the data receiving module in the step three and the data received by the data receiving module in the step four by using an external data processing system to obtain the heat conductivity of the soil bodies with different depths.
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| CN111948247B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2023-03-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for calculating mudstone thermal conductivity by using mineral content |
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