CN109781509A - A kind of geostress survey device and measurement method considering temperature effect - Google Patents
A kind of geostress survey device and measurement method considering temperature effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN109781509A CN109781509A CN201910191715.2A CN201910191715A CN109781509A CN 109781509 A CN109781509 A CN 109781509A CN 201910191715 A CN201910191715 A CN 201910191715A CN 109781509 A CN109781509 A CN 109781509A
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- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 240
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 175
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010010 raising Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A kind of geostress survey device and measurement method considering temperature effect, belong to highland temperature area geostress survey technical field, the measuring device includes rack, pressure rod, electric heater unit, high-pressure oil pipe, client, hydraulic power station, the first extensometer, the second extensometer, temperature sensor and hydraulic cylinder, and client is connect with electric heater unit, hydraulic power station, the first extensometer, the second extensometer, temperature sensor, hydraulic cylinder and the pressure sensor being arranged on pressure rod respectively by conducting wire；Electric heater unit is used to heat the rock sample placed inside it；First extensometer is used to acquire the axial strain data of rock sample；Second extensometer is used to acquire the radial strain data of rock sample, and temperature sensor is for acquiring rock sample temperature, the application pressure data of the acquired pressure rod of pressure sensor.The method is measured using the geostress survey device of above-mentioned consideration temperature effect, and the invention enables the reliability raisings in highland temperature area geostress survey.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to highland temperature area geostress survey technical field, in particular to a kind of ground for considering temperature effect is answered
Force measuring device and measurement method.
Background technique
As the increase of china natural resources depth of exploration and the increasing of underground geothermal resource exploration exploitation dynamics, geostress survey are got over
To be related to High temperature rocks more.After boring up to predetermined depth and taking out high temperature rock sample, the temperature of rock is under field conditions (factors)
Can gradually decrease, partial elasticity when the inclined plasticity when mechanical characteristic of rock is by from high temperature is to room temperature changes, internal stress size and
Direction can also change, and this will lead to measured crustal stress in situ that there are errors, it is therefore necessary to realize high temperature rock sample
Geostress survey.
Detecting earth stress method has hydraulic fracturing, stress relief method, strain restoring method, DRA method at present
(Deformation rate analysis, rate of deformation analytic approach), acoustic emission effect method etc..Hydraulic fracturing is directly will
Measuring instrument is put into the method that bottom hole carries out geostress survey, deep hole operation is not suitable for because its is complicated for operation, and its master answers
Power direction is difficult to accurate determination；Stress relief method there is a problem of complicated for operation；Stress restoration is only applicable to shallow stratum；Sound
Transmitting effect method is to carry out crustal stress according to the opening of rock core internal fissure, closure situation to determine, high temperature will affect stress state into
And the state of crackle is influenced, therefore be not also suitable for the stress measurement of deep hole high-temperature stratum.DRA method is due to its economic, efficient, behaviour
Make the advantages such as simple, has become a kind of main measurement crustal stress method at present.But in measurement process, due to not considering temperature
Influence to rock interior state there are problems that in high temperature region measurement crustal stress poor reliability.
Summary of the invention
To solve the problems, such as that existing DRA earth stress measuring method not yet considers temperature effect, exist in high temperature region measurement
The problem of crustal stress poor reliability, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of geostress survey device for considering temperature effect and measurements
Method, the measuring device structure is simple, can to rock sample carry out quickly, be evenly heated, after being heated to predetermined temperature, lead to
The crustal stress that the measuring device measurement considers temperature effect is crossed, the reliability of acquired results is improved, expands DRA geostress survey
The application range of method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
The present invention provides a kind of geostress survey devices for considering temperature effect characterized by comprising rack adds
Compression bar, electric heater unit, high-pressure oil pipe, client, hydraulic power station, the first extensometer, the second extensometer, temperature sensor and
Hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder are mounted on the lower center position of rack, and hydraulic cylinder is connect by high-pressure oil pipe with hydraulic power station,
The piston rod of hydraulic cylinder is connect with pressure rod top；The lower part of the pressure rod is provided with pressure sensor；The client is logical
Cross conducting wire respectively with electric heater unit, hydraulic power station, the first extensometer, the second extensometer, temperature sensor, hydraulic cylinder and set
Set the pressure sensor connection on pressure rod；The electric heater unit is used to heat the rock sample placed inside it；First
Extensometer is mounted on rock sample, and the first extensometer is used to acquire the axial strain data of rock sample；Second extensometer is mounted on
On rock sample, the second extensometer is used to acquire the radial strain data of rock sample, and the side wall of rock sample is arranged in the probe of temperature sensor
On, temperature sensor is for acquiring rock sample temperature.
The geostress survey device for considering temperature effect further includes support rod, and support rod is used for fixed frame.
Thermally insulating housing is equipped on the outside of the pressure rod.
The electric heater unit is made of heating tube, attemperator and Heat-insulation device, and attemperator and Heat-insulation device surround
The hollow cylindrical structure of open top, heating tube is coaxial with the hollow cylindrical structure and sets within it on side wall, adds
Heat pipe is twist arranged.
Described first, which extends, is calculated as model 3549-025M-0101- ST extensometer.
Described second, which extends, is calculated as model 3580-025M-0101- ST extensometer.
The temperature sensor is silicon dioxide insulator thermocouple.
Body of the present invention additionally provides a kind of earth stress measuring method for considering temperature effect, which is characterized in that this method is adopted
It is measured, is included the following steps: with the geostress survey device of above-mentioned consideration temperature effect
Step 1: selected survey area drills through rock core in predetermined drilling depth, while obtaining rock temperature at institute's drilling depth
T is spent, drills through the rock sample that six roots of sensation diameter is core diameter 1/2, the axis and rock core of first rock sample in the inside of drilled through rock core
Axially vertical, second rock sample and rock core are coaxial, and rock core position is set as when will drill through first rock sample and second rock sample
Rock core initial position, on the basis of initial position by rock core around its axis both clockwise be rotated by 90 ° after drill through third root rock sample,
Rock core is rotated 135 degree around its axis both clockwise on the basis of initial position at 45 degree by the axis and rock core axis of three rock samples
After drill through the 4th rock sample, the axis and rock core axis of the 4th rock sample are at 45 degree, by rock core around it on the basis of initial position
The 5th rock sample is drilled through after axis both clockwise rotation 180 degree, the axis and rock core axis of the 5th rock sample are at 45 degree, with initial bit
It is set to benchmark and rock core is drilled through into six roots of sensation rock sample, the axis and rock core of six roots of sensation rock sample after 270 degree of the rotation of its axis both clockwise
Axis makes marks obtained six roots of sensation rock sample according to direction at 45 degree, spare；
Step 2: any one rock sample progress detecting earth stress measures first before heating to rock sample in selecting step 1
The diameter of rock sample, and measurement result is inputted into client, the cross-sectional area of rock sample is obtained, then the probe of temperature sensor is arranged
On the side wall of rock sample, finally the first extensometer and the second extensometer are mounted on rock sample；
Step 3: being placed on obtained rock sample is handled through step 2 in electric heater unit, rock sample is coaxial with pressure rod, client
It holds to electric heater unit and sends heating signal, electric heater unit receives heating signal and heats to rock sample, while temperature passes
The rock sample temperature that sensor acquires it in real time sends client to, and rock sample temperature reaches rock at drilling depth acquired in step 1
When stone temperature T, the temperature is maintained 10 minutes；
Step 4: after the completion of heating, client sends enabling signal to hydraulic power station, and signal is opened in hydraulic power station reception
And start, the hydraulic oil in hydraulic power station enters in hydraulic cylinder through high-pressure oil pipe, and the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder pushes pressure rod pair
Rock sample carries out uniaxial compression load, and acquires the real-time pressure data of pressure rod, the during loading in real time by client
One extensometer axial strain data collected and the second extensometer radial strain data collected, and the pressurization by obtaining
Data make ratio with the cross-sectional area of rock sample being obtained ahead of time, and obtain stress data to get to first group of axial stress-strain data
And first group of radial stress-strain data；
Step 5: repeating step 4 and obtain second group of axial stress-strain data and second group of radial stress-strain data；
Step 6: by client that second group of axial stress-strain data are axial with first group after load test
Axial strain data corresponding to same axial stress σ subtract each other to obtain axial strain difference Δ ε and data point in stress-strain data
(σ, Δ ε) draws axial stress-strain difference data curve according to the data point (σ, Δ ε) of acquisition, and wherein Δ ε meets such as ShiShimonoseki
It is formula:
Δ ε=ε2(σ)-ε1(σ)=ε2 T(σ)+ε2 UT(σ)-(ε1 T(σ)+ε1 UT(σ))
ε1(σ) is axial strain data corresponding to axial stress σ, ε in load for the first time1 T(σ) is in load for the first time
Temperature strain data, ε corresponding to axial stress σ1 UT(σ) is non-temperature strain corresponding to axial stress σ in load for the first time
Data, ε2(σ) is strain data corresponding to axial stress σ, ε in second of load2 T(σ) is axial stress in second of load
Temperature strain data, ε corresponding to σ2 UT(σ) is non-temperature strain data corresponding to axial stress σ in second of load, by
Identical in temperature twice, therefore, temperature strain is directly offset twice；
Step 7: repeating step 6 and obtain radial stress-strain differential data and curves；
Step 8: by the corresponding radial direction in radial stress described in step 7-strain differential data and curves slope mutation place
Stress data is as Reference Stress data, by axial stress-strain difference data slope of a curve mutation place described in step 6
Corresponding axial stress data are as proof stress data；
When the difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data is less than 5%, taking the proof stress data is to consider
Crustal stress under temperature effect；
When the difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data is greater than 5%, repetition step 1~step 7 is to rock sample 5
Test is re-started, until the difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data takes the proof stress data less than 5%
To consider the crustal stress under temperature effect；
Step 9: closing electric heater unit and taken out after the geostress survey device and rock sample of considered temperature effect are cooling
Rock sample continues the following group test, to the end of six roots of sensation rock sample all test, gained is taken to consider the maximum rock of crustal stress under temperature effect
Crustal stress under consideration temperature effect corresponding to sample is principal stress, and corresponding rock sample is oriented to principal direction of stress.
Through the above design, the present invention can be brought the following benefits: the present invention is assigned by electric heater unit
Temperature property of the rock sample at prime stratum, ensure that the original position of rock sample internal stress and mechanical characteristic.And due to this method
Subtracted each other by the strain data loaded twice, and then determine crustal stress, will directly heat generated thermal strain phase
It offsets, ensure that the simplicity of this method, and this method is improved in the reliability of highland temperature area geostress survey, into one
Step expands the application range of DRA earth stress measuring method.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative embodiments and their description explanation does not constitute improper restriction of the invention for understanding the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic that the geostress survey device of temperature effect is considered in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the partial top view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the orientation maps of six roots of sensation rock sample in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the strain-stress relational graph considered under temperature effect in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the relational graph that the stress-strain difference under temperature effect is considered in the embodiment of the present invention
Respectively mark in figure as follows: 1- rack, 2- pressure rod, 3- support rod, 4- electric heater unit, 41- heating tube, 42- are protected
Warm device, 43- Heat-insulation device, 5- rock sample, 6- high-pressure oil pipe, 7- client, 8- hydraulic power station, the first extensometer of 9-, 10-
Two extensometers, 11- temperature sensor, 12- hydraulic cylinder.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further below with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings
It is bright.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that specifically described content is illustrative and be not restrictive below, it should not be with this
It limits the scope of the invention.
In the present invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positional relationship of each component is according to Figure of description
Butut mode be described, such as the positional relationship of upper and lower, left and right is come according to the Butut direction of Figure of description
Determining.
Heretofore described High-geotemperature refers to that ground temperature reaches 100 degrees Celsius or more.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, it is proposed by the present invention consider temperature effect geostress survey device include rack 1,
Pressure rod 2, support rod 3, electric heater unit 4, high-pressure oil pipe 6, client 7, hydraulic power station 8, the first extensometer 9, second are drawn
Meter 10, temperature sensor 11 and hydraulic cylinder 12 are stretched, the hydraulic cylinder 12 is mounted on the lower center position of rack 1, hydraulic cylinder 12
It is connect by high-pressure oil pipe 6 with hydraulic power station 8, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 12 is connect with 2 top of pressure rod, and hydraulic cylinder 12 is used for
Realize that the downward feed movement of pressure rod 2 retracts movement with upward；The lower part of the pressure rod 2 is provided with pressure sensor,
Thermally insulating housing is equipped on the outside of pressure rod 2, to protect pressure rod 2, while the lasting progress of guarantee test；The support rod 3 is used
In fixed frame 1；The client 7 by conducting wire respectively with electric heater unit 4, hydraulic power station 8, the first extensometer 9, second
Extensometer 10, temperature sensor 11, hydraulic cylinder 12 and the pressure sensor connection being arranged on pressure rod 2；The electric heating dress
It sets 4 to be made of heating tube 41, attemperator 42 and Heat-insulation device 43, attemperator 42 and Heat-insulation device 43 surround open top
Hollow cylindrical structure, heating tube 41 is coaxial with the hollow cylindrical structure and sets within it on side wall, and heating tube 41 is in
Helix shape need to obtain the original locating High-geotemperature probing region of rock sample 5 when High-geotemperature drills region boring sample 5 in advance
Temperature T, wherein the probing of High-geotemperature locating for rock sample 5 region T is obtained by platinum resistance probe measurement or according to ground temperature gradiometer, will
The rock sample 5 drilled through is threaded through 4 inside of heating device and its bottom is fixed on to the top center position of Heat-insulation device 43, rock sample 5
It is coaxial with pressure rod 2, rock sample 5 is evenly heated by heating tube 41, reaches the original locating High-geotemperature probing region of rock sample 5
Temperature T, to simulate High-geotemperature environment, electric heater unit 4 can be replaced according to the size of rock sample 5；First extensometer 9 is pacified
On rock sample 5, the first extensometer 9 is used to acquire the axial strain data of rock sample 5, and the first extensometer 9 can long-time high temperature resistant
It is 500 degrees Celsius, reusable, it is preferred that the model 3549-025M-010 of the first extensometer 91-ST；Described second extends
Meter 10 is mounted on rock sample 5, and the second extensometer 10 is used to acquire the radial strain data of rock sample 5, when the second extensometer 10 can be long
Between 500 degrees Celsius of high temperature resistant, it is reusable, it is preferred that the model 3580-025M-010 of the second extensometer 101-ST；Institute
State client 7 for acquiring and handling the first extensometer 95 axial strain data of rock sample collected, the second extensometer 10 is adopted
5 radial strain data of rock sample, 5 temperature data of rock sample collected of temperature sensor 11 and the pressure sensor of collection acquire pressurization
The application pressure data of bar 2, while client 7 is used to control the heating power of electric heater unit 4, to control the temperature of rock sample 5
Degree, client 7 drive pressure rod 2 to increase with certain speed (displacement control mode) or with certain speed for controlling hydraulic cylinder 12
Long power (force control mode is loaded)；The probe of the temperature sensor 11 is arranged on the side wall of rock sample 5, is added using electricity
When thermal 4 heats rock sample 5, the real time temperature of rock sample 5 is detected using temperature sensor 11, and passes through conducting wire for temperature
Data are transmitted to client 7, while controlling electric heater unit 4 by client 7 and rock sample 5 is made to be heated to its original institute of rock sample 5
Locate High-geotemperature drill regional temperature T, temperature sensor 11 be silicon dioxide insulator thermocouple, can long-time high temperature resistant 500 it is Celsius
Degree, it is reusable.
Included the following steps: using the method that the geostress survey device of above-mentioned consideration temperature effect carries out geostress survey
Step 1: selected survey area drills through rock core in predetermined High-geotemperature drilling depth, by platinum resistance pop one's head in test or
It is calculated to obtain rock temperature T at the taken drilling depth of rock sample 5 according to ground temperature gradiometer；Using drilling machine in the rock core inner part drilling fetched
Taking six roots of sensation diameter is the rock sample 5 of core diameter 1/2, and referring to fig. 4, from left to right the axis of first rock sample 5 and rock core axially hang down
Directly, second rock sample 5 and rock core are coaxial, and rock core position is set as rock core when will drill through first rock sample 5 and second rock sample 5
Initial position, on the basis of initial position by rock core around its axis both clockwise be rotated by 90 ° after drill through third root rock sample 5, third root
The axis and rock core axis of rock sample 5 are bored rock core on the basis of initial position at 45 degree after 135 degree of the rotation of its axis both clockwise
The 4th rock sample 5 is taken, the axis and rock core axis of the 4th rock sample 5 are at 45 degree, by rock core around its axis on the basis of initial position
Line drills through the 5th rock sample 5 after rotating clockwise 180 degree, and the axis and rock core axis of the 5th rock sample 5 are at 45 degree, with initial bit
It is set to benchmark and rock core is drilled through into six roots of sensation rock sample 5, the axis and rock of six roots of sensation rock sample 5 after 270 degree of the rotation of its axis both clockwise
Mandrel line makes marks obtained six roots of sensation rock sample 5 according to direction at 45 degree, spare；
Step 2: any one rock sample 5 carries out detecting earth stress in selecting step 1, before heating to rock sample 5, surveys first
The diameter of rock sample 5 is measured, and measurement result is inputted into client 7, obtains the cross-sectional area of rock sample 5, then by temperature sensor 11
Probe is arranged on the side wall of rock sample 5, and finally the first extensometer 9 and the second extensometer 10 are mounted on rock sample 5；
Step 3: it is placed on obtained rock sample 5 is handled through step 2 in electric heater unit 4, rock sample 5 and pressure rod 2 are coaxial,
Client 7 sends heating signal to electric heater unit 4, and electric heater unit 4 receives heating signal and heats to rock sample 5, together
When 5 temperature of rock sample that acquires it in real time of temperature sensor 11 send client 7 to, 5 temperature of rock sample reaches acquired in step 1
At drilling depth when rock temperature T, the temperature is maintained 10 minutes；
Step 4: after the completion of heating, client 7 sends enabling signal to hydraulic power station 8, and letter is opened in the reception of hydraulic power station 8
Number and start, the hydraulic oil in hydraulic power station 8 enters in hydraulic cylinder 12 through high-pressure oil pipe 6, and the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 12 pushes
Pressure rod 2 carries out uniaxial compression load to rock sample 5, and passes through the real-time of the acquisition pressure rod 2 during loading in real time of client 7
Press data, the axial strain data collected of the first extensometer 9 and the radial strain data collected of the second extensometer 10, and
Make ratio by the stress data of acquisition and the cross-sectional area for the rock sample 5 being obtained ahead of time, obtains stress data to get to first group of axis
To stress-strain data and first group of radial stress-strain data；
Step 5: repeating step 4 and obtain second group of axial stress-strain data and second group of radial stress-strain data；
Step 6: by client 7 that second group of axial stress-strain data are axial with first group after load test
Axial strain data corresponding to same axial stress σ subtract each other to obtain axial strain difference Δ ε and data point in stress-strain data
σ, Δ ε draw axial stress-strain difference data curve according to the data point σ of acquisition, Δ ε, and referring to Figure 5, wherein Δ ε is full
The following relational expression of foot:
Δ ε=ε2(σ)-ε1(σ)=ε2 T(σ)+ε2 UT(σ)-(ε1 T(σ)+ε1 UT(σ))
ε1(σ) is axial strain data corresponding to axial stress σ, ε in load for the first time1 T(σ) is in load for the first time
Temperature strain data, ε corresponding to axial stress σ1 UT(σ) is non-temperature strain corresponding to axial stress σ in load for the first time
Data, ε2(σ) is strain data corresponding to axial stress σ, ε in second of load2 T(σ) is axial stress in second of load
Temperature strain data, ε corresponding to σ2 UT(σ) is non-temperature strain data corresponding to axial stress σ in second of load, by
Identical in temperature twice, therefore, temperature strain is directly offset twice；
Step 7: repeating step 6 and obtain radial stress-strain differential data and curves；
Step 8: referring to shown in Fig. 6, at the slope mutation of radial stress described in step 7-strain differential data and curves
Corresponding radial stress data are as Reference Stress data, by axial stress-strain difference data slope of a curve described in step 6
The corresponding axial stress data in mutation place are as proof stress data；
When the difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data is less than 5%, taking the proof stress data is to consider
Crustal stress under temperature effect；
When the difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data is more than or equal to 5%, repetition step 1~step 7 is right
Rock sample 5 re-starts test, until the difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data takes the test to answer less than 5%
Force data is the crustal stress considered under temperature effect.
Step 9: closing electric heater unit 4 and taken after the geostress survey device and rock sample 5 of considered temperature effect are cooling
The following group test is continued in rock sample 5 out, to the end of six roots of sensation rock sample 5 all test, gained is taken to consider that the crustal stress under temperature effect is maximum
Rock sample 5 corresponding to crustal stress under consideration temperature effect be principal stress, corresponding rock sample 5 is oriented to principal direction of stress,
Hydraulic fracturing orientation during later period drilling operation is determined according to the principal direction of stress, has ensured productivity effect most
Bigization.
Embodiment 1
In the region for dry-hot-rock geothermal exploitation of certain delineation, through detecting, geothermal gradient is 4.5 °/100m, works as probing
It when to 4000 meters, needs to measure crustal stress, be oriented for hydraulic fracturing, i.e., it needs to be determined that principal direction of stress.Based on drilling depth
Compared with deep, the higher feature of ground temperature, detecting earth stress is carried out using the DRA method for considering temperature effect.
1, according to survey area geothermal gradient and drilling depth, predict that rock temperature is 180 ° at institute's drilling depth；
2, the rock sample 5 that six roots of sensation diameter is core diameter 1/2 is drilled through inside the rock core fetched using drilling machine, referring to fig. 4,
From left to right the axis of first rock sample 5 and rock core are axially vertical, and second rock sample 5 and rock core are coaxial, will drill through first rock
Rock core position is set as rock core initial position when sample 5 and second rock sample 5, by rock core around its axis on the basis of initial position
Third root rock sample 5 is drilled through after rotating clockwise 90 degree, the axis and rock core axis of third root rock sample 5 are at 45 degree, with initial position
On the basis of by rock core around its axis both clockwise rotate 135 degree after drill through the 4th rock sample 5, the axis and rock core of the 4th rock sample 5
Rock core is drilled through the 5th rock sample 5 after its axis both clockwise rotation 180 degree on the basis of initial position at 45 degree by axis, the
Rock core is rotated 270 degree around its axis both clockwise on the basis of initial position at 45 degree by the axis and rock core axis of five rock samples 5
After drill through six roots of sensation rock sample 5, the axis and rock core axis of six roots of sensation rock sample 5 are at 45 degree, by obtained six roots of sensation rock sample 5 according to direction
It makes marks, obtained rock sample 5 is machined to test requirements document later；
3, the first extensometer 9, the second extensometer 10 and temperature sensor 11 are mounted on rock sample 5；
4, according to the electric heater unit 4 of 5 size selection correspondingly-sized of rock sample, rock sample 5 is placed in heating device 4, is made
It obtains rock sample 5 and pressure rod 2 is coaxial；
5, electric heater unit 4 is opened, according to the 11 collected temperature of institute of temperature sensor, rock sample 5 is heated to setting temperature
180 ° of degree；
6, when the temperature of rock sample 5 reaches temperature 180, the temperature is maintained 10 minutes, so that opening after 5 entirety of rock sample is heated
Hydraulic power station 8 is opened, hydraulic oil is delivered to hydraulic cylinder 12 through high-pressure oil pipe 6, and hydraulic cylinder 12 drives 2 downlink of pressure rod to implement to add
It carries, loading speed 0.14mm/min；
7, uniaxial compression measurement load twice in succession is carried out to rock sample 5, obtains two groups of axial stress-strain data and two groups
Radial stress-strain data, respectively first group of axial stress-strain data, second group of axial stress-strain data, first
Group radial stress-strain data, second group of radial stress-strain data, wherein the peak stress loaded twice is according to actual apertures
Deep feeling condition is selected as 60MPa；
8, after load test, second group of axial stress-strain data is axially answered with first group by client 7
Axial strain data corresponding to same axial stress σ subtract each other to obtain axial strain difference Δ ε and data point in power-strain data
(σ, Δ ε) draws axial stress-strain difference data curve according to the data point (σ, Δ ε) of acquisition, and wherein Δ ε meets such as ShiShimonoseki
It is formula:
Δ ε=ε2(σ)-ε1(σ)=ε2 T(σ)+ε2 UT(σ)-(ε1 T(σ)+ε1 UT(σ))
ε1(σ) is axial strain data corresponding to axial stress σ, ε in load for the first time1 T(σ) is in load for the first time
Temperature strain data, ε corresponding to axial stress σ1 UT(σ) is non-temperature strain corresponding to axial stress σ in load for the first time
Data, ε2(σ) is strain data corresponding to axial stress σ, ε in second of load2 T(σ) is axial stress in second of load
Temperature strain data, ε corresponding to σ2 UT(σ) is non-temperature strain data corresponding to axial stress σ in second of load, by
Identical in temperature twice, therefore, temperature strain is directly offset twice；
Radial stress-strain differential data and curves can similarly be obtained；
Using the corresponding radial stress data in the radial stress-strain differential data and curves slope mutation place as
Reference Stress data, by the corresponding axial stress number in axial stress-strain difference data slope of a curve mutation place
According to as proof stress data；
When the difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data is less than 5%, taking the proof stress data is to consider
Crustal stress under temperature effect；
When the difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data be more than or equal to 5%, examination is re-started to rock sample 5
It tests, until the difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data less than 5%, takes the proof stress data to consider temperature
Crustal stress under effect；
9, it closes electric heater unit 4 and takes out rock after the geostress survey device and rock sample 5 of considered temperature effect are cooling
Sample 5 continues the following group test, to the end of six roots of sensation rock sample 5 all test, gained is taken to consider the maximum rock of crustal stress under temperature effect
Crustal stress under consideration temperature effect corresponding to sample 5 is principal stress, hydraulic fracturing orientation during later period drilling operation
It is determined according to the principal direction of stress, has ensured the maximization of productivity effect.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to limit the invention, patent protection model of the invention
It encloses and is subject to claims, all equivalent constructions variations done with specification and accompanying drawing content of the invention, similarly
It should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of geostress survey device for considering temperature effect characterized by comprising rack (1), pressure rod (2), electricity add
Thermal (4), high-pressure oil pipe (6), client (7), hydraulic power station (8), the first extensometer (9), the second extensometer (10), temperature
Degree sensor (11) and hydraulic cylinder (12), the hydraulic cylinder (12) are mounted on the lower center position of rack (1), hydraulic cylinder (12)
It is connect by high-pressure oil pipe (6) with hydraulic power station (8), the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder (12) is connect with pressure rod (2) top；It is described
The lower part of pressure rod (2) is provided with pressure sensor；The client (7) by conducting wire respectively with electric heater unit (4), hydraulic
Power station (8), the first extensometer (9), the second extensometer (10), temperature sensor (11), hydraulic cylinder (12) and setting are being pressurizeed
Pressure sensor connection on bar (2)；The electric heater unit (4) is used to heat the rock sample (5) placed inside it；First
Extensometer (9) is mounted on rock sample (5), and the first extensometer (9) is used to acquire the axial strain data of rock sample (5)；Described second
Extensometer (10) is mounted on rock sample (5), and the second extensometer (10) is used to acquire the radial strain data of rock sample (5), and temperature passes
The probe of sensor (11) is arranged on the side wall of rock sample (5), and temperature sensor (11) is for acquiring rock sample (5) temperature.
2. considering the geostress survey device of temperature effect according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the measuring device is also wrapped
It includes support rod (3), support rod (3) is used for fixed frame (1).
3. considering the geostress survey device of temperature effect according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure rod (2)
Outside is equipped with thermally insulating housing.
4. considering the geostress survey device of temperature effect according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electric heater unit
(4) it is made of heating tube (41), attemperator (42) and Heat-insulation device (43), attemperator (42) and Heat-insulation device (43) surround
The hollow cylindrical structure of open top, heating tube (41) is coaxial with the hollow cylindrical structure and the side wall that sets within it
On, heating tube (41) is twist arranged.
5. considering the geostress survey device of temperature effect according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first extensometer
It (9) is model 3549-025M-0101- ST extensometer.
6. considering the geostress survey device of temperature effect according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second extensometer
It (10) is model 3580-025M-0101- ST extensometer.
7. considering the geostress survey device of temperature effect according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature sensor
It (11) is silicon dioxide insulator thermocouple.
8. a kind of earth stress measuring method for considering temperature effect, which is characterized in that this method is using any in claim 1-7
One geostress survey device for considering temperature effect measures, and includes the following steps:
Step 1: selected survey area drills through rock core in predetermined drilling depth, while obtaining rock temperature T at institute's drilling depth,
The rock sample (5) that six roots of sensation diameter is core diameter 1/2, the axis and rock of first rock sample (5) are drilled through in the inside of drilled through rock core
The heart is axially vertical, and second rock sample (5) and rock core are coaxial, rock core institute when will drill through first rock sample (5) and second rock sample (5)
Installed in place as rock core initial position, on the basis of initial position by rock core around its axis both clockwise be rotated by 90 ° after drill through third
Root rock sample (5), the axis and rock core axis of third root rock sample (5) are at 45 degree, by rock core around its axis on the basis of initial position
The 4th rock sample (5) is drilled through after rotating clockwise 135 degree, the axis and rock core axis of the 4th rock sample (5) are at 45 degree, with initial
Rock core is drilled through into the 5th rock sample (5), the axis of the 5th rock sample (5) after its axis both clockwise rotation 180 degree on the basis of position
Rock core is drilled through the six roots of sensation after 270 degree of the rotation of its axis both clockwise on the basis of initial position at 45 degree by line and rock core axis
Rock sample (5), the axis and rock core axis of six roots of sensation rock sample (5) mark obtained six roots of sensation rock sample (5) according to direction at 45 degree
Note, it is spare；
Step 2: any one rock sample (5) carries out detecting earth stress in selecting step 1, before to rock sample (5) heating, surveys first
The diameter of rock sample (5) is measured, and measurement result is inputted into client (7), obtains the cross-sectional area of rock sample (5), then by temperature sensing
The probe of device (11) is arranged on the side wall of rock sample (5), and the first extensometer (9) and the second extensometer (10) are finally mounted on rock
On sample (5)；
Step 3: being placed on obtained rock sample (5) is handled through step 2 in electric heater unit (4), rock sample (5) and pressure rod (2)
Coaxially, client (7) sends heating signal to electric heater unit (4), and electric heater unit (4) receives heating signal and to rock sample
(5) it is heated, while rock sample (5) temperature that temperature sensor (11) acquires it in real time sends client (7), rock sample to
(5) when temperature reaches rock temperature T at drilling depth acquired in step 1, the temperature is maintained 10 minutes；
Step 4: after the completion of heating, client (7) sends enabling signal to hydraulic power station (8), and hydraulic power station (8) reception is opened
Signal simultaneously starts, and the hydraulic oil in hydraulic power station (8) enters in hydraulic cylinder (12) through high-pressure oil pipe (6), hydraulic cylinder (12)
Piston rod pushes pressure rod (2) to carry out uniaxial compression load to rock sample (5), and acquisition was loading in real time by client (7)
Real-time pressure data, the first extensometer (9) axial strain data collected and the second extensometer (10) of journey middle infliction stress staff (2)
Radial strain data collected, and the cross-sectional area of the stress data by obtaining and the rock sample (5) being obtained ahead of time makees ratio, obtains
To stress data to get to first group of axial stress-strain data and first group of radial stress-strain data；
Step 5: repeating step 4 and obtain second group of axial stress-strain data and second group of radial stress-strain data；
Step 6: after load test, axially being answered second group of axial stress-strain data with first group by client (7)
Axial strain data corresponding to same axial stress σ subtract each other to obtain axial strain difference Δ ε and data point in power-strain data
(σ, Δ ε) draws axial stress-strain difference data curve according to the data point (σ, Δ ε) of acquisition, and wherein Δ ε meets such as ShiShimonoseki
It is formula:
Δ ε=ε2(σ)-ε1(σ)=ε2 T(σ)+ε2 UT(σ)-(ε1 T(σ)+ε1 UT(σ))
ε1(σ) is axial strain data corresponding to axial stress σ, ε in load for the first time1 T(σ) is axial in load for the first time
Temperature strain data, ε corresponding to stress σ1 UT(σ) is non-temperature strain number corresponding to axial stress σ in load for the first time
According to ε2(σ) is strain data corresponding to axial stress σ, ε in second of load2 T(σ) is axial stress σ in second of load
Corresponding temperature strain data, ε2 UT(σ) is non-temperature strain data corresponding to axial stress σ in second of load, due to
Temperature is identical twice, and therefore, temperature strain is directly offset twice；
Step 7: repeating step 6 and obtain radial stress-strain differential data and curves；
Step 8: by the corresponding radial stress in radial stress described in step 7-strain differential data and curves slope mutation place
Data are corresponding by axial stress-strain difference data slope of a curve mutation place described in step 6 as Reference Stress data
Axial stress data as proof stress data；
When the difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data is less than 5%, taking the proof stress data is to consider temperature
Crustal stress under effect；
When the difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data is greater than 5%, repetition step 1~step 7 is to rock sample (5) weight
It is newly tested, until difference between proof stress data and Reference Stress data less than 5%, takes the proof stress data to be
Consider the crustal stress under temperature effect；
Step 9: closing electric heater unit (4), after the geostress survey device of considered temperature effect and rock sample (5) cooling, take
The following group test is continued in rock sample (5) out, to the end of six roots of sensation rock sample (5) all test, gained is taken to consider the crustal stress under temperature effect
Crustal stress under consideration temperature effect corresponding to maximum rock sample (5) is principal stress, and corresponding rock sample (5) are oriented to principal stress
Direction.
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| CN110375917A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-10-25 | 江苏拓创科研仪器有限公司 | A kind of difference strain geostress survey device |
| CN111546257A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-08-18 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Tool and method for measuring radial static stiffness of metal rubber ball hinge |
| CN113701935A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-26 | 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心 | Three-dimensional ground stress acquisition system considering rock thermal expansion deformation |
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| CN113701935A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-26 | 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心 | Three-dimensional ground stress acquisition system considering rock thermal expansion deformation |
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