CN105758561A - Visual uniformly-distributed hydraulic fracturing ground stress measurement device and measurement method - Google Patents
Visual uniformly-distributed hydraulic fracturing ground stress measurement device and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105758561A CN105758561A CN201610208284.2A CN201610208284A CN105758561A CN 105758561 A CN105758561 A CN 105758561A CN 201610208284 A CN201610208284 A CN 201610208284A CN 105758561 A CN105758561 A CN 105758561A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/02—Measuring force or stress, in general by hydraulic or pneumatic means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a visual uniformly-distributed hydraulic fracturing ground stress measurement device and a measurement method, which belongs to a ground stress measurement device and a measurement method. The method comprises steps: 1, a surrounding rock is selected for testing the ground stress; 2, a related drilling rig is used for carrying out construction and drilling on a coal-rock mass; 3, a device is mounted, and a hydraulic lifting device is used for lifting a hydraulic fracturing and monitoring device to a surrounding rock ground stress test section and to be fixed; 4, liquid injection and pressurization are carried out, an explosion-proof high-pressure pump is used for water injection and pressurization on a collar hose via a pressurization hose, ground stress measurement through indirect hydraulic fracturing is realized, and a pressure sensor and a camera are opened to monitor the stress changes and surrounding rock deformation; 5, the pump is closed, and when the collar hose continuously pressurizes on the surrounding rock until a surrounding rock crack to be completely fractured, and the high-pressure pump is closed; 6, pressure relief is carried out, and when the pressure in the ground stress test section tends to be stable, the pressure in the test section is released; and 7, the above steps from the fourth to the sixth are repeated for three to five times, stress parameters are obtained, the rock fracturing state and the crack extending state are judged, and the data are processed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of geostress survey device and method, particularly a kind of based on visualizing the survey of uniform hydrofracturing crustal stress
Amount device and method.
Background technology
Crustal stress is present in the earth's crust not natural stress by Engineering Disturbance, and it is to underground engineering tunnel surrouding rock deformation and destroys tool
Have a certain impact.According to different measuring principles and measure equipment accordingly, there is different detecting earth stress methods.At present
The method measuring crustal stress has a lot, and wherein applying wider is stress relief method and hydraulic fracturing.Stress relief method is to rock mass
Integrity demands of a relatively high, broken rock mass is difficult to ensure that to the integrality of core, success rate is low, method of testing is complicated,
Cost is high；And although traditional hydraulic fracturing has that simple to operate, crag field of load is wide, fathom the advantage such as big, but
There is also many problems, such as, 1, lithology to country rock require higher, be not suitable for the rock mass of weak broken, 2, emphasize to enclose
The integrality of rock, it is desirable to selected test section is intact rock section, grows without initial fissure, and 3, measure information during crustal stress
Gather single, traditional hydraulic fracturing can only stressing conditions during collecting test, and enclosing of hydrofracturing cannot being caused
The situation of change of lithofraction gap is monitored in real time.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiency of existing earth stress measuring method, it is provided that a kind of simple in construction, operation
Convenient, be suitable for complex surrounding rock geological conditions based on visualizing uniform water pressure supporing device and method, can solve
Tradition water pressure supporing device is limited by weak-fracture zone and the problem of initial fissure growth rock mass.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the present invention includes based on visualizing uniform water pressure supporing device and survey
Metering method；
Described visualization uniform water pressure supporing device includes: flame proof high-pressure pump, accumulator, pressure duct, quiet
Be pressed into water pipe, Pressure gauge, pressure sensor, data acquisition recorder, pressurized hoses, hydraulic lifting apparatus, hydrofracturing and
Monitoring device；Flame proof high-pressure pump is connected with the input of accumulator, and the output of accumulator is filled with hydraulic pressure lift by pressure duct
Put connection, pressure duct has static pressure water inlet pipe, Pressure gauge, pressure sensor and pressurized hoses；Pressure sensor is by number
It is connected with data acquisition recorder according to transmission line；The front end of hydraulic lifting apparatus is connected with hydrofracturing and monitoring device.
Described hydraulic lifting apparatus includes hydraulic cylinder, piston rod and fixed tray；One end of piston rod is positioned at hydraulic cylinder, lives
The other end of stopper rod is connected with fixed tray, connects hydrofracturing and monitoring device on fixed tray.
Described hydrofracturing and monitoring device include high intensity ring pipe, draw-in groove, collar flexible pipe, interior seal disc, external seal dish,
Recording instrument firm banking, recording instrument, data line, pressurized hoses and bolt；High intensity ring pipe connects and has interior sealing
Dish and external seal dish, have collar flexible pipe outside high intensity ring pipe, collar flexible pipe extends between interior seal disc and external seal dish,
Connected by draw-in groove at the collar flexible pipe between interior seal disc and external seal dish；It is equipped with recording instrument firm banking at centre bit,
Connect under recording instrument firm banking and have data line；Recording instrument has multiple, fixes the end with the multi-faceted recording instrument that is arranged on of multi-angle
On seat.
Utilize the measuring method visualizing uniform water pressure supporing measurement device crustal stress: make hydraulic pressure by water filling pressurization
The collar flexible pipe of fracturing and monitoring device outer surface expands, and country rock is produced extruding, makes country rock produce crack, it is achieved hydraulic pressure
Fracturing geodetic stress；In the process, by the recording instrument in high intensity ring pipe to the wall-rock crack during detecting earth stress
Change is monitored in real time, it is achieved visualization is by collar flexible pipe mediate contact country rock hydrofracturing geodetic stress；
Specifically comprise the following steps that
(1), more complete country rock body is selected to measure；
(2), construction drill, boring requirement is: 1. construction drill diameter should be in the range of 75mm-100mm, it is ensured that crustal stress
Measurement apparatus matches with boring country rock, and 2. drillable length should reach 3-5 times of tunnel radius, it is ensured that institute's geodetic stress is protolith
3. stress holed and should be tried one's best to top board construction, is beneficial to the extension in crack；
(3), equipment install, first open static pressure water inlet pipe, make static pressure water enter in accumulator；Open flame proof high-pressure pump again, logical
Crossing high-pressure pump promotes the piston rod of hydraulic lifting apparatus and fixed tray to incite somebody to action visual the hydraulic cylinder fluid injection pressurization of hydraulic lifting apparatus
Change the hydrofracturing in uniform water pressure supporing device and monitoring device be lifted to country rock detecting earth stress section and fix,
Afterwards, hydraulic valve and the flame proof high-pressure pump of hydraulic cylinder are closed；
(4), fluid injection pressurization, reopen flame proof high-pressure pump, use flame proof high-pressure pump by pressure duct and pressurized hoses pair
Collar flexible pipe carries out water filling pressurization and monitors pump station pressure situation in real time to ensure to collar flexible pipe voltage supply abundance by Pressure gauge；Every
The continuous supercharging of quick-fried high-pressure pump, collar flexible pipe constantly expands, and thus boring country rock detecting earth stress section is applied pressure；Now, bore
Hole country rock, under the effect of the continuous expandable pressurized of collar flexible pipe, causes country rock to produce crack, meanwhile, opens pressure sensor and bat
Take the photograph instrument, start the variation in water pressure during detecting earth stress and wall-rock crack are grown to monitor in real time, and the data that will gather
It is transferred to data acquisition recorder by data line；
(5), close pump, when collar flexible pipe persistently to country rock pressurization until during wall-rock crack instant of complete cracking, recording critical pressure value,
Meanwhile, close high-pressure pump, stop pressurizeing to collar flexible pipe；Along with the pressure of test section slowly declines, record wall-rock crack and face
Force value during boundary's Guan Bi；
(6), release, when the pressure in detecting earth stress section tends to be steady or is no longer decreased obviously, air can be connected,
Promote the crack opened of completely closed, i.e. release the pressure in this test section；
(7), repeat above-mentioned (4), (5), (6) three steps 3-5 time, obtain many group stress parameters, in order to accurately
Judge rock ruptures the extension state with crack；After having tested, close recording instrument；And data acquisition recorder is recorded
Data and video comprehensively analyze, draw the relevant parameter of crustal stress according to hydrofracturing.
Beneficial effect, owing to have employed such scheme, the present invention is a kind of based on visualizing uniform water pressure supporing device
And method can realize the visualization of geostress survey, improve the precision of geostress survey, expand hydrofracturing geodetic stress
The scope of application.Different from the device of tradition hydrofracturing geodetic stress, the device of tradition hydrofracturing geodetic stress all passes through
Directly to country rock water filling pressurization to realize measuring the purpose of crustal stress, but the present invention uses collar flexible pipe water filling indirectly to press country rock
Method carry out geostress survey, which greatly enhances the scope of application of hydrofracturing geodetic stress, solve tradition hydrofracturing
Geostress survey device is limited by weak-fracture zone and the problem of initial fissure growth rock mass, and, owing to using indirect hydraulic pressure
The method of fracturing, it is to avoid the rock lithology impact on measurement result, improves the precision of hydrofracturing geodetic stress.Meanwhile,
The present invention is a kind of to be made based on the material visualizing uniform water pressure supporing device and method employing transparency splendid, and
At the internally installed recording instrument having Multi-orientation multi-angle of measurement apparatus, can to during hydrofracturing wall-rock crack distribution situation and
Developmental state monitors shooting in real time, and can the related data of collection be transferred in data acquisition recorder, it is simple to phase in the future
Close scientific research personnel and comprehensively analyze geostress survey value, be favorably improved the degree of accuracy of geostress survey result, it is achieved geostress survey
Visualization and the diversification of information gathering.
Advantage: enclosing lithologies and integrated degree are required relatively low by (1), applied widely；
(2) hydrofracturing process can be carried out captured in real-time, it is achieved that the visualization of hydrofracturing geodetic stress, measure and gather letter
Breath diversification；
(3) measurement result precision improves, analysis result more diversification.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram visualizing uniform water pressure supporing device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is hydrofracturing and the schematic diagram of monitoring device of the present invention.
In figure: 1, flame proof high-pressure pump；2, accumulator；3, pressure duct；4, static pressure water inlet pipe；5, Pressure gauge；6, pressure
Force snesor；7, data acquisition recorder；8, hydraulic cylinder；9, piston rod；10, fixed tray；11, data line；
12, hydrofracturing and monitoring device；13, top board and rock fracture section；14, base plate；15, pressurized hoses；16, high intensity
Ring pipe；17, draw-in groove；18, collar flexible pipe；19, interior seal disc；20, external seal dish；21, bolt；22, recording instrument
Firm banking.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention includes based on visualizing uniform water pressure supporing device and measuring method；
Described visualization uniform water pressure supporing device includes: flame proof high-pressure pump 1, accumulator 2, pressure duct 3,
Static pressure water inlet pipe 4, Pressure gauge 5, pressure sensor 6, data acquisition recorder 7, pressurized hoses 15, hydraulic lifting apparatus,
Hydrofracturing and monitoring device 12；Flame proof high-pressure pump 1 is connected with the input of accumulator 2, and the output of accumulator 2 is by height
Pressure pipe road 3 is connected with hydraulic lifting apparatus, has static pressure water inlet pipe 4, Pressure gauge 5, pressure sensor 6 on pressure duct 3
With pressurized hoses 15；Pressure sensor 6 is connected with data acquisition recorder 7 by data line 11；Hydraulic lifting apparatus
Front end be connected with hydrofracturing and monitoring device 12.
Described hydraulic lifting apparatus includes hydraulic cylinder 8, piston rod 9 and fixed tray 10；One end of piston rod 9 is positioned at hydraulic pressure
In cylinder 8, the other end of piston rod 9 is connected with fixed tray 10, connects hydrofracturing and monitoring device on fixed tray 10
12。
Described hydrofracturing and monitoring device 12 include high intensity ring pipe 16, draw-in groove 17, collar flexible pipe 18, interior seal disc
19, external seal dish 20, recording instrument firm banking 22, recording instrument, data line 11, pressurized hoses 15 and bolt 21；?
Connect on high intensity ring pipe 16 and have interior seal disc 19 and external seal dish 20, outside high intensity ring pipe 16, have collar flexible pipe 18,
Extend between interior seal disc 19 and external seal dish 20 on collar flexible pipe 18, be positioned at seal disc 19 and external seal dish 20
Between collar flexible pipe 18 connected by draw-in groove 17；It is equipped with recording instrument firm banking 22, recording instrument firm banking 22 at centre bit
Lower connection has data line 11；Recording instrument has multiple, is arranged on recording instrument firm banking 22 so that multi-angle is multi-faceted.
Utilize the measuring method visualizing uniform water pressure supporing measurement device crustal stress: make hydraulic pressure by water filling pressurization
The collar flexible pipe of fracturing and monitoring device outer surface expands, and country rock is produced extruding, makes country rock produce crack, it is achieved hydraulic pressure
Fracturing geodetic stress；In the process, by the recording instrument in high intensity ring pipe to the wall-rock crack during detecting earth stress
Change is monitored in real time, it is achieved visualization is by collar flexible pipe mediate contact country rock hydrofracturing geodetic stress；
Specifically comprise the following steps that
(1), more complete country rock body is selected to measure；
(2), construction drill, boring requirement is: 1. construction drill diameter should be in the range of 75mm-100mm, it is ensured that crustal stress
Measurement apparatus matches with boring country rock, and 2. drillable length should reach 3-5 times of tunnel radius, it is ensured that institute's geodetic stress is protolith
3. stress holed and should be tried one's best to top board construction, is beneficial to the extension in crack；
(3), equipment install, first open static pressure water inlet pipe, make static pressure water enter in accumulator；Open flame proof high-pressure pump again, logical
Crossing high-pressure pump promotes the piston rod of hydraulic lifting apparatus and fixed tray to incite somebody to action visual the hydraulic cylinder fluid injection pressurization of hydraulic lifting apparatus
Change the hydrofracturing in uniform water pressure supporing device and monitoring device be lifted to country rock detecting earth stress section and fix,
Afterwards, hydraulic valve and the flame proof high-pressure pump of hydraulic cylinder are closed；
(4), fluid injection pressurization, reopen flame proof high-pressure pump, use flame proof high-pressure pump by pressure duct and pressurized hoses pair
Collar flexible pipe carries out water filling pressurization and monitors pump station pressure situation in real time to ensure to collar flexible pipe voltage supply abundance by Pressure gauge；Every
The continuous supercharging of quick-fried high-pressure pump, collar flexible pipe constantly expands, and thus boring country rock detecting earth stress section is applied pressure；Now, bore
Hole country rock, under the effect of the continuous expandable pressurized of collar flexible pipe, causes country rock to produce crack, meanwhile, opens pressure sensor and bat
Take the photograph instrument, start the variation in water pressure during detecting earth stress and wall-rock crack are grown to monitor in real time, and the data that will gather
It is transferred to data acquisition recorder by data line；
(5), close pump, when collar flexible pipe persistently to country rock pressurization until during wall-rock crack instant of complete cracking, recording critical pressure value,
Meanwhile, close high-pressure pump, stop pressurizeing to collar flexible pipe；Along with the pressure of test section slowly declines, record wall-rock crack and face
Force value during boundary's Guan Bi；
(6), release, when the pressure in detecting earth stress section tends to be steady or is no longer decreased obviously, air can be connected,
Promote the crack opened of completely closed, i.e. release the pressure in this test section；
(7), repeat above-mentioned (4), (5), (6) three steps 3-5 time, obtain many group stress parameters, in order to accurately
Judge rock ruptures the extension state with crack；After having tested, close recording instrument；And data acquisition recorder is recorded
Data and video comprehensively analyze, draw the relevant parameter of crustal stress according to hydrofracturing.
Embodiment 1: the present invention a kind of based on visualize uniform water pressure supporing device detecting earth stress method by with
Under several steps composition:
1, more complete country rock body is selected to measure；
2, construction drill, boring requirement is: 1. construction drill diameter should be in the range of 75mm-100mm, it is ensured that geostress survey
Device matches with boring country rock, and 2. drillable length should reach 3-5 times of tunnel radius, it is ensured that institute's geodetic stress is the stress of primary rock
3. boring should be tried one's best to top board construction, is beneficial to the extension in crack；
3, equipment is installed, and first opens static pressure water inlet pipe (4), makes static pressure water enter in accumulator (2).Afterwards, flame proof is opened
High-pressure pump (1), promotes hydraulic lifting apparatus by high-pressure pump (1) to hydraulic cylinder (8) the fluid injection pressurization of hydraulic lifting apparatus
Piston rod (9) and fixed tray (10) are by the hydrofracturing visualized in uniform water pressure supporing device and monitoring
Device (12) is lifted to country rock detecting earth stress section and fixes, and afterwards, closes hydraulic valve and the flame proof high-pressure pump of hydraulic cylinder (8)
(1)；
4, fluid injection pressurization, reopens flame proof high-pressure pump (1), use flame proof high-pressure pump (1) by pressure duct (3) with
And pressurized hoses (15) carries out water filling pressurization and by Pressure gauge (5) monitoring pump station pressure situation in real time to collar flexible pipe (16)
Sufficient to ensure to collar flexible pipe (16) voltage supply.Due to the continuous supercharging of flame proof high-pressure pump (1), collar flexible pipe (16) is made to send out
Raw expansion, thus boring country rock detecting earth stress section is applied pressure, now, boring country rock can be due to collar flexible pipe (16)
Constantly expandable pressurized and cause country rock to produce crack, meanwhile, open pressure sensor (6) and recording instrument, start crustal stress is surveyed
Variation in water pressure and wall-rock crack during examination are grown and are monitored in real time, and the data gathered are passed through data line (11)
It is transferred to data acquisition recorder (7)；
5, close pump, when country rock is persistently pressurizeed until wall-rock crack instant of complete cracking by collar flexible pipe (16), record critical pressure value,
Meanwhile, close high-pressure pump (1), stop pressurizeing to collar flexible pipe (16).Along with the pressure of test section slowly declines, record
Force value during the critical Guan Bi of wall-rock crack；
6, release, when the pressure in detecting earth stress section tends to be steady or is no longer decreased obviously, can connect air, promote
The crack opened is of completely closed, i.e. releases the pressure in this test section；
7, above-mentioned 4,5,6 three steps 3-5 time is repeated, to obtain rational stress parameter and accurately to judge rupturing of rock
Extension state with crack.After having tested, close recording instrument.And data that data acquisition recorder (7) recorded and regarding
Frequency is comprehensively analyzed, and draws the relevant parameter of crustal stress according to the principle of hydrofracturing.
Claims (4)
1. based on visualizing a uniform water pressure supporing device, it is characterized in that: this measurement apparatus includes: flame proof is high
Press pump, accumulator, static pressure water inlet pipe, pressure duct, pressure sensor, data acquisition recorder, Pressure gauge, pressurized hoses,
Hydraulic lifting apparatus, hydrofracturing and monitoring device；Flame proof high-pressure pump is connected with the input of accumulator, the output of accumulator
It is connected with hydraulic lifting apparatus by pressure duct, pressure duct has static pressure water inlet pipe, Pressure gauge, pressure sensor and increasing
Pressure flexible pipe；Pressure sensor is connected with data acquisition recorder by data line；The front end of hydraulic lifting apparatus causes with hydraulic pressure
Split and monitoring device connects.
The most according to claim 1 based on visualizing uniform water pressure supporing device, it is characterized in that: described
Hydraulic lifting apparatus includes hydraulic cylinder, piston rod and fixed tray；One end of piston rod is positioned at hydraulic cylinder, another of piston rod
End is connected with fixed tray, connects hydrofracturing and monitoring device on fixed tray.
The most according to claim 1 based on visualizing uniform water pressure supporing device, it is characterized in that: described
Hydrofracturing and monitoring device include that high intensity ring pipe, draw-in groove, collar flexible pipe, interior seal disc, external seal dish, recording instrument are solid
Determine base, recording instrument, data line, pressurized hoses and bolt；High intensity ring pipe connects and has interior seal disc and outer close
Closing disk, has collar flexible pipe outside high intensity ring pipe, collar flexible pipe extends to, between interior seal disc and external seal dish, be positioned at
Collar flexible pipe between interior seal disc and external seal dish is connected by draw-in groove；It is equipped with recording instrument firm banking, recording instrument at centre bit
Connect under firm banking and have data line；Recording instrument has multiple, is arranged on recording instrument firm banking so that multi-angle is multi-faceted.
4. the detecting earth stress method based on the uniform water pressure supporing device of visualization described in claim 1, it is special
Levy and be: measuring method makes the collar flexible pipe of hydrofracturing and monitoring device outer surface expand by water filling pressurization, produces country rock
Raw extruding, makes country rock produce crack, it is achieved hydrofracturing geodetic stress；In the process, by the bat in high intensity ring pipe
Take the photograph instrument the wall-rock crack change during detecting earth stress is monitored in real time, it is achieved visualization is enclosed by collar flexible pipe mediate contact
Rock hydrofracturing geodetic stress；
Specifically comprise the following steps that
(1), more complete country rock body is selected to measure；
(2), construction drill, boring requirement is: 1. construction drill diameter should be in the range of 75mm-100mm, it is ensured that crustal stress
Measurement apparatus matches with boring country rock, and 2. drillable length should reach 3-5 times of tunnel radius, it is ensured that institute's geodetic stress is protolith
3. stress holed and should be tried one's best to top board construction, is beneficial to the extension in crack；
(3), equipment install, first open static pressure water inlet pipe, make static pressure water enter in accumulator；Open flame proof high-pressure pump again, logical
Crossing high-pressure pump promotes the piston rod of hydraulic lifting apparatus and fixed tray to incite somebody to action visual the hydraulic cylinder fluid injection pressurization of hydraulic lifting apparatus
Change the hydrofracturing in uniform water pressure supporing device and monitoring device be lifted to country rock detecting earth stress section and fix,
Afterwards, hydraulic valve and the flame proof high-pressure pump of hydraulic cylinder are closed；
(4), fluid injection pressurization, reopen flame proof high-pressure pump, use flame proof high-pressure pump by pressure duct and pressurized hoses pair
Collar flexible pipe carries out water filling pressurization and monitors pump station pressure situation in real time to ensure to collar flexible pipe voltage supply abundance by Pressure gauge；Every
The continuous supercharging of quick-fried high-pressure pump, collar flexible pipe constantly expands, and thus boring country rock detecting earth stress section is applied pressure；Now, bore
Hole country rock, under the effect of the continuous expandable pressurized of collar flexible pipe, causes country rock to produce crack, meanwhile, opens pressure sensor and bat
Take the photograph instrument, start the variation in water pressure during detecting earth stress and wall-rock crack are grown to monitor in real time, and the data that will gather
It is transferred to data acquisition recorder by data line；
(5), close pump, when collar flexible pipe persistently to country rock pressurization until during wall-rock crack instant of complete cracking, recording critical pressure value,
Meanwhile, close high-pressure pump, stop pressurizeing to collar flexible pipe；Along with the pressure of test section slowly declines, record wall-rock crack and face
Force value during boundary's Guan Bi；
(6), release, when the pressure in detecting earth stress section tends to be steady or is no longer decreased obviously, air can be connected,
Promote the crack opened of completely closed, i.e. release the pressure in this test section；
(7), repeat above-mentioned (4), (5), (6) three steps 3-5 time, obtain many group stress parameters, in order to accurately
Judge rock ruptures the extension state with crack；After having tested, close recording instrument；And data acquisition recorder is recorded
Data and video comprehensively analyze, draw the relevant parameter of crustal stress according to hydrofracturing.
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