CN203822282U - Confining pressure hydrofracture experimental facility - Google Patents
Confining pressure hydrofracture experimental facility Download PDFInfo
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- CN203822282U CN203822282U CN201420254276.8U CN201420254276U CN203822282U CN 203822282 U CN203822282 U CN 203822282U CN 201420254276 U CN201420254276 U CN 201420254276U CN 203822282 U CN203822282 U CN 203822282U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a confining pressure hydrofracture experimental facility, and relates to a sample. The confining pressure hydrofracture experimental facility comprises a confining pressure device and an acquisition device for acquiring information, relevant to an event, generated when the event of the sample occurs. The confining pressure device comprises a bearing shaft, an end cover, a cavity, an exhaust valve, a first water injection valve, a second water injection valve, a third water injection valve, a vacuum valve, a pressure transformer, a water pump and a water injection pipe, wherein the end cover and the cavity form sealing space. The acquisition device comprises a sound emission sensor, a sound receiver, a stress strain gage and a stress strain meter. The defect that cracks cannot be positioned in the prior art is overcome, and traditional man-made influences based on a continuous mechanics method are avoided; by the utilization of the sound emission principle, the stress effect and the strain effect, real parameters generated in the fracture process can be obtained, especially fracture positions can be positioned, a series of characteristics of waveforms, frequency and the like generated in the fracture release process are recorded, and hydrofracture relevant parameter change and fracture rules of different coal rock samples under different confining pressure conditions are simulated.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities.
Background technology
Hydraulic fracture technology is applied in the earliest petroleum works and improves oil-poor well yield, becomes gradually one of reliable method of measuring the former geostatic stress of deep formation.In the exploitation of geothermal energy resources, the fields such as storage of nuke rubbish have also obtained important application.Therefore, hydraulic fracturing technology has essential industry value and economic benefit.
Fracture pressure in fracturing is well fluids downhole pressure while making stratum produce hydraulic fracture or open primary fracture, and fracture pressure gradient refers to that the ratio of fracture pressure and the degree of depth is referred to as fracture pressure gradient, formation fracture pressure is the Main Basis of determining down-hole string, downhole tool, wellhead assembly pressure limit; Superlatively face-pumping in the time of can determining pressing crack construction according to fracture pressure is pressed, infusion discharge capacity and need use plant capacity.Formation fracture pressure is higher at present, is because stratum geostatic stress is large; A little less than heterogeneity, under HTHP, plasticity is strong, and poisson's ratio is large; Stratum permeability is low; Fracture pressure difference between high infiltration and impervious bed can reach more than 30%; Stratum plasticity is large, and deformability is strong, is difficult for pressure break.
In fracturing, hydraulic fracture crack initiation, from point source, progressively connects into line source seam, pit shaft around fracture initiation may be many seams, in fracture extension process, progressively form a main seam, formation fracture forms crack, first will overcome the tensile strength of geostatic stress and rock.In general, the tensile strength of rock is more much lower than compressive strength, and due to the effect of joint or intrinsic fracture, and in the pattern of some formation fractures, also adopting tensile strength of rock is zero hypothesis.The extension in crack refers to that rock rupture forms behind crack, in seam, under fluid pressure effect, continue the process of expansion forward, main research side direction and vertical on extension, its extension plane is always perpendicular to the main stress direction of minimum, also along the main stress direction of maximum.Formation fracture is more complicated in the geometric shape in formation crack, nearly pit shaft area, may be also many seams.Along with the extension in crack, form gradually a main seam, under the conditions such as intrinsic fracture growth, will there will be multiple cracking.The extending pressure in crack refers to the needed pressure of vee crack, generally lower than fracture pressure, but the stratum that some intrinsic fracture is grown, formation fracture pressure is also not obvious.
In Chinese Patent Application No.: disclose a kind of coal petrographic drilling hydraulic fracture experimental facilities in 201010612685, comprise sampling device system, confined pressure system, fracturing system, closed system and monitoring system, sampling device system comprises sample cylinder, bottom in sample cylinder is provided with screen drum, screen drum bottom is provided with outlet pipe, in the sample cylinder of screen drum top, be loaded with sample, in sample, be provided with simulation boring; Confined pressure system comprises inflation subsystem and water-filling subsystem, and fracturing system comprises fracturing high-pressure hydraulic pump, and the delivery port of fracturing high-pressure hydraulic pump is connected with described simulation boring by fracturing pipeline; Closed system comprises sample cylinder sealing device and experiment cylinder sealing device; Monitoring system comprises the calibrate AE sensor being located on sample cylinder outer wall.This technical scheme can be carried out simulated experiment in laboratory, find out this coal bed drilling fracturing process fracture initiation, expansion, extension Changing Pattern under coal mine, understands fracture extension direction, and then guide field pressure break, thereby greatly improves fracturing effect.But, often there is a big difference with measured value for the fracture propagation pressure that prediction obtains, this is because this technical scheme can not accurately be located by fracture, can not carry out the analysis of stress, strain effect, some assumed conditions that design a model, formation condition that might not be realistic, so this experimental facilities need further improvement.
Utility model content
For the problems referred to above, the utility model provides a kind of can carry out the fracture model experiment of water filling pressure to different coal petrography samples under different confined pressures, and in experiment, effectively observes the device of hydraulic fracture form and position, i.e. a kind of confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities.
In order to address the above problem, the technical scheme that the utility model provides is:
A confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities, relates to sample, when the event that comprise confining pressure device, gathers described sample occurs and event harvester for information about; Described confining pressure device comprises backup rolls, end cap, forms cavity, outlet valve, first, second, third water injection valve, vacuum pump, pressure transmitter, water pump, the water injection pipe of seal cavity with described end cap; Described backup rolls passes described end cap and gos deep in described cavity, described outlet valve is communicated with described inside cavity, insert in described sample described water injection pipe one end, the other end is connected with described the second water injection valve, the other end of described the second water injection valve is connected with described vacuum-pump line, described pressure transmitter one end is connected with vacuum-pump line, the other end is connected with described the first water injection valve pipeline, described the 3rd water injection valve is communicated with described inside cavity, and described the first water injection valve, the 3rd water injection valve are all connected with described water pump pipeline; Described harvester comprises calibrate AE sensor, sound receiver, ess-strain sheet, stress-strain gage, described calibrate AE sensor, ess-strain sheet are arranged on described specimen surface, described calibrate AE sensor is electrically connected to described sound receiver, and described ess-strain sheet is electrically connected to described stress-strain gage.By utilizing acoustic emission principle, stress, strain effect, the real fracturing process of sample comparatively, especially can orient rupture location, the record serial features such as the waveform that discharges and frequency of breaking, simulate under different confined pressure conditions, the relevant parameter of different coal petrography sample fracturing changes and the rule of breaking.
Preferably, described water injection pipe is metal tube.
Preferably, described metal tube is copper pipe.
Preferably, described water pump is plunger metering pump; The flow of plunger metering pump can be from 0 percent to a hundred per cent dynamic adjustments; Pulse is little, stable working.
Preferably, the coal petrography sample that described sample is stratum.
Preferably, described cavity is provided with discharging valve, and be convenient to water in cavity to bleed off, thereby continue next group experiment,
Preferably, described cavity is transparent cavity, is convenient to observe outward at cavity.
Preferably, described harvester also comprises the video camera being located at outside cavity, while breaking by camera record sample, for information about, sample pressure break image can be detected.
Preferably, the using method of described confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities,
(1) at specimen surface, calibrate AE sensor, ess-strain sheet are installed, sample is put into cavity, and the plug of water injection pipe is injected in sample;
(2) cover end cap, backup rolls is pushed down to coal petrography sample through end cap;
(3) close the first water injection valve, outlet valve, open the second water injection valve, start vacuum pump and bleed;
(4) bleed completely, close the second water injection valve and vacuum pump, open the 3rd water injection valve, start water pump to water filling in cavity; In the injecting process, by outlet valve, discharge unnecessary gas;
(5) stop water pump after reaching predetermined test pressure, close the 3rd water injection valve;
(6) by backup rolls, sample is applied to different axial forces; Open first, second water injection valve, to water filling in sample, until sample breaks simultaneously; Pressure transmitter is opened when water filling in coal petrography sample, real-time testing water injection pressure;
(7) when sample breaks, calibrate AE sensor and ess-strain sheet send corresponding signal, and sound receiver and stress-strain gage are processed after receiving signal, obtain fracturing process parameter, and video camera obtains sample pressure break image.
Preferably, after the ducted moisture that remove water injection pipe, is connected with described the second water injection valve, vacuum pump, carry out again step (3).
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
The utility model overcome prior art cannot fracture the deficiency of location, avoid the man's activity of tradition based on continuity mechanics method; By utilizing acoustic emission principle, stress, strain effect, can obtain comparatively really fracturing process parameter, especially can orient rupture location, the record serial features such as the waveform that discharges and frequency of breaking, simulate under different confined pressure conditions, the relevant parameter of different coal petrography sample fracturing changes and the rule of breaking; Can simulate different confined pressures, can test in different confined pressure situations hydraulic fracturing coal petrography break rule, can test the pressure threshold value of hydraulic fracturing coal petrography in different confined pressure situations, the rule of breaking that can test hydraulic fracturing defect coal petrography in different confined pressure situations.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation.
In figure: 1, backup rolls, 2, end cap, 3, cavity, 4, outlet valve, 5, the first water injection valve, the 6, second water injection valve, 7, vacuum pump, 8, pressure transmitter, 9, plunger metering pump, the 10, the 3rd water injection valve, 11, sample, 12, copper pipe, 13, calibrate AE sensor, 14, ess-strain sheet, 15, discharging valve, 16, video camera, 17, water source, 18, sound receiver, 19, stress-strain gage.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described further:
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities of the present utility model, relates to sample 11, the coal petrography sample that sample 11 is stratum; When the event that comprise confining pressure device, gathers sample 11 occurs and event harvester for information about; Confining pressure device comprises backup rolls 1, end cap 2, forms transparent cavity 3, outlet valve 4, first, second, third water injection valve, vacuum pump 7, pressure transmitter 8, plunger metering pump 9, the 3rd water injection valve 10, the copper pipe 12 of seal cavities with end cap 2; Backup rolls 1 passes end cap 2 and gos deep in cavity 3, outlet valve 4 and cavity 3 internal communication, insert in sample 11 copper pipe 12 one end, the other end is connected with the second water injection valve 6, the other end of the second water injection valve 6 is connected with vacuum pump 7 pipelines, and pressure transmitter 8 one end are connected with vacuum pump 7 pipelines, and the other end is connected with the first water injection valve 5 pipelines, confined pressure water injection valve 10 and cavity 3 internal communication, the first water injection valve 5, the 3rd water injection valve 10 are all connected with plunger metering pump 9 pipelines; Harvester comprises calibrate AE sensor 13, sound receiver 18, ess-strain sheet 14, stress-strain gage 19, calibrate AE sensor 13, ess-strain sheet 14 are arranged on sample 11 surfaces, calibrate AE sensor 13 is electrically connected to sound receiver 18, carries out signal transmission; Ess-strain sheet 14 is electrically connected to stress-strain gage 19, carries out signal transmission; Cavity 3 is provided with discharging valve 15, the video camera 16 outside cavity 3; Plunger metering pump 9 is connected with water source 17; Transparent cavity 3 is convenient to observe, record, when video camera 16 records sample and breaks for information about.
The using method of this device,
(1) on sample 11 surfaces, calibrate AE sensor 13, ess-strain sheet 14 are installed, sample 11 is put into cavity 3, and the plug of copper pipe 12 is injected in sample 11;
(2) cover end cap 2, backup rolls 1 is pushed down to coal petrography sample 11 through end cap 2;
(3) remove copper pipe 12, with the ducted moisture that the second water injection valve 6, vacuum pump 7 are connected, close the first water injection valve 5, outlet valve 4, open the second water injection valve 6, startup vacuum pump 7 is bled;
(4) bleed completely, close the second water injection valve 6 and vacuum pump 7, open the 3rd water injection valve 10, start plunger metering pump 9 to water filling in cavity 3; In the injecting process, by outlet valve 4, discharge unnecessary gas;
(5) reach stop plunger measuring pump 9 after predetermined test pressure, close the 3rd water injection valve 10;
(6) by 1 pair of sample 11 of backup rolls, apply different axial forces; Open first, second water injection valve, to water filling in sample 11, until sample breaks simultaneously; Pressure transmitter 8 is opened when water filling in coal petrography sample 11, real-time testing water injection pressure;
(7) when sample breaks, calibrate AE sensor 13 and ess-strain sheet 14 send corresponding signal, after sound receiver 18 and stress-strain gage 19 receive signal, process, and obtain fracturing process parameter, and video camera 16 obtains sample pressure break image.
Certainly, also can utilize gas or oily thing to replace water, can realize equally and apply confined pressure object.
More than show and described basic principle of the present utility model, principal character and advantage of the present utility model.The technician of the industry should understand; the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and manual, describes just illustrates principle of the present utility model; do not departing under the prerequisite of the utility model spirit and scope; the utility model also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of claimed the utility model.The claimed scope of the utility model is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. a confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities, is characterized in that: relate to sample, when the event that comprise confining pressure device, gathers described sample occurs and event harvester for information about; Described confining pressure device comprises backup rolls, end cap, forms cavity, outlet valve, first, second, third water injection valve, vacuum pump, pressure transmitter, water pump, the water injection pipe of seal cavity with described end cap; Described cavity is provided with discharging valve, described backup rolls passes described end cap and gos deep in described cavity, described outlet valve is communicated with described inside cavity, insert in described sample described water injection pipe one end, the other end is connected with described the second water injection valve, the other end of described the second water injection valve is connected with described vacuum-pump line, described pressure transmitter one end is connected with vacuum-pump line, the other end is connected with described the first water injection valve pipeline, described the 3rd water injection valve is communicated with described inside cavity, and described the first water injection valve, the 3rd water injection valve are all connected with described water pump pipeline; Described harvester comprises calibrate AE sensor, sound receiver, ess-strain sheet, stress-strain gage, described calibrate AE sensor, ess-strain sheet are arranged on described specimen surface, described calibrate AE sensor is electrically connected to described sound receiver, and described ess-strain sheet is electrically connected to described stress-strain gage.
2. confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described water injection pipe is metal tube.
3. confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described metal tube is copper pipe.
4. confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described water pump is plunger metering pump.
5. confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the coal petrography sample that described sample is stratum.
6. confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cavity is provided with discharging valve.
7. confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cavity is transparent cavity.
8. confined pressure fracturing experimental facilities according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described harvester also comprises the video camera being located at outside cavity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420254276.8U CN203822282U (en) | 2014-05-17 | 2014-05-17 | Confining pressure hydrofracture experimental facility |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420254276.8U CN203822282U (en) | 2014-05-17 | 2014-05-17 | Confining pressure hydrofracture experimental facility |
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| CN203822282U true CN203822282U (en) | 2014-09-10 |
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| CN201420254276.8U Withdrawn - After Issue CN203822282U (en) | 2014-05-17 | 2014-05-17 | Confining pressure hydrofracture experimental facility |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104005747A (en) * | 2014-05-17 | 2014-08-27 | 成云海 | Confining pressure hydraulic fracturing experiment device and use method thereof |
| CN104975837A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-10-14 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Hydraulic fracture initiation vertical extension control simulation device |
| CN104989359A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-10-21 | 东北石油大学 | Non-homogeneity layering injection oriented fracturing experimental device |
| CN106501088A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-03-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of simulation rock meets assay device and its test method that water softens |
| CN106771072A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 大连理工大学 | Continue the Mineral rheology pilot system of water environment effect |
-
2014
- 2014-05-17 CN CN201420254276.8U patent/CN203822282U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104005747A (en) * | 2014-05-17 | 2014-08-27 | 成云海 | Confining pressure hydraulic fracturing experiment device and use method thereof |
| CN104005747B (en) * | 2014-05-17 | 2016-06-22 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of confined pressure hydraulic fracturing experiments device and using method thereof |
| CN104989359A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-10-21 | 东北石油大学 | Non-homogeneity layering injection oriented fracturing experimental device |
| CN104975837A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-10-14 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Hydraulic fracture initiation vertical extension control simulation device |
| CN106771072A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 大连理工大学 | Continue the Mineral rheology pilot system of water environment effect |
| CN106501088A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-03-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of simulation rock meets assay device and its test method that water softens |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20140910 Effective date of abandoning: 20160622 |
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| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |