CN107955580A - 一种阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WQYSXVGEZYESBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophosphoryl chloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=S WQYSXVGEZYESBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J183/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J183/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
- C07F7/1872—Preparation; Treatments not provided for in C07F7/20
- C07F7/1892—Preparation; Treatments not provided for in C07F7/20 by reactions not provided for in C07F7/1876 - C07F7/1888
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
- C08L2312/08—Crosslinking by silane
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,制备所述阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶的原料包括含噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂。本发明阻燃耐高温单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶配方中的偶联剂引入苯并噁嗪和乙烯基,乙烯基可以参与聚合物的交联反应使得偶联剂和聚合物之间有良好的化学结合;苯并噁嗪是含有极性官能团的六元杂环化合物,含有的刚性苯环能使其具有优异的热稳定性;高温下开环后酚羟基和Mannich桥基的N原子间形成的分子间和分子内氢键加强了界面粘结作用,从而保持良好的力学性能。本发明阻燃耐高温单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶,不仅环保、耐腐蚀,且具有良好的耐高温、阻燃,界面粘结力等性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及密封胶领域,特别涉及一种阻燃耐高温单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
硅酮密封胶是一种新型高分子密封材料,主要由端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷为基础聚合物,辅以交联剂、偶联剂、催化剂及填料配制而成,其主链主要由硅一氧一硅键组成,在固化过程中交联剂与基础聚合物反应形成网状的Si-O-Si骨架结构,从而赋予了硅酮密封胶优异的耐候性、耐高低温性、耐水性和电绝缘性能,因此被广泛应用于建筑、电子电气、机械制造、航天航空、汽车工业、医疗卫生等领域。
虽然硅酮密封胶市场前景广阔,但其在使用过程中遇到很多问题,如在某些精密仪器部件组装和汽车维修组装过程中,因长期处在高温条件下,导致界面破坏而失效;又如建筑幕墙材料,由于长期暴露在户外,极易受到高温及紫外线的影响,很容易出现粘结强度下降;而且硅酮胶本身可燃,遇明火会燃烧,并且难自熄。以上种种问题使硅酮胶的应用受到了限制,因此,有效提高硅酮密封胶的耐热性、阻燃性及粘结性成为目前人们关注的焦点之一。
中国专利CN 106800910A公开了一种环保型阻燃硅酮胶的制备方法,使用超细三氧化二锑阻燃剂作填料和阻燃剂,实现了很好的阻燃性和挤出性,但是三氧化二锑阻燃剂比其他原材料价格高,不利于降低生产成本。
中国专利CN 102766431A公开了一种高粘接性的硅酮密封胶,在硅酮胶的合成过程中,在羟基封端的聚硅氧烷主链中引入含硫基团,通过羟基封端的聚硅氧烷与硫基聚硅氧烷混合使用,明显提高硅酮密封胶的粘附着力,尤其是与金属、玻璃等基材的粘合力大大增强,但无明显的耐热性和阻燃性。
中国专利CN 105694799A公开了一种阻燃型脱醇硅酮密封胶的制备方法,该密封胶添加了一种利用十四醇以及三氯硫磷等物质混合加热制成白色固体,再将其与甲基丙烯酸甲酯等物质混合,并进行辐照接枝改性,得到亲油暂溶阻燃剂,从而使密封胶阻燃性能好,粘结力也大大提高,但是该阻燃剂含有氯硫磷等元素,燃烧会产生有毒物质。
中国专利CN 106085342A公开了一种单组分高导热硅酮胶及其制备方法,将端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷75-95份、稀释剂9-13份、石墨粉50-60份、阻燃填料20-35份;填料25-35份、催化剂2-3份、交联剂3.5-5.5份和偶联剂2-3.5份制成单组分高导热硅酮胶。该硅酮胶具有良好的阻燃性、耐高低温、抗氧化等性能,但是阻燃填料为活性氢氧化镁或活性氢氧化铝,与体系存在相容性问题,并且过多使用阻燃填料会使力学性能下降。
中国专利CN 1613950A公开了一种纳米稀土硅酮密封胶,在原常温硅酮密封胶的基础上,增加了稀土元素、纳米碳酸钙,提高了密封胶的耐油、耐水、耐候性能,且不流淌、耐温范围可达-60~+300℃,但未提及稀土元素具体相关物质,可能与体系存在相容性问题。
综述所述,现在大部分硅酮密封胶都是通过添加耐热剂和阻燃剂的方法达到耐热阻燃的效果,但是大部分耐热剂都是金属氧化物或稀土元素,与体系存在相容性问题;阻燃剂都是卤系、磷系以及无机阻燃剂,加入这些物质会产生相容性差、燃烧时产生有毒物质造成环境污染等问题。因此,寻求一种能够赋予硅酮密封胶优异的阻燃耐高温性能的制备方法是有必要的。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,该密封胶环保、耐腐蚀,且具有良好耐高温、阻燃、界面粘结力等性能。
本发明的另一目的在于阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,制备所述阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶的原料包括含噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂。
优选地,上述技术方案中,所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,所述含噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂的制备方法如下:
(1)在配备搅拌器、恒压漏斗、冷凝回流装置的三口烧瓶中,氮气保护,依次加入4-氨基苯酚和四氢呋喃,冰水浴10-30min后逐滴加入三氟乙酸酐反应1-2h后除去溶剂得到浅棕色产物;
(2)氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入(1)制得的产物、乙烯基化合物、过量的多聚甲醛和二甲苯,在110-130℃反应2-3h,冷却至25-35℃,加入硼氢化钠反应3-5h后除去溶剂得到棕色粘稠状产物;
(3)氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入(2)制得的产物、三氯甲烷和异氰酸酯基硅氧烷,40-50℃反应3-5h,用正己烷析出最终产物得到含噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,其特征在于,所述4-氨基苯酚、乙烯基化合物、异氰酸酯硅氧烷的摩尔比为1:1-3:1-3,其他物质过量。
优选地,上述技术方案中,所述步骤(3)中异氰酸酯硅氧烷为3-异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷、异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、异氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基硅烷中的一种或多种。
具体反应式如下:
优选地,上述技术方案中,所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,按重量份数计,主要由以下原料制成:
端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份;
补强填料60~120份;
含噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂0.5~3份;
增塑剂5~20份;
交联剂3~10份;
催化剂0.5~3份。
优选地,上述技术方案中,所述的端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷,黏度为20000~80000Pa·s。
优选地,上述技术方案中,所述补强填料是经硬脂酸、脂肪酸等表面处理后,粒径为40~100nm,比表面积为18~25m2/g的纳米碳酸钙;所述的增塑剂为二甲基硅油,粘度为:100~1000Pa·s。
优选地,上述技术方案中,所述的交联剂为甲基三甲氧基硅烷、乙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、甲基三乙氧基硅烷、正硅酸乙酯甲基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或多种。
优选地,上述技术方案中,所述的催化剂为二丁基二醋酸锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡、钛酸硅氧烷酯中的一种或多种。
一种阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份、补强填料60-120份、增塑剂5-20份加入强力分散搅拌机,在温度为90-140℃、真空度为0.085-0.095Mpa、转速为600-800rpm的条件下搅拌脱水3-6h,得到混合原料;
(2)将所述步骤(1)中的混合原料冷却至35~45℃,在慢速搅拌下依次加入交联剂3~10份、含噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂0.5~3份和催化剂0.5~3份,将各组分混合均匀后,在温度为35~45℃、真空为0.085~0.095Mpa、转速为600~800rpm的条件下搅拌0.5~1.5h,即得到单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明阻燃耐高温单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶,不仅环保、耐腐蚀,且具有良好的耐高温、阻燃,界面粘结力等性能。
(2)本发明阻燃耐高温单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶配方中的偶联剂引入苯并噁嗪和乙烯基,乙烯基可以参与聚合物的交联反应使得偶联剂和聚合物之间有良好的化学结合;苯并噁嗪是含有极性官能团的六元杂环化合物,含有的刚性苯环能使其具有优异的热稳定性;高温下开环后酚羟基和Mannich桥基的N原子间形成的分子间和分子内氢键加强了界面粘结作用,从而保持良好的力学性能。
(3)本发明所用的含噁嗪环的偶联剂是一种含氮化合物,本身具有阻燃性,能够与聚硅氧烷在各自用量均较少的情况下达到较好的阻燃效果,其还能和Si-O-Si组成双交联网络结构而表现出优异的防腐蚀性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述,但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。
实施例1
一种阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)①在配备搅拌器、恒压漏斗、冷凝回流装置的三口烧瓶中,氮气保护,依次加入4-氨基苯酚和四氢呋喃,冰水浴15min后逐滴加入三氟乙酸酐反应1h后除去溶剂得到浅棕色产物;②氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入①制得的产物、乙烯基化合物、过量的多聚甲醛和二甲苯,在110℃下反应2h,冷却至30℃,加入硼氢化钠反应4h后除去溶剂得到棕色粘稠状产物;③氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入②制得的产物、三氯甲烷和异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷,50℃反应3h,用正己烷析出最终产物得到含噁嗪环的异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷;其中4-氨基苯酚、乙烯基化合物、异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷的摩尔比为1:1:1。
(2)将黏度为50000Pa·s的端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份、活性纳米碳酸钙110份、黏度为200Pa·s的二甲基硅油12份加入强力分散搅拌机,在温度为140℃、真空度为0.085Mpa、转速为800rpm的条件下搅拌脱水3h,得到混合原料;
(3)将步骤(2)中的混合原料冷却至40℃,在100rpm搅拌下依次加入乙基三甲基硅烷3份、步骤(1)中的含噁嗪环的异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.8份和二丁基二醋酸锡1份,将各组分混合均匀后,在温度为40℃、真空为0.085Mpa、转速为800rpm的条件下搅拌0.5h,即得到单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶,装入胶管中密封待用。
实施例2
一种阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)①在配备搅拌器、恒压漏斗、冷凝回流装置的三口烧瓶中,氮气保护,依次加入4-氨基苯酚和四氢呋喃,冰水浴20min后逐滴加入三氟乙酸酐反应1h后除去溶剂得到浅棕色产物;②氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入①制得的产物、乙烯基化合物、过量的多聚甲醛和二甲苯,在120℃下反应3h,冷却至25℃,加入硼氢化钠反应4h后除去溶剂得到棕色粘稠状产物;③氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入②制得的产物、三氯甲烷和3-异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷,45℃反应4h,用正己烷析出最终产物得到含噁嗪环的3-异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷;其中4-氨基苯酚、乙烯基化合物、异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷的摩尔比为1:2:2。
(2)将黏度为50000Pa·s的端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份、活性纳米碳酸钙100份、黏度为200Pa·s的二甲基硅油15份加入强力分散搅拌机,在温度为130℃、真空度为0.095Mpa、转速为800rpm的条件下搅拌脱水3h,得到混合原料;
(3)将步骤(2)中的混合原料冷却至35℃,在100rpm搅拌下依次加入甲基三甲氧基硅烷6份和乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷2份、步骤(1)中的含噁嗪环的3-异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷2份、辛酸亚锡2份,将各组分混合均匀后,在温度为35℃、真空为0.085Mpa、转速为600rpm的条件下搅拌1h,即得到单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶,装入胶管中密封待用。
实施例3
一种阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)①在配备搅拌器、恒压漏斗、冷凝回流装置的三口烧瓶中,氮气保护,依次加入4-氨基苯酚和四氢呋喃,冰水浴15min后逐滴加入三氟乙酸酐反应2h后除去溶剂得到浅棕色产物;②氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入①制得的产物、乙烯基化合物、过量的多聚甲醛和二甲苯,在110℃下反应3h,冷却至30℃,加入硼氢化钠反应3h后除去溶剂得到棕色粘稠状产物;③氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入②制得的产物、三氯甲烷和异氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基硅烷,40℃反应5h,用正己烷析出最终产物得到含噁嗪环的异氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基硅烷;其中4-氨基苯酚、乙烯基化合物、异氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基硅烷的摩尔比为1:1:1。
(2)将黏度为20000Pa·s的端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份、活性纳米碳酸钙110份、黏度为100Pa·s的二甲基硅油7份加入强力分散搅拌机,在温度为130℃、真空度为0.090Mpa、转速为600rpm的条件下搅拌脱水4h,得到混合原料;
(3)将步骤(2)中的混合原料冷却至35℃,在60rpm搅拌下依次加入正硅酸乙酯甲基三甲氧基硅烷5份、步骤(1)的含噁嗪环的异氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基硅烷3份、钛酸硅氧烷酯1份和二丁基二醋酸锡0.6份,将各组分混合均匀后,在温度为35℃、真空为0.090Mpa、转速为600rpm的条件下搅拌1h,即得到单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶,装入胶管中密封待用。
实施例4
一种阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)①在配备搅拌器、恒压漏斗、冷凝回流装置的三口烧瓶中,氮气保护,依次加入4-氨基苯酚和四氢呋喃,冰水浴20min后逐滴加入三氟乙酸酐反应2h后除去溶剂得到浅棕色产物;②氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入①制得的产物、乙烯基化合物、过量的多聚甲醛和二甲苯,在130℃下反应3h,冷却至30℃,加入硼氢化钠反应3h后除去溶剂得到棕色粘稠状产物;③氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入②制得的产物、三氯甲烷和3-异氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基硅烷,50℃反应5h,用正己烷析出最终产物得到含噁嗪环的3-异氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基硅烷。其中4-氨基苯酚、乙烯基化合物、异氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基硅烷的摩尔比为1:2:2。
(2)将黏度为50000Pa·s的端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份、活性纳米碳酸钙90份、黏度为100Pa·s的二甲基硅油15份加入强力分散搅拌机,在温度为140℃、真空度为0.095Mpa、转速为800rpm的条件下搅拌脱水6h,得到混合原料;
(3)将步骤(2)中的混合原料冷却至45℃,在80rpm搅拌下依次加入甲基三乙甲基硅烷6份、步骤(1)中的含噁嗪环的3-异氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基硅烷0.6份、3-异氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基硅烷0.4份和二丁基二醋酸锡0.5份,将各组分混合均匀后,在温度为45℃、真空为0.085Mpa、转速为700rpm的条件下搅拌1.5h,即得到单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶,装入胶管中密封待用。
对比例1
一种硅酮密封胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将黏度为20000Pa·s的端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份、活性纳米碳酸钙110份、黏度为100Pa·s的二甲基硅油12份,加入强力分散搅拌机中混合,在温度为135℃,真空为0.090Mpa,转速为600rpm的条件下搅拌4h得到混合原料;
(2)将步骤(1)中的混合原料冷却至35℃,在80rpm搅拌下依次加入甲基三甲氧基硅烷5份、3-氨丙基三乙氧硅烷1.6份、钛酸硅氧烷酯0.5份和二月桂酸二丁基锡0.5份,初步混合均匀后在温度为35℃,真空为0.090Mpa,转速为600rpm的条件下搅拌1h,即制成单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶,装入胶管中密封待用。
对比例2
一种硅酮密封胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将黏度为20000Pa·s的端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份、活性纳米碳酸钙110份、黏度为100Pa·s的二甲基硅油12份,加入强力分散搅拌机中混合,在温度为135℃,真空为0.085Mpa,转速为800rpm的条件下搅拌3h得到混合原料;
(2)将步骤(1)中的混合原料冷却至40℃,在80rpm搅拌下依次加入甲基三甲氧基硅烷5份、缩水甘油醚氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷1.6份、钛酸硅氧烷酯0.5份和二月桂酸二丁基锡0.5份,初步混合均匀后在温度为35℃,真空为0.085Mpa,转速为800rpm的条件下搅拌1h,即制成单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶,装入胶管中密封待用。
硅酮密封胶性能检测
具体涉及的测试方法为:将以上制得的单组份脱醇型硅酮结构密封胶在试验条件为:T=23±2℃,湿度50±5%的条件下养护24h,将密封胶挤出。
按GB/T13477.5-2003测试其表干时间;按GB/T13477.8-2003的要求制备4组工字件试件,并在试验条件下养护28d,其中第1组按本标准测试其力学性能;第2~4组进行耐热处理24h,处理后与第1组比较;按GB/T10707-1989进行测定氧指数法测定阻燃性能制备胶板试样尺寸长80~150mm,宽6.5+0.5mm,厚3+0.25mm。每例胶板试样准备10条,取平均值。测试结果如表1所示。
表1:不同实施例硅酮密封胶的性能测试结果
如表1所示,从以上数据可以看出,使用含有噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂制备单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶在高温下各项力学性能优异,从而说明本密封胶能赋予优异的耐高温、阻燃、界面粘结力等性能。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式,并且很显然,根据上述教导,可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,其特征在于,制备所述阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶的原料包括含噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,其特征在于,所述含噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂的制备方法如下:
(1)在配备搅拌器、恒压漏斗、冷凝回流装置的三口烧瓶中,氮气保护,依次加入4-氨基苯酚和四氢呋喃,冰水浴10-30min后逐滴加入三氟乙酸酐反应1-2h后除去溶剂得到浅棕色产物;
(2)氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入(1)制得的产物、乙烯基化合物、过量的多聚甲醛和二甲苯,在110-130℃反应2-3h,冷却至25-35℃,加入硼氢化钠反应3-5h后除去溶剂得到棕色粘稠状产物;
(3)氮气保护,在三口烧瓶中加入(2)制得的产物、三氯甲烷和异氰酸酯基硅氧烷,40-50℃反应3-5h,用正己烷析出最终产物得到含噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,其特征在于,所述4-氨基苯酚、乙烯基化合物、异氰酸酯硅氧烷的摩尔比为1:1-3:1-3,其他物质过量。
4.根据权利要求2所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中异氰酸酯硅氧烷为3-异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷、异氰酸酯丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、异氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基硅烷中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,其特征在于,按重量份数计,主要由以下原料制成:
端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份;
补强填料60~120份;
含噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂0.5~3份;
增塑剂5~20份;
交联剂3~10份;
催化剂0.5~3份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,其特征在于,所述的端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷,黏度为20000~80000Pa·s。
7.根据权利要求1所述的所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,其特征在于,所述补强填料是经硬脂酸、脂肪酸等表面处理后,粒径为40~100nm,比表面积为18~25m2/g的纳米碳酸钙;所述的增塑剂为二甲基硅油,粘度为:100~1000Pa·s。
8.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,其特征在于,所述的交联剂为甲基三甲氧基硅烷、乙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、甲基三乙氧基硅烷、正硅酸乙酯甲基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶,其特征在于,所述的催化剂为二丁基二醋酸锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡、钛酸硅氧烷酯中的一种或多种。
10.一种如权利要求1所述的阻燃耐高温硅酮密封胶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份、补强填料60-120份、增塑剂5-20份加入强力分散搅拌机,在温度为90-140℃、真空度为0.085-0.095Mpa、转速为600-800rpm的条件下搅拌脱水3-6h,得到混合原料;
(2)将所述步骤(1)中的混合原料冷却至35~45℃,在慢速搅拌下依次加入交联剂3~10份、含噁嗪环的硅烷偶联剂0.5~3份和催化剂0.5~3份,将各组分混合均匀后,在温度为35~45℃、真空为0.085~0.095Mpa、转速为600~800rpm的条件下搅拌0.5~1.5h,即得到单组份脱醇型硅酮密封胶。
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