CN107949456A - 结构化钎焊带 - Google Patents

结构化钎焊带 Download PDF

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CN107949456A
CN107949456A CN201680051999.XA CN201680051999A CN107949456A CN 107949456 A CN107949456 A CN 107949456A CN 201680051999 A CN201680051999 A CN 201680051999A CN 107949456 A CN107949456 A CN 107949456A
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卡齐姆·奥兹巴萨尔
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Siemens Energy Inc
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
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    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0244Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033Ni as the principal constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033Ni as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/304Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/3601Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
    • B23K35/3603Halide salts
    • B23K35/3605Fluorides
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    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/362Selection of compositions of fluxes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/058Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W

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Abstract

一种用于高温合金材料的钎焊带(12)。在一个实施例中,该带包含在胶粘剂(24)中含有高温合金粉末(22)的层(14)以及在胶粘剂中含有不含硼和硅的钎焊材料粉末(32)的层(16),其通过双面粘合剂带(46)的层(18)接合在一起。

Description

结构化钎焊带
技术领域
本发明涉及适用于与由超合金材料形成的燃气涡轮发动机部件一起使用的结构化钎焊带,包含具有作为示例的Ni-Cr-Ti或Ni-Zr-Ti或Ni-Cr-Zr-Ti的层的带。
背景技术
钎焊材料可用于燃气涡轮发动机部件的生产和修复,包含具有镍基或钴基高温合金材料的部件。例如,可以将钎焊箔、浆体或钎焊带等施加到发生损坏的部件上。将组件加热,然后冷却以生成钎焊修复的部件。但是,常规的硼或硅钎焊修复与原始部件相比具有相对较低的结构强度。这部分地是由于钎焊合金的组成所造成。另外,由于浆体的无定形性质,当使用浆体时,修复区域的尺寸控制困难。因此,在技术上还存在改进的空间。
附图说明
在下面的描述中鉴于附图解释本发明,附图示出:
图1是本文所公开的结构化钎焊带的示例性实施例的示意性横截面。
图2是本文所公开的结构化钎焊带的示例性实施例的示意性横截面。
图3是本文所公开的结构化钎焊带的替代示例性实施例的示意性横截面。
图4是本文所公开的结构化钎焊带的替代示例性实施例的示意性横截面。
图5是本文所公开的结构化钎焊带的替代示例性实施例的示意性横截面。
具体实施方式
本发明人已经开发了具有能够修复镍基和钴基高温合金的组成的结构化的钎焊介质。在一些实施例中,该组成不含硼和硅及其弱化效果。此外,该组成可包含焊剂,其在钎焊操作期间清洁杂质,从而产生具有较少杂质和相关缺点的修复部分。结构化钎焊介质可以采用比箔更柔韧的钎焊带的形状,其允许钎焊带具有与部件更好的一致性,并且比浆体更粘着,这使得能够更好地对修复进行尺寸控制。
图1是被实施为结构化钎焊带12的结构化钎焊介质10的示例性实施例的示意性横截面,该结构化钎焊带具有合金层14、钎焊材料层16以及在其之间的焊剂层18。合金层14包含合金20,诸如例如镍基或钴基高温合金,并且合金20可以实施为合金粉末22或采取本领域技术人员已知的任何合适的形式。合金层14还可以包含胶粘剂24,诸如丙烯酸胶粘剂或明胶基胶粘剂。
将结构化钎焊介质10实施为带,相比其他形式诸如不太柔韧的箔,这将使得能够允许更大量的带成型/成形。当将结构化钎焊带12施加到箔可能不法完全成型的高度成型部件时,这是有利的。另外,如果并非不可能,难以将高温合金形成箔。因此,在示例性实施例中,当合金层14包含高温合金时,这样的带提供了解决方案。
钎焊材料层16包含可以实施为钎焊材料粉末32(或采取本领域技术人员已知的任何合适形式)的钎焊材料30以及任选地胶粘剂24,诸如丙烯酸胶粘剂或明胶基胶粘剂。钎焊材料层16还可以任选地包含附加合金20,诸如合金粉末22。在该示例性实施例中,钎焊材料层16包含在胶粘剂24中的钎焊材料粉末32和合金粉末22的混合物34。在实施例中,钎焊材料不含硼,例如包含Ni-Cr-Ti、Ni-Cr-Ti-Zr或Ni-Ti-Zr的钎焊材料的化学组成。美国专利申请公开第US2014/0007988A1号中公开了合适的钎焊材料,其通过引用的方式整体并入本文。当使用这些钎焊材料时,用由带12制成的钎焊接头可以获得接近相邻高温合金基底的结构强度。因此,本文所公开的结构化钎焊带12不仅能够对部件进行美容钎焊修复,而且能够修复和/或创建与基底部件具有类似结构完整性的钎焊部件。
焊剂层18包含焊剂材料40和粘合剂42。焊剂材料40至少包含氟化物。氟化物可以是碳氟聚合物44的一部分,其包含但不限于聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和/或聚乙烯四氟化物。这些氟碳聚合物44中的氟化物充当焊剂并有助于清洁钎焊操作。尽管聚四氟乙烯和聚乙烯四氟化物都包含碳和氟,但是聚乙烯四氟化物还包含氢。氟化物和氢结合以形成氟化氢(氢氟酸),这也是一种有效的清洁剂。焊剂层18可以在低于钎焊温度的温度下挥发,然后在环境冷却时沉淀出来。例如,焊剂层18可以在1200华氏度左右挥发,并且最高钎焊温度可以为约2200华氏度。氢氟酸的沉淀可能需要添加基底以中和可能沉淀在例如钎焊炉的表面或部件本身上的任何酸。聚四氟乙烯和聚乙烯四氟化物可以实施为具有非原纤化聚合物的树脂。
粘合剂42可以是本领域技术人员已知的任何粘合剂,例如丙烯酸粘合剂等。在示例性实施例中,氟碳聚合物44和粘合剂42采取双面粘合氟聚合物带46的形式,诸如作为可从伊利诺伊州莱克维拉的CS Hyde公司(cshyde.com)购买的双面粘合带(PTFE带)。
任选地,合金层14可以包含诸如氟化物的焊剂材料40。在示例性实施例中,焊剂材料40可以被实施为焊剂粉末50,诸如聚四氟乙烯粉末或聚乙烯四氟化物粉末等。在所示的示例性实施例中,合金层14包含合金粉末22和焊剂粉末50的混合物52。
在替代示例性实施例中,合金层14不含胶粘剂24。在该示例性实施例中,合金层14的厚度54限于当合金粉末22或混合物52仅通过粘合剂42固定到焊剂层18时可以实现的厚度。同样,在替代示例性实施例中,钎焊材料层16不含胶粘剂24。在该示例性实施例中,钎焊材料层16的厚度56限于当钎焊材料粉末32或混合物34仅通过粘合剂42固定到钎焊材料层16上时可以实现的厚度。
常规地,粉末可以以约0.001英寸厚及以上的直径获得。因此,当不存在胶粘剂24并且颗粒粘附到粘合剂42时,合金层14和/或钎焊材料层16可以薄至0.001英寸。在示例性实施例中,合金层14的厚度54可以从0.010英寸至0.040英寸。钎焊材料层16的厚度56可以从010英寸至0.040英寸。焊剂层18的厚度58可以为约0.010英寸。尽管在某些情况下发现这些尺寸是有益的,但也可以根据需要使用其他尺寸。
在其他实施例中,结构化钎焊带12内的合金层14、钎焊材料层16和焊剂层18的相对位置是可互换的。例如,在替代示例性实施例中,合金层14和钎焊材料层16可以彼此相邻,并且焊剂层18可以与钎焊材料层16或焊剂层18相邻。图2示出了实施为结构化钎焊带12的结构化钎焊介质10的替代示例性实施例,其中合金层14和钎焊材料层16彼此相邻,并且焊剂层18与合金层14相邻。当焊剂层包含双面粘合带46,则双面粘合剂带46则可以被固定到基板(未示出)以被钎焊。在一变型中,焊剂层18可以设置成与钎焊材料层16相邻。每层可以存在一个或多于一个,并且这些层可以以任何顺序实施。
图3示出了实施为具有合金层14、钎焊材料层16、在其之间的焊剂层18和粘合剂42的结构化钎焊带12的结构化钎焊介质10的替代示例性实施例。在该示例性实施例中,代替具有混合物52的合金层14,存在设置在合金粉末22的离散层62顶上的焊剂粉末50的离散层60。这些层60、层62的相对位置可以被切换,并且可以存在多于一个这些层60、层62中的一个或两个。类似地,代替具有混合物34的钎焊材料层16,在合金粉末22的离散层66的顶上存在钎焊材料粉末32的离散层64。这些层64、66的相对位置可以被切换,并且可以存在多于一个这些层64、66中的一个或两个。
图4示出了实施为具有合金层14、钎焊材料层16和在其之间具有氟化物的焊剂层18的结构化钎焊带12的结构化钎焊介质10的替代示例性实施例。在该示例性实施例中,不存在粘合剂42。存在的层可以通过机械过程保持在一起诸如,例如在所有三层在相对辊之间被压在一起或者通过烧结的情况下。
图5示出了实施为具有合金层14和钎焊材料层16的结构化钎焊带12的结构化钎焊介质10的替代示例性实施例。钎焊层16可以不含硼,并且合金可以包含镍基或钴基于高温合金。粉末22、32、50可以用胶粘剂24保持以形成带12。
从上述内容可以理解,本发明人开发了一种新颖的结构化钎焊带,该结构化钎焊带提供具有结构性能改善的钎焊,提供钎焊的清洁改善,并且具有方便、易于形成且易于成型形式的特点。
虽然本文已经示出和描述了本发明的各种实施例,但是显而易见的是,此类实施例仅作为示例提供。在不背离本发明的情况下可以进行许多变型、改变和替换。因此,意图是本发明仅由所附权利要求的精神和范围来限制。

Claims (20)

1.一种钎焊带(12),包括:
第一层(14),包括:高温合金材料(22);
第二层(16),包括:钎焊材料(32);以及
第三层(18),包括:包括氟化物的焊剂材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钎焊带,其中,所述第二层进一步包括高温合金材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的钎焊带,其中,所述钎焊材料不含硼且不含硅。
4.根据权利要求1所述的钎焊带,其中,所述钎焊材料的化学组成选自由Ni-Cr-Ti、Ni-Zr-Ti和Ni-Cr-Zr-Ti组成的组。
5.根据权利要求1所述的钎焊带,其中,所述第三层包括设置在所述第一层与所述第二层之间的双面粘合含氟聚合物带(46)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的钎焊带,其中,所述双面粘合含氟聚合物带包括聚四氟乙烯。
7.根据权利要求5所述的钎焊带,其中,所述双面粘合含氟聚合物带包括聚乙烯四氟化物。
8.根据权利要求8所述的钎焊带,其中,所述第一层进一步包括聚乙烯四氟化物粉末。
9.一种钎焊带,包括:
合金层;
钎焊材料层;以及
焊剂层,包括:设置在所述合金层和所述钎焊材料层之间的氟化物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的钎焊带,进一步包括:所述焊剂层与所述合金层之间的以及所述焊剂层与所述钎焊材料层之间的粘合剂。
11.根据权利要求9所述的钎焊带,其中,所述合金层包括合金粉末,并且其中所述钎焊材料层包括钎焊合金粉末。
12.根据权利要求9所述的钎焊带,其中,所述钎焊材料层包括钎焊合金粉末和高温合金粉末。
13.根据权利要求9所述的钎焊带,进一步包括:包括所述焊剂层和粘合剂的双面粘合聚四氟乙烯带。
14.根据权利要求9所述的钎焊带,进一步包括:包括所述焊剂层和粘合剂的双面粘合聚乙烯四氟化物带。
15.根据权利要求9所述的钎焊带,其中,所述合金层进一步包括聚乙烯四氟化物。
16.根据权利要求9所述的钎焊带,其中,所述合金层包括高温镍基高温合金。
17.根据权利要求9所述的钎焊带,其中,所述钎焊材料层不含硼,并且其中所述钎焊材料层的化学组成选自由Ni-Cr-Ti、Ni-Cr-Ti-Zr和Ni-Ti-Zr组成的组。
18.一种钎焊带,包括:包括不含硼和硅的钎焊材料粉末的层,所述粉末设置在包括高温合金材料粉末的层上。
19.根据权利要求18所述的钎焊带,进一步包括:双面粘合碳氟聚合物带,所述双面粘合碳氟聚合物带设置在包括钎焊材料粉末的层和包括超合金材料粉末的层之间并且粘附到包括钎焊材料粉末的层和包括超合金材料粉末的层。
20.根据权利要求19所述的钎焊带,其中,所述钎焊材料粉末的化学组成选自由Ni-Cr-Ti、Ni-Cr-Ti-Zr和Ni-Ti-Zr组成的组。
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