CN107942008A - Blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease diagnoses and correcting method - Google Patents
Blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease diagnoses and correcting method Download PDFInfo
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- 235000003095 Vaccinium corymbosum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
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- 235000021014 blueberries Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
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- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 208000006278 hypochromic anemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004313 potentiometry Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 101000818579 Homo sapiens Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 22 Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 102100021131 Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 22 Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GJRGEVKCJPPZIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isomugineic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CCNC(C(O)=O)C(O)CN1CCC1C(O)=O GJRGEVKCJPPZIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GJRGEVKCJPPZIT-JBDRJPRFSA-N mugineic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CCN[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)CN1CC[C@H]1C(O)=O GJRGEVKCJPPZIT-JBDRJPRFSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 46
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
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- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 235000018343 nutrient deficiency Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the diagnosis of plant leaf yellowing disease and correcting method, more particularly to a kind of diagnosis of blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease and correcting method.Blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease diagnoses and correcting method, comprises the following steps：A, the external symptom of plant leaf is observed；B, the SPAD values of plant leaf are measured：C, plant rhizosphere soil pH value is measured：D, nutrient and ratio inside plant leaf are measured；E, diagnose；F, yellowing leaf disease correcting method.Whether the present invention is using four step energy Accurate Diagnosis blueberry brilliance kind plant of nutrient and ratio inside the external symptom of observation plant leaf, the SPAD values of measure plant leaf, measure plant rhizosphere soil pH value, measure plant leaf with yellowing leaf disease and diseased degree, the rhizosphere soil pH value for suffering from yellowing leaf disease plant to blueberry brilliance kind is adjusted, and has preferable prevention effect from slight yellow disease to severe yellow disease to blueberry brilliance kind plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the diagnosis of plant leaf yellowing disease and correcting method, more particularly to a kind of blueberry brilliance kind blade
Yellow disease diagnoses and correcting method.
Background technology
Blueberry（Blueberry）, mean blueness berry meaning.One kind is low shrub, and short-foot is wild, and particle is small, but flower
The content of blue or green element is very high；Second is artificial culture blueberry, can grow to 240cm high, fruit is larger, and moisture is more, cyanine
Cellulose content is relatively relatively low.Containing abundant nutritional ingredient in Blueberry, it not only has good nutrition health-care functions, also has
Cranial nerve aging, cardiac stimulant, anticancer softening blood vessel, enhancing human organism is prevented the function such as to be immunized.
It is magnificent（Brilliant）Georgia ,U.S.A cross breeding, is early-maturing variety, robust plant, upright, and tree crown is small, easily
Sheng Jisheng, bloom late, than Vaccinium ashei, other kind Freezing hardiness are strong, and yielding ability is extremely strong, and berry arranges on fruit ear to be dredged
Pine, pole suitable mechanical harvest and make fresh fruit sale, big in fruit, matter is hard, light blue, and base of fruit trace is done, and flavor is good, and berry is not after rain
Dehiscent fruit, is the optimal kind in fresh fruit market.
Blueberry is substantially constant in the demand physiologically to certain nutrition, due to environmental condition, management and nutrition supply
, easily there is the shortage and excess of fruit tree nutrition in horizontal change, causes blueberry to grow abnormal, plant leaf shows yellow
Etc. physiological disturbance problem, fruit yield and quality is influenced.
Chinese patent notification number：CN104865349A discloses a kind of blueberry Foliar nutrient diagnosis and fertilizing method.The party
Method includes the sampling of blueberry blade, pre-treatment, foliar analysis, nutrient diagnosis, efficient fertilising and scarce rope and rescues 6 steps.The present invention
It is proposed that with specification the sampling of blueberry blade, pre-treatment, foliar analysis, nutrient diagnosis, the technology that efficiently fertilising and nutritional deficiency are rescued are wanted
Ask, suitable for the production of high clump blueberry and Vaccinium ashei.
But its nutrient to blueberry blade is analyzed, without on other influence blueberry yellowing leaf diseases
The reason for carry out analysis and corresponding rescue.Requirement of the blueberry to rhizosphere environment situation is particularly severe, with Planting Years
Increase, the rhizospheric environment of blueberry growth changes there occurs obvious.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease diagnosis and correcting method, using observation plant leaf
External symptom, the SPAD values for measuring plant leaf, measure plant rhizosphere soil pH value, measure plant leaf inside nutrient and ratio
Whether four step energy Accurate Diagnosis blueberry brilliance kind plant rescue with yellowing leaf disease and diseased degree for subsequent
Provides effective foundation, using acid microbial organic fertilizer, can suffer from blueberry brilliance kind the rhizosphere of yellowing leaf disease plant
Soil pH value is adjusted, and has preferable prevention effect from slight yellow disease to severe yellow disease to blueberry brilliance kind plant
Fruit.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
Blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease diagnoses and correcting method, comprises the following steps：
A, the external symptom of plant leaf is observed；
B, the SPAD values of plant leaf are measured：
Plant upper blade and lower blade are measured using SPAD-502 chlorophyll meters and obtain green intensity SPAD values；
C, plant rhizosphere soil pH value is measured：
Using soil ratio 2.5：1 potentiometry detects plant rhizosphere soil pH value；
D, nutrient and ratio inside plant leaf are measured：
Using the inside nutrient of leaf nutrition Element detection method measure plant upper blade, and calculate Ca/Fe values and Ca/Mn values；
E, diagnose：
A, the external symptom for pressing blade carries out tentative diagnosis：
1st, normal strain
Whole strain robust growth, blade blade face is dark green or bright green, new pumping branches and leaves and tender leaf growth normally, are normally born fruit；
2nd, slight yellow strain
Plant middle and lower part shoot growth is normal, there is chlorosis between the new pumping branches and leaves of 10-20% and tender tip top vane vein, vein
Green is kept, can normally be born fruit；
3rd, moderate yellow strain
Chlorosis between the blade vein of plant middle and upper part 20-50%, new pumping branch and tender tip top vane yellow, bear fruit less and small；
4th, severe yellow strain
There is yellow, vein chlorosis with blade in plant middle and upper part 50%, and obvious Huang occur in new pumping branch and tender tip top vane
Albefaction, leaf margin is shrivelled, and serious tip point is withered, and tree vigo(u)r is weak, substantially without high quality fruit；
B, the SPAD values for pressing blade further diagnose：
For upper blade, whens SPAD values >=55 is normal strain, and when SPAD value 38-44 is slight yellow strain, during SPAD value 24-37
For moderate yellow strain, whens SPAD values≤23 is severe yellow strain；
C, further diagnosed by rhizosphere soil pH value：
As pH value ＞ 5.2, yellowing leaf disease occurs for blueberry brilliance kind；
D, further diagnosed by blade interior nutrient and ratio：
Blueberry when upper blade iron content ＜ 34mg/kg, manganese content ＜ 107mg/kg or Ca/Fe values ＞ 124, Ca/Mn value ＞ 64
Yellowing leaf disease occurs for magnificent kind plant；
F, yellowing leaf disease correcting method:
A, rhizosphere soil pH is adjusted：Need to carry out acid-base value adjusting, the micro- life of every plant of mugineic acid when being more than 5.2 for soil pH value
Organic fertilizer 1-2kg and common organic fertilizer 5-10kg；The acidity microbial organic fertilizer：N+P2O5+K2O >=5.0%, organic matter >=
45%, pH：2.5-4.0；
B, rationally match somebody with somebody and apply special fertilizer：Every plant is applied 7-12 grams of blueberry special fertilizer, 8-10 grams of full water-soluble organic fertilizer every time, per 20-
Impose once within 30 days；The blueberry special fertilizer N：P2O5：K2O is 18：18：18；The full water-soluble organic fertilizer N+P2O5+K2O≥
10.0%, full water-soluble organic matter >=60%, full water-soluble humic acid >=30%；
C, chelated iron is added in time：Using the chelated iron of 400 times of liquid, Fe contents 8% in chelated iron, carry out rhizosphere soil and blade face
Using, soil application 2-4 times, every plant of each dosage 2-3L；Foliage-spray 3-5 times before just spending, each dosage is 60L per acre.
The acidity microbial organic fertilizer application process for be colonized again after imposing on before transplanting in the pool and fully mixing or
Ring of ditching around plant is applied and earthing.
In August, 2016 is in September, 2017, to Yuxi incity blueberry main producing region, and Chuxiong, Kunming and Qujing state（City）
Part blueberry producing region investigated on the spot.
1. investigation method
1.1 blueberry yellowing leaf diseases and its Severity gradation method
Blueberry yellow disease is classified：
Normal strain：Whole strain robust growth, blade blade face is dark green or bright green, new pumping branches and leaves and tender leaf are grown normally, just
Often bear fruit.
Slight yellow strain：Plant middle and lower part shoot growth is normal, there is the new pumping branches and leaves and tender tip top vane of 10-20%
Chlorosis between vein, vein keep green, can normally bear fruit.
Moderate yellow strain：Chlorosis between the blade vein of plant middle and upper part 20-50%, new pumping branch and tender tip top vane are yellow
Change, bear fruit less and small.
Severe yellow strain：There is yellow, vein chlorosis, new pumping branch and tender tip top with blade in plant middle and upper part 50%
There is obvious yellowish-whiteization in blade, and leaf margin is shrivelled, and serious tip point is withered, and tree vigo(u)r is weak, substantially without high quality fruit.
1.2 soil samples and the collection of blade sample and processing method
After yellow disease rank determines, in survey area point normal strain, slight yellow strain, moderate yellow strain, severe yellow strain into
The supporting collection of row, carries out green intensity measure with SPAD-502 chlorophyll meters to each rank blade before acquisition.Gather Ye Weifen
Upper leaf and inferior leads, while gather rhizosphere soil.Carry out air-drying after collecting soil sample is good and wait pretreatment, leaf sample collection
After dried and crushed as detection sample.
1.3 soil samples and leaf sample detection method
Soil pH value, soil and blade Relationship with other Nutrient Elements detection method are issued for portion or national standard.
2 results of study
2.1 occurrence cause
2.1.1 rhizosphere soil pH plants and related nutrient analysis
Rhizosphere soil pH value is high, and effective iron content declines, and causes blueberry blade that yellow occurs.The root of the normal strain of blueberry brilliance kind
Border soil pH value is 4.96, effective iron content 120.4mg/kg；And the pH value of slight yellow strain is upgraded to 5.05, effective iron content
It is reduced to 113.8mg/kg；PH value to severe yellow strain brings up to 6.01, and effective iron content drops to 69.3mg/kg.And exchange
Ca, Mg content then improve therewith with the exacerbation of yellowing leaf disease, and effective manganese content is then in decline change.
The Rhizosphere soil nutrient comparision contents of the normal strain of blueberry brilliance kind and yellow strain
2.1.2 blade correlation nutrient content is analyzed
The iron manganese content that yellow occurs for blueberry blade is in be remarkably decreased, and Ca, Mg content then significantly raise, Ca/Fe and Ca/Mn ratios
It is worth uncoordinated.The upper blade iron and manganese content of the normal strain of blueberry brilliance kind are respectively 33.5mg/kg, 107.4mg/kg, and
Slight yellow strain is respectively 20.0 mg/kg, 78.1 mg/kg；Severe yellow strain is respectively 25.5 mg/kg, 54.4mg/
kg.And Ca, Mg content then improve therewith with the exacerbation of yellowing leaf disease, the change of Ca, Mg content is exchanged with rhizosphere soil
Rule is consistent.
The normal strain of blueberry brilliance kind is compared with the upper leaf nutrient content and related ratio of yellow strain
Ca/Fe and Ca/Mn ratios are relatively low with the blade of normal strain, and with yellow disease exacerbation Ca/Fe and Ca/Mn ratio therewith
Improve.The Nutrient of lower blade is consistent with the performance of upper blade.
The normal strain of blueberry brilliance kind is compared with the inferior leads nutrient content and related ratio of yellow strain
2.1.3 occurrence cause brief summary
Analysis is understood above, the occurrence cause of blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease, is analyzed from rhizosphere soil, mainly Rhizosphere Soil
Earth pH value is higher（More than 5.2）, cause effective iron content, manganese content to decline, it is excessive caused to exchange content of calcium and magnesium；Supported from blade
Divide content analysis, mainly content of iron and manganese declines, and content of calcium and magnesium improves, caused by Ca/Fe and Ca/Mn ratios are excessive.Also illustrate
The generation of blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease is not only related with ferro element, also related with manganese element, while also illustrates blade Huang
It is in inverse correlation to change the generations severity of disease and the content of iron and manganese of rhizosphere soil and blade, and with Ca, Mg content and Ca/Fe, Ca/
Mn ratios are proportionate, and excessive calcium can suppress the absorption of iron, manganese.
2.1.4 yellowing leaf disease and green intensity（SPAD values）Correlation
When carrying out visual angle division to yellowing leaf disease occurrence degree, green intensity is carried out by SPAD-502 chlorophyll meters
（SPAD values）Quantitative determination, the results showed that, blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease occurrence degree and green intensity（SPAD values）Greatly
It is small to be proportionate.The upper blade SPAD values of slight yellow strain are 37.4, moderate yellow strain is 29.0, severe yellow strain is 8.6,
57.7 than normal strain reduce by 35.2%, 49.7%, 85.1% respectively.
Blueberry brilliance kind yellow disease shows degree and green intensity（SPAD values）Correlation
Illustrate to be carried out in field with SPAD-502 chlorophyll meters blueberry yellowing leaf chlorosis degree quantitative determination be it is feasible, can be with
The order of severity that explanation blueberry yellowing leaf disease directly perceived occurs, corresponding control measure is taken easy to scientific guidance.
Beneficial effect
1. the present invention has preferable prevention effect to blueberry brilliance kind plant from slight yellow disease to severe yellow disease.Mainly
Showing as the significantly mitigation of yellowing leaf disease tends to be normal, and fruit is full, and grain increases again；The increase of blade content of iron and manganese, Ca/Fe,
Ca/Mn ratios are reduced to convenient scope.
2. the present invention is using the external symptom of observation plant leaf, the SPAD values for measuring plant leaf, measure plant rhizosphere
Whether four step energy Accurate Diagnosis blueberry brilliance kind plant of nutrient and ratio suffer from inside soil pH value, measure plant leaf
Yellowing leaf disease and the degree of illness, provides effective foundation is rescued for subsequent.
3. the present invention uses acid microbial organic fertilizer, the rhizosphere of yellowing leaf disease plant can be suffered to blueberry brilliance kind
Soil pH value is adjusted.
4. the present invention, with blueberry special fertilizer and full water-soluble organic fertilizer is applied, can guarantee that blueberry brilliance kind plant using reasonable
Nutritional need.
5. the present invention can rise the iron content in the effective iron and blade in soil using chelated iron is added in time, protect
Demonstrate,prove the nutritional need of blueberry brilliance kind plant.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
In August, 2016, to Yuxi incity blueberry main producing region, selects slight 2 pieces of fields of yellow disease to carry out with field pair in September, 2017
Than experiment, experimental plot area is 1 mu or so, and experiment period is florescence to the best fruiting period.After experiment field chooses, half is kind
Plant the conventional fertilizer application method at family（Control）, the other half is correction control method（Rescue）.Upper blade is gathered before implementation with
Portion's crop leaf measuring Relationship with other Nutrient Elements and Chlorophyll SPAD Reading；Yellowing leaf disease situation of change, office reason are evaluated after the test
And control collection upper blade and lower blade detection Relationship with other Nutrient Elements and Chlorophyll SPAD Reading, and measure fruit weight.
Blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease diagnoses and correcting method, comprises the following steps：
A, the external symptom of plant leaf is observed；
B, the SPAD values of plant leaf are measured：
Plant upper blade and lower blade are measured using SPAD-502 chlorophyll meters and obtain green intensity SPAD values；
C, plant rhizosphere soil pH value is measured：
Using soil ratio 2.5：1 potentiometry detects plant rhizosphere soil pH value；
D, nutrient and ratio inside plant leaf are measured：
Using the inside nutrient of leaf nutrition Element detection method measure plant upper blade, and calculate Ca/Fe values and Ca/Mn values；
E, diagnose：
A, the external symptom for pressing blade carries out tentative diagnosis：
Plant middle and lower part shoot growth is normal, there is chlorosis between the new pumping branches and leaves of 10-20% and tender tip top vane vein, vein
Green is kept, can normally be born fruit, blueberry brilliance kind plant is slight yellow strain；
B, the SPAD values for pressing blade further diagnose：
Upper blade SPAD value=37.4 of blueberry brilliance kind plant, blueberry brilliance kind plant are slight yellow strain；
C, further diagnosed by rhizosphere soil pH value：
Rhizosphere soil pH value=5.05；
D, further diagnosed by blade interior nutrient and ratio：
Upper blade iron content=25.5mg/kg, manganese content=0.20mg/kg or Ca/Fe value=194, Ca/Mn values=106 blueberries are bright
Yellowing leaf disease occurs for rotten kind plant；
F, yellowing leaf disease correcting method:
A, rhizosphere soil pH is adjusted：Rhizosphere soil pH value=5.05, pH value are not more than 5.2, it is not necessary to carry out acid-base value adjusting；
B, rationally match somebody with somebody and apply special fertilizer：Every plant is applied 7 grams of blueberry special fertilizer, 8 grams of full water-soluble organic fertilizer every time, imposes one within every 30 days
It is secondary；The blueberry special fertilizer N：P2O5：K2O is 18：18：18；The full water-soluble organic fertilizer N+P2O5+K2O >=10.0%, Quan Shui
Dissolubility organic matter >=60%, full water-soluble humic acid >=30%；
C, chelated iron is added in time：Using the chelated iron of 400 times of liquid, Fe contents 8% in chelated iron, carry out rhizosphere soil and blade face
Using, soil application 2 times, every plant of each dosage 2L；The foliage-spray 3 times before just spending, each dosage is 60L per acre.
The acidity microbial organic fertilizer application process is to impose on before transplanting in the pool and be colonized again after fully mixing.
2 groups of experiments show with field comparative test result, after slight yellow disease occurs for blueberry brilliance kind blade, using rescuing
After method, yellowing leaf disease must control substantially, and plant is acted normally, and blade content of iron and manganese improves, under Ca/Fe, Ca/Mn ratio
Convenient scope is dropped to, upper leaf SPAD values are upgraded to 57, and blueberries 100-grain weight increases up to 139 grams；And compare yellowing leaf disease and do not have
Control is obtained to continue to occur to reach moderate yellow disease, upper leaf SPAD values are reduced to 30, corresponding blade content of iron and manganese under
Drop, Ca/Fe, Ca/Mn ratio improve, and blueberries 100-grain weight is 120 grams.
Blueberry brilliance kind blade is slight, and yellow disease prevention effect compares（2 groups are averaged）
Embodiment 2
In August, 2016 is carried out with field pair part blueberry producing region 2 pieces of fields of selection moderate yellow disease of Kunming in September, 2017
Than experiment, experimental plot area is 1 mu or so, and experiment period is florescence to the best fruiting period.After experiment field chooses, half is kind
Plant the conventional fertilizer application method at family（Control）, the other half is correction control method（Rescue）.Upper blade is gathered before implementation with
Portion's crop leaf measuring Relationship with other Nutrient Elements and Chlorophyll SPAD Reading；Yellowing leaf disease situation of change, office reason are evaluated after the test
And control collection upper blade and lower blade detection Relationship with other Nutrient Elements and Chlorophyll SPAD Reading, and measure fruit weight.
Blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease diagnoses and correcting method, comprises the following steps：
A, the external symptom of plant leaf is observed；
B, the SPAD values of plant leaf are measured：
Plant upper blade and lower blade are measured using SPAD-502 chlorophyll meters and obtain green intensity SPAD values；
C, plant rhizosphere soil pH value is measured：
Using soil ratio 2.5：1 potentiometry detects plant rhizosphere soil pH value；
D, nutrient and ratio inside plant leaf are measured：
Using the inside nutrient of leaf nutrition Element detection method measure plant upper blade, and calculate Ca/Fe values and Ca/Mn values；
E, diagnose：
A, the external symptom for pressing blade carries out tentative diagnosis：
Chlorosis between the blade vein of plant middle and upper part 20-50%, new pumping branch and tender tip top vane yellow, bear fruit less and small, indigo plant
Certain kind of berries brilliance kind plant is moderate yellow strain；
B, the SPAD values for pressing blade further diagnose：
The upper blade of blueberry brilliance kind plant, SPAD value=29.0, blueberry brilliance kind plant are moderate yellow strain；
C, further diagnosed by rhizosphere soil pH value：
Yellowing leaf disease occurs for the blueberry brilliance kind plant of pH value=5.80；
D, further diagnosed by blade interior nutrient and ratio：
Blueberry when upper blade iron content=21.0mg/kg, manganese content=0.22mg/kg or Ca/Fe value=287, Ca/Mn values=120
Yellowing leaf disease occurs for magnificent kind plant；
F, yellowing leaf disease correcting method:
A, rhizosphere soil pH is adjusted：Soil pH value=5.80, pH value, which is more than 5.2, to be needed to carry out acid-base value adjusting, every plant of mugineic acid
Microbial organic fertilizer 1kg and common organic fertilizer 5kg；The acidity microbial organic fertilizer：N+P2O5+K2O >=5.0%, organic matter >=
45%, pH：2.5-4.0；
B, rationally match somebody with somebody and apply special fertilizer：Every plant is applied 9 grams of blueberry special fertilizer, 9 grams of full water-soluble organic fertilizer every time, imposes one within every 25 days
It is secondary；The blueberry special fertilizer N：P2O5：K2O is 18：18：18；The full water-soluble organic fertilizer N+P2O5+K2O >=10.0%, Quan Shui
Dissolubility organic matter >=60%, full water-soluble humic acid >=30%；
C, chelated iron is added in time：Using the chelated iron of 400 times of liquid, Fe contents 8% in chelated iron, carry out rhizosphere soil and blade face
Using, soil application 3 times, every plant of each dosage 2.5L；The foliage-spray 4 times before just spending, each dosage is 60L per acre.
The acidity microbial organic fertilizer application process is that trench digging ring applies simultaneously earthing around plant.
2 groups of experiments show with field comparative test result, after moderate yellow disease occurs for blueberry brilliance kind blade, using rescuing
After method, yellowing leaf disease must control substantially, and plant is acted normally, and upper leaf SPAD values are upgraded to 56, and blade content of iron and manganese carries
Height, Ca/Fe, Ca/Mn ratio drop to convenient scope, and blueberries 100-grain weight increases up to 142 grams；And compare yellowing leaf disease and do not have
Control is obtained to continue to occur to reach severe yellow disease, upper leaf SPAD values are reduced to 11, corresponding blade content of iron and manganese under
Drop, Ca/Fe, Ca/Mn ratio improve, and blueberries 100-grain weight is 90 grams.
Blueberry brilliance kind blade moderate yellow disease prevention effect compares（2 groups are averaged）
Embodiment 3
In in August, 2016 in September, 2017, same field is carried out to part blueberry producing region 2 pieces of fields of selection severe yellow disease of Qujing
Contrast test, experimental plot area are 1 mu or so, and experiment period is florescence to the best fruiting period.After experiment field chooses, half is
The conventional fertilizer application method of farmer（Control）, the other half is correction control method（Rescue）.Before implementation gather upper blade and
Lower blade detects Relationship with other Nutrient Elements and Chlorophyll SPAD Reading；Yellowing leaf disease situation of change, office are evaluated after the test
Reason and control collection upper blade and lower blade detection Relationship with other Nutrient Elements and Chlorophyll SPAD Reading, and measure fruit weight.
Blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease diagnoses and correcting method, comprises the following steps：
A, the external symptom of plant leaf is observed；
B, the SPAD values of plant leaf are measured：
Plant upper blade and lower blade are measured using SPAD-502 chlorophyll meters and obtain green intensity SPAD values；
C, plant rhizosphere soil pH value is measured：
Using soil ratio 2.5：1 potentiometry detects plant rhizosphere soil pH value；
D, nutrient and ratio inside plant leaf are measured：
Using the inside nutrient of leaf nutrition Element detection method measure plant upper blade, and calculate Ca/Fe values and Ca/Mn values；
E, diagnose：
A, the external symptom for pressing blade carries out tentative diagnosis：
There is yellow, vein chlorosis with blade in plant middle and upper part 50%, and obvious Huang occur in new pumping branch and tender tip top vane
Albefaction, leaf margin is shrivelled, and serious tip point is withered, and tree vigo(u)r is weak, and substantially without high quality fruit, blueberry brilliance kind plant is severe yellow
Strain；
B, the SPAD values for pressing blade further diagnose：
Upper blade SPAD value=8.6 of blueberry brilliance kind plant, blueberry brilliance kind plant are severe yellow strain；
C, further diagnosed by rhizosphere soil pH value：
Yellowing leaf disease occurs for pH value=6.01, blueberry brilliance kind plant；
D, further diagnosed by blade interior nutrient and ratio：
Blueberry when upper blade iron content=20.2mg/kg, manganese content=0.23mg/kg or Ca/Fe value=314, Ca/Mn values=132
Yellowing leaf disease occurs for magnificent kind plant；
F, yellowing leaf disease correcting method:
A, rhizosphere soil pH is adjusted：Soil pH value=6.01, pH value need to carry out acid-base value adjusting when being more than 5.2, and every plant is applied acid
Property microbial organic fertilizer 2kg and common organic fertilizer 10kg；The acidity microbial organic fertilizer：N+P2O5+K2O >=5.0%, organic matter
>=45%, pH：2.5-4.0；
B, rationally match somebody with somebody and apply special fertilizer：Every plant is applied 12 grams of blueberry special fertilizer, 10 grams of full water-soluble organic fertilizer every time, is imposed within every 30 days
Once；The blueberry special fertilizer N：P2O5：K2O is 18：18：18；The full water-soluble organic fertilizer N+P2O5+K2O >=10.0%, entirely
Water-soluble organic matter >=60%, full water-soluble humic acid >=30%；
C, chelated iron is added in time：Using the chelated iron of 400 times of liquid, Fe contents 8% in chelated iron, carry out rhizosphere soil and blade face
Using, soil application 4 times, every plant of each dosage 3L；The foliage-spray 5 times before just spending, each dosage is 60L per acre.
The acidity microbial organic fertilizer application process is that trench digging ring applies simultaneously earthing around plant.
2 groups of experiments show with field comparative test result, after severe yellow disease occurs for blueberry brilliance kind blade, using rescuing
After method, yellowing leaf disease occurrence degree declines, and plant is shown as slightly between moderate, and upper leaf SPAD values are upgraded to 34, leaf
Piece content of iron and manganese improves, and Ca/Fe, Ca/Mn ratio decline, and blueberries 100-grain weight increases up to 132 grams；And compare yellowing leaf disease
It is not under control and continues to occur, upper leaf SPAD values are reduced to 8, and corresponding blade content of iron and manganese has declined, Ca/Fe,
Ca/Mn ratios improve, and blueberries 100-grain weight is 75 grams.
Blueberry brilliance kind blade severe yellow disease prevention effect compares（2 groups are averaged）
Claims (2)
1. blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease diagnoses and correcting method, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
A, the external symptom of plant leaf is observed；
B, the SPAD values of plant leaf are measured：
Plant upper blade and lower blade are measured using SPAD-502 chlorophyll meters and obtain green intensity SPAD values；
C, plant rhizosphere soil pH value is measured：
Using soil ratio 2.5：1 potentiometry detects plant rhizosphere soil pH value；
D, nutrient and ratio inside plant leaf are measured：
Using the inside nutrient of leaf nutrition Element detection method measure plant upper blade, and calculate Ca/Fe values and Ca/Mn values；
E, diagnose：
A, the external symptom for pressing blade carries out tentative diagnosis：
1st, normal strain
Whole strain robust growth, blade blade face is dark green or bright green, new pumping branches and leaves and tender leaf growth normally, are normally born fruit；
2nd, slight yellow strain
Plant middle and lower part shoot growth is normal, there is chlorosis between the new pumping branches and leaves of 10-20% and tender tip top vane vein, vein
Green is kept, can normally be born fruit；
3rd, moderate yellow strain
Chlorosis between the blade vein of plant middle and upper part 20-50%, new pumping branch and tender tip top vane yellow, bear fruit less and small；
4th, severe yellow strain
There is yellow, vein chlorosis with blade in plant middle and upper part 50%, and obvious Huang occur in new pumping branch and tender tip top vane
Albefaction, leaf margin is shrivelled, and serious tip point is withered, and tree vigo(u)r is weak, substantially without high quality fruit；
B, the SPAD values for pressing blade further diagnose：
For upper blade, whens SPAD values >=55 is normal strain, and when SPAD value 38-44 is slight yellow strain, during SPAD value 24-37
For moderate yellow strain, whens SPAD values≤23 is severe yellow strain；
C, further diagnosed by rhizosphere soil pH value：
As pH value ＞ 5.2, yellowing leaf disease occurs for blueberry brilliance kind；
D, further diagnosed by blade interior nutrient and ratio：
Blueberry when upper blade iron content ＜ 34mg/kg, manganese content ＜ 107mg/kg or Ca/Fe values ＞ 124, Ca/Mn value ＞ 64
Yellowing leaf disease occurs for magnificent kind plant；
F, yellowing leaf disease correcting method:
A, rhizosphere soil pH is adjusted：Need to carry out acid-base value adjusting, the micro- life of every plant of mugineic acid when being more than 5.2 for soil pH value
Organic fertilizer 1-2kg and common organic fertilizer 5-10kg；The acidity microbial organic fertilizer：N+P2O5+K2O >=5.0%, organic matter >=
45%, pH：2.5-4.0；
B, rationally match somebody with somebody and apply special fertilizer：Every plant is applied 7-12 grams of blueberry special fertilizer, 8-10 grams of full water-soluble organic fertilizer every time, per 20-
Impose once within 30 days；The blueberry special fertilizer N：P2O5：K2O is 18：18：18；The full water-soluble organic fertilizer N+P2O5+K2O≥
10.0%, full water-soluble organic matter >=60%, full water-soluble humic acid >=30%；
C, chelated iron is added in time：Using the chelated iron of 400 times of liquid, Fe contents 8% in chelated iron, carry out rhizosphere soil and blade face
Using, soil application 2-4 times, every plant of each dosage 2-3L；Foliage-spray 3-5 times before just spending, each dosage is 60L per acre.
2. the diagnosis of blueberry brilliance kind yellowing leaf disease and correcting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the acid
Property microbial organic fertilizer application process to be colonized again after imposing on before transplanting in the pool and fully mixing or ring of ditching around plant
Apply simultaneously earthing.
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