CN109738596A - A method of diagnosis Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition - Google Patents
A method of diagnosis Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN109738596A CN109738596A CN201910175335.XA CN201910175335A CN109738596A CN 109738596 A CN109738596 A CN 109738596A CN 201910175335 A CN201910175335 A CN 201910175335A CN 109738596 A CN109738596 A CN 109738596A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods for diagnosing Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition, by analyzing different times superior leaf calcium content, to carry out the diagnosis of Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition, when a rear sample calcium content≤preceding sample calcium content, it is diagnosed as calcium element subalimentation, can spray or improve at this time the method supplement calcium element nutrition of nutrition liquid calcium solubility by external source.It may determine that different times Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition through the invention, needing to guarantee tamato fruit high yield and high quality to obtain in the practice of the modern agricultural production of economic interests and will play a significant role.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Calcium in Plants element nutrient diagnosis fields, and in particular to a kind of side for diagnosing Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition
Method.
Background technique
Calcium is nutrient necessary to plant, in plant growth and development and response environment stress in central regulator
Position.Calcium is difficult movement, is not easy the element being recycled, therefore nutritional deficiency symptom shows top children's stem spire, calcium deficiency initial stage first
Terminal bud, spire are in light green, and then typical hook-shaped, then necrosis occurs in blade tip.Due to plant calcium deficiency degree difference simultaneously
Not necessarily there is classical symptom, and can not be judged, or just will appear classical symptom in the later period of shortage, seriously at this time
The yield and quality of crop is affected, for example tomato calcium deficiency causes blossom-end rot to seriously affect fruit appearance and interior quality and resistance to storage
Property, the commodity value of tomato will be substantially reduced, is resulted in significant economic losses.Therefore the calcium element nutrition shape of crop should be diagnosed as early as possible
Condition is replenished in time, and guarantees the yield and quality of crop, tomato is as a kind of its fruit of dual-purpose industrial crops of the fruits and vegetables being widely cultivated
The stability of real yield and quality will directly affect its economic value.
Traditionally the calcium element nutrition condition of tomato can be diagnosed by the content of calcium in measurement plant superior leaf, but needed
The critical value to be referred to, however due to by crop varieties, the general critical reference of the influence of the factors such as growth phase, measuring method
Value just has the meaning of diagnosis in the case of can only extremely lacking to the nutrition of calcium element.The present invention is upper according to the tomato of research process discovery
Leaf intracellular calcium content change rule, proposes a set of method compared by dynamic detection to diagnose Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition, this method
It is influenced, Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition can be diagnosed in time by above-mentioned factor without necessarily referring to critical value, therefore not, when
Ca in Tomato element just can be diagnosed when slightly lacking, therefore the result diagnosed is closer to judge most suitable calcium element nutrition shape
Condition may determine that different times Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition through the invention, need to guarantee tamato fruit high yield and high quality to obtain
Obtaining will play a significant role in the modern agricultural production practice of economic interests.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods for diagnosing Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition, are calcium during tomato planting
Plain nutrition adjustment provides reliable basis.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method of diagnosis Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition includes the following steps:
(1) transplanting tomato seedling in greenhouse or glasshouse, controlling the temperature in greenhouse or glasshouse is 12-35 DEG C,
Upper 3 leaf is pushed up in acquisition in 20-30 days after transplanting, carries out the measurement of calcium cellulose content；
It is separated by the blade of 20 days to 30 days acquisition same locations after (2) first sub-samplings, with same process measurement blade calcium element
Content；It is separated by the blade of 20 days to 30 days acquisition same locations after second sub-sampling, is contained with same process measurement blade calcium element
Amount, and so on, in 150 days after tomato seedling field planting, it is separated by 20-30 days every time, blade calcium content is measured by sampling；
(3) by comparing different times be measured by sampling calcium content carry out Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition diagnosis, when after sample
When product calcium content≤preceding sample calcium content, it is diagnosed as calcium element subalimentation, can spray or improve by external source at this time
The method of nutrition liquid calcium solubility supplements the nutrition of calcium element.Different plant calcium can be used in calcium cellulose content measuring method in the invention
Content assaying method can judge Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition by the method in time.
(4) long-distance transportation of Calcium in Plants occurs mainly in xylem, it is difficult in phloem transport, the power master of transport
If transpiration.Calcium is reached treetop, spire, flower, fruit and the apical meristem group of vigorous growth by rising liquid stream from xylem
It knits, transpiration is mainly influenced by temperature.Research finds in the case where 12-35 DEG C, calcium abundance plant superior leaf calcium content with
Implantation time extension be continuously increased；And what calcium deficiency plant superior leaf calcium content occurred declining with the extension of implantation time
Trend.
The present invention has the advantages that
Tomato superior leaf intracellular calcium content change rule of the present invention according to research process discovery, proposition is a set of to be compared by dynamic detection
Method diagnose Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition, this method, can be in time to Ca in Tomato element nutrition shape without necessarily referring to critical value
Condition is diagnosed, and it is most suitable that the result that just can be diagnosed when Ca in Tomato element is slight to be lacked, therefore diagnose is closer to judgement
The calcium element nutrition condition of conjunction may determine that different times Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition through the invention, need to guarantee tomato fruit
Real high yield and high quality with obtain economic interests modern agricultural production practice in will play a significant role.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is different calcium level plant superior leaf intracellular calcium content change figures.
Specific embodiment
To make the foregoing features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, special embodiment below elaborates.This hair
Bright method is conventional method in that art unless otherwise specified.
One, testing program
1, test setting
Test carries out in Fujian Province Agriculture InstituteSoil and Fertilizer Institute glasshouse (12-35 DEG C), and tomato variety is gold
It is exquisite, belong to the small tomato of one dimensional infinite wall, carries out the cultivation of tomato water-fertilizer integral using coco bran matrix strips.On October 8th, 2016 is right
The exquisite tomato variety of gold carries out nursery, and field planting on November 2nd, 2016 has been colonized different with starting after 1/4 nutrient fluid drip irrigation 7 days
Nutrient solution prescription processing.4 Calcium treatment solubility (calcium deficiency, low calcium, normal, high calcium), 3 repetitions, content difference is arranged in test
It is prepared for the own well water of nutrient solution in 0,1,3,6 mmol/L(Fertilizer distributing pails, well water calcium content is 23.67 ± 2.13mg/
L)), calcium calcium chloride, other elements are respectively handled all, a great number of elements magnesium nitrate hexahydrate 1mmol/L, potassium nitrate
4.06mmol/L, ammonium nitrate 3.5mmol/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.47mmol/L, microelement general formulation, iron EDTA-
Fe。
2, sample acquisition time: on December 1st, 2016, on December 28th, 2016, on January 25th, 2017,2 months 2017 22
Day, on March 15th, 2017.Sample collection location: upper 3 leaf is pushed up in superior leaf, acquisition；Upper 4-6 leaf is pushed up in middle position leaf, acquisition；Inferior leaf
The remaining all blades of acquisition, while upper, middle and lower stem is acquired in corresponding position.
3, fruit acquires: the mature fruit of acquisition on March 15 carries out quality and yield measurement.
4, plant calcium measuring method: aas determination is used
Two, influence of the different calcium levels to tomato plant superior leaf calcium content
Different times superior leaf calcium content is analyzed (Fig. 1) in this test, and different times calcium content is with nutrition liquid calcium solubility
Increase, blade calcium content is consequently increased；Normal and high Calcium treatment, plant superior leaf calcium content are maintained always compared with Gao Shui
It is flat, and as implantation time extension is continuously increased；And low calcium and calcium deficiency are handled as the extension of implantation time constantly declines, and are lacked
The amplitude of Calcium treatment decline is apparently higher than low calcium processing, and other position blades and stem all do not show same rule, explanation
By monitoring the variation of tomato superior leaf content, Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition can be diagnosed.
Three, influence of the different calcium levels to tamato fruit yield and quality
1, influence of the different calcium levels to tomato exterior quality and yield
Tamato fruit exterior quality and yield are as shown in table 1, single fruit weight, it is every string fruit number and every plant of yield with calcium level increase
And increase, do not occur apparent difference between high calcium and normal processing；Low calcium handles single fruit weight and every string fruit number and normal processing
Between do not occur notable difference, every plant of yield decline 8.01%, difference reaches the level of signifiance；Calcium deficiency handles single fruit weight, every string fruit number
With every plant of yield respectively than normally handling decline 20.94%, 19.39% and 25.82%, difference has all reached the level of signifiance；Blossom-end rot
In addition to calcium deficiency processing BER is 10.99%, other processing are not found.
Influence of the different calcium levels of table 1 to tomato exterior quality and yield
2, different calcium contents handle the influence to tamato fruit interior quality
Tamato fruit interior quality is as shown in table 2, and reduced sugar, Vc and sugar-acid ratio increase with the increase of calcium level, high calcium and
Do not occur apparent difference between normal processing；Low calcium processing reduced sugar and sugar-acid ratio have dropped 11.14% and 16.31% respectively,
Difference reaches the level of signifiance；Calcium deficiency processing reduced sugar, Vc and sugar-acid ratio have dropped 27.75%, 17.71% and 42.34% respectively, poor
It is different to reach the level of signifiance；Total acid declines with the increase of calcium level, and for calcium deficiency than normal processing decline 26.17%, difference reaches aobvious
Level is write, high calcium does not normally occur notable difference between low calcium processing.
Influence of the different calcium levels of table 2 to tamato fruit interior quality
Note: % is the ratio that nutrient accounts for dry matter.
Four, conclusion
To sum up result of study shows that calcium deficiency and low calcium will affect the interior exterior quality of tomato and yield generates different degrees of shadow
It rings.By means of the invention it is possible to diagnose Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition, foundation is provided for being replenished in time for calcium element nutrition.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification, is all covered by the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for diagnosing Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition, which comprises the steps of:
(1) transplanting tomato seedling in greenhouse or glasshouse, controlling the temperature in greenhouse or glasshouse is 12-35 DEG C,
Upper 3 leaf is pushed up in acquisition in 20-30 days after transplanting, carries out the measurement of calcium cellulose content；
It is separated by the blade of 20 days to 30 days acquisition same locations after (2) first sub-samplings, with same process measurement blade calcium element
Content；It is separated by the blade of 20 days to 30 days acquisition same locations after second sub-sampling, is contained with same process measurement blade calcium element
Amount, and so on, it is separated by 20-30 days every time, blade calcium content is measured by sampling；
(3) by comparing different times be measured by sampling calcium content carry out Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition diagnosis, when after sample
When product calcium content≤preceding sample calcium content, it is diagnosed as calcium element subalimentation.
2. a kind of method for diagnosing Ca in Tomato element nutrition condition according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diagnosis side
Method is suitable in 150 days after tomato seedling field planting.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN112098603A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-18 | 广西大学 | Sugarcane seedling manganese toxicity diagnosis method and prevention and control method thereof |
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