CN107937839A - 一种高硬度耐磨合金钢 - Google Patents

一种高硬度耐磨合金钢 Download PDF

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CN107937839A
CN107937839A CN201711171699.8A CN201711171699A CN107937839A CN 107937839 A CN107937839 A CN 107937839A CN 201711171699 A CN201711171699 A CN 201711171699A CN 107937839 A CN107937839 A CN 107937839A
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steel alloy
high hardness
resisting steel
hardness wear
zirconia
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常峰
夏建强
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Anhui Hengli Additive Manufacturing Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
    • C22C49/08—Iron group metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
    • C04B2235/3225—Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3244—Zirconium oxides, zirconates, hafnium oxides, hafnates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6562—Heating rate

Abstract

本发明公开了一种高硬度耐磨合金钢，该合金钢包括以下成分：纳米碳纤维0.6‑1％％，氧化锆‑氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体2.8‑4.5％，纳米碳化钨1.2‑1.5％，镍0.1‑0.3％，锰0.3‑0.5％，铬0.8‑1.2％，硅0.4‑0.8％，钼0.5‑0.8％，铌0.12‑0.15％，磷0.02‑0.03％，硫0.03‑0.05％，余量为铁。本发明的合金钢通过对原料配方进行改进，添加无机增韧等材料，通过粉末冶金的方法制成，使合金钢的韧性、硬度和强度等有所提高，并具有良好的耐磨性和和抗腐蚀性，且使用寿命也有增强。

Description

一种高硬度耐磨合金钢
技术领域
本发明属于合金材料技术领域，具体涉及一种高硬度耐磨合金钢。
背景技术
高硬度合金钢在建材、汽车制造等领域均有广泛的应用，合金钢除了铁元素和碳元素，还含有不同种类和不同比例的合金元素，通过适当的工艺加工处理，可以赋予合金钢特殊的性能，从而满足对钢材的各种需求。目前为止，虽然合金钢技术领域发展较好，但仍然存在很多问题，如耐磨性、硬度等，在很多场合还不能满足需求。本发明在已有研究的基础上，经过多次成分改进和实验，提供了一种陶瓷粉体复合粉体配以其他多种金属粉末的合金钢，该合金钢具有良好的韧性、硬度、强度、耐磨损性和抗腐蚀性，且使用寿命也有增强。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述，本发明提供了一种高硬度耐磨合金钢，该合金钢具有良好的韧性、硬度、强度、耐磨损性和抗腐蚀性，且使用寿命也有增强。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种高硬度耐磨合金钢，由以下质量百分比的原料组成：纳米碳纤维0.6-1％，氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体2.8-4.5％，纳米碳化钨1.2-1.5％，镍0.1-0.3％，锰0.3-0.5％，铬0.8-1.2％，硅0.4-0.8％，钼0.5-0.8％，铌0.12-0.15％，磷0.02-0.03％，硫0.03-0.05％，余量为铁；其中，氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体的制备方法为：将Al(NO3)3·9H2O、ZrOCl2·8H2O和Y(NO3)3·6H2O按质量比为12:1:0.4的比例完全溶解于蒸馏水中，溶解搅拌混合均匀，然后再向混合溶液中加入双氧水氧化除杂，静置两小时后将溶解了双氧水的混合溶液倒入聚四氟乙烯内衬的高压釜中，封闭后置于180-200℃干燥箱内反应6-8h，反应结束自然冷却静置至室温，洗涤，在50-70℃温度中真空干燥至恒重，得前驱体粉末，再将前驱体粉末进行煅烧，随炉冷却，即为氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体。
上述氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体的制备过程中，蒸馏水和双氧水的体积比为100:1，其ZrOCl2·8H2O和蒸馏水的质量比为1:200。
所述纳米碳纤维的粒径为30-60nm。
所述纳米碳化钨的粒径为50-80nm。
所述煅烧的工艺为：升温速率为10℃/min，煅烧温度为900-1000℃，煅烧时间为2-3h。
氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体是在以Al2O3为母相基质，引入相变材料ZrO2而形成的一种复相陶瓷材料粉体。ZrO2相变增韧Al2O3，既保留了Al2O3陶瓷材料的高硬度特性，又显现出ZrO2高强度高韧性的优点，从而改善了基体Al2O3的断裂韧度，使其具有较高的耐磨性能。
本发明的有益效果：本发明的合金钢添加了氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体，再配以无机纳米材料等其他成分，通过粉末冶金的方法制成，使得制得的合金钢具有良好的韧性、硬度、强度、耐磨损性和抗腐蚀性，且使用寿命为现有同类产品的1.72-1.86倍。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。实施例中，各种原料均为马可波罗网产品。
实施例1
一种高硬度耐磨合金钢，由以下质量百分比的原料组成：纳米碳纤维0.8％，氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体3.6％，纳米碳化钨1.3％，镍0.2％，锰0.4％，铬1.1％，硅0.6％，钼0.6％，铌0.15％，磷0.02％，硫0.03％，余量为铁；其中，氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体的制备方法为：将Al(NO3)3·9H2O、ZrOCl2·8H2O和Y(NO3)3·6H2O按质量比为12:1:0.4的比例完全溶解于2000mL蒸馏水中，溶解搅拌混合均匀，然后再向混合溶液中加入20mL双氧水氧化除杂，静置两小时后将溶解了双氧水的混合溶液倒入聚四氟乙烯内衬的高压釜中，封闭后置于200℃干燥箱内反应7h，反应结束自然冷却静置至室温，洗涤，在70℃温度中真空干燥至恒重，得前驱体粉末，再将前驱体粉末进行煅烧，随炉冷却，即为氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体；所述煅烧的工艺为：升温速率为10℃/min，煅烧温度为1000℃，煅烧时间为2.5h。
经检测，制得的合金钢的技术参数如下：抗拉强度为711MPa，硬度为264HB，使用寿命为同等产品的1.75倍。
实施例2
一种高硬度耐磨合金钢，由以下质量百分比的原料组成：纳米碳纤维0.6％，氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体4.2％，纳米碳化钨1.4％，镍0.2％，锰0.4％，铬1.2％，硅0.6％，钼0.8％，铌0.15％，磷0.02％，硫0.03％，余量为铁；其中，氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体的制备方法为：将Al(NO3)3·9H2O、ZrOCl2·8H2O和Y(NO3)3·6H2O按质量比为12:1:0.4的比例完全溶解于2000mL蒸馏水中，溶解搅拌混合均匀，然后再向混合溶液中加入20mL双氧水氧化除杂，静置两小时后将溶解了双氧水的混合溶液倒入聚四氟乙烯内衬的高压釜中，封闭后置于200℃干燥箱内反应8h，反应结束自然冷却静置至室温，洗涤，在60℃温度中真空干燥至恒重，得前驱体粉末，再将前驱体粉末进行煅烧，随炉冷却，即为氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体；所述煅烧的工艺为：升温速率为10℃/min，煅烧温度为1000℃，煅烧时间为2h。
经检测，制得的合金钢的技术参数如下：抗拉强度为724MPa，硬度为268HB，使用寿命为同等产品的1.81倍。

Claims (4)

1.一种高硬度耐磨合金钢，其特征在于，由以下质量百分比的原料组成：纳米碳纤维0.6-1％，氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体2.8-4.5％，纳米碳化钨1.2-1.5％，镍0.1-0.3％，锰0.3-0.5％，铬0.8-1.2％，硅0.4-0.8％，钼0.5-0.8％，铌0.12-0.15％，磷0.02-0.03％，硫0.03-0.05％，余量为铁；其中，氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体的制备方法为：将Al(NO3)3·9H2O、ZrOCl2·8H2O和Y(NO3)3·6H2O按质量比为12:1:0.4的比例完全溶解于蒸馏水中，溶解搅拌混合均匀，然后再向混合溶液中加入双氧水氧化除杂，静置两小时后将溶解了双氧水的混合溶液倒入聚四氟乙烯内衬的高压釜中，封闭后置于180-200℃干燥箱内反应6-8h，反应结束自然冷却静置至室温，洗涤，在50-70℃温度中真空干燥至恒重，得前驱体粉末，再将前驱体粉末进行煅烧，随炉冷却，即为氧化锆-氧化铝陶瓷复合粉体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高硬度耐磨合金钢，其特征在于，所述纳米碳纤维的粒径为30-60nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高硬度耐磨合金钢，其特征在于，所述纳米碳化钨的粒径为50-80nm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高硬度耐磨合金钢，其特征在于，所述煅烧的工艺为：升温速率为10℃/min，煅烧温度为900-1000℃，煅烧时间为2-3h。
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