CN107927363A - Milk cow forage and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Milk cow forage and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107927363A CN107927363A CN201711220823.5A CN201711220823A CN107927363A CN 107927363 A CN107927363 A CN 107927363A CN 201711220823 A CN201711220823 A CN 201711220823A CN 107927363 A CN107927363 A CN 107927363A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of milk cow forage, in terms of parts by weight, is made of following raw material：40 50 parts of silage corn, 5 15 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 5 10 parts of Alfalfa, 16 parts of rye grass, 4 10 parts of dregs of beans, 5 15 parts of vinasse, 5 10 parts of corn flour, 15 parts of wheat bran, 10 20 parts of rice bran, 10 15 parts of shrimp shell meal, 5 10 parts of fishbone dust, 14 parts of buckwheat, 37 parts of multi-vitamins powder, 12 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 0.5 1.0 parts of sodium acid carbonate, 0.2 0.5 parts of salt, 0.5 1.0 parts of Angelica Dahurica extract, 0.05 0.2 parts of Tea Saponin, 10 20 parts of feed addictive；The feed addictive is Chinese medicine dreg.The feed can improve milk quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to animal feeding-stuff field, more particularly to a kind of milk cow forage and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China is Chinese medicine big producer, and according to incompletely statistics, China's traditional Chinese medicine enterprise consumes plant medicinal material 70 every year at present
Ten thousand tons or so, the dregs of a decoction of generation are up to millions of tons (moisture content)；Because it has environment different degrees of pollution, therefore adopt always
Handled with the method for landfill, this not only occupies substantial amounts of land resource, polluted soil and underground water, and also result in
The waste of resource；Therefore how effectively to handle, become the problem of Chinese medicine manufacturer is in the urgent need to address using Chinese medicine dreg；
Because Chinese medicine dreg is all the root, stem and leaf of plant, contain amount in abundant organic matter, carbohydrate and thick protein etc. and trace element
Nutriment, can recycle completely, such as available for penkeeping, moreover it is possible to play the role of disease preventing and treating.
Ox is ruminant, ruminates and refers to that food of the feed by half digestion under one's belt after after a while returns in the mouth
Chew again；Ruminant is exactly the animal for ruminating phenomenon, is typically some herbivores, because the fiber of plant is to compare
It is heavy；Ruminant feeding is general relatively more hasty, particularly roughage, most of just to be swallowed into knurl without fully chewing
Stomach, after rumen bypass soaks and softens a period of time, food passes through inverse vomit and comes back to oral cavity, by chewing again, is mixed into saliva again
Liquid is simultaneously swallowed into cud again.
The food direct oral cavity esophagus that ruminant eats initially enters cud, and bacterium, protozoon and fungi in cud etc. will food
60%-70% protein in thing, amino acid, starch, lipolysis fermentation, a part are absorbed by the micro-organisms, and a part is being sent out
The materials such as methane, ammoniacal nitrogen are produced in ferment, not only cause fodder energy to lose but also to causing environmental pollution, only 30%-
40% nutriment can directly be absorbed by cud into small intestine, so the Animal nutrition scholar of various countries is constantly by each
Kind technique study rumen bypass feed technology；Milk cow will milk, the feed of intake is more, to feed daily as ruminant
It is required that higher, works out the feed of suitable milk cow, ensures the cud health of milk cow, enable the higher-quality ox of milk cow output
Milk, is one of research direction of this area.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a kind of milk cow forage, can significantly reduce milk
Urea nitrogen concentration, can significantly improve milk quality.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the milk cow forage.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of milk cow forage, in terms of parts by weight, is made of following raw material：
40-50 parts of silage corn, 5-15 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 5-10 parts of Alfalfa, 1-6 parts of rye grass, 4-10 parts of dregs of beans, vinasse 5-
15 parts, 5-10 parts of corn flour, 1-5 parts of wheat bran, 10-20 parts of rice bran, 10-15 parts of shrimp shell meal, 5-10 parts of fishbone dust, buckwheat 1-4
Part, 3-7 parts of multi-vitamins powder, 1-2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 0.5-1.0 parts of sodium acid carbonate, 0.2-0.5 parts of salt, root of Dahurain angelica extraction
0.5-1.0 parts of thing, 0.05-0.2 parts of Tea Saponin, 10-20 parts of feed addictive.
The wherein described silage corn is 45-50 parts preferred, and when use preferably ferments, and fermentation process includes following step successively
Suddenly：
（1）Material prepares：Silage corn is passed through into coarse crushing；
（2）Leavening is activated, leavening Activiation method：4-7 portions of brown sugar are added in 10-15 parts of water, after boiling, cooling, most
5-10 parts of leavening is poured into water again afterwards and is stirred evenly, after barrelling is sealed by fermentation 6-8 days, leavening swashs when smelling tart flavour or vinosity
Living to complete, above number is parts by weight；
（3）Pile-fermentation：Leavening after 25-35 parts of activation is added in 900-1000 parts of silage corn material, is added at the same time
Water, 70-80% is maintained at by the moisture content of fermentation material；Then heap fermentation is built, stack height is in 1-2m, width 1.5-
3m, length is in 2-4m.
It can substantially divide with the next stage from the change of silage corn heap temperature：1. temperature rise period, i.e. silage corn heap temperature are from room temperature
50 DEG C or so stages are raised to, it is general only to need 1 day or so；2. hot stage, i.e., be raised to 70 DEG C of stages from 50 DEG C, general only to need 2 days；
3. temperature-fall period；That is continuous high temperature starts to cool down after 1-2 weeks；Silage corn fermentation process is completed at this time.
The wherein described sweet potato vine powder is 10-15 parts preferred.
The wherein described vinasse are distillers ' grains, are formed with several pure grain fermentations such as sorghum, corn, barley, have and make us easypro
The taste of suitable fermented cereal, somewhat roasting fragrant and malty, can not only reduce feed cost, but also have certain rush to ox
Food, attractant effect, preferably 5-10 parts.
The wherein described buckwheat is 2-3 parts preferred.
The wherein described Angelica Dahurica extract is 0.5-0.8 parts preferred.
The wherein described Tea Saponin is 0.05-0.1 parts preferred, saponin(e weight content >=60%.
The weight proportion of wherein described Angelica Dahurica extract and Tea Saponin is (5-10)：1.
The wherein described multi-vitamins are vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E compounding, multiple
It is 1 with ratio:1:1:1:1.
The feed addictive is made in terms of parts by weight of the following raw material dregs of a decoction：
100 parts of Semen Cuscutae, 70-100 parts of the fruit of glossy privet, 190-230 parts of malt, plays both sides of the street 110-180 parts, 120-200 parts of motherwort,
130-210 parts of schizonepeta, 200-250 parts of sealwort, 120-190 parts of Schisandra chinensis, 200-280 parts of the stem pith of the rice-paper plant, 100-140 parts of Radix Codonopsis, radix astragali
200-250 parts, 150-220 parts of pueraria lobata.
Its further preferred mass part, which matches, is：
100 parts of Semen Cuscutae, 90 parts of the fruit of glossy privet, 200 parts of malt, plays both sides of the street 150 parts, 170 parts of motherwort, 150 parts of schizonepeta, sealwort
205 parts, 130 parts of Schisandra chinensis, 250 parts of the stem pith of the rice-paper plant, 110 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 210 parts of radix astragali, 170 parts of pueraria lobata.
Preferably ferment during feed addictive use, fermentation process is as follows：
（1）In terms of parts by weight, by 100 parts of feed addictive, 9 parts of 0. 5-0. of saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus niger 0.1-0.2 are added
Part, 0.4-0.5 parts of cellulose degradation bacteria strain, is puddled, and the water for adding 60-70 parts stirs evenly；
（2）Then the mixture being stirred is filled into container, sealing anaerobic fermentation 6-8 days.
The preparation method of milk cow forage of the present invention, it mainly includes the following steps：
（1）It is broken section of 15mm-25mm that silage corn, Alfalfa and rye grass are ground into length；
（2）Feed is weighed with various raw materials；
（3）It is uniformly mixed after processing by equal increments method.
Mixed mixture can also be pressed into by pie or cubed feed with Direct-fed after being uniformly mixed.
Equal increments method operating method is：The big component of the amount of a small amount of components and equivalent is taken, while is placed in mixing machinery
In be uniformly mixed, the big component of amount for adding same mixture equivalent is uniformly mixed, and so a times amount, which is increased up, adds whole amount
Untill big component.
Proved by inventor's a large number of experiments, if step（1）Silage corn, Alfalfa and rye grass crushed short across
Carefully, accelerate feed in cud by speed, not only reduce the digestibility of feed, and can not meet cow, ewe
To the demand of effective fiber, so as to have a negative impact to animal health；Silage corn, Alfalfa and rye grass are long, ox nozzle
Inconvenience is chewed, and simply falls out hopper, causes to waste.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
（1）Lactose rate can be significantly reduced；Milk Fat Percentage in Dairy Cows and protein ratio are provided, urea nitrogen is reduced and body cell contains
Amount；
（2）The lactation amount of milk cow can be improved.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1-14
Table 1-2 is raw material and quality, unit kg used in embodiment 1-12, comparative example 1-2.
Comparative example 1 is that Angelica Dahurica extract is eliminated on the basis of embodiment 6, and comparative example 2 is on the basis of embodiment 6
Eliminate Tea Saponin.
The fermentation process of silage corn in turn includes the following steps in embodiment：
（1）Material prepares：Silage corn is passed through into coarse crushing；
（2）Leavening is activated, leavening Activiation method：7 portions of brown sugar are added in 15 parts of water, after boiling, cooling, finally again will
10 parts of leavening, which is poured into water, to be stirred evenly, after barrelling is sealed by fermentation 8 days, leavening activation completion when smelling tart flavour or vinosity, with
Upper number is parts by weight；Leavening is " agriculture Citroen zx " organic leavening；
（3）Pile-fermentation：Leavening after 35 parts of activation is added in 900 parts of silage corn material, while adds water, will be fermented
The moisture content of material is maintained at 70-80%；Then heap fermentation is built, stack height exists in 1-2m, width 1.5-3m, length
2-4m。
The multi-vitamins are vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E compounding, compound ratio
Example is 1:1:1:1:1.
The feed addictive is made in terms of parts by weight of the following raw material dregs of a decoction：
100 parts of Semen Cuscutae, 90 parts of the fruit of glossy privet, 200 parts of malt, plays both sides of the street 150 parts, 170 parts of motherwort, 150 parts of schizonepeta, sealwort
205 parts, 130 parts of Schisandra chinensis, 250 parts of the stem pith of the rice-paper plant, 110 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 210 parts of radix astragali, 170 parts of pueraria lobata.
The feed addictive, fermentation process are as follows：
（1）In terms of parts by weight, by 100 parts of feed addictive, 0.9 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0.2 part of aspergillus niger, cellulose are added
0.5 part of bacteria strain of degraded, is puddled, and the water for adding 70 parts stirs evenly；
（2）Then the mixture being stirred is filled into container, sealing anaerobic fermentation 7 days.
Table 1
。
Table 2
。
Above example, the preparation method of comparative example feed are as follows：
（1）It is broken section of 20mm that silage corn, Alfalfa and rye grass are ground into length；
（2）Feed is weighed with various raw materials；
（3）It is uniformly mixed by equal increments method.
Feed efficiency test method of the present invention is as follows：
Test period and place：
Test and carried out in April, 2016 to October in Hengyang vaccary；Experimental animal：Holstein cow.
Experimental design and feeding and management method：
According to principle similar in milk production of cow, lactation age in days, parity, selection health, the Early-lactation He Sitan milk without disease
Ox, is randomly divided into 14 groups, every group 15, feeds the feed of embodiment 1-12 and comparative example 1-2 respectively, 3 times a day.
Raising dairy cattle pattern is tested as free choice feeding, drinking-water, free movement, dissipates formula management；Feed of the present invention is to milk cow
The influence of milk composition the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
。
For the component content of cow's milk because the influence of various factors has very big difference, butterfat is the one kind most easily influenced by daily ration
Milk composition, remaining component change and change with lactation period, milk production season and butterfat.From the point of view of result of the test of the present invention, the present invention
Feed can significantly improve the output of milk, and have rise butterfat percnetage and protein ratio, reduce urea nitrogen, body cell, milk sugar rate
Effect, is effectively improved milk cow production performance.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of milk cow forage, it is characterised in that in terms of parts by weight, be made of following raw material：40-50 parts of silage corn, ground
5-15 parts of melon seedling powder, 5-10 parts of Alfalfa, 1-6 parts of rye grass, 4-10 parts of dregs of beans, 5-15 parts of vinasse, 5-10 parts of corn flour, wheat bran
1-5 parts, 10-20 parts of rice bran, 10-15 parts of shrimp shell meal, 5-10 parts of fishbone dust, 1-4 parts of buckwheat, 3-7 parts of multi-vitamins powder,
1-2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 0.5-1.0 parts of sodium acid carbonate, 0.2-0.5 parts of salt, 0.5-1.0 parts of Angelica Dahurica extract, Tea Saponin
0.05-0.2 parts, 10-20 parts of feed addictive；
The feed addictive is made in terms of parts by weight of the following raw material dregs of a decoction：
100 parts of Semen Cuscutae, 70-100 parts of the fruit of glossy privet, 190-230 parts of malt, plays both sides of the street 110-180 parts, 120-200 parts of motherwort,
130-210 parts of schizonepeta, 200-250 parts of sealwort, 120-190 parts of Schisandra chinensis, 200-280 parts of the stem pith of the rice-paper plant, 100-140 parts of Radix Codonopsis, radix astragali
200-250 parts, 150-220 parts of pueraria lobata.
2. milk cow forage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that to ferment during the feed addictive use, fermentation side
Method is as follows：
（1）In terms of parts by weight, by 100 parts of feed addictive, 9 parts of 0. 5-0. of saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus niger 0.1-0.2 are added
Part, 0.4-0.5 parts of cellulose degradation bacteria strain, is puddled, and the water for adding 60-70 parts stirs evenly；
（2）Then the mixture being stirred is filled into container, sealing anaerobic fermentation 6-8 days.
3. milk cow forage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the silage corn is 45-50 parts；To be sent out during use
Ferment, fermentation process in turn include the following steps：
（1）Material prepares：Silage corn is passed through into coarse crushing；
（2）Leavening is activated, leavening Activiation method：4-7 portions of brown sugar are added in 10-15 parts of water, after boiling, cooling, most
5-10 parts of leavening is poured into water again afterwards and is stirred evenly, after barrelling is sealed by fermentation 6-8 days, leavening swashs when smelling tart flavour or vinosity
Living to complete, above number is parts by weight；
（3）Pile-fermentation：Leavening after 25-35 parts of activation is added in 900-1000 parts of silage corn material, is added at the same time
Water, 70-80% is maintained at by the moisture content of fermentation material；Then heap fermentation is built, stack height is in 1-2m, width 1.5-
3m, length is in 2-4m.
4. milk cow forage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the vinasse are distillers ' grains, and dosage is 5-10 parts.
5. milk cow forage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the buckwheat is 2-3 parts.
6. milk cow forage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Angelica Dahurica extract is 0.5-0.8 parts.
7. milk cow forage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Tea Saponin is 0.05-0.1 parts, and saponin(e weight contains
Amount >=60%.
8. milk cow forage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the weight proportion of the Angelica Dahurica extract and Tea Saponin
For (5-10)：1.
9. the preparation method of milk cow forage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
（1）It is broken section of 15mm-25mm that silage corn, Alfalfa and rye grass are ground into length；
（2）Feed is weighed with various raw materials；
（3）It is uniformly mixed by equal increments method.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109170253A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南山水道生态文化发展有限公司 | A kind of Chinese milk vetch cattle feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN109170252A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南山水道生态文化发展有限公司 | A kind of feed and preparation method thereof of milk cattle fooder |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109170253A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南山水道生态文化发展有限公司 | A kind of Chinese milk vetch cattle feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN109170252A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南山水道生态文化发展有限公司 | A kind of feed and preparation method thereof of milk cattle fooder |
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