CN1079115C - 用粉状脂酶转酯基的方法 - Google Patents
用粉状脂酶转酯基的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1079115C CN1079115C CN94115396A CN94115396A CN1079115C CN 1079115 C CN1079115 C CN 1079115C CN 94115396 A CN94115396 A CN 94115396A CN 94115396 A CN94115396 A CN 94115396A CN 1079115 C CN1079115 C CN 1079115C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lipase
- transesterification
- reaction
- powdery
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000019626 lipase activity Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- UYXTWWCETRIEDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tributyrin Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCC)COC(=O)CCC UYXTWWCETRIEDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000588986 Alcaligenes Species 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000005908 glyceryl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229940116364 hard fat Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- PAZZVPKITDJCPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O PAZZVPKITDJCPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 108090000371 Esterases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MKYLOMHWHWEFCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manthidine Natural products C1C2=CC=3OCOC=3C=C2C2C3=CC(OC)C(O)CC3N1C2 MKYLOMHWHWEFCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNFRINMTRPQQLE-JQWAAABSSA-N Montanin Chemical compound O[C@H]([C@@]1(CO)O[C@H]1[C@H]1[C@H]2O3)[C@]4(O)C(=O)C(C)=C[C@H]4[C@]11OC3(CCCCCCCCCCC)O[C@@]2(C(C)=C)C[C@H]1C SNFRINMTRPQQLE-JQWAAABSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNFRINMTRPQQLE-OFGNMXNXSA-N Montanin Natural products O=C1[C@@]2(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@]3(CO)O[C@H]3[C@@H]3[C@H]4[C@@]5(C(=C)C)O[C@](CCCCCCCCCCC)(O4)O[C@@]3([C@H](C)C5)[C@@H]2C=C1C SNFRINMTRPQQLE-OFGNMXNXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTZPBQMTXNEKRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Voacristine pseudoindoxyl Natural products N1C2=CC=C(OC)C=C2C(=O)C21CCN(C1)C3C(C(C)O)CC1CC32C(=O)OC QTZPBQMTXNEKRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000179532 [Candida] cylindracea Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CNNRPFQICPFDPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO CNNRPFQICPFDPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007348 radical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010499 rapseed oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010496 thistle oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002666 1-octacosanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEOIWYCWCDBOPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-heptanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCC(O)=O OEOIWYCWCDBOPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCO BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDTDKYHPHANITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyloctan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCO QDTDKYHPHANITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004135 Bone phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004439 Isononyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000053002 Lipase-like Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700039553 Lipase-like Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000235395 Mucor Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589540 Pseudomonas fluorescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235403 Rhizomucor miehei Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235527 Rhizopus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000303962 Rhizopus delemar Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588264 Rhizopus javanicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HXWJFEZDFPRLBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Timnodonic acid Natural products CCCC=CC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O HXWJFEZDFPRLBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAECOWNUKCLBPZ-HIUWNOOHSA-N Triolein Natural products O([C@H](OCC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC)C(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC BAECOWNUKCLBPZ-HIUWNOOHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioleoylglycerol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000941 bile Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCO FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVSZKTAMJJTWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosa-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC(O)=O DVSZKTAMJJTWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N docosahexaenoic acid Natural products CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000735 docosanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005135 eicosapentaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960005082 etohexadiol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZMQHOJDDMFGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1,1-triol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)(O)O TZMQHOJDDMFGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012051 hydrophobic carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004232 linoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001802 myricyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-N ricinoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003637 steroidlike Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117972 triolein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
- C12P7/6445—Glycerides
- C12P7/6458—Glycerides by transesterification, e.g. interesterification, ester interchange, alcoholysis or acidolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
- C12N11/14—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an inorganic carrier
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
使用一种粉状脂酶进行转酯基的方法,其中在有或没有惰性有机溶剂存在的条件下,将粉状脂酶分散到含酯的起始原料中,并在转酯基反应过程中,将至少90%的分散脂酶颗粒的直径保持在1-100μm范围内。得到的反应速度高于传统的使用粉状脂酶的转酯基化方法,并且该脂酶易于回收和再使用,而其脂酶活性没有损失,还降低了由于固定化载体上残留的底物发生的转化及减少了由于固定化载体将水带入反应体系而产生的副反应。
Description
本发明涉及一种使用粉状脂酶转酯基(transesterification)的方法。
转酯基反应是改良动物和植物油及脂肪,及生产各种脂肪酸酯、糖酯和甾体的一种重要方法。当使用一种脂酶(它是一种水解油和脂肪的酶)作为转酯基反应的催化剂时,可获得如下好处:该反应可以在室温至约70℃的温和条件下进行;可比一般化学反应更容易控制副反应且降低能耗;由于使用的酯酶催化剂是天然产物,而获得高度安全性。另一点好处是可依据底物特异性及位点特异性有效地生产目的产物。
然而,当使用粉状脂酶本身作为转酯基反应的催化剂时,其活性不能得到充分体现。而且,很难将基本上水溶的脂酶均匀分散到油性起始原料中,另外,脂酶回收也是困难的。因此,为将脂酶用于油类或脂肪的转酯基反应,通常将脂酶固定在一种载体上,例如一种阴离子交换树脂〔未审的日本专利公开申请(下文称“日本专利公开”)昭60-98984〕,酚吸附树脂(日本专利公开昭61-20268),疏水性载体(日本专利公开平2-138986),阳离子交换树脂(日本专利公开平3-64185),或螯合树脂(日本专利公开平1-262795)。
在先有技术中,用于转酯基反应的脂酶是固定的,但这种固定导致该脂酶基本活性的丧失,另外,当使用各孔载体时,起始原料和产物填满了小孔从而降低了转酯基的效率。再者,在转酯基反应中使用传统的固定脂酶,载体中含有的水被带到反应体系中,因此很难避免副反应,如在油类或脂肪的转酯基反应过程中形成双甘油酯或单甘油酯。
在使用普通脂酶的转酯基反应领域中,几乎没有知道:在约100℃高的反应温度下,无论脂酶固定或不固定,它均是可用的。为此,设想这是因为在传统的固定化技术中还没有发现耐如此高温的脂酶,也没有开发出这样一种耐热的固定化脂酶。
本发明的一个主要目的是提供一种转酯基方法,该方法获得的反应速度较传统的使用粉状脂酶的转酯基方法高,并且该脂酶可方便地回收和再使用,而不会导致脂酶活性丧失,不会由于固定载体上残留的底物而降低转化率,也不会因为固定化载体带入反应体系中的水而产生副反应。
由下列描述和实施例可明显看出本发明的这一种和其它目的。
通过将粉状脂酶分散到欲进行转酯基反应的起始原料中并控制粉状脂酶颗粒的大小,使至少90%的颗粒直径在1-100μm范围内解决了上述问题,基于这一发现完成了本发明。
也就是说,本发明提供了一种使用粉状脂酶的转酯基方法,其中在存在或不存在惰性有机溶剂下,将该粉状脂酶分散到含有酯的起始原料中,且在转酯基化反应过程中,应保持至少90%的分散的脂酶颗粒的直径在1-100μm范围内。
图1表示当起始原料进行超声处理(实施例1)和未进行超声处理(对比实施例1)时观察到的转酯基作用程度随时间的变化。
本发明的优选实施方案
本文可用的酯包括那些从羧酸和醇衍生的酯。用于生成这些酯的羧酸优选饱和或不饱和的,直链或支链的脂肪族一元羧酸,所述脂肪酸具有2-40个碳原子;及具有2-30个碳原子的脂肪族二元羧酸和三元羧酸。脂肪族一元羧酸的例子包括乙酸、丁酸、辛酸、异辛酸、异壬酸、癸酸、月桂酸、棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、十七烷酸、硬脂酸、异硬脂酸、油酸、反油酸、10-羟基硬脂酸、12-羟基硬脂酸、蓖麻油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、芥酸、山萮酸、araohidonic acid、二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸、蜡酸、褐煤酸、二十九烷酸和蜂花酸,脂肪族二元酸的例子包括琥珀酸、苹果酸、富马酸、马来酸、酒石酸、戊二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、1,12-十二碳二羧酸、1,24-二十四碳二羧酸。脂肪族三元酸的例子包括柠檬酸。
优选的醇是饱和的或不饱和的、直链或支链的、具有1-50个碳原子的脂肪族一元醇和二元至六元醇。这类醇的例子包括一元醇如:甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、己醇、异辛醇、异壬醇、月桂醇、鲸蜡醇、硬脂醇、异硬脂醇、油醇、山萮醇、二十八醇、UNILIN醇425(平均分子量:510,美国Petrolite Corp.的产品)、UNILIN醇550(平均分子量660)和UNILIN醇700(平均分子量:850);二元醇例如乙二醇、二甘醇、丙二醇、二丙二醇、丁二醇、新戊二醇、1,8-辛二醇和1,10-癸二醇;及三元和更多元醇例如甘油、双甘油、三甘油、聚甘油、季戊四醇、戊三醇(trimethylolethane)和己三醇(trimethyolopropane)。上述羧酸和醇中的碳原子数的上限是那些可从市场上购得的工业规模的羧酸和醇所具有的碳原子数。当然,具有更多个碳原子数的羧酸和醇是可用的,只要它们易于得到。
由羧酸和醇衍生的酯可以从天然产品例如动物、植物、海洋动物、微生物和矿物中提取,或者它们可通过一般的酯化方法合成。在本发明中,优选的酯的例子是油、脂肪和蜡。
在本发明中,将粉状脂酶加到上述用作起始原料的酯中进行转酯基反应。该酯可以使用一种或它们的混合物形式。如果需要,该酯可与一种或多种的上述羧酸或者一种或多种的上述醇混合使用。然而,粉状脂酶分散于其中的起始原料是酯类,这是必须的。当将粉状脂酶直接加到羧酸或醇中时,该脂酶的活性降低,从而不利地延长了转酯基反应时间。因此,在本发明中,当使用羧酸或醇和酯为起始原料时,优选预先将粉状脂酶分散到至少是酯中,然后再将羧酸或醇加到其中。虽然可将粉状脂酶直接加到起原料中,但使用对起始原料(反应底物)和脂酶为惰性的有机溶剂是十分方便的,例如烃类溶剂,如己烷或庚烷。该惰性有机溶剂的用量优选为10-90份重量(对于100份重的起始原料而言)。只要不破坏脂酶的活性,该反应可在适当加热条件下进行。
本发明的特征在于在转酯基反应过程中,至少有90%的如上述分散的脂酶颗粒的直径被控制在1-100μm范围内,优选20-50μm。尤其是,当粉状酯酶加入酯中时,形成数百μm或更大(直径)的不同小块,从而形成不均匀分散液。匀化该分散液使其颗粒大小在上述范围内。这种均匀化过程可通过超声处理含有分散于其中的脂酶的惰性有机溶剂和/或酯来进行,或者通过适当搅拌分散的方法进行,如果需要,然后再进行微滤或离心沉淀。通过上述的一种方法或多种方法的结合,可以获得一种分散液,其中至少90%的分散于其中的脂酶的颗粒直径在1-100μm范围内,且如果需要,可用粒度仪来测定颗粒的直径和分布。超声处理是优选的,因为它简便易行。在20-150KHz条件下,进行超声处理1-30分钟。当直径在1-100μm的分散脂酶颗粒的数量低于90%时,其反应速度降低(颗粒直径较大时),或者难于从反应液中回收脂酶颗粒,使脂酶不可能再使用(颗粒直径较小时)。
因此,在本发明中,使用前的粉状脂酶的颗粒大小是不重要的,加入酯中后通过上述方法可粉碎细的任何粉状脂酶都是可用的。通常,粉状脂酶颗粒直径在10-100μm是优选的。
将粉状酯酶颗粒的直径控制在所需大小之后,在分散液介质是惰性有机溶剂的情况下将该分散液与酯混合,然后再与羧酸或醇混合进行转酯基反应。在该分散液的介质是酯的情况下,该分散液可直接进行反应或者在适宜地加入羧酸或醇后再进行反应。通过测定反应液中脂酶颗粒的大小来控制酯交换反应过程中或完成后的脂酶颗粒的直径,如果需要,使用上述的一种方法或多种方法结合处理反应液。
用于本发明的粉状脂酶可从任何动物、植物和微生物中获得。这些实例包括从猪的胰腺获得的脂酶,从大豆、谷糖、蓖麻籽等获得的脂酶,及由黑色曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、Candida cylindracea、德列马根霉(Rhizopus javanicus)、爪哇根霉(Rhizopus delemar)、产碱杆菌属(Alcaligenessp),如粪产碱杆菌(Alcaligenes feacalis)、米赫毛霉(Mucor miehei)及荧光假单孢菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)产生的脂酶。虽然可从上述组织或培养液中提取,然后纯化生产脂酶,但使用商业上可以得到的脂酶十分方便。
在上述脂酶中,优选由产碱杆菌属生产的脂酶。尤其优选的是脂酶QL(Meits Sangyo Co.,Ltd的一种产品),它是由脂酶产生菌Meito PL-266产生的,其在日本专利防卫性公告(下文称“日本专利公告”)昭58-36953有述,并在the Fermentation Research In-stitute of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology保藏,保藏号为FERM P-3187和FERM BP-2985。这种脂酶是一种胆汁活化脂酶,其特异位点在甘油酯的1-位和3位,且适宜的pH是碱性的。日本专利公告昭58-36953中描述了这种脂酶的酶特性。另一种脂酶,即从产碱杆菌得到的脂酶PL也是可用的。当使用这种脂酶种,转酯基反应可在81°-130℃的高温度下进行。在该反应的过程中,可使该反应体系基本上无水,以抑制分解反应。在不含溶剂的反应体系中,另一个优点是可使用熔点较高的起始原料,例如蜡。具体地说,在不存在任何溶剂下,将脂酶加到被转酯基的起始底物中,不加入水,将该混合物加热到81°-130℃,优选91°-120℃,更优选91°-110℃,最优选95°-100℃,用上述方法将分散的(脂酶)颗粒直径控制在预定大小,使该反应进行预期的时间,如10分钟至50小时。该反应完成后,按常规方法回收和纯化反应产物,得到该转酯基反应产物。
当转酯基反应不在上述温度下进行时,该反应则在一个所用的脂酶最佳温度附近,在无水条件下优选进行10分钟至50小时。待反应完成后,按常规方法回收并纯化该反应产物,得到转酯基反应产物。在本发明中,分散的脂酶颗粒可通过微滤、离心、用惰性有机溶剂洗涤等从反应液中回收,且如果需要,使用上述方法,经控制颗粒大小后,可再次用于转酯基反应。
根据本发明,可获得的反应速度较传统的使用脂酶的转酯基方法高,并且其脂酶易于回收和再使用。再有,在没有任何溶剂的条件下,高熔点脂肪如蜡的转酯基反应能方便有效地进行。另外,固定化脂酶的制备不是必要的,因此不象使用固定化脂酶的转酯基反应那样,本发明方法可以避免反应速度的降低(即,反应时间延长)和由水引起的副反应。
下列实施例将进一步说明本发明。实施例1
将50g中等链长的脂肪酸三甘油酯(商品名:ODO;The NisshinMills,Ltd.的一种产品,其中辛酸/癸酸的比例为75/25)装入备有搅拌器的200ml烧瓶中。往其中加入产碱杆菌产生的粉状脂酶0.1g(商品名:脂酶QL,平均粒径:30μm;Meito Sangyo Co.,Ltd,的一种产品)。使用超声发生器(sus-103;Shimadzu Corporation的一种产品)在室温及28、45和100KHz条件下以超声波进行10秒环状辐射1分钟来处理所得混合物。处理完后,用粒度分布仪(multisiz-er,Coulter Electronics的一种产品)测定分散液中脂酶颗粒的分布,发现98%的颗粒直径为20-50μm。然后将50g三油酸甘油酯加到该分散液液中,在75℃下,以350rpm的速度搅拌该所得混合物来进行转酯基反应。在一定时间间隔时测定其转酯基程度以检查该反应的进程。通过用气相色谱分析甘油酯组份并计算样品中转酯基产物的比例来测定转酯基程度。
图1显示了实施例1中转酯基程度随时间的变化。由图1可明显看出,通过本发明的方法,在该反应开始后不久就获得较高的活性,并在约3小时内完成了该反应。对比实施例1
除在反应不进行超声处理和转速度变为200rpm外,以与实施例1相同的方法进行转酯基反应。90%的脂酶颗粒直径在500-800μm。图1中显示了该结果,这表明该转酯基反应在开始后约2小时还未进行,而要完成该反应需约5小时。
实施例2
将0.5g产碱杆菌生产的粉状脂酶(商品名:脂酶PL;MeotoSangyo Co.,Ltd.的一种产品)加到50g棕榈油和50g菜油的混合物中。除条件是50KHz和5分钟外,进行与实施例1相同的超声处理后,获得一种分散液,其中92%的脂酶颗粒直径在20-50μm。然后使该转酯基反应在60℃、缓缓搅拌下进行24小时。转酯基程度为97%。然后用微滤装置(Toyo Filter PaperNo.5c;孔径1μm)回收反应液中的脂酶颗粒,将回收的脂酶直接加到50g棕榈油和50g菜油的混合物中,按上述相同方法进行转酯基反应。此后,重复该转酯基反应共五次,回收的脂酶颗粒用己烷洗去油脂然后再用于转酯基反应。由于回收脂酶活性与第一和第二反应步骤中脂酶活性的水平相同,故该脂酶可进一步重复用于转酯基反应。于是,该分批反应可重复约40次而仍能保持(脂酶)的初始活性,使用1份重量的粉状脂酶可将约7,000份重的油脂转酯基化。
实施例3
将用Candida cylindracea产生的0.1g粉状脂酶(商品名:脂酶OF;Meito Sangyo Co.,Ltd.的一种产品)悬浮于30g红花油中。用尼龙滤布(孔径:100μm)和相同于实施例2中所用的微滤器(孔径:1μm)过滤所得悬浮液,得到一种其中脂酶颗粒的直径在1-100μm的分散液。将30g棕榈油加到该分散液中,在60℃下,100rpm下用磁力搅拌器搅拌进行转酯基反应。该转酯基反应迅速进行,在反应开始后4小时完成。对比实施例2
除将粉状脂酶直接加到起始原料中且不进行预处理外,按实施例3的相同方法进行转酶基反应。反应液中10%的脂酶颗粒直径在10-90μm,颗粒的平均直径超过100μm。结果,当搅拌速度为1rpm时,脂酶的颗粒太大以至不能进行转酶基反应。
实施例4
用50g褐煤蜡(商品名:S蜡,Hoechst的一种产品)的分解脂肪酸的乙酯、50gODO(与实施例1中所用的相同)和1g脂酶QL,在磁力搅拌器搅拌下(搅拌速度300rpm)进行转酯基反应。该反应在高于褐煤熔点的95℃温度下进行7小时。将粉状脂酶分散到ODO中,并在反应前进行与实施例1中相同的处理。96%的脂酶颗粒直径在20-40μm。
反应产物的气相层析分析结果证明褐煤蜡脂肪酸进入了ODO(三甘油酯)中。从这一事实发现高熔点脂肪蜡可以在95℃高温下使用脂酶,而不使用任何有机溶剂下进行转酯基作用。
实施例5
使用20g14碳二元羧酸、80g三丁精(三丁酸甘油酯)(商品名:Tribtyrin;Wako Pure Chemical Industries,Ltd.的一种产品)和1g脂酶QL(如实施例1中所用),在磁力搅拌器搅拌下(300rpm)进行转酯基反应。该反应在120℃进行以使长链脂肪酸溶解。反应时间为6.5小时。将粉状脂酶分散到三丁精中,并在反应前进行相同于实施例1中方法的处理。90%的脂酶颗粒直径在10-90μm。
反应产物的气相色谱分析结果证实长链二元酸进入了三丁精中。由这一事实发现高熔点脂肪长链二元酸可在120℃下,使用脂酶而不使用任何溶剂来进行转酯基化。对比实施例3
将如实施例3用的脂酶OF溶于水中,得到10%水溶液。将50gCelite加到100ml的该水溶液中,冷冻干燥所得混合物,得到固定化脂酶,该脂酶的含水量为0.1%,颗粒直径为0.1-1.4mm。将2g该固定化脂酶加到30g红花油和30g棕榈油的混合物中,按实施例3的相同方法进行转酯基反应。完成反应所需时间为15小时。通过GLC分析反应产物,发现该产物中含有7.5%的二甘油酯,该组份在其它实施例样品中未被检测到。
Claims (12)
1.一种使用粉状脂酶转酯基的方法,其中的粉状脂酶在有或没有惰性有机溶剂存在下,被分散到含有酯的起始原料中,并且在转酯基反应过程中,至少90%的分散的脂酶颗粒的直径保持在1-100μm范围内。
2.权利要求1的转酯基的方法,其中的粉状脂酶是由一种产碱杆菌属的微生物产生的。
3.权利要求1的转酯基化方法,其中的转酯基反应是在81-130℃下进行的。
4.权利要求1的转酯基的方法,其中含有酯的起始原料是具有1-50个碳原子的醇与具有2-40个碳原子的脂肪酸的酯。
5.权利要求1的转酯基的方法,其中在没有惰性有机溶剂存在下,将粉状脂酶分散到含有酯的起始原料的。
6.权利要求1的转酯基的方法,其中在转酯基反应过程中,至少90%的分散的脂酶颗粒直径保持在20-50μm范围內。
7.权利要求1的转酯基的方法,其中转酯基反应进行10分钟至50小时。
8.权利要求1的转酯基的方法,其中至少90%的分散的脂酶颗粒的直径保持在1-100μm范围內是通过下述的一种方法或者两种或多种方法的结合来实现的:用超声波处理含有脂酶分散于其中的惰性有机溶剂和/或起始原料,及微滤转酯基反应液。
9.权利要求1的转酯基的方法,其中转酯基反应是使用由产碱杆菌属微生物产生的脂酶,在没有惰性有机溶剂存在的条件下在81-130℃下进行10分钟至50小时。
10.权利要求9的转酯基方法,其中转酯基反应在91-120℃下进行。
11.权利要求9的转酯基方法,其中含有酯的起始原料是具有1-50个碳原子的醇与具有2-40个碳原子的脂肪酸的酯。
12.权利要求9的转酯基方法,其中至少90%的分散的脂酶颗粒的直径保持在1-100μm范围內是通过下述的一种方法或者两种或多种方法的结合来实现的:用超声波处理含有脂酶分散于其中的惰性有机溶剂和/或起始原料,及微滤转酯基反应液。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP231629/93 | 1993-09-17 | ||
JP5231629A JP2668187B2 (ja) | 1993-09-17 | 1993-09-17 | リパーゼ粉末を用いたエステル交換法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1111285A CN1111285A (zh) | 1995-11-08 |
CN1079115C true CN1079115C (zh) | 2002-02-13 |
Family
ID=16926507
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN94115396A Expired - Lifetime CN1079115C (zh) | 1993-09-17 | 1994-09-16 | 用粉状脂酶转酯基的方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5480787A (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2668187B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1079115C (zh) |
MY (1) | MY113281A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW305880B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103492581A (zh) * | 2011-04-21 | 2014-01-01 | 株式会社钟化 | 直接酯交换油脂的制造方法 |
Families Citing this family (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9404483D0 (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1994-04-20 | Norsk Hydro As | Refining marine oil compositions |
JPH08238088A (ja) * | 1995-03-06 | 1996-09-17 | Showa Denko Kk | 高温下で高活性を有するリパーゼ |
US5716814A (en) * | 1996-02-02 | 1998-02-10 | Biomolecular Products, Inc. | Methods for making lysophosphatidylcholine |
US5713965A (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1998-02-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Production of biodiesel, lubricants and fuel and lubricant additives |
US6063916A (en) * | 1996-11-27 | 2000-05-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Transesterification of insoluble polysaccharides |
US6228997B1 (en) | 1998-07-10 | 2001-05-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Transesterification of insoluble polysaccharides |
WO2000005327A1 (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 2000-02-03 | Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company | A process for producing biodiesel, lubricants, and fuel and lubricant additives in a critical fluid medium |
US6887283B1 (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 2005-05-03 | Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc | Process for producing biodiesel, lubricants, and fuel and lubricant additives in a critical fluid medium |
US6395778B1 (en) | 2000-01-11 | 2002-05-28 | Omegatech, Inc. | Process for making an enriched mixture of polyunsaturated fatty acid esters |
US7749539B2 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2010-07-06 | Efrat Biopolymers Ltd. | Polymeric formulations for drug delivery |
EP2295529B2 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2022-05-18 | Basf As | Use of a volatile environmental pollutants-decreasing working fluid for decreasing the amount of pollutants in a fat for alimentary or cosmetic use |
SE0202188D0 (sv) * | 2002-07-11 | 2002-07-11 | Pronova Biocare As | A process for decreasing environmental pollutants in an oil or a fat, a volatile fat or oil environmental pollutants decreasing working fluid, a health supplement, and an animal feed product |
JP4491678B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-15 | 2010-06-30 | 公立大学法人大阪府立大学 | 脂肪酸アルコールエステルの製造方法 |
US20060008887A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2006-01-12 | Burghard Gruning | Production of carboxylic acid and carbonic acid derivatives using a thermostable esterase |
WO2005040370A2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-05-06 | Goldschmidt Gmbh | Thermostable hydrolase |
MY142014A (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2010-08-16 | Nisshin Oillio Group Ltd | A lipase powder, methods for producing the same and use thereof |
TW200538464A (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-12-01 | Nisshin Oillio Group Ltd | A 1,3-specific lipase powder, methods for producing the same and use thereof |
DE102004019472A1 (de) * | 2004-04-22 | 2005-11-17 | Bayer Healthcare Ag | Phenylacetamide |
JP4394598B2 (ja) | 2004-08-24 | 2010-01-06 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | リパーゼ粉末組成物及びそれを用いたエステル化物の製造方法 |
JP4478540B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-16 | 2010-06-09 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | リパーゼ粉末、その製造方法及びその使用 |
US20060084153A1 (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2006-04-20 | Wuli Bao | Method of producing diacylglycerides |
WO2006086936A1 (de) * | 2005-02-17 | 2006-08-24 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Flüssige bio-brennstoffmischung sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung derselben |
US7514575B2 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2009-04-07 | Battelle Energy Allicance, Llc | Production of biodiesel using expanded gas solvents |
CN101194014B (zh) * | 2005-06-09 | 2011-10-19 | 日清奥利友集团株式会社 | 脂肪酶粉末组合物 |
US7691270B2 (en) * | 2005-07-13 | 2010-04-06 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Method for removing impurities from an impurity-containing fluid stream |
JP4917349B2 (ja) | 2006-05-11 | 2012-04-18 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | リパーゼ活性の回復方法 |
AU2007276093A1 (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2008-01-24 | The Nisshin Oillio Group, Ltd. | A process for preparing a hard butter suitable for chocolate products |
US7566795B2 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2009-07-28 | Eastman Chemical Company | Preparation of retinyl esters |
UA97127C2 (uk) * | 2006-12-06 | 2012-01-10 | Бандж Ойлз, Инк. | Спосіб безперервної ферментативної обробки композиції, що містить ліпід, та система для його здійснення |
TWI438279B (zh) * | 2007-03-16 | 2014-05-21 | Nisshin Oillio Group Ltd | 脂肪酶粉末製劑,其製造方法及使用 |
US8308954B2 (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2012-11-13 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Methods for recovering a polar solvent from a fluid stream contaminated with at least one polar impurity |
US8747673B2 (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2014-06-10 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Methods for recovering a solvent from a fluid volume and methods of removing at least one compound from a nonpolar solvent |
CN101381614B (zh) * | 2008-10-17 | 2012-02-08 | 清华大学 | 一种回收非固定化脂肪酶催化油脂制备生物柴油工艺 |
JP5494913B2 (ja) | 2009-03-27 | 2014-05-21 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | リパーゼ粉末組成物の製造方法 |
JP2011115065A (ja) * | 2009-12-01 | 2011-06-16 | Nisshin Oillio Group Ltd | リパーゼ粉末製剤及びその使用 |
US10774176B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2020-09-15 | Dexcel Pharma Technologies Ltd. | Alternating and semi-alternating poly(ester-anhydride) copolymers |
EP3600438A4 (en) | 2017-03-29 | 2020-10-28 | Dexcel Pharma Technologies Ltd. | COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING BIODEGRADABLE COPOLYMERS |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1990004033A1 (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-04-19 | Enzytech, Inc. | Production of monoglycerides by enzymatic transesterification |
US5190868A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1993-03-02 | Meito Sangyo Co., Ltd. | Continuous process for the interesterification of fats or oils |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5836953A (ja) * | 1981-08-25 | 1983-03-04 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | アルミナセメント |
DK402583D0 (da) * | 1983-09-05 | 1983-09-05 | Novo Industri As | Fremgangsmade til fremstilling af et immobiliseret lipasepraeparat og anvendelse deraf |
DK153762C (da) * | 1985-02-27 | 1989-01-09 | Novo Industri As | Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af et immobiliseret lipasepraeparat |
GB8729890D0 (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1988-02-03 | Unilever Plc | Improvements in & relating to fat processes |
JP2749587B2 (ja) * | 1988-04-11 | 1998-05-13 | 花王株式会社 | 固定化酵素の製造方法 |
US5316927A (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1994-05-31 | Opta Food Ingredients, Inc. | Production of monoglycerides by enzymatic transesterification |
JP2794201B2 (ja) * | 1989-07-31 | 1998-09-03 | 味の素株式会社 | 固定化リパーゼ酵素剤 |
US5190968A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-03-02 | Merck Frosst Canada, Inc. | (Polycyclic-arylmethoxy) indoles as inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesis |
-
1993
- 1993-09-17 JP JP5231629A patent/JP2668187B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-08-31 TW TW083107995A patent/TW305880B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-08-31 US US08/296,921 patent/US5480787A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-09 MY MYPI94002372A patent/MY113281A/en unknown
- 1994-09-16 CN CN94115396A patent/CN1079115C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5190868A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1993-03-02 | Meito Sangyo Co., Ltd. | Continuous process for the interesterification of fats or oils |
WO1990004033A1 (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-04-19 | Enzytech, Inc. | Production of monoglycerides by enzymatic transesterification |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
《J.AM.CHEM.SOC》第115卷 第2期 1993.2.1 Fernandas等人"Marked Dependence of Enzyme Prochiral Selectivity of the Solvent * |
《J.AM.CHEM.SOC》第115卷 第2期 1993.2.1 Fernandas等人"Marked Dependence of Enzyme Prochiral Selectivity of the Solvent;《TIBS14》1989 1989.4.1 Alexander M.Klibanov 'Enzymatic catalysis in anhydroudorganic solvents" * |
《TIBS14》1989 1989.4.1 Alexander M.Klibanov 'Enzymatic catalysis in anhydroudorganic solvents" * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103492581A (zh) * | 2011-04-21 | 2014-01-01 | 株式会社钟化 | 直接酯交换油脂的制造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2668187B2 (ja) | 1997-10-27 |
US5480787A (en) | 1996-01-02 |
TW305880B (zh) | 1997-05-21 |
MY113281A (en) | 2002-01-31 |
JPH0779789A (ja) | 1995-03-28 |
CN1111285A (zh) | 1995-11-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN1079115C (zh) | 用粉状脂酶转酯基的方法 | |
Linko et al. | Lipase biocatalysis in the production of esters | |
Yahya et al. | Ester synthesis in lipase-catalyzed reactions | |
Güvenç et al. | The production of isoamyl acetate using immobilized lipases in a solvent-free system | |
Bloomer et al. | Triglyceride interesterification by lipases. 1. Cocoa butter equivalents from a fraction of palm oil | |
Linko et al. | Lipase-catalyzed transesterification of rapeseed oil and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol | |
Mendes et al. | Properties and biotechnological applications of porcine pancreatic lipase | |
EP0126416B1 (en) | Reaction method for transesterifying fats and oils | |
Kirk et al. | Fatty acid specificity in lipase-catalyzed synthesis of glucoside esters | |
US5128251A (en) | Immobilized lipolytic enzyme for esterification and interesterification | |
Jensen et al. | Selectivity is an important characteristic of lipases (acylglycerol hydrolases) | |
Bloomer et al. | Triglyceride Interesterification by Lipases: 2. Reaction parameters for the reduction of trisaturated impurities and diglycerides in batch reactions | |
Van der Padt et al. | Enzymatic acylglycerol synthesis in a membrane bioreactor | |
Hayes | The catalytic activity of lipases toward hydroxy fatty acids—a review | |
JPH02504342A (ja) | 固定化された、位置非特異的リパーゼ、その製造および使用 | |
US8318468B2 (en) | Emulsions in enzymatic reactions | |
Borgdorf et al. | Substrate selectivity of various lipases in the esterification of cis-and trans-9-octadecenoic acid | |
EP1008647B1 (en) | A process for preparing an immobilized enzyme | |
Mustranta et al. | Transesterification of phospholipids in different reaction conditions | |
Rosu et al. | Intensification of lipase performance in a transesterification reaction by immobilization on CaCO3 powder | |
Linko et al. | Factors affecting lipase catalyzed n-butyl oleate synthesis | |
Handayani et al. | Enzymatic Synthesis of Glyserol-Coconut Oil Fatty Acid and Glycerol-Decanoic Acis Ester as Emulsifier and Antimicrobial Agents Using Candida rugosa Lipase EC 3.1. 1.3 | |
EP1795591B1 (en) | Lipase powder, method for producing same and use thereof | |
Chen et al. | Alcoholysis of olive oil for producing wax esters by intracellular lipase in immobilized fungus cells | |
US5932458A (en) | Method of rapid fat and oil splitting using a lipase catalyst found in seeds |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee |
Owner name: NISSHIN OILLIO GROUP LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME OR ADDRESS: THE NISSHIN OIL MILLS, LTD. |
|
CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: Tokyo, Japan Patentee after: Nisshin Oillio Ltd. Address before: Tokyo, Japan Patentee before: Nitsu Shin Sei Yu Ltd. |
|
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Expiration termination date: 20140916 Granted publication date: 20020213 |