CN107911080A - The test device of solar cell electrical property - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a test device for the electrical performance of a solar cell, which includes an upper test stand and a lower test stand. The upper test stand includes a copper conductive wire group for testing the current and voltage on the front of the battery sheet, and a telescopic stretcher for adjusting the tension of the copper conductive wire. Springs, bus copper wires connected to all current and voltage copper conductive wires, main frame, and lifting device connected to the motor; the lower test bench includes a base, copper conductive strips, bus copper wires connected to all current and voltage copper conductive strips, and adsorption holes . This device can avoid the problem of false high short-circuit current test caused by table reflection, and also solves the problem of conductive contact between the front and back electrodes of the double-sided battery. performance feasibility.

Description

Test device for electrical performance of solar cells

technical field

The invention relates to a test device for the electrical performance of a solar battery, which belongs to the field of solar batteries.

Background technique

A solar cell is a device that converts light energy into electrical energy by using the photovoltaic effect. At present, the substrate of the mainstream commercial battery is crystalline silicon material, and the advanced PERC process is adopted on the P-type silicon crystal. Generally, this kind of battery has a single-sided structure, and the main grid is the mainstream 3-5 grid. If the P-type PERC battery is to be made into a double-sided structure, the traditional busbars will be canceled at the same time for the front electrode and the back electrode, and it will be designed as no busbar or multiple thin busbars. With such a structure, conductive contacts are formed only on the fine grids. Then the busbar-pressed probe row structure of the traditional solar cell electrical performance tester cannot be used to test zero-busbar/multi-busbar cells. If this type of zero-busbar/multi-busbar battery is designed as a double-sided structure, then it is necessary to have certain requirements for the reflectivity of the test bench (reflectivity <5%), which can eliminate the impact of the reflectivity of the test bench on the double-sided battery. Influence of short circuit current test.

Because this type of double-sided cell has a certain transmittance, the conventional test table has a high reflectivity because it is a copper plate table. Strong backside absorption leads to a falsely high short-circuit current test, resulting in uncertainty in the test.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device for testing the efficiency of single-sided and double-sided zero-busbar/multi-busbar solar cells. The problem of conductive contact of the front and back electrodes, by integrating with the automated transfer device, solves the feasibility of testing the electrical performance of this type of battery under mass production conditions.

For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is:

A test device for the electrical performance of solar cells, comprising an upper test stand and a lower test stand; the upper test stand and the lower test stand are connected by a lifting device with a motor;

The upper test bench includes a main body frame, an upper current-combining copper wire and an upper voltage-combining copper wire. The lower end of the main frame is provided with a copper conductive wire group for contacting the front of the solar cell. All current copper conductive wires in the copper conductive wire group It is electrically connected with the upper current converging copper wire for current collection and export, and all the voltage copper conductive wires in the copper conductive wire group are electrically connected with the upper voltage converging copper wire for voltage collection and export;

The lower test bench includes a test base, a lower current bus copper wire and a lower voltage bus copper wire, and the lower copper conductive strip group for contacting the back of the solar cell is arranged on the described test base, and the lower copper conductive strip group All the current copper conductive strips in the lower copper conductive strip group are electrically connected to the lower current bus copper conductors, and all the voltage copper conductive strips in the lower copper conductive strip group are electrically connected to the lower voltage bus copper conductors; each copper conductive strip in the lower copper conductive strip group consists of multiple Independent copper conductive strip segments are arranged at intervals along a straight line;

The surface of the main body frame and the lifting device is covered with a layer of black low-reflectivity material, and the surface of the test base is covered with a black insulating low-reflectivity material.

The reflectivity of the low reflectivity material is less than 5% in the 300nm-1200nm band.

The lower part of the main frame is provided with two rows of support columns, the copper conductive wire groups are arranged in parallel at the bottom of the support columns, and the two ends of the copper conductive wire groups are connected with the main frame.

The ends of the copper conductive wire group are provided with telescopic springs, the main frame is provided with insulating screws, and the telescopic springs are connected with the insulating screws.

The copper conductive wire group includes several copper conductive wires, which are current copper conductive wires for measuring current and voltage copper conductive wires for voltage measurement; the copper conductive wires are gold-plated or silver-plated copper conductive wires or pure copper conductive wires; The current converging copper wire is connected to the front electrode current port of the electrical performance tester, and the upper voltage converging copper wire is connected to the front electrode voltage port of the electrical performance tester.

The lower copper conductive strip group includes several copper conductive strips, which are respectively current copper conductive strips for measuring current and current copper conductive strips for measuring voltage; each copper conductive strip includes an embedded lower part and an outgoing upper part, and the buried lower part Into the test base, the upper part outside is set on the surface of the test base; the embedded lower part of multiple copper conductive strip segments is electrically connected.

The height of the outgoing upper part is 0.05mm-0.3mm, preferably 0.05mm-0.2mm.

The test base is provided with adsorption holes, and the adsorption holes are arranged in the gaps of the lower copper conductive strip group; the adsorption holes are connected with the vacuum tube through the vacuum adsorption structure.

The test base is provided with a belt groove, and the belt groove is connected with the belt transmission device through a belt.

The base of the test base is arched upward in an arc of 0.1-0.4 degrees along the arrangement direction of the copper conductive wire group.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The test device for testing the electrical performance of single-sided double-sided zero-busbar/multi-busbar solar cells in the present invention is composed of an upper test stand and a lower test stand, and the copper conductive wire group used to test the front current and voltage of the solar battery passes through the upper test stand The measured voltage and current parameters of the solar cell are collected and derived through the upper current converging copper wire connected to all current copper conductive wires and the upper voltage converging copper wire connected to all voltage copper conductive wires; the upper and lower copper conductive strip groups of the lower test platform The measured voltage and current parameters of the solar cell are respectively collected and derived through the lower current bus copper wires connected to all the current copper conductive strips of the lower test bench, and the lower voltage bus copper wires connected to all the voltage copper conductive strips of the lower test bench; Compared with the copper plate mesa, the reflectance in the long-wave band is <5%, while the reflectance of the copper plate mesa in the long-wave band is >80%, and the double-sided battery has a transmittance of >10% in the long-wave band. Reflected by the table, it will return to the battery and be absorbed to generate current, resulting in inaccurate short-circuit current test. The table designed by the present invention has low reflectivity, which effectively reduces the influence of table reflection on the re-absorption of the battery’s transmitted light, and improves the efficiency of the test. accuracy. After being matched and integrated with the automation system of the electrical performance tester, when actually testing the electrical properties of the battery slices, the battery slices are first conveyed to the center of the test bench through the belt, and then the upper and lower test benches are controlled by the automation system. Form a good conductive contact, and then pass the test of the solar simulator to achieve the purpose of testing the electrical performance of this type of battery. The test bench has a low reflectivity, which effectively reduces the influence of the reflection of the bench on the re-absorption of the transmitted light of the double-sided cell, and improves the accuracy of the efficiency test. At the same time, it also solves the problem of conductive contact between the front and back electrodes of the double-sided battery. By integrating with the automation device, it solves the feasibility of testing the electrical performance of this type of battery under mass production conditions. This device is also applicable to single-sided batteries. Among them, the independent copper conductive strip segments are rectangular cuboids, one of which is the back contact point for testing the cell voltage, and the remaining independent segments are the back contact points for testing the cell current.

Further, the current lines are collected and exported to be connected to the front electrode current port of the electrical performance tester, and the voltage lines are collected and exported to be connected to the front electrode voltage port of the electrical performance tester to read voltage and current signal values.

Furthermore, the telescopic spring is used to adjust the tension of the copper conductive wire, the length is 1cm-5cm, and the tension is 10N-30N. One end is fixed to the copper conductive wire through an insulating joint, and the other end is connected to a screw that can adjust the tension of the spring.

Further, the lifting device is connected with a motor, and its lifting is controlled by an automation system.

Further, there are two grooves in the middle of the test base, which are used to place the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt transmits the solar cells to the test device for testing.

Further, the lower test table is extended to the upper test table and the direction of the copper conductive wire is arched upward by 0.1-0.4 degrees, so that the test table can be better bonded to the cell to be tested.

Further, the adsorption holes are used to adsorb the tested solar cells, so that the electrical contact is more stable during the testing process and the testing is more accurate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test device for testing the electrical performance of a single-sided double-sided zero-busbar/multi-busbar solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural plan view of the testing device of testing single-sided double-sided zero-busbar/multi-busbar solar cell electrical performance in the embodiment;

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a test device for testing the electrical performance of a single-sided double-sided zero-busbar/multi-busbar solar cell in an embodiment;

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower test bench conductive copper strip of the test device for testing the electrical performance of a single-sided double-sided zero busbar/multi-busbar solar cell in an embodiment;

Among them: 1-upper copper conductive wire group, 2-telescopic spring, 3-upper current confluence copper wire, 4-upper confluence copper wire, 5-insulating screw, 6-main frame, 7-lifting device, 8-test base , 9-lower copper conductive strip group, 10-adsorption hole, 11-belt groove, 12-lower current confluence copper wire, 13-lower voltage confluence copper wire, 14-vacuum air tube.

Detailed ways

The specific content of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a test device for testing the electrical performance of single-sided double-sided zero-busbar/multi-busbar solar cells, including two major components: an upper test bench and a lower test bench, wherein the upper test bench includes Copper conductive wire group for testing the current and voltage of the front side of the solar cell 1, a telescopic spring for adjusting the tension of the copper conductive wire 2, an upper current converging copper wire connected to all current copper conductive wires 3, an upper voltage connected to all voltage copper conductive wires Converging copper wire 4, insulating screw 5 for adjusting tension of telescopic spring, main body frame 6 and lifting device 7 connected to motor. The lower test bench includes a test base 8 made of a black insulating low-reflectivity material with a black substrate, a lower copper conductive strip group 9, a lower current-combining copper wire 12 connecting all the current copper conductive strips of the lower test bench, and connecting all the current copper conductive strips of the lower test bench. The lower voltage bus copper wire 13 of the voltage copper conductive strip, the adsorption hole 10 and the two belt grooves 11 opened in the middle of the base; the lower copper conductive strip group 9 includes the buried lower part and the outgoing upper part, and the buried lower part is buried in the test base 8, and the outer upper part forms conductive contact with the back electrode of the battery; the adsorption hole 10 communicates with the vacuum adsorption structure, and the vacuum adsorption structure is connected with the vacuum tube 14.

This kind of test device for testing the electrical performance of single-sided double-sided zero-busbar/multi-busbar solar cells, compared with conventional copper plate mesa, has a long-wave reflectance of <5%, while copper plate mesa has a long-wave reflectance of >80%. The surface battery has a transmittance of >10% in the long-wave band. When testing the efficiency of the battery, the light transmitted by the battery will be reflected by the table and will return to the battery to be absorbed to generate current, resulting in inaccurate short-circuit current testing. The table designed by the present invention Due to the low reflectivity, the influence of the reabsorption of the transmitted light by the battery due to the reflection of the table is effectively reduced, and the accuracy of the efficiency test is improved. At the same time, it also solves the problem of conductive contact between the front and back electrodes of the double-sided battery. By integrating with the automatic transmission device, it solves the feasibility of testing the electrical performance of this type of battery under mass production conditions. After being matched and integrated with the automation system of the electrical performance tester, when actually testing the electrical properties of the battery slices, the battery slices are first conveyed to the center of the test bench through the belt, and then the upper and lower test benches are controlled by the automation system. Form a good conductive contact, and then pass the test of the solar simulator to achieve the purpose of testing the electrical performance of this type of battery.

In this embodiment, the copper conductive wire group 1 includes several copper conductive wires. The copper conductive wires are gold-plated or silver-plated copper conductive wires or pure copper conductive wires. There are 8-15 copper conductive wires, of which 1-5 are for testing It is used for voltage, and the rest is used for testing current. The diameter of the copper conductive wire is 0.1mm-0.8mm. The current wires are collected and exported to connect with the current port of the front electrode of the electrical performance tester. connected to the voltage port.

In this embodiment, the telescopic spring 2 has a length of 1cm-5cm and a tension of 10N-30N. One end is fixed to a copper conductive wire through an insulating joint, and the other end is connected to an insulating screw 5 that can adjust the tension of the spring.

In this embodiment, the upper current converging copper wire 3 and the upper voltage converging copper wire 4, the diameter of the copper wire is 1mm-3mm, and the outside is wrapped with insulating material. The copper wire 3 is welded, and the other end of the upper voltage bus copper wire 4 is connected to the front electrode current port of the electrical performance tester. The other end of the copper wire is connected to the front electrode voltage port of the electrical performance tester.

In this embodiment, the main frame 6 and the lifting device 7 connected to the motor are covered with a layer of black low reflectivity material on the surface of the main frame 6 and the lifting device, and the reflectivity is less than 5% in the 300nm-1200nm band. , its lifting is controlled by the automation system.

In the embodiment, the lower test platform is a black test base 8 made of black insulating material. The main body is made of black insulating low-reflectivity material with a size of 160mm×160mm. Fixed, there are two grooves in the middle, with a width of 1.5cm-2.5cm and a depth of 2mm-5mm, which are used to place the conveyor belt. The lower test table is arched upwards in an arc of 0.1-0.4 degrees along the direction of the copper conductive wire of the upper test table, so that the test The table top can be better bonded to the cells to be tested.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the lower copper conductive strip group 9 of the lower test platform, the lower copper conductive strip group includes an embedded lower part and an outgoing upper part, the embedded lower part is embedded in the test base 8, and the outgoing upper part is connected to the upper part. The back electrode of the double-sided battery forms a conductive contact. The width of the copper conductive strip is 1-3mm. There are 8-15 copper conductive strips in total. Each copper conductive strip is divided into 6-12 independent segments, which are rectangular cuboids. One of the independent segments To test the back contact of the cell voltage, the remaining separate segment is to test the back contact of the cell current. The width of each independent segment of the copper conductive strip 9 is 0.5mm-2mm, preferably 0.8mm-1.5mm, and the height of the upper part is 0.05mm-0.3mm, preferably 0.05mm-0.2mm, embedded in the lower part and tested Abutment 8 formed adhesion without loosening.

In this embodiment, the lower current-combining copper wires 12 and the lower voltage-combining copper wires 13 of the lower test bench are respectively connected to all current and voltage copper conductive strips. The copper conductive strips of the current flow together and are welded with the copper conductor 12. The other end of the copper conductor is connected to the current port of the electrode on the back side of the electrical performance tester. The voltage confluence copper wire 13 is welded, and the other end of the confluence copper wire is connected to the back electrode voltage port of the electrical performance tester.

In the present embodiment, for the adsorption holes 10 of the lower test bench, the base is provided with N×N (N=5, 6, 7, 8, 9) adsorption holes 10, and the vacuum adsorption structure includes a vacuum tube 14, and the adsorption holes are all connected to the diameter The vacuum air pipe of 0.5-1cm links to each other with vacuum pipeline 14.

The method of using the device of the present invention is as follows: after being matched and integrated with the automation system of the electrical performance tester, when actually testing the electrical properties of the battery slices, the battery slices are first conveyed to the center of the test bench through the belt, and then controlled by the automation system The lifting of the upper and lower test platforms forms a good conductive contact with the battery, and then the purpose of testing the electrical performance of this type of battery is achieved through the test of the solar simulator. The test bench has a low reflectivity, which effectively reduces the influence of the reflection of the bench on the re-absorption of the transmitted light of the double-sided cell, and improves the accuracy of the efficiency test. At the same time, it also solves the problem of conductive contact between the front and back electrodes of the double-sided battery. By integrating with the automation device, it solves the feasibility of testing the electrical performance of this type of battery under mass production conditions. This device is also applicable to single-sided batteries.

The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, if the various changes and deformations carried out to the present invention belong to the claims of the present invention and the equivalent technical scope, then the intention of the present invention is also These modifications and variations are included.

Claims (10)

1. A test device for solar cell electrical performance, characterized in that: comprise an upper test stand and a lower test stand; the upper test stand and the lower test stand are connected by a lifting device (7) with a motor; The upper test bench includes a main body frame (6), an upper current bus copper wire (3) and an upper voltage bus copper wire (4), and the lower end of the main body frame (6) is provided with a copper conductive wire group for contacting the front side of the solar cell (1), all current copper conductive wires in the copper conductive wire group (1) are electrically connected to the upper current converging copper wire (3) for current collection and export, and all voltage copper conductive wires in the copper conductive wire group (1) It is electrically connected with the upper voltage converging copper wire (4) for voltage converging and exporting; The lower test bench includes a test base (8), a lower current bus copper wire (12) and a lower voltage bus copper wire (13), and the described test base (8) is provided with a device for contacting the back of the solar cell. The lower copper conductive strip group (9), all current copper conductive strips in the lower copper conductive strip group (9) are electrically connected to the lower current converging copper wires (12), and all voltage copper conductive strips in the lower copper conductive strip group (9) It is electrically connected with the lower voltage bus copper wire (13); each copper conductive strip in the lower copper conductive strip group (9) is formed by a plurality of independent copper conductive strip segments arranged at intervals along a straight line; The surface of the main frame (6) and the lifting device are all covered with a layer of black low-reflectivity material, and the surface of the test base (8) is covered with a black insulating low-reflectivity material. 2 . The device for testing the electrical performance of a solar cell according to claim 1 , wherein the reflectance of the low-reflectivity material is less than 5% in the 300nm-1200nm band. 3. A test device for the electrical performance of a solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower part of the main frame (6) is provided with two rows of support columns, and the copper conductive wire group (1) is at the bottom of the support columns Arranged in parallel, the two ends of the copper conductive wire group (1) are connected with the main frame (6). 4. A test device for the electrical performance of a solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end of the copper conductive wire group (1) is provided with a telescopic spring (2), and the main frame (6) is provided with a Insulating screw (5) is arranged, and telescopic spring (2) is connected with insulating screw (5). 5. The testing device of a kind of solar cell electric performance according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described copper conductive wire group (1) comprises several copper conductive wires, is respectively the electric current copper conductive wire of measuring electric current and The voltage copper conductive wire for measuring voltage; the copper conductive wire is gold-plated or silver-plated copper conductive wire or pure copper conductive wire; the upper current converging copper wire (3) is connected to the front electrode current port of the electrical performance tester, and the upper voltage converging copper wire (4) Connect to the front electrode voltage port of the electrical performance tester. 6. The test device of a kind of solar cell electrical performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower copper conductive strip group (9) comprises several copper conductive strips, which are respectively current copper conductive strips for measuring current and a current copper conductive strip for measuring voltage; each copper conductive strip includes an embedded lower part and an outgoing upper part, the embedded lower part is embedded in the test base (8), and the outgoing upper part is arranged on the surface of the test base (8); multiple The buried lower portion of the copper busbar segment is electrically connected. 7 . The device for testing the electrical properties of solar cells according to claim 1 , wherein the height of the outgoing upper part is 0.05 mm-0.3 mm, preferably 0.05 mm-0.2 mm. 8. A test device for the electrical performance of a solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the test base (8) is provided with adsorption holes (10), and the adsorption holes (10) are arranged on the lower copper conductive In the gap of the bar group (9); the adsorption hole (10) is connected with the vacuum tube (14) through the vacuum adsorption structure. 9. A test device for the electrical performance of a solar cell according to claim (1), characterized in that: the test base (8) is provided with a belt groove (11), and the belt groove (11) passes through the belt Connect with belt conveyor. 10. A test device for the electrical performance of a solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base of the test base (8) arches upwards along the arrangement direction of the copper conductive wire group (1) by 0.1- 0.4 degrees of arc.