Testing device for electrical performance of solar cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for testing the electrical performance of a solar cell, and belongs to the field of solar cells.
Background
Solar cells are devices that convert light energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect. The substrate of the current commercial cells is crystalline silicon material and advanced PERC technology is used on P-type silicon crystals, typically such cells are of single sided construction with the main gate being the main 3-5 gate. If the P-type PERC battery is manufactured into a double-sided structure, the traditional main grids are eliminated from the front electrode and the back electrode, and the P-type PERC battery is designed to be free of main grids or multiple thin main grids. With such a structure, conductive contacts are formed only on the fine gate. The probe row structure of the pressing main grid of the conventional solar cell electrical property tester cannot be used for testing the zero main grid/multi main grid cell. If the zero main grid/multi main grid battery is designed into a double-sided structure, certain requirements (reflectivity < 5%) are required for the reflectivity of the test bench, so that the influence of the reflectivity of the test bench on the short-circuit current test of the double-sided battery can be eliminated.
Because the double-sided battery has certain transmissivity, the conventional test table board has higher reflectivity because of being a copper plate table board, when the efficiency of the battery is tested, the transmissivity of the battery and the reflection of the table board cause the battery to be absorbed at the long wave band and have stronger back, so that the short circuit current is tested to be virtually high, and the uncertainty of the test is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a testing device for testing the efficiency of a single-sided double-sided zero main grid/multi-main grid solar cell, which can avoid the problem of short circuit current testing deficiency height caused by table top reflection, solve the problem of conductive contact between the front and back electrodes of the double-sided cell, and solve the feasibility of testing the electrical performance under the condition of mass production of the cell through integration with an automatic transmission device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is:
the device for testing the electrical performance of the solar battery comprises an upper test bench and a lower test bench; the upper test bench and the lower test bench are connected through a lifting device with a motor;
the upper test bench comprises a main body frame, an upper current bus copper wire and an upper voltage bus copper wire, wherein a copper conductive wire group used for being in front contact with the solar cell is arranged at the lower end of the main body frame, all current copper conductive wires in the copper conductive wire group are electrically connected with the upper current bus copper wire for current collection and export, and all voltage copper conductive wires in the copper conductive wire group are electrically connected with the upper voltage bus copper wire for voltage collection and export;
the lower test bench comprises a test base, a lower current bus copper wire and a lower voltage bus copper wire, wherein a lower copper conducting bar group used for being in back contact with the solar cell is arranged on the test base, all current copper conducting bars in the lower copper conducting bar group are electrically connected with the lower current bus copper wire, and all voltage copper conducting bars in the lower copper conducting bar group are electrically connected with the lower voltage bus copper wire; each copper conducting bar in the lower copper conducting bar group is formed by a plurality of independent copper conducting bar segments which are arranged at intervals along a straight line;
the surface of the main body frame and the surface of the lifting device are covered with a layer of black low-reflectivity material, and the surface of the test base station is covered with a layer of black insulating low-reflectivity material.
The reflectivity of the low-reflectivity material is less than 5% in the wave band of 300nm-1200 nm.
The lower part of the main body frame is provided with two rows of support columns, the copper conductive wire groups are arranged at the bottoms of the support columns in parallel, and two ends of the copper conductive wire groups are connected with the main body frame.
The end part of the copper conductive wire group is provided with an expansion spring, the main body frame is provided with an insulating screw, and the expansion spring is connected with the insulating screw.
The copper conductive wire group comprises a plurality of copper conductive wires, namely current copper conductive wires for measuring current and voltage copper conductive wires for measuring voltage; the copper conductive wire adopts gold-plated or silver-plated copper conductive wires or pure copper conductive wires; the upper current bus copper wire is connected with a front electrode current port of the electrical property tester, and the upper voltage bus copper wire is connected with a front electrode voltage port of the electrical property tester.
The lower copper conducting strip group comprises a plurality of copper conducting strips, namely a current copper conducting strip for measuring current and a current copper conducting strip for measuring voltage; each copper conducting strip comprises a buried lower part and an outgoing upper part, wherein the buried lower part is buried in the test base, and the outgoing upper part is arranged on the surface of the test base; the embedded lower portions of the plurality of copper conductor segments are electrically connected.
The height of the upper part of the outer body is 0.05mm-0.3mm, preferably 0.05mm-0.2mm.
The test base is provided with adsorption holes which are arranged in gaps of the lower copper conducting bar group; the adsorption hole is connected with the vacuum tube through a vacuum adsorption structure.
The test base is provided with a belt groove, and the belt groove is connected with a belt transmission device through a belt.
The substrate of the test base station is arched upwards by 0.1-0.4 degrees along the arrangement direction of the copper conductive wire group.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a testing device for testing the electrical performance of a single-sided double-sided zero main grid/multi-main grid solar cell, which consists of an upper testing table and a lower testing table, wherein the upper testing table is used for measuring the front current and voltage of the solar cell through a copper conductive wire group for testing the front current and voltage of the solar cell to obtain the voltage and current parameters of the solar cell, and the voltage and the current parameters are respectively transmitted, collected and led out through an upper current collecting copper wire connected with all current copper conductive wires and an upper voltage collecting copper wire connected with all voltage copper conductive wires; measuring upper and lower copper conductive strip groups of the lower test bench to obtain voltage and current parameters of the solar battery, and respectively transmitting, collecting and guiding out the voltage and current parameters through lower current bus copper wires connected with all current copper conductive strips of the lower test bench and lower voltage bus copper wires connected with all voltage copper conductive strips of the lower test bench; compared with the conventional copper plate table top, the reflectivity of the copper plate table top is less than 5% in a long wave band, the reflectivity of the copper plate table top is more than 80% in the long wave band, the transmittance of the double-sided battery is more than 10% in the long wave band, when the efficiency of the battery is tested, light transmitted by the battery is reflected by the table top and then is absorbed into the battery to generate current, so that the short circuit current test is inaccurate. After matching and integrating with an automation system of the electrical performance tester, when the electrical performance of the battery piece is tested in actual operation, the battery piece is firstly conveyed to the center of the test board through a belt, then the lifting of the upper test board and the lower test board is controlled by the automation system to form good conductive contact with the battery piece, and the purpose of testing the electrical performance of the battery piece is achieved through testing of the solar simulator. The test board has low reflectivity, effectively reduces the influence of reflection of the table board on the reabsorption of the transmitted light of the double-sided battery, and improves the accuracy of efficiency test. Meanwhile, the problem of conductive contact between the front electrode and the back electrode of the double-sided battery is solved, and the feasibility of testing the electrical performance under the condition of mass production of the battery is solved through integration with an automatic device, so that the device is also applicable to single-sided batteries. The independent copper conductive strip segments are grown into a cuboid, wherein one independent segment is a back contact point for testing the voltage of the battery piece, and the rest independent segments are back contact points for testing the current of the battery piece.
Further, the current lines are collected and led out to be connected with the front electrode current port of the electrical property tester, and the voltage lines are collected and led out to be connected with the front electrode voltage port of the electrical property tester, so that the voltage and current signal values are read.
Further, the telescopic spring is used for adjusting the tension of the copper conductive wire, the length is 1cm-5cm, the tension is 10N-30N, one end of the telescopic spring is fixed with the copper conductive wire through an insulating joint, and the other end of the telescopic spring is connected with a screw capable of adjusting the tension of the spring.
Further, the lifting device is connected with a motor, and the lifting of the lifting device is controlled by an automatic system.
Further, there are two recesses in the middle part of the test base for placing a conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt transmits the solar cell to the test device for testing.
Further, the lower test table board is arched upwards by 0.1-0.4 degrees along the direction of the copper conductive wire of the upper test table board, so that the test table board can be better attached to the battery piece to be tested.
Further, the adsorption holes are used for adsorbing the tested solar cell, so that the electrical contact in the testing process is more stable, and the testing is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a testing apparatus for testing electrical performance of a single-sided double-sided zero-main-grid/multi-main-grid solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural plan view of a test apparatus for testing the electrical performance of a single-sided double-sided zero-main-grid/multi-main-grid solar cell in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a test apparatus for testing electrical performance of a single-sided double-sided zero-primary-grid/multi-primary-grid solar cell in an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lower test bench conductive copper strip of a test apparatus for testing electrical performance of a single-sided double-sided zero-main-grid/multi-main-grid solar cell in an embodiment;
wherein: the device comprises a 1-upper copper conductive wire group, a 2-telescopic spring, a 3-upper current bus copper wire, a 4-upper bus copper wire, a 5-insulating screw, a 6-main body frame, a 7-lifting device, an 8-test base, a 9-lower copper conductive strip group, a 10-adsorption hole, 11-Pi Daicao, a 12-lower current bus copper wire, a 13-lower voltage bus copper wire and a 14-vacuum air pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a testing device for testing electrical performance of a single-sided double-sided zero main grid/multi-main grid solar cell comprises an upper testing table and a lower testing table, wherein the upper testing table comprises a copper conductive wire group 1 for testing front current and voltage of the solar cell, a telescopic spring 2 for adjusting tension of the copper conductive wire, an upper current bus copper wire 3 for connecting all current copper conductive wires, an upper voltage bus copper wire 4 for connecting all voltage copper conductive wires, an insulating screw 5 for adjusting tension of the telescopic spring, a main body frame 6 and a lifting device 7 for connecting a motor. The lower test bench comprises a test base 8, a lower copper conducting strip group 9, a lower current bus copper wire 12, a lower voltage bus copper wire 13, an adsorption hole 10 and two belt grooves 11, wherein the test base 8 is made of a black insulating low-reflectivity material, the lower current bus copper wire 12 is connected with all current copper conducting strips of the lower test bench, the lower voltage bus copper wire 13 is connected with all voltage copper conducting strips of the lower test bench, and the two belt grooves 11 are formed in the middle of the base; the lower copper conductive bar group 9 includes a buried lower portion buried in the test base 8 and an outgoing upper portion in conductive contact with the back electrode of the battery; the adsorption holes 10 are communicated with a vacuum adsorption structure which is connected with a vacuum tube 14.
Compared with a conventional copper plate table top, the test device for testing the electrical performance of the single-sided double-sided zero-main grid/multi-main grid solar battery has the reflectivity of less than 5% in a long wave band, the reflectivity of the copper plate table top is more than 80% in the long wave band, the double-sided battery has the transmissivity of more than 10% in the long wave band, when the efficiency of the battery is tested, light transmitted by the battery can return to the battery to be absorbed by the battery after being reflected by the table top, so that short circuit current test is inaccurate. Meanwhile, the problem of conductive contact between the front electrode and the back electrode of the double-sided battery is solved, and the feasibility of testing the electrical performance under the condition of mass production of the battery is solved through integration with an automatic transmission device. After matching and integrating with an automation system of the electrical performance tester, when the electrical performance of the battery piece is tested in actual operation, the battery piece is firstly conveyed to the center of the test board through a belt, then the lifting of the upper test board and the lower test board is controlled by the automation system to form good conductive contact with the battery piece, and the purpose of testing the electrical performance of the battery piece is achieved through testing of the solar simulator.
In this embodiment, the copper conductive wire set 1 includes a plurality of copper conductive wires, the copper conductive wires are gold-plated or silver-plated copper conductive wires or pure copper conductive wires, 8-15 copper conductive wires are used, 1-5 copper conductive wires are used for testing voltage, the rest copper conductive wires are used for testing current, the diameter of the copper conductive wires is 0.1mm-0.8mm, the current wires are collected and led out to be connected with a front electrode current port of the electrical performance tester, and the voltage wires are collected and led out to be connected with a front electrode voltage port of the electrical performance tester.
In the embodiment, the length of the telescopic spring 2 is 1cm-5cm, the tensile force is 10N-30N, one end of the telescopic spring is fixed with the copper conductive wire through an insulating joint, and the other end of the telescopic spring is connected with the insulating screw 5 capable of adjusting the tensile force of the spring.
In this embodiment, the upper current-collecting copper wire 3 and the upper voltage-collecting copper wire 4 are made of copper wires with diameters of 1mm-3mm, and are wrapped with insulating materials, all copper conductive wires for testing current of the upper test bench are collected together and welded with the upper current-collecting copper wire 3, the other end of the upper voltage-collecting copper wire 4 is connected with a front electrode current port of the electrical performance tester, all copper conductive wires for testing voltage of the upper test bench are collected together and welded with the upper voltage-collecting copper wire 4, and the other end of the copper wire is connected with the front electrode voltage port of the electrical performance tester.
In this embodiment, the main body frame 6 and the lifting device 7 connected with the motor are all covered with a layer of black low-reflectivity material, the reflectivity is less than 5% in the wave band of 300nm-1200nm, and the lifting device is connected with the motor and controlled by the automation system.
In the embodiment, the lower test bench is a black test base 8 made of black insulating materials, the main body is made of black insulating materials with low reflectivity, the size is 160mm multiplied by 160mm, the reflectivity is less than 5% in a wave band of 300nm-1200nm, the lower test bench is fixed with the base through screws, two grooves are formed in the middle, the width is 1.5cm-2.5cm, the depth is 2mm-5mm, the lower test bench is used for placing a conveying belt, and the lower test bench is arched upwards by 0.1-0.4 degrees along the direction of the copper conductive wire of the upper test bench, so that the test bench can be attached to a battery piece to be tested better.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the lower copper conductive strip group 9 of the lower test bench includes an embedded lower portion and an outgoing upper portion, the embedded lower portion is embedded in the test base 8, the outgoing upper portion forms conductive contact with the back electrode of the double-sided battery, the width of the copper conductive strip is 1-3mm, the total number of copper conductive strips is 8-15, each copper conductive strip is divided into 6-12 independent segments, a growth cube, one of the independent segments is a back contact point of the voltage of the test battery, and the remaining independent segments are back contact points of the current of the test battery. The width of each independent segment of the copper conducting strip 9 is 0.5mm-2mm, preferably 0.8mm-1.5mm, the height of the outgoing upper part is 0.05mm-0.3mm, preferably 0.05mm-0.2mm, and the embedded lower part and the test base 8 form adhesion without looseness.
In this embodiment, the lower current bus copper wire 12 and the lower voltage bus copper wire 13 of all current-voltage copper wires are respectively connected to the lower test bench, the diameter of the copper wire is 1mm-3mm, the insulating material is wrapped outside, all the copper wires of the lower test bench for testing current are connected together and welded with the bus copper wire 12, the other end of the bus copper wire is connected with the back electrode current port of the electrical performance tester, all the copper wires of the lower test bench for testing voltage are connected together and welded with the lower voltage bus copper wire 13, and the other end of the bus copper wire is connected with the back electrode voltage port of the electrical performance tester.
In this embodiment, the adsorption holes 10 of the lower test bench are provided with n×n (n=5, 6,7,8, 9) adsorption holes 10 on the substrate, and the vacuum adsorption structure includes a vacuum air pipe 14, and the adsorption holes are all connected with the vacuum air pipe with a diameter of 0.5-1cm and connected with the vacuum pipe 14.
The application method of the device comprises the following steps: after matching and integrating with an automation system of the electrical performance tester, when the electrical performance of the battery piece is tested in actual operation, the battery piece is firstly conveyed to the center of the test board through a belt, then the lifting of the upper test board and the lower test board is controlled by the automation system to form good conductive contact with the battery piece, and the purpose of testing the electrical performance of the battery piece is achieved through testing of the solar simulator. The test board has low reflectivity, effectively reduces the influence of reflection of the table board on the reabsorption of the transmitted light of the double-sided battery, and improves the accuracy of efficiency test. Meanwhile, the problem of conductive contact between the front electrode and the back electrode of the double-sided battery is solved, and the feasibility of testing the electrical performance under the condition of mass production of the battery is solved through integration with an automatic device, so that the device is also applicable to single-sided batteries.
The protective scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but it is intended that the invention cover modifications and variations of this invention, provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, for those skilled in the art.