CN107897505B - Zymophyte liquid, product containing zymophyte liquid and used for nursing pigs, and preparation method and application of product - Google Patents

Zymophyte liquid, product containing zymophyte liquid and used for nursing pigs, and preparation method and application of product Download PDF

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CN107897505B
CN107897505B CN201711255743.3A CN201711255743A CN107897505B CN 107897505 B CN107897505 B CN 107897505B CN 201711255743 A CN201711255743 A CN 201711255743A CN 107897505 B CN107897505 B CN 107897505B
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fermented feed
fermented
feed
piglets
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CN107897505A (en
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陈建成
郑永祥
陈村年
邓文
刘俊美
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Henan Zhengben Qingyuan Technology Development Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
    • A23V2400/137—Delbrueckii
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a zymophyte liquid, a product containing the same and used for nursery pigs, and a preparation method and application of the product, and relates to the technical field of microorganism and feed processing. The fermented feed additive provided by the invention comprises the fermented bacterial liquid provided by the invention, and the digestibility of piglets on the feed can be obviously improved. The fermented feed provided by the invention comprises the fermented feed additive provided by the invention, so that the digestibility of the nursery pig on the feed can be obviously improved, the intestinal health of piglets is promoted, the immunity and disease resistance of the piglets are enhanced, the intestinal health of the piglets is effectively improved, the diarrhea rate of the piglets is reduced, and the breeding rate of the piglets is improved. And the final product does not contain antibiotics, is green and safe, is environment-friendly, and has important application prospect for safe production of animal products.

Description

Zymophyte liquid, product containing zymophyte liquid and used for nursing pigs, and preparation method and application of product
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microorganism and feed processing, in particular to a zymophyte liquid, a product containing the zymophyte liquid and used for nursing pigs, and a preparation method and application of the product.
Background
Piglets 10-30 kg weight after weaning are called nursery pigs. The growth and development of the nursery piglets are fast, the growth speed of the nursery piglets directly influences the fattening speed of the commercial pigs in the later period, the faster the growth speed in the early period is, the earlier the time for reaching the maximum daily gain in the later period is, and the larger the daily gain is. However, in the nursery stage of piglets, the immune system has not yet matured and is poorly resistant to pathogenic microorganisms; meanwhile, the change of the type and the structure of the daily ration easily causes the feed intake of the piglets to be reduced, the insufficient intake of nutrient substances of the piglets is caused, the metabolism and the immune disorder of the piglets and the disorder of intestinal flora are further stimulated, the allergic intestinal inflammation is easily caused, and the immunity of the piglets is further reduced. The nursing piglets are in the process of transforming from liquid breast milk to solid feed, and the digestive system of the piglets is gradually changed by amylase and trypsin which digest lactose, milk fat, milk protein into digestive starch and vegetable protein, and the activity of these digestive enzymes needs a period of time to be activated. Therefore, piglets in the nursery period have high requirements for feeding management and feed, and need to be carefully fed. Meanwhile, the correct composition, form and feeding mode of the daily ration can help the piglets to eat in advance without causing intestinal diseases.
As is well known, the active fermentation type microbial ecological feed is a biological fermentation feed which takes microorganisms and complex enzyme as biological feed starter strains and converts feed raw materials into microbial mycoprotein, bioactive small peptide amino acid, microbial active probiotics, complex enzyme preparation and the like. The feed additive has the characteristics of improving the palatability of the feed, improving the nutritional value of the feed, reducing the production cost and the like, can make up for the defects of easy shortage of amino acid, low conversion rate of raw material nutrients of coarse feed and the like in the conventional feed, and achieves the effect of enhancing the digestion, absorption and utilization of the feed. At present, the fermented feed used in the breeding production has various varieties and is mostly universal for livestock and poultry, the active quantity of strains has no unified standard, the quality is uneven, the use method and the application effect are different, and the farmers are seriously puzzled.
Therefore, a method for improving the health of nursery pigs is found from the aspect of developing fermented feed so as to improve the utilization rate of the feed, enhance the immunity of piglets and reduce the diarrhea rate of the piglets, and the method is a time-saving and labor-saving breeding method which not only accords with a large breeding environment, but also adapts to national policies.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a zymophyte liquid, the second purpose of the invention is to provide a fermented feed additive, and the third purpose of the invention is to provide a fermented feed, so as to relieve the technical problems that the varieties of the fermented feeds used in the breeding production in the prior art are various and are mostly universal for livestock and poultry, the active quantity of strains has no unified standard, the quality is different, the using method and the application effect are different, and the technical problems of farmers are seriously troubled.
The fourth purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the fermented feed additive, so as to alleviate the technical problems of complicated preparation method and difficulty in large-scale production of the fermented feed additive in the prior art.
The invention provides a zymophyte liquid, which mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of candida utilis, 1-5 parts of clostridium butyricum and 1-5 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii.
Further, the zymocyte liquid mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of candida utilis, 2-4 parts of clostridium butyricum and 2-4 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii.
Further, the zymocyte liquid mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of candida utilis, 3 parts of clostridium butyricum and 3 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii.
Further, the concentration of the candida utilis in the zymocyte liquid is 3.37-5.41 log CFU/mL; the concentration of clostridium butyricum is 4.66-5.87 log CFU/mL; the concentration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii is 4.01-5.36 log CFU/mL.
The invention also provides a fermented feed additive, which comprises the zymophyte liquid as defined in any one of claims 1-4.
Further, the fermented feed additive comprises a substrate and the fermented bacterial liquid of any one of claims 1 to 4;
wherein, the matrix mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400-600 parts of corn flour, 100-150 parts of wheat bran, 40-80 parts of soybean meal, 60-90 parts of molasses, 40-100 parts of peanut meal, 40-100 parts of rapeseed meal, 10-60 parts of wheat protein powder, 10-50 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 5-20 parts of air-exploded corn cob, 5-10 parts of xylo-oligosaccharide and 5-10 parts of salt; 3-15 parts of zymocyte liquid.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the fermented feed additive, which comprises the following steps:
and respectively preparing the matrix and the zymophyte liquid according to the formula amount, inoculating the prepared zymophyte liquid into the matrix, uniformly mixing, and fermenting to obtain the fermented feed additive.
The invention also provides a fermented feed which comprises the fermented feed additive, a basic feed and full-fat powder.
Furthermore, the addition amount of the fermented feed additive in the fermented feed is 4-6%.
In addition, the invention also provides application of the zymophyte liquid, the fermented feed additive or the fermented feed in preparing products for enhancing the immunity of piglets and/or reducing the diarrhea rate of the piglets.
The zymophyte liquid provided by the invention comprises candida utilis, clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus delbrueckii, various beneficial bacteria are combined together by compounding the excellent strains, respective functions are fully exerted, the growth and the propagation of a large amount of mixed bacteria and harmful bacteria contained in a feeding system and feed raw materials can be effectively inhibited, and the good fermentation of fermented feed is ensured. The fermented feed additive provided by the invention comprises the fermented bacterial liquid provided by the invention, and the digestion and absorption rate of piglets on the feed can be obviously improved through reasonable matching of the fermented bacterial liquid and the matrix. The fermented feed provided by the invention comprises the fermented feed additive, and by controlling the reasonable proportion and components of the fermented feed additive and the basic feed, the fermented feed additive has the advantages of improving the palatability of the feed, improving the nutritional value of the feed, lowering the production cost and fully utilizing various feed raw materials, can obviously improve the digestibility of nursery pigs to the feed, simultaneously promotes the intestinal health of piglets, enhances the immunity and disease resistance of the piglets, effectively improves the intestinal health of the piglets, and reduces the diarrhea rate of the piglets, thereby improving the breeding rate of the piglets. And the final product does not contain antibiotics, is green and safe, is environment-friendly, and has important application prospect for safe production of animal products.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Aiming at overcoming the technical defects of the prior product and aiming at the nutritional and physiological characteristics of weak physique of the nursery pig, the invention provides the special fermented feed with high food calling and palatability for the nursery pig, and details on the selection of strains and fermentation substrate raw materials, preparation, quality index standards, use methods, matched feeding management standard specifications and the like are set forth so as to achieve the purpose of feeding the nursery pig by using the fermented feed. The fermented product can effectively degrade anti-nutritional factors such as antigen protein and a large amount of cellulose in the raw materials, so that the effective components of the feed are improved, the intestinal health of weaned piglets is protected, the digestibility of the feed is improved, the pollution to the culture environment is reduced, and the like.
The invention provides a zymophyte liquid which mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of candida utilis, 1-5 parts of clostridium butyricum and 1-5 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii.
The strain is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center, and the preservation numbers are respectively as follows: candida utilis (CGMCC number 2.1056), Clostridium butyricum (CGMCC number 1.336) and Lactobacillus delbrueckii (CGMCC No. 1.139).
Among them, the candida utilis may be, for example, but not limited to, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts; clostridium butyricum can be, for example, but not limited to, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, or 5 parts; the lactobacillus delbrueckii strain may be, for example, but not limited to, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, or 5 parts.
In a preferred embodiment, the zymocyte liquid mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of candida utilis, 3 parts of clostridium butyricum and 3 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii.
In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of Candida utilis in the fermentation broth is from 3.37 to 5.41 log CFU/mL; the concentration of clostridium butyricum is 4.66-5.87 log CFU/mL; the concentration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii is 4.01-5.36 log CFU/mL.
In a more preferred embodiment, the concentration of Candida utilis in the fermentation broth is 4.39 log CFU/mL; the concentration of clostridium butyricum is 5.27 log CFU/mL; the concentration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii was 4.69 log CFU/mL.
The zymophyte liquid provided by the invention combines various beneficial bacteria together by compounding the excellent strains, fully exerts respective functions, can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of a large amount of mixed bacteria and harmful bacteria contained in a feeding system and feed raw materials, and ensures good fermentation of fermented feed.
The invention also provides a fermented feed additive which comprises the fermented bacterial liquid.
In a preferred embodiment, the fermented feed additive comprises a substrate and the above-mentioned fermented bacterial liquid;
the matrix mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400-600 parts of corn flour, 100-150 parts of wheat bran, 40-80 parts of soybean meal, 60-90 parts of molasses, 40-100 parts of peanut meal, 40-100 parts of rapeseed meal, 10-60 parts of wheat protein powder, 10-50 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 5-20 parts of air-exploded corn cob, 5-10 parts of xylo-oligosaccharide and 5-10 parts of salt; 3-15 parts of zymocyte liquid.
Wherein, the corn flour can be, but is not limited to, 400, 450, 500, 550 or 600 parts; wheat bran may be, for example, but not limited to, 100 parts, 110 parts, 120 parts, 130 parts, 140 parts, or 150 parts; the soybean meal can be, for example, but not limited to, 40 parts, 50 parts, 60 parts, 70 parts, 80 parts, 90 parts, or 100 parts; molasses may be, for example, but is not limited to, 60 parts, 70 parts, 80 parts, or 90 parts; the peanut meal can be, for example, but is not limited to, 40 parts, 50 parts, 60 parts, 70 parts, 80 parts, 90 parts, or 100 parts; the rapeseed meal may be, for example, but not limited to, 40 parts, 50 parts, 60 parts, 70 parts, 80 parts, 90 parts, or 100 parts; the wheat protein powder may be, for example, but not limited to, 10 parts, 20 parts, 30 parts, 40 parts, 50 parts, or 60 parts; the soy protein concentrate may be, for example, but is not limited to, 10 parts, 20 parts, 30 parts, 40 parts, or 50 parts; the air-exploded corncob may be, for example, but not limited to, 5 parts, 10 parts, 15 parts, or 20 parts; the xylo-oligosaccharide may be, for example, but not limited to, 5 parts, 10 parts, 15 parts, or 20 parts; the common salt may be, but not limited to, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts.
In a more preferred embodiment, the fermented feed additive comprises a substrate and a fermented bacterial liquid as described above;
the matrix mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 500 parts of corn flour, 130 parts of wheat bran, 70 parts of soybean meal, 70 parts of molasses, 70 parts of peanut meal, 70 parts of rapeseed meal, 40 parts of wheat protein powder, 30 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 10 parts of air-exploded corn cob, 10 parts of xylo-oligosaccharide and 8 parts of salt; the zymophyte liquid is 9 parts by weight.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the fermented feed additive, which comprises the following steps:
respectively preparing a substrate and a zymophyte liquid according to the formula amount, inoculating the prepared zymophyte liquid into the substrate, uniformly mixing, and fermenting to obtain the fermented feed additive.
Wherein, the fermentation method comprises the following steps: inoculating the zymophyte liquid into the matrix, and uniformly mixing, wherein the inoculation amount of the zymophyte liquid in the matrix is 4-6% (v/w); the material-water ratio is 1: 1-1: 0.4 according to the weight-volume ratio; the temperature is 35-40 ℃; the fermentation time is 90-120 h.
The fermented feed additive provided by the invention is simple in preparation process, simple and convenient in operation because fermentation process and fermentation process parameters are tested and optimized, and is easy to operate by various farmers and feed production enterprises.
The invention also provides a fermented feed which comprises the fermented feed additive, a basic feed and full-fat powder.
Wherein, the basic feed provides 10000 IU of vitamin A, 31500 IU of vitamin D, 35 IU of vitamin E, 34.0 mg of vitamin K, 11.5 mg of vitamin B, 23.6 mg of vitamin B, 61.5 mg of vitamin B, 16.2 mg of calcium pantothenate, 0.13mg of biotin, 35 mg of nicotinic acid, 0.78 mg of folic acid, 120.04 mg of vitamin B, 160 mg of Fe, 80 mg of Cu, 130 mg of Zn, 100 mg of Mn, 0.3 mg of I and 0.3 mg of Se for each kilogram of daily ration.
In a preferred embodiment, the fermented feed additive is added to the fermented feed in an amount of 4-6%.
The amount of the fermented feed additive added may be, but is not limited to, 4%, 5%, or 6%.
In the invention, the addition amount of the fermented feed additive refers to the percentage content of the mass of the fermented feed additive in the mass of the fermented feed.
In addition, the invention also provides application of the zymophyte liquid, the fermented feed additive or the fermented feed in preparing products for enhancing the immunity of piglets and/or reducing the diarrhea rate of the piglets.
The clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus delbrueckii in the composite bacteria are excellent strains suitable for solid-state fermented feed, can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of a large amount of mixed bacteria and harmful bacteria contained in a feeding system and feed raw materials, and ensure the good fermentation of the fermented solid-state feed. The growth of the candida utilis can decompose and utilize carbohydrate to synthesize microbial protein, the protein level of the fermented feed is greatly improved, and a large amount of yeast glucan generated by fermentation has the effects of enhancing individual immunocompetence, repairing cells and improving intestinal functions. Xylo-oligosaccharide added in the substrate can not be utilized by harmful microorganisms, but can provide nutrition for beneficial bacteria, promote proliferation and simultaneously has the function of enhancing the immune function of organisms.
Most harmful microorganisms in the intestinal tract are aerobic microorganisms, clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus delbrueckii used in the invention are anaerobic microorganisms, and candida utilis is an oxygen consuming microorganism, so that oxygen in the intestinal tract can be rapidly exhausted, and favorable conditions are created for the growth of beneficial microorganisms.
Therefore, the feed disclosed by the invention combines various beneficial bacteria together, fully exerts respective functions, can obviously improve the digestibility of the nursery pigs to the feed, simultaneously promotes the intestinal health of piglets, enhances the immunity and disease resistance of the piglets, effectively improves the intestinal health of the piglets, reduces the diarrhea rate of the piglets, and further improves the breeding rate of the piglets. The preparation process of the fermented feed is simple, the fermentation process and the fermentation process parameters are tested and optimized by the applicant, and the fermented feed is simple and convenient and is easy to operate by various farmers and feed production enterprises. The preparation process of the composite bacteria antibiotic-free fermented feed and the final product of the invention have no antibiotic, are green and safe and are environment-friendly.
In order to facilitate a further understanding of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments.
Preparation of zymocyte liquid
1) The preparation method of the candida utilis seed liquid comprises the following steps: inoculating the well activated candida utilis strain into a culture medium (30 g/L of peptone, 60 g/L of cane sugar, 2 g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.5 g/L of magnesium sulfate and 1 g/L of ammonium sulfate) which is optimized in advance, adjusting the pH value to be 5.5, culturing in a constant-temperature shaking table at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 24 hours, and obtaining the standby candida utilis seed solution with the rotating speed of the shaking table of 122 rpm.
2) The preparation method of the clostridium butyricum seed liquid comprises the following steps: inoculating the activated clostridium strain into 200 mL of a preset RCM (clostridium multiplication medium component: 3 g/L of yeast extract, 10 g/L of beef extract, 10 g/L of tryptone, 5 g/L of glucose, 1 g/L of soluble starch, 5 g/L of sodium chloride, 3 g/L of sodium acetate trihydrate, 0.15 g/L of cysteine hydrochloride and 1L of water) medium, adjusting the pH value to be 7.3, and culturing for 18 h in a constant temperature shaking table at 37 ℃, wherein the rotating speed of the shaking table is 220 rpm, thus obtaining the spare clostridium butyricum seed liquid.
3) The preparation method of the lactobacillus delbrueckii seed liquid comprises the following steps: inoculating the activated Bifidobacterium iniae strain to a culture medium (20 g/L glucose, 10 g/L peptone, 10 g/L beef extract, 5 g/L yeast extract, 2 g/L dipotassium phosphate, 5 g/L anhydrous sodium acetate, 2 g/L triammonium citrate, 0.58 g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.25 g/L manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, 801 mL Tween and 1000 mL distilled water) filled with MSR, adjusting the pH value to 6.2, culturing for 24 h in a constant temperature shaking table at 37 ℃, and adjusting the rotating speed of the shaking table to 220 rpm to obtain the standby Lactobacillus delbrueckii seed liquid.
And (3) mixing the prepared seed solution by weight parts of candida utilis seed solution, 3 parts of clostridium butyricum seed solution and 3 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii seed solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain the zymogen liquid. Wherein the concentration of the candida utilis is 3.37-5.41 log CFU/mL; the concentration of clostridium butyricum is 4.66-5.87 log CFU/mL; the concentration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii is 4.01-5.36 log CFU/mL.
Fermented feed additive and preparation of fermented feed
Example 1
1) Preparing a zymophyte liquid: taking the prepared microbial seed solutions, and uniformly mixing according to 30 ml of clostridium butyricum solution, 30 ml of lactobacillus delbrueckii solution and 30 ml of candida utilis solution, and the total volume is 90 ml.
2) The matrix composition is as follows: 500 g of corn flour, 130 g of bran, 70 g of molasses, 70 g of bean pulp, 70 g of rapeseed meal, 70 g of peanut meal, 40 g of wheat protein powder, 30 g of soybean protein concentrate, 10 g of air-exploded corn cob, 10 g of xylo-oligosaccharide and 8 g of salt, and all the raw materials are mixed and stirred uniformly.
3) Inoculating 90 ml of the zymocyte liquid into a matrix, adding 600 ml of water, and uniformly mixing; placing in a sterile closed fermentation tank, and fermenting at 37 deg.C; the fermentation time is 100 h. Determining the concentration of the candida utilis in the fermentation material to be 4.39 log CFU/mL; the concentration of clostridium butyricum is 5.27 log CFU/mL; the concentration of the lactobacillus delbrueckii is 4.69 log CFU/mL, and the content of soluble protein reaches 13.97%.
4) After fermentation is finished, the fermented feed is dried and crushed in the air in a natural state, 5% of the fermented feed is added into a preset sow feed to be used as a feed raw material, complete feed is prepared, and the fermented feed is uniformly mixed to obtain the fermented feed special for the lactating sows.
Example 2
1) Preparing a zymophyte liquid: taking the prepared microbial seed liquid, and uniformly mixing according to 10 ml of clostridium butyricum liquid, 50 ml of lactobacillus delbrueckii liquid and 10 ml of candida utilis liquid, and accounting for 70 ml.
2) The matrix composition is as follows: 400 g of corn flour, 150 g of bran, 60 g of molasses, 80 g of bean pulp, 40 g of rapeseed meal, 100 g of peanut meal, 10 g of wheat protein powder, 50 g of soybean protein concentrate, 5 g of air-exploded corn cob, 10 g of xylo-oligosaccharide and 5 g of salt, and all the raw materials are mixed and stirred uniformly.
3) Inoculating 70 ml of the zymocyte liquid into a matrix, adding 600 ml of water, and uniformly mixing; placing in a sterile closed fermentation tank, and fermenting at 37 deg.C; the fermentation time is 100 h.
Example 3
1) Preparing a zymophyte liquid: taking the prepared microbial seed liquid, and uniformly mixing according to the total volume of 50 ml of clostridium butyricum liquid, 10 ml of lactobacillus delbrueckii liquid and 50 ml of candida utilis liquid which are 110 ml.
2) The matrix composition is as follows: 600 g of corn flour, 100 g of bran, 90 g of molasses, 40 g of bean pulp, 100 g of rapeseed meal, 40 g of peanut meal, 60 g of wheat protein powder, 10 g of soybean protein concentrate, 20 g of air-exploded corn cob, 5 g of xylo-oligosaccharide and 10 g of salt, and all the raw materials are mixed and stirred uniformly.
3) Inoculating 110 ml of the zymocyte liquid into a matrix, adding 600 ml of water, and uniformly mixing; placing in a sterile closed fermentation tank, and fermenting at 37 deg.C; the fermentation time is 100 h.
Comparative example 1
1) Preparing a zymophyte liquid: and (3) taking the prepared microbial seed liquid, and uniformly mixing according to 30 ml of lactobacillus delbrueckii bacterial liquid and 30 ml of candida utilis bacterial liquid, wherein the total volume is 60 ml.
2) The matrix composition is as follows: 500 g of corn flour, 130 g of bran, 70 g of molasses, 70 g of bean pulp, 70 g of rapeseed meal, 70 g of peanut meal, 40 g of wheat protein powder, 30 g of soybean protein concentrate, 10 g of air-exploded corn cob, 10 g of xylo-oligosaccharide and 8 g of salt, and all the raw materials are mixed and stirred uniformly.
3) Inoculating 60 ml of the zymocyte liquid into a matrix, adding 600 ml of water, and uniformly mixing; placing in a sterile closed fermentation tank, and fermenting at 37 deg.C; the fermentation time is 100 h.
4) After fermentation is finished, the fermented feed is dried and crushed in the air in a natural state, 5% of the fermented feed is added into a preset sow feed to be used as a feed raw material, complete feed is prepared, and the fermented feed is uniformly mixed to obtain the fermented feed special for the lactating sows.
Comparative example 2
1) Preparing a zymophyte liquid: and (3) uniformly mixing the prepared microbial seed solutions according to 60 ml of clostridium butyricum solution, 5 ml of lactobacillus delbrueckii solution and 55 ml of candida utilis solution.
2) The matrix composition is as follows: 500 g of corn flour, 130 g of bran, 70 g of molasses, 70 g of bean pulp, 70 g of rapeseed meal, 70 g of peanut meal, 40 g of wheat protein powder, 30 g of soybean protein concentrate, 10 g of air-exploded corn cob, 10 g of xylo-oligosaccharide and 8 g of salt, and all the raw materials are mixed and stirred uniformly.
3) Inoculating the zymocyte liquid into a matrix, adding 600 ml of water, and uniformly mixing; placing in a sterile closed fermentation tank, and fermenting at 37 deg.C; the fermentation time is 100 h.
4) After fermentation is finished, the fermented feed is dried and crushed in the air in a natural state, 5% of the fermented feed is added into a preset sow feed to be used as a feed raw material, complete feed is prepared, and the fermented feed is uniformly mixed to obtain the fermented feed special for the lactating sows.
Comparative example 3
1) Preparing a zymophyte liquid: taking the prepared microbial seed solutions, and uniformly mixing according to 30 ml of clostridium butyricum solution, 30 ml of lactobacillus delbrueckii solution and 30 ml of candida utilis solution, and the total volume is 90 ml.
2) The matrix composition is as follows: 300 g of corn flour, 180 g of bran, 40 g of molasses, 90 g of bean pulp, 30 g of rapeseed meal, 120 g of peanut meal, 90 g of wheat protein powder, 5 g of soybean protein concentrate, 30 g of air-exploded corn cob, 2 g of xylo-oligosaccharide and 15 g of salt, and all the raw materials are mixed and stirred uniformly.
3) Inoculating the zymocyte liquid into a matrix, adding 600 ml of water, and uniformly mixing; placing in a sterile closed fermentation tank, and fermenting at 37 deg.C; the fermentation time is 100 h.
4) After fermentation is finished, the fermented feed is dried and crushed in the air in a natural state, 5% of the fermented feed is added into a preset sow feed to be used as a feed raw material, complete feed is prepared, and the fermented feed is uniformly mixed to obtain the fermented feed special for the lactating sows.
To further illustrate the beneficial effects of the fermented feed additive provided by the present invention in basal feed applications, the following tests were performed:
experimental example 1
240 healthy and large lactating sows (weaned at 28-day old) with similar body conditions, fetal times, body weight and expected delivery period are selected in a Henan Crane wall pig farm, and are randomly divided into 8 groups, each group is divided into 3 groups, 10 sows are divided, wherein 7 groups are test groups, the fermented feeds of the groups of the examples 1-3 (S1-3) and the comparative examples 1-3 (D1-3) are respectively fed, and the rest groups are control groups and are fed with base feeds with equivalent energy and protein. The practical feeding effect of the high-energy lactating sow fermented feed is researched, the constipation condition of the sow is recorded before parturition, and the litter size and the live litter size of the sow are recorded after parturition. The balance is settled every 5 days during the test period, and the daily average feed intake of each sow is calculated. And (4) weaning the piglets for 21 days, recording the diarrhea number of the piglets, and calculating the diarrhea rate of the piglets. The data obtained at the end of the test are as follows:
TABLE 1 fermented feed additive lactating sow compound feed
Figure 705922DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Wherein, the premix provides 10000 IU of vitamin A, 31500 IU of vitamin D, 35 IU of vitamin E, 34.0 mg of vitamin K, 11.5 mg of vitamin B, 23.6 mg of vitamin B, 61.5 mg of vitamin B, 16.2 mg of calcium pantothenate, 0.13mg of biotin, 35 mg of nicotinic acid, 0.78 mg of folic acid, 120.04 mg of vitamin B, 160 mg of Fe, 80 mg of Cu, 130 mg of Zn, 100 mg of Mn, 0.3 mg of I and 0.3 mg of Se per kilogram of daily ration.
TABLE 2 nutrient composition and pH of the fermented feeds of each group
Figure 288082DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Note: the difference of lower case letters in the same row represents significant difference (P＜0.05）。
As can be seen from the results of table 2, the fermented feeds provided in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention have higher contents of each nutrient component than the fermented feeds provided in the control group and comparative examples 1 to 3 of the present invention, wherein the fermented feed provided in example 1 of the present invention has the highest content of each nutrient component. The fermented feed provided by the invention has the advantages of rich and comprehensive nutrition by reasonably matching the raw materials, and the content of the nutrient components of the fermented feed prepared by the fermented feed is reduced by changing the content of the raw materials or deleting any raw material.
Experimental example 2
The influence of the fermented feed on the diarrhea rate of the nursery pigs is detected, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of fermented feed on diarrhea Rate (%)
Figure 102455DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Note: the difference of lower case letters in the same row represents significant difference (P＜0.05）。
The above test data show that: the experimental observation on the diarrhea rate of the piglets shows that the fermented feed provided by the invention obviously reduces the diarrhea rate of the piglets in three stages, namely 21-35, 35-50 and 50-64. The comparative example group was not significantly changed from the control group.
Experimental example 3
The effect of the fermented feed on the growth index of the 42-day-old nursery pigs was examined, and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 Effect of feeding fermented feed on growth index of 42-day-old nursery pigs
Figure 862600DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Note: the difference of lower case letters in the same row represents significant difference (P＜0.05）。
The above test data show that: experimental research shows that the fermented feed obviously increases the daily gain of piglets at the age of 28-70 days, and the feed efficiency is obviously increased.
In conclusion, the fermented feed additive provided by the invention can obviously improve the digestibility of piglets on the feed through the reasonable matching of the zymophyte liquid and the matrix. The fermented feed provided by the invention has the advantages of improving the palatability of the feed, improving the nutritional value of the feed, lowering the production cost and fully utilizing various feed raw materials by controlling the reasonable proportion and components of the fermented feed additive and the basic feed, can obviously improve the digestibility of nursery pigs to the feed, simultaneously promotes the intestinal health of piglets, enhances the immunity and disease resistance of the piglets, effectively improves the intestinal health of the piglets, and reduces the diarrhea rate of the piglets, thereby improving the breeding rate of the piglets. And the final product does not contain antibiotics, is green and safe, is environment-friendly, and has important application prospect for safe production of animal products.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A fermented feed additive is characterized in that the raw materials of the fermented feed additive consist of a substrate and a zymophyte liquid;
the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400-600 parts of corn flour, 100-150 parts of wheat bran, 40-80 parts of soybean meal, 60-90 parts of molasses, 40-100 parts of peanut meal, 40-100 parts of rapeseed meal, 10-60 parts of wheat protein powder, 10-50 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 5-20 parts of air-exploded corn cob, 5-10 parts of xylo-oligosaccharide and 5-10 parts of salt; 3-15 parts of zymocyte liquid by weight;
the zymophyte liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of candida utilis, 1-5 parts of clostridium butyricum and 1-5 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii;
the concentration of the candida utilis in the zymophyte liquid is 3.37-5.41 log CFU/mL; the concentration of clostridium butyricum is 4.66-5.87 log CFU/mL; the concentration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii is 4.01-5.36 log CFU/mL.
2. The fermented feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the fermented bacterial liquid comprises, in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of candida utilis, 2-4 parts of clostridium butyricum and 2-4 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii.
3. The fermented feed additive according to claim 2, wherein the fermented bacterial liquid comprises, in parts by weight: 3 parts of candida utilis, 3 parts of clostridium butyricum and 3 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii.
4. A method of preparing a fermented feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method of preparation comprises:
and respectively preparing the matrix and the zymophyte liquid according to the formula amount, inoculating the prepared zymophyte liquid into the matrix, uniformly mixing, and fermenting to obtain the fermented feed additive.
5. A fermented feed, characterized in that it comprises a fermented feed additive according to any one of claims 1-3 and a basal feed.
6. The fermented feed according to claim 5, wherein the fermented feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is added in an amount of 4 to 6%.
7. Use of a fermented feed additive according to any one of claims 1-3 or a fermented feed according to claim 5 or 6 for the preparation of a product for enhancing the immunity and/or reducing the diarrhea rate of piglets.
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