CN107897063A - 一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法 - Google Patents
一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107897063A CN107897063A CN201711415255.4A CN201711415255A CN107897063A CN 107897063 A CN107897063 A CN 107897063A CN 201711415255 A CN201711415255 A CN 201711415255A CN 107897063 A CN107897063 A CN 107897063A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- crab
- bighead
- pool
- seedling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- RAFZYSUICBQABU-HMMYKYKNSA-N Phytal Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCC\C(C)=C\C=O RAFZYSUICBQABU-HMMYKYKNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RAFZYSUICBQABU-QYLFUYDXSA-N Phytal Natural products CC(C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCC\C(C)=C/C=O RAFZYSUICBQABU-QYLFUYDXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RAFZYSUICBQABU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phytenal Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)=CC=O RAFZYSUICBQABU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- UZVHFVZFNXBMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butalbital Chemical compound CC(C)CC1(CC=C)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O UZVHFVZFNXBMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 10
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000726221 Gemma Species 0.000 claims description 5
- FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical compound N1CCCC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000755266 Kathetostoma giganteum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011266 Passiflora quadrangularis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000179684 Passiflora quadrangularis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 2
- 241001037822 Bacillus bacterium Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003097 mucus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,其包括:水塘的选择、水塘的设施建造、水塘的消毒、优化水质与肥水、螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的选择、螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的消毒、合理养殖密度、日常管理、饲料喂食、水质管理、成品捕捞。本发明提供一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,浅水区养殖螃蟹,深水区养殖鳙鱼,能实现对养殖种类、总量、规格的有效控制,能够改善养殖池环境,减少病害的发生,提高成活率和产量,降低养殖成本,增加养殖的经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农业领域,具体涉及一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法。
背景技术
随着养殖规模的扩大和消费水平的提高,水产养殖业已由单纯追求产量的提高和数量的增加向着注重提升效益和质量的方向转变,养殖形式也正在由劳动密集型向着技术型和知识型方向转变,技术上不到位,普遍存在着以下问题:一是因鱼类品种和数量上的配比不合理造成不同鱼种间争食、互残,增加自然淘汰和死亡率,上市商品鱼折扣大;二是因生产周期不能有效控制而造成商品鱼上市规格不齐。如何在有限的养殖水面里最大限度的提高单位面积产出率和渔业经济效益,是一个值得引起重视和需要研究的一项重要课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种经济效益好的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法。
为了实现上述的目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:
一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,其包括:水塘的选择、水塘的设施建造、水塘的消毒、优化水质与肥水、螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的选择、螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的消毒、合理养殖密度、日常管理、饲料喂食、水质管理、成品捕捞。
所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的水塘的选择:选择长方形、东西走向的水塘,水塘位于光照充足,水源近,水量充足、水质清新,溶氧量高,环境安静、没有污染,注排水方便、交通便利、微碱性的地方。
所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的水塘的设施建造:先清除水塘底部的淤泥,铺设8-10cm厚的沙砾土壤,周边的浅水区与中间的深水去采用栅网隔开,栅网孔隙为40-60目,浅水区平均池深1m,水深0.5-0.6m,深水区平均池深3.2m,水深2.5-3m;水塘建有注水口、排水口、微孔管增氧设施,注水口和排水口上设有60目的过滤筛网;四周设有竹片和网纱围起的防逃墙,池底投放石块、瓦片和竹制笼子作为遮蔽物,以供螃蟹和鳙鱼隐避栖息。
所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的水塘的消毒:排干水塘水,暴晒10-15d,注入水至深水区水深1m,浅水区水深0.3m每亩洒生石灰85-100kg清塘消毒,洒生石灰一周后,注入水至深水区2-3m,浅水区0.5-0.6m,再以1瓶两亩的用量喷洒特力灭继续进行消毒。
所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的优化水质与肥水:消毒5-7d后,水塘内放养水草,水草覆盖面为水塘面积的0.3-0.5;每亩水面施洒180-200kg的发酵粪肥,2d后的清晨,每亩再施用生物肥水素5-6kg,稀释100倍后喷洒全池,培育水质和培育浮游生物。
所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的选择:选择蟹壳较硬,甲壳完整、爬行活跃、规格整齐、壳色较黄、肢体健全、体质健壮、无病无伤的螃蟹苗;选择检疫检验合格,外观体形正常,鳍条、鳞被完整,体表光滑有黏液,色泽正常,游动活泼,畸形率小于1%,带病率小于1%,损伤率小于1%的鳙鱼苗。
所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的消毒:螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗均投放前采用3-5%的食盐水浸泡5-20min,食盐水需要现配现用,水温控制和养殖池塘的温度一致。
所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的合理养殖密度:在4月初至5月初,晴天的清晨或傍晚进行投放,将螃蟹苗放在岸上,让其慢慢爬入水中;螃蟹苗规格为200-240只/kg,放养密度一般为每亩5-7.5kg;在当年捕捞结束至翌年的3月进行放养鳙鱼苗,鳙鱼苗规格每尾50-100g,每亩1800-2200尾。
所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的日常管理:每天巡视水塘1次,观察塘水水色、水位变化及螃蟹和鳙鱼摄食活动情况,有无发病情况,检查栏栅设施是否完好,发现情况及时处理,每周清除1次池边漂浮物、腐败物等杂物,每天开启增氧机2小时,每隔10-15d注水换水一次,每次18-20cm,每20d施洒生石灰调水一次,每次每亩14-15kg,螃蟹蜕壳期间不能换水,雨期密切注意水位上涨,及时加固栏栅撑物,捞取漂浮水草,做好生产档案记录。
所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的饲料喂食:螃蟹放养10d后,每日早晚定时定点投喂,日投饲率占螃蟹总重量的5-10%;鳙鱼苗放养3天后开始投食,每天投喂饵料3-4次,日投饲率占鳙鱼总重量的5-6%。
所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的水质管理:每半月测定水体氨氮和亚硝酸盐的变化,氨氮呈上升趋势时使用光合细菌调水,光合细菌剂的活菌数≥3×108cfu/g(mL),初次使用1000g(mL)/亩·米,以后减半,间隔15-20d使用一次,使水体中氨氮的含量低于0.2mg/L;亚硝酸盐呈上升趋势时,选用芽孢杆菌调水,芽孢杆菌菌剂菌体数量≥1×108cfu/g,芽孢率≥80%,使用量100-200g/亩,使养殖水体亚硝酸盐含量低于0.1mg/L;水体中氨氮和亚硝酸盐无明显变化,则15-20d定期使用光合细菌菌剂,控制水塘透明度30-50cm。
所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的成品捕捞:在9月中旬至10月初全部捕出,以快速抽干池水,干塘捡蟹的方式捕捞螃蟹;当鳙鱼体重达到2kg以上就可以进行捕捞。
通过上述的技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其包括:水塘的选择、水塘的设施建造、水塘的消毒、优化水质与肥水、螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的选择、螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的消毒、合理养殖密度、日常管理、饲料喂食、水质管理、成品捕捞。本发明提供一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,浅水区养殖螃蟹,深水区养殖鳙鱼,能实现对养殖种类、总量、规格的有效控制,能够改善养殖池环境,减少病害的发生,提高成活率和产量,降低养殖成本,增加养殖的经济效益。
具体实施方式
本实施例的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,所述的水塘的选择:选择长方形、东西走向的水塘,水塘位于光照充足,水源近,水量充足、水质清新,溶氧量高,环境安静、没有污染,注排水方便、交通便利、微碱性的地方。
本实施例的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,所述的水塘的设施建造:先清除水塘底部的淤泥,铺设10cm厚的沙砾土壤,周边的浅水区与中间的深水去采用栅网隔开,栅网孔隙为40目,浅水区平均池深1m,水深0.5m,深水区平均池深3.2m,水深2.5m;水塘建有注水口、排水口、微孔管增氧设施,注水口和排水口上设有60目的过滤筛网;四周设有竹片和网纱围起的防逃墙,池底投放石块、瓦片和竹制笼子作为遮蔽物,以供螃蟹和鳙鱼隐避栖息。
本实施例的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,所述的水塘的消毒:排干水塘水,暴晒10d,注入水至深水区水深1m,浅水区水深0.3m每亩洒生石灰100kg清塘消毒,洒生石灰一周后,注入水至深水区2.5m,浅水区0.5m,再以1瓶两亩的用量喷洒特力灭继续进行消毒。
本实施例的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,所述的优化水质与肥水:消毒7d后,水塘内放养水草,水草覆盖面为水塘面积的0.4;每亩水面施洒200kg的发酵粪肥,2d后的清晨,每亩再施用生物肥水素6kg,稀释100倍后喷洒全池,培育水质和培育浮游生物。
本实施例的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,所述的螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的选择:选择蟹壳较硬,甲壳完整、爬行活跃、规格整齐、壳色较黄、肢体健全、体质健壮、无病无伤的螃蟹苗;选择检疫检验合格,外观体形正常,鳍条、鳞被完整,体表光滑有黏液,色泽正常,游动活泼,畸形率小于1%,带病率小于1%,损伤率小于1%的鳙鱼苗。
本实施例的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,所述的螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的消毒:螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗均投放前采用3%的食盐水浸泡15min,食盐水需要现配现用,水温控制和养殖池塘的温度一致。
本实施例的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,所述的合理养殖密度:在4月初至5月初,晴天的清晨或傍晚进行投放,将螃蟹苗放在岸上,让其慢慢爬入水中;螃蟹苗规格为240只/kg,放养密度一般为每亩6kg;在当年捕捞结束至翌年的3月进行放养鳙鱼苗,鳙鱼苗规格每尾80g,每亩1800尾。
本实施例的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,所述的日常管理:每天巡视水塘1次,观察塘水水色、水位变化及螃蟹和鳙鱼摄食活动情况,有无发病情况,检查栏栅设施是否完好,发现情况及时处理,每周清除1次池边漂浮物、腐败物等杂物,每天开启增氧机2小时,每隔15d注水换水一次,每次20cm,每20d施洒生石灰调水一次,每次每15kg,螃蟹蜕壳期间不能换水,雨期密切注意水位上涨,及时加固栏栅撑物,捞取漂浮水草,做好生产档案记录。
本实施例的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,所述的饲料喂食:螃蟹放养10d后,每日早晚定时定点投喂,日投饲率占螃蟹总重量的8%;鳙鱼苗放养3天后开始投食,每天投喂饵料4次,日投饲率占鳙鱼总重量的6%。
本实施例的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,所述的水质管理:每半月测定水体氨氮和亚硝酸盐的变化,氨氮呈上升趋势时使用光合细菌调水,光合细菌剂的活菌数≥3×108cfu/g(mL),初次使用1000g(mL)/亩·米,以后减半,间隔20d使用一次,使水体中氨氮的含量低于0.2mg/L;亚硝酸盐呈上升趋势时,选用芽孢杆菌调水,芽孢杆菌菌剂菌体数量≥1×108cfu/g,芽孢率≥80%,使用量100-200g/亩,使养殖水体亚硝酸盐含量低于0.1mg/L;水体中氨氮和亚硝酸盐无明显变化,则20d定期使用光合细菌菌剂,控制水塘透明度30-50cm。
本实施例的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,所述的成品捕捞:在9月中旬至10月初全部捕出,以快速抽干池水,干塘捡蟹的方式捕捞螃蟹;当鳙鱼体重达到2kg以上就可以进行捕捞。
Claims (10)
1.一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,其包括:水塘的选择、水塘的设施建造、水塘的消毒、优化水质与肥水、螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的选择、螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的消毒、合理养殖密度、日常管理、饲料喂食、水质管理、成品捕捞。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的水塘的选择:选择长方形、东西走向的水塘,水塘位于光照充足,水源近,水量充足、水质清新,溶氧量高,环境安静、没有污染,注排水方便、交通便利、微碱性的地方。
3.根据权利要求书1所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的水塘的设施建造:先清除水塘底部的淤泥,铺设8-10cm厚的沙砾土壤,周边的浅水区与中间的深水去采用栅网隔开,栅网孔隙为40-60目,浅水区平均池深1m,水深0.5-0.6m,深水区平均池深3.2m,水深2.5-3m;水塘建有注水口、排水口、微孔管增氧设施,注水口和排水口上设有60目的过滤筛网;四周设有竹片和网纱围起的防逃墙,池底投放石块、瓦片和竹制笼子作为遮蔽物,以供螃蟹和鳙鱼隐避栖息。
4.根据权利要求书1所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的水塘的消毒:排干水塘水,暴晒10-15d,注入水至深水区水深1m,浅水区水深0.3m每亩洒生石灰85-100kg清塘消毒,洒生石灰一周后,注入水至深水区2-3m,浅水区0.5-0.6m,再以1瓶两亩的用量喷洒特力灭继续进行消毒。
5.根据权利要求书1所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的优化水质与肥水:消毒5-7d后,水塘内放养水草,水草覆盖面为水塘面积的0.3-0.5;每亩水面施洒180-200kg的发酵粪肥,2d后的清晨,每亩再施用生物肥水素5-6kg,稀释100倍后喷洒全池,培育水质和培育浮游生物。
6.根据权利要求书1所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的选择:选择蟹壳较硬,甲壳完整、爬行活跃、规格整齐、壳色较黄、肢体健全、体质健壮、无病无伤的螃蟹苗;选择检疫检验合格,外观体形正常,鳍条、鳞被完整,体表光滑有黏液,色泽正常,游动活泼,畸形率小于1%,带病率小于1%,损伤率小于1%的鳙鱼苗。
7.根据权利要求书1所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗的消毒:螃蟹苗和鳙鱼苗均投放前采用3-5%的食盐水浸泡5-20min,食盐水需要现配现用,水温控制和养殖池塘的温度一致。
8.根据权利要求书1所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的合理养殖密度:在4月初至5月初,晴天的清晨或傍晚进行投放,将螃蟹苗放在岸上,让其慢慢爬入水中;螃蟹苗规格为200-240只/kg,放养密度一般为每亩5-7.5kg;在当年捕捞结束至翌年的3月进行放养鳙鱼苗,鳙鱼苗规格每尾50-100g,每亩1800-2200尾。
9.根据权利要求书1所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的日常管理:每天巡视水塘1次,观察塘水水色、水位变化及螃蟹和鳙鱼摄食活动情况,有无发病情况,检查栏栅设施是否完好,发现情况及时处理,每周清除1次池边漂浮物、腐败物等杂物,每天开启增氧机2小时,每隔10-15d注水换水一次,每次18-20cm,每20d施洒生石灰调水一次,每次每亩14-15kg,螃蟹蜕壳期间不能换水,雨期密切注意水位上涨,及时加固栏栅撑物,捞取漂浮水草,做好生产档案记录。
10.根据权利要求书1所述的螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的饲料喂食:螃蟹放养10d后,每日早晚定时定点投喂,日投饲率占螃蟹总重量的5-10%;鳙鱼苗放养3天后开始投食,每天投喂饵料3-4次,日投饲率占鳙鱼总重量的5-6%;所述的水质管理:每半月测定水体氨氮和亚硝酸盐的变化,氨氮呈上升趋势时使用光合细菌调水,光合细菌剂的活菌数≥3×108cfu/g(mL),初次使用1000g(mL)/亩·米,以后减半,间隔15-20d使用一次,使水体中氨氮的含量低于0.2mg/L;亚硝酸盐呈上升趋势时,选用芽孢杆菌调水,芽孢杆菌菌剂菌体数量≥1×108cfu/g,芽孢率≥80%,使用量100-200g/亩,使养殖水体亚硝酸盐含量低于0.1mg/L;水体中氨氮和亚硝酸盐无明显变化,则15-20d定期使用光合细菌菌剂,控制水塘透明度30-50cm;所述的成品捕捞:在9月中旬至10月初全部捕出,以快速抽干池水,干塘捡蟹的方式捕捞螃蟹;当鳙鱼体重达到2kg以上就可以进行捕捞。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711415255.4A CN107897063A (zh) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | 一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711415255.4A CN107897063A (zh) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | 一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN107897063A true CN107897063A (zh) | 2018-04-13 |
Family
ID=61870957
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711415255.4A Pending CN107897063A (zh) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | 一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN107897063A (zh) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101213949A (zh) * | 2008-01-19 | 2008-07-09 | 李怀章 | 一种大闸蟹的养殖方法 |
CN102657107A (zh) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-09-12 | 大通湖天泓渔业股份有限公司 | 一种河蟹、草鱼同池养殖方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-12-25 CN CN201711415255.4A patent/CN107897063A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101213949A (zh) * | 2008-01-19 | 2008-07-09 | 李怀章 | 一种大闸蟹的养殖方法 |
CN102657107A (zh) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-09-12 | 大通湖天泓渔业股份有限公司 | 一种河蟹、草鱼同池养殖方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
刘成建等: "浅论河蟹池塘生态养殖技术", 《安徽农学通报》 * |
盖建军等: "4种微生态制剂对养殖水质的影响", 《现代农业科技》 * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN104285868B (zh) | 一种凡纳滨对虾鱼虾混养的生态养殖方法 | |
CN104386886B (zh) | 一种网箱养鳝池塘水质的调节方法 | |
CN103270918A (zh) | 稻虾共作生态养殖系统及养殖方法 | |
CN106508735A (zh) | 一种田螺和鱼立体混养的方法 | |
CN104396829A (zh) | 一种鱼苗的培育方法 | |
CN104604796A (zh) | 一种鳖仿生态养殖方法 | |
CN104521654B (zh) | 一种通过种植水稻治理池塘富营养化的方法 | |
CN105265345A (zh) | 一种鱼虾混合养殖放养虾苗和鱼苗的方法 | |
CN106035177B (zh) | 鳖、鳝、鱼、莲共生种养方法 | |
CN1739345A (zh) | 高位池驯化和养殖方法 | |
CN110074027A (zh) | 一种河蟹池塘水草循环利用的方法 | |
CN100397983C (zh) | 盐碱地对虾养殖池塘的生态环境优化调控方法 | |
CN103688882A (zh) | 高密度螃蟹养殖方法 | |
CN104642089B (zh) | 一种江蓠与石斑鱼的混养方法 | |
CN110731286A (zh) | 一种商品河蟹室外网箱囤养方法 | |
CN105409848A (zh) | 一种蓝子鱼与日本囊对虾混养控制细菌病的方法 | |
CN105994038B (zh) | 一种海水虾贝蟹池塘无抗绿色养殖方法 | |
CN108812463A (zh) | 一种罗非鱼常见疾病的防治方法及治疗方法 | |
CN107897076A (zh) | 一种螃蟹的养殖与运输保存方法 | |
CN105532521B (zh) | 一种甲鱼/水芹立体生态种养方法 | |
CN114982685A (zh) | 一种罗氏沼虾的池塘生态养殖方法 | |
CN114568235A (zh) | 一种稻田鳖、鱼、黄鳝、水芹高效生态种养殖方法 | |
CN107258641A (zh) | 一种大闸蟹人工池塘养殖方法 | |
CN112471011A (zh) | 一种适宜盐碱地区域的立体化水产养殖方法 | |
CN107897063A (zh) | 一种螃蟹鳙鱼套养的养殖方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20180413 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |