CN107893278A - 一种涤棉防静电a级功能面料 - Google Patents

一种涤棉防静电a级功能面料 Download PDF

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CN107893278A
CN107893278A CN201710846479.4A CN201710846479A CN107893278A CN 107893278 A CN107893278 A CN 107893278A CN 201710846479 A CN201710846479 A CN 201710846479A CN 107893278 A CN107893278 A CN 107893278A
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陈太球
巫瑛
叶远丽
王馨婕
王鸿博
傅佳佳
范静静
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Swoto Protection and Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种涤棉防静电A级功能面料，由经向纱和纬向纱织造而成，所述经纬纱为涤棉混纺股线和涤棉混纺纱/防静电包缠纱按照一定的比例间隔均匀排列，通过织物经纬密和经纬纱与导电丝排列比的合理设计，导电丝在织物的经向和纬向相互交叉，形成网格织物；采用复合整理法对上述功能面料进行后整理，通过纳米材料和防静电整理剂的协同作用，进一步提高织物的防静电效果和耐久性，得到涤棉防静电A级功能面料。与现有技术相比，本发明的优点和有益效果在于：防静电面料的耐久性。面料经过50次洗涤后，织物防静电效果虽有所下降，但仍达到技术要求，属于防静电A级面料。

Description

一种涤棉防静电A级功能面料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种涤棉防静电A级功能面料，属于纺织面料领域。
背景技术
近年来，随着科学技术的发展和经济水平的提高，人们对服装的需求已从单纯的御寒蔽体向舒适、美观、环保、多功能化的方向发展，原来单一的纺织品已不能适应时代的发展和人们的需求，开发新型的功能性纺织品成为当代发展主流。防静电服广泛地应用于石油、电子、化工、医药、航天等领域，市场需求不断扩大，防静电面料成为功能性纺织品开发与研究的重点。
目前，制作防静电服面料主要分为表面整理型、混纺型和交织型。前两种方法生产的织物经过多次洗涤后，防静电性能大大降低，达不到防护服要求，交织型防静电面料经过50次洗涤后，防静电性能有一定程度降低，但在允许范围内，因此具有良好的稳定性与耐久性，是目前应用范围最广的防静电面料处理方法，但由导电纤维织制成纺织制品后的防静电效果远远不如纤维本身的防静电性能，很难达到防静电A级标准，具有一定的局限性。
导电纤维主要分为有机导电纤维、无机导电纤维和碳纤维三大类。无机导电纤维导电性能好，但可纺性较差、抱合力小；碳纤维导电性能优异，但不适合防静电织物的使用；有机导电纤维包括炭黑型、金属化合物型和导电高分子型三种，其中，炭黑加工简单，价格较低，质轻，来源广泛，具有良好的化学稳定性。
某些金属氧化物纳米粒子基于量子效应、小尺寸效应、表面效应和量子隧道效应，具有优异的导电性能、透明性以及高强度、高韧性等良好的力学性能，可用于制作防护服、工作服和装饰性导电材料。
专利CN104997209A涉及了一种防静电混纺纤维，由腈纶铜络合导电纤维、铜氨丝纤维、碳素复合导电纤维以及汉麻单纤维四种纤维混纺编织而成，编织而成的面料具有较好的导电性能和吸湿性、耐热、可抗霉杀菌的特点，但未说明织物的耐久性以及最终达到的防静电效果。专利CN202658332U公开的涤棉吸湿排汗抗静电面料，经纱采用涤棉短纤和抗静电丝，纬向采用涤棉短纤，经向抗静电丝呈均匀间隔排列，经纱和纬纱交织而成的面料具有高效、永久的防静电性能，同时还具有柔软、耐磨的特性，但防静电效果一般，达不到防静电A级标准。针对上述问题，亟需开发一种耐久性的防静电面料，且防静电效果达到A级，满足使用需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有涤棉面料防静电效果一般且耐久性差的问题，提供一种耐久性的涤棉防静电A级功能面料。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种涤棉防静电A级功能面料，由经向纱和纬向纱织造而成，所述经纬纱为涤棉混纺股线和涤棉混纺纱/防静电包缠纱按照一定的比例间隔均匀排列，通过织物经纬密和经纬纱与导电丝排列比的合理设计，导电丝在织物的经向和纬向相互交叉，形成网格织物；采用复合整理法对上述功能面料进行后整理，通过纳米材料和防静电整理剂的协同作用，进一步提高织物的防静电效果和耐久性，得到涤棉防静电A级功能面料。
所述的经纱和纬纱，涤棉混纺股线支数为32s/2，涤棉混纺比为40/60。
所述的导电丝为涤纶基皮芯复合型炭黑导电长丝，其细度为2.2tex/3f，导电长丝占涤棉防静电包缠纱的质量分数为8％～10％。
所述的织物为一上二下左斜纹组织。
所述的经纱密度范围为380～420根/10cm，纬纱密度范围为190～230根/10cm。
所述的经向涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝10:1～20:1，纬向涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝5:1～10:1。
所述的纳米粒子为纳米氧化锌，纳米整理液配方重量百分比组成为：分散剂低聚丙烯酸钠(粘度5Pa·s)1.0％～2.5％，偶联剂水溶性钛酸酯偶联剂0.50％～1.25％，纳米氧化锌1.0％～3.0％。
所述的防静电整理剂配方质量浓度组成为：壳聚糖5～10g/L，氨基硅酮整理剂12～20g/L。
所述的复合整理方法,其步骤为：先采用纳米整理液对织物进行二浸二轧处理，140～160℃焙烘90～120s，清水漂洗后烘干，然后采用抗静电整理液对纳米整理织物进行二浸二轧处理，130℃～150℃焙烘90～120s，清水漂洗后烘干。
采用上述技术方案后，面料产品具有A级防静电效果，且防静电效果持久。因为原料选用的是涤棉混纺纱线，相对于纯棉织物来说，没有纯棉舒服，但纯棉易变形，会缩水，由于棉中添加了涤的成分，所以它不易变形，也不会缩水，具有尺寸稳定、缩水小、易洗快干的特点，达到良好的服用效果。织物组织为一上二下左斜纹组织，织物外观呈现明显的斜纹效应。织物密度较高，产品比较厚实，组织立体感较强。通过科学有效地配比组合，经纬纱与防静电纱按一定的间隔均匀排列，交织制成格子状的织物。通过复合整理法使纳米粒子与织物牢固结合，防静电性能持久。同时，壳聚糖作为抗静电剂，还可以提高涤纶的防静电性能。该面料在防静电性能上完全满足特种环境下防护服的特殊要求。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点和有益效果在于：
(1)纱线原料的优选。经纬纱选用的是涤棉混纺股线，涤棉混纺比为40/60，两种纤维混纺能发挥出两种不同纤维的独特性能，既突出涤纶的风格又兼具棉的优良特性，取长补短，可达到良好的服用效果。炭黑加工简单，价格较低，质轻，来源广泛，具有良好的化学稳定性，选择涤纶基皮芯复合型炭黑导电长丝，其细度为2.2tex/3f。涤棉混纺股线和炭黑导电长丝通过平行纺纱工艺纺制成防静电包缠纱，导电长丝占涤棉防静电包缠纱的质量分数为8％～10％。
(2)织物组织和交织工艺的确定。采用的是一上二下左斜纹组织，经纬纱与防静电纱按一定的间隔均匀排列，交织成防静电织物。经纱密度范围为380～420根/10cm，纬纱密度范围为190～230根/10cm。经纱排列比为涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝10:1～20:1；纬纱排列比为涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝5:1～10:1。在降低功能纤维用量情况下，纺出优质防静电机织面料。
(3)织物后整理。织物经过传统的防静电整理后，存在耐洗牢度差，功能不持久等问题。通过复合整理法，将纳米材料与防静电整理剂结合，先采用纳米整理液整理使纳米氧化锌与纤维结合，然后采用壳聚糖和氨基硅酮作为交联剂，使纳米粒子与织物牢固结合，防静电性能持久；同时，壳聚糖作为抗静电剂，还可以提高涤纶的防静电性能。
(4)防静电面料的耐久性。面料经过50次洗涤后，织物防静电效果虽有所下降，但仍达到技术要求，属于防静电A级面料。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例进一步阐述本发明的技术特点，其中以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例一
经纬纱为涤棉混纺股线，支数为32s/2，涤棉混纺比为40/60。导电丝为涤纶基皮芯复合型炭黑导电长丝，细度为2.2tex/3f，导电长丝占涤棉防静电包缠纱的质量分数为8％～10％。经纬纱与防静电纱按一定的间隔均匀排列，交织成防静电织物。经纱密度为380根/10cm，纬纱密度为380根/10cm。经纱排列比为涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝12:1；纬纱排列比为涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝6:1。
织物后整理：先采用纳米整理液对织物进行二浸二轧处理，150℃焙烘120s，清水漂洗后烘干。纳米整理液配方重量百分比组成为：分散剂低聚丙烯酸钠(粘度5Pa·s)2.5％，偶联剂水溶性钛酸酯偶联剂1.25％，纳米氧化锌3.0％。然后采用抗静电整理液对纳米整理织物进行二浸二轧处理，140℃焙烘120s，清水漂洗后烘干。防静电整理剂配方质量浓度组成为：壳聚糖5g/L，氨基硅酮整理剂12g/L。
测试结果表明，未经洗涤时，点对点电阻为2.1×105Ω，经过50次洗涤后，织物的点对点电阻值增大到5.2×105Ω，但仍达到技术要求，属于防静电A级面料。
实施例二
经纬纱为涤棉混纺股线，支数为32s/2，涤棉混纺比为40/60。导电丝为涤纶基皮芯复合型炭黑导电长丝，细度为2.2tex/3f，导电长丝占涤棉防静电包缠纱的质量分数为8％～10％。经纬纱与防静电纱按一定的间隔均匀排列，交织成防静电织物。经纱密度为390根/10cm，纬纱密度为200根/10cm。经纱排列比为涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝9:1；纬纱排列比为涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝4:1。
织物后整理：先采用纳米整理液对织物进行二浸二轧处理，150℃焙烘120s，清水漂洗后烘干。纳米整理液配方重量百分比组成为：分散剂低聚丙烯酸钠(粘度5Pa·s)2.0％，偶联剂水溶性钛酸酯偶联剂1.0％，纳米氧化锌2.5％。然后采用抗静电整理液对纳米整理织物进行二浸二轧处理，140℃焙烘120s，清水漂洗后烘干。防静电整理剂配方质量浓度组成为：壳聚糖6g/L，氨基硅酮整理剂15g/L。
测试结果表明，未经洗涤时，点对点电阻为1.2×105Ω，经过50次洗涤后，织物的点对点电阻值增大到3.8×105Ω，但仍达到技术要求，属于防静电A级面料。
实施例三
经纬纱为涤棉混纺股线，支数为32s/2，涤棉混纺比为40/60。导电丝为涤纶基皮芯复合型炭黑导电长丝，细度为2.2tex/3f，导电长丝占涤棉防静电包缠纱的质量分数为8％～10％。经纬纱与防静电纱按一定的间隔均匀排列，交织成防静电织物。经纱密度为395根/10cm，纬纱密度为210根/10cm。经纱排列比为涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝11:1；纬纱排列比为涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝5:1。
织物后整理：先采用纳米整理液对织物进行二浸二轧处理，150℃焙烘120s，清水漂洗后烘干。纳米整理液配方重量百分比组成为：分散剂低聚丙烯酸钠(粘度5Pa·s)1.5％，偶联剂水溶性钛酸酯偶联剂0.75％，纳米氧化锌2.0％。然后采用抗静电整理液对纳米整理织物进行二浸二轧处理，140℃焙烘120s，清水漂洗后烘干。防静电整理剂配方质量浓度组成为：壳聚糖8g/L，氨基硅酮整理剂18g/L。
测试结果表明，未经洗涤时，点对点电阻为1.6×105Ω，经过50次洗涤后，织物的点对点电阻值增大到4.5×105Ω，但仍达到技术要求，属于防静电A级面料。
实施例四
经纬纱为涤棉混纺股线，支数为32s/2，涤棉混纺比为40/60。导电丝为涤纶基皮芯复合型炭黑导电长丝，细度为2.2tex/3f，导电长丝占涤棉防静电包缠纱的质量分数为8％～10％。经纬纱与防静电纱按一定的间隔均匀排列，交织成防静电织物。经纱密度为410根/10cm，纬纱密度为225根/10cm。经纱排列比为涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝14:1；纬纱排列比为涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝7:1。
织物后整理：先采用纳米整理液对织物进行二浸二轧处理，150℃焙烘120s，清水漂洗后烘干。纳米整理液配方重量百分比组成为：分散剂低聚丙烯酸钠(粘度5Pa·s)1.0％，偶联剂水溶性钛酸酯偶联剂0.5％，纳米氧化锌1.5％。然后采用抗静电整理液对纳米整理织物进行二浸二轧处理，140℃焙烘120s，清水漂洗后烘干。防静电整理剂配方质量浓度组成为：壳聚糖10g/L，氨基硅酮整理剂20g/L。
测试结果表明，未经洗涤时，点对点电阻为4.5×105Ω，经过50次洗涤后，织物的点对点电阻值增大到6.9×105Ω，但仍达到技术要求，属于防静电A级面料。
以上所述仅为本专利的实施例，并不因此限制本专利的保护范围，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本专利的技术范围内，联想到的其他变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种涤棉防静电A级功能面料，由经向纱和纬向纱织造而成，其特征在于：所述经向纱和纬向纱为涤棉混纺股线和涤棉混纺纱/防静电包缠纱按照一定的比例间隔均匀排列；所述防静电包缠纱中的导电丝为涤纶基皮芯复合型炭黑导电长丝，其细度为2.2tex/3f，导电长丝占涤棉防静电包缠纱的质量分数为8％～10％；所述的经纱密度范围为380～420根/10cm，纬纱密度范围为190～230根/10cm；所述的导电丝在织物的经向和纬向相互交叉，形成网格织物；采用复合整理法对上述功能面料进行后整理，通过纳米材料和防静电整理剂的协同作用，进一步提高织物的防静电效果和耐久性，得到涤棉防静电A级功能面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤棉防静电A级功能面料，其特征在于：所述的经纱和纬纱，涤棉混纺股线支数为32s/2，涤棉混纺比为40/60。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤棉防静电A级功能面料，其特征在于：所述的织物为一上二下左斜纹组织。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤棉防静电A级功能面料，其特征在于：所述的经向涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝10:1～20:1，纬向涤棉混纺股线：防静电包缠纱＝5:1～10:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤棉防静电A级功能面料，其特征在于：所述的纳米粒子为纳米氧化锌，纳米整理液配方重量百分比组成为：分散剂低聚丙烯酸钠(粘度5Pa·s)1.0％～2.5％，偶联剂水溶性钛酸酯偶联剂0.50％～1.25％，纳米氧化锌1.0％～3.0％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤棉防静电A级功能面料，其特征在于：所述的防静电整理剂配方质量浓度组成为：壳聚糖5～10g/L，氨基硅酮整理剂12～20g/L。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤棉防静电A级功能面料，其特征在于：所述的复合整理方法,其步骤为：先采用纳米整理液对织物进行二浸二轧处理，140～160℃焙烘90～120s，清水漂洗后烘干，然后采用抗静电整理液对纳米整理织物进行二浸二轧处理，130℃～150℃焙烘90～120s，清水漂洗后烘干。
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