CN107892674A - 一种四氢‑1,4‑亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种四氢‑1,4‑亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107892674A
CN107892674A CN201711270766.1A CN201711270766A CN107892674A CN 107892674 A CN107892674 A CN 107892674A CN 201711270766 A CN201711270766 A CN 201711270766A CN 107892674 A CN107892674 A CN 107892674A
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白大昌
于文艳
李兴伟
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Henan Normal University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种四氢‑1,4‑亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法,属于有机合成技术领域。利用硝酮2与亚甲基环丙烷3,在铑催化剂和氧化剂存在下,进行加成反应生成桥环结构恶唑烷4,接着催化氢化得到2‑叔丁基‑5‑(4‑叔丁苄基)‑1,2,4,5‑四氢‑1,4‑亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓1。本发明方法原料廉价易得、反应条件温和、原子经济性好、选择性高、后处理简单、收率高,为桥环结构氧氮杂卓化合物提供了一种快速合成途径。

Description

一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及有机合成技术领域,具体地涉及一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法。
背景技术
桥环苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓,尤其是一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法作为非常有用的合成中间体,广泛存在于医药、农药以及天然产物中间体中。另外桥环化合物的制备是合成中的一大难点,虽然人们发展了一些含桥环结构化合物的方法,但这些方法往往步骤较多,效率不高,生产成本较大,而且灵活性不高。现有技术中含桥环结构的恶唑烷类化合物,普遍存在合成难度大、反应危险性高、反应步骤长、反应收率低、原子经济性低等缺陷。
因此,开发一种更为简便的合成方法制备一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法在工业中的应用具有重要的意义。
发明内容
为了克服上述缺陷,本发明提供了一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓,利用比较常用的铑催化剂,通过硝酮2的C-H键活化,然后对亚甲基环丙烷3进行加成直接构建碳-氧键和碳-碳键,一步反应高效、高选择性的合成桥环结构恶唑烷,随后还原反应得到四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓。
一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:硝酮2与亚甲基环丙烷3,在铑催化剂和氧化剂存在下,加成反应生成桥环结构恶唑烷4,接着催化氢化得到四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓1;反应方程式如下:
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述铑催化剂选自三价铑盐或含铑络合物。三价铑盐选自五甲基环戊二烯基二氯化铑、五甲基环戊二烯基二乙酸铑一种或多种。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述氧化剂包括醋酸银、硝酸银、特戊酸银、碳酸银、苯乙酸银的一种或多种。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述有机溶剂为醇类溶剂、腈类溶剂、醚类溶剂和酰胺类溶剂中的一种或多种。优选三氟乙醇溶剂。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述铑催化剂与硝酮的摩尔比为0.02-1:1;亚甲基环丙烷3与硝酮2摩尔比值为0.5-4:1,优选摩尔比为2.5:1;氧化剂与硝酮摩尔比为1.0~6.0。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述加成反应的温度为0-100℃,优选反应温度是30-50℃。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述加成反应在惰性气体保护下或者空气中进行,惰性气体为氮气、氩气或氦气。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,当添加0.1-2.0当量无机碱时,例如碳酸钾、醋酸钠、碳酸锂等,以及醋酸锌、醋酸镁、甲醇镁等对反应均无影响。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,催化氢化为:将桥环结构恶唑烷4溶解于醇类溶剂中,加入催化量钯碳,通入氢气后,将双键还原后得到1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓1。
发明有益效果:
1)硝酮与亚甲基环丙烷加成,随后还原反应,两步即可高效、高选择性合成1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓1。
2)反应原料来源方便、底物合成容易,催化剂也为常见催化剂,为克级以上规模合成该类化合物提供了新途径;
具体实施例
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。
实施例1:
将Cp*Rh(OAc)2(7.0mg,0.010mmol,0.050equiv),AgOAc(80mg,0.500mmol,2.50equiv)加入到25mL的封管中,在氮气保护下加入磁子和1mL溶剂CF3CH2OH,搅拌10分钟后,再将硝酮2(0.200mmol,1.00equiv)和亚甲基环丙烷3(0.500mmol,2.50equiv)加入到封管中,反应在40℃搅拌24h后,硅藻土过滤,用15mL乙酸乙酯洗。将有机层旋干直接进行柱层析得到产物4,总收率84%,1H NMR、13C NMR的纯度均大于95%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.80(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.44(s,4H),7.29(s,1H),7.25(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.18(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.46(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),4.31(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),2.33(s,1H),2.02(t,J=10.2Hz,1H),1.35(s,9H),1.18(s,9H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ150.1,142.4,136.9,134.0,132.8,129.4,127.6,127.5,125.9,125.3,124.7,123.7,73.3,59.7,58.8,37.9,34.6,31.4,26.8.HRMS(ESI,m/z):理论值C25H32NO[M+H]+:362.2478,测试值:362.2480.
将化合物4(40mg)溶解于2mL甲醇溶液中,搅拌下完全溶解后,再将5mg 5%Pd/C加入到反应瓶内,接着常压通入氢气,室温反应至原料消失后(TLC检测),硅藻土过滤,减压除去溶剂,柱层析纯化(PE:EA=10:1)得到产物1,收率52%。其余为过度还原产物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.35(m,5H),7.23(dt,J=7.5,1.2Hz,1H),7.12(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.04(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),4.39(dd,J=5.9,2.9Hz,1H),4.22(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),3.24–2.97(m,3H),2.39–2.28(m,1H),1.85(d,J=11.0Hz,1H),1.34(s,9H),1.18(s,9H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ148.7,142.6,138.2,137.5,129.4,129.0,127.6,126.0,125.3,125.2,73.4,58.9,58.8,48.7,38.0,37.2,34.4,31.5,26.8.HRMS(ESI,m/z):calcd forC25H34NO[M+H]+:364.2635,found 364.2628.
实施例2:
将Cp*Rh(OAc)2(7.0mg,0.010mmol,0.050equiv),AgNO2(85mg,0.500mmol,2.50equiv)加入到25mL的封管中,在氮气保护下加入磁子和1mL溶剂CF3CH2OH,搅拌10分钟后,再将硝酮2(0.200mmol,1.00equiv)和亚甲基环丙烷3(0.500mmol,2.50equiv)加入到封管中,反应在50℃搅拌24h后,硅藻土过滤,用15mL乙酸乙酯洗。将有机层旋干直接进行柱层析得到产物4,总收率85%,1H NMR、13C NMR的纯度均大于95%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.80(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.44(s,4H),7.29(s,1H),7.25(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.18(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.46(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),4.31(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),2.33(s,1H),2.02(t,J=10.2Hz,1H),1.35(s,9H),1.18(s,9H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ150.1,142.4,136.9,134.0,132.8,129.4,127.6,127.5,125.9,125.3,124.7,123.7,73.3,59.7,58.8,37.9,34.6,31.4,26.8.HRMS(ESI,m/z):理论值C25H32NO[M+H]+:362.2478,测试值:362.2480.
将化合物4(40mg)溶解于2mL甲醇溶液中,搅拌下完全溶解后,再将4mg 10%Pd/C加入到反应瓶内,接着常压通入氢气,室温反应至原料消失后(TLC检测),硅藻土过滤,减压除去溶剂,柱层析纯化(PE:EA=10:1)得到产物1,收率59%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.35(m,5H),7.23(dt,J=7.5,1.2Hz,1H),7.12(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.04(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),4.39(dd,J=5.9,2.9Hz,1H),4.22(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),3.24–2.97(m,3H),2.39–2.28(m,1H),1.85(d,J=11.0Hz,1H),1.34(s,9H),1.18(s,9H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ148.7,142.6,138.2,137.5,129.4,129.0,127.6,126.0,125.3,125.2,73.4,58.9,58.8,48.7,38.0,37.2,34.4,31.5,26.8.HRMS(ESI,m/z):calcd forC25H34NO[M+H]+:364.2635,found364.2628.
实施例3:
将Cp*Rh(OAc)2(7.0mg,0.010mmol,0.050equiv),Ag2CO3(55mg,0.200mmol,1.00equiv)加入到25mL的封管中,在氮气保护下加入磁子和1mL溶剂CF3CH2OH,搅拌10分钟后,再将硝酮2(0.200mmol,1.00equiv)和亚甲基环丙烷3(0.500mmol,2.50equiv)加入到封管中,反应在30℃搅拌24h后,硅藻土过滤,用15mL乙酸乙酯洗。将有机层旋干直接进行柱层析得到产物4,总收率81%,1H NMR、13C NMR的纯度均大于95%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.80(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.44(s,4H),7.29(s,1H),7.25(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.18(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.46(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),4.31(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),2.33(s,1H),2.02(t,J=10.2Hz,1H),1.35(s,9H),1.18(s,9H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ150.1,142.4,136.9,134.0,132.8,129.4,127.6,127.5,125.9,125.3,124.7,123.7,73.3,59.7,58.8,37.9,34.6,31.4,26.8.HRMS(ESI,m/z):理论值C25H32NO[M+H]+:362.2478,测试值:362.2480.
将化合物4(40mg)溶解于2mL乙醇溶液中,搅拌下完全溶解后,再将5mg 5%Pd/C加入到反应瓶内,接着常压通入氢气,室温反应至原料消失后(TLC检测),硅藻土过滤,减压除去溶剂,柱层析纯化(PE:EA=10:1)得到产物1,收率57%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.35(m,5H),7.23(dt,J=7.5,1.2Hz,1H),7.12(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.04(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),4.39(dd,J=5.9,2.9Hz,1H),4.22(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),3.24–2.97(m,3H),2.39–2.28(m,1H),1.85(d,J=11.0Hz,1H),1.34(s,9H),1.18(s,9H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ148.7,142.6,138.2,137.5,129.4,129.0,127.6,126.0,125.3,125.2,73.4,58.9,58.8,48.7,38.0,37.2,34.4,31.5,26.8.HRMS(ESI,m/z):calcd forC25H34NO[M+H]+:364.2635,found 364.2628.

Claims (8)

1.一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:硝酮2与亚甲基环丙烷3,在铑催化剂和氧化剂存在下,加成反应生成桥环结构恶唑烷4,接着催化氢化得到四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓1;反应方程式如下:
2.根据权利要求1所述一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法,其特征在于:所述铑催化剂选自三价铑盐或含铑络合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法,其特征在于:所述三价铑盐选自五甲基环戊二烯基五氯化铑二聚体、五甲基环戊二烯基二乙酸铑一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法,其特征在于:所述氧化剂选自醋酸银、硝酸银、特戊酸银、碳酸银、苯乙酸银的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法,其特征在于:所述有机溶剂选自三氟乙醇。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法,其特征在于:所述铑催化剂、硝酮2与亚甲基环丙烷3摩尔比为0.02-1:1:2.5;所述加成反应温度为30~50℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法,其特征在于:所述加成反应在惰性气体保护下进行,惰性气体选自氮气、氩气或氦气。
8.根据权利要求1所述一种四氢-1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓的制备方法,其特征在于:所述还原反应为,将桥环结构恶唑烷4溶解于醇类溶剂中,加入催化量钯碳,通入氢气后,将双键还原后得到1,4-亚甲基苯并[d][1,2]氧氮杂卓1。
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CN113912562A (zh) * 2021-11-23 2022-01-11 江苏科技大学 一种氧氮杂卓衍生物的合成方法
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