CN107880412A - 一种高弹环保塑胶跑道颗粒的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高弹环保塑胶跑道颗粒的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高弹环保塑胶跑道颗粒的制备方法，其特征在于，所述配方为橡塑弹性体100份，稳定剂3‑6份，填料40‑300份，增塑剂0‑60份，防老剂1‑3份，活性剂0‑1份，发泡剂0.2‑3份，颜料1‑6份。制备的具体步骤为：(1)称料；(2)将原料依次加入密炼机中，混炼；(3)开炼机精炼，裁剪；(4)将胶料投入挤出机中，挤出板材；(5)辐射交联；(6)粉碎得到颗粒；(7)颗粒经过化学发泡或者物理发泡；(8)检验，包装，得到成品。此颗粒弹性好，耐老化性及着色性能好，且无毒环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及塑胶跑道技术领域，尤其涉及一种环保塑胶跑道颗粒制备的配方及工艺。
背景技术
塑胶跑道具有平整度好、抗压强度高、硬度弹性适当、物理性能稳定、防滑的特性，不仅有利于运动员速度和技术的发挥，有效地提高运动成绩，而且为各大中小学的学生提供了更为舒适的运动场地，降低摔伤率。近一两年的时间里，全国多地学校发出“异味跑道、异味操场”的疾呼，使人们更加关注塑胶跑道的安全性和环保性。目前对于塑胶跑道颗粒来说，一些质量较好的颗粒使用三元乙丙橡胶配合使用大量的填料和增塑剂，在降低其成本的同时保证其弹性，但此种颗粒虽然弹性较好，但其撕裂和压缩永久变形和染色性较差，且在储存时会存在结块、掉渣等问题。而新闻中所报道的“毒颗粒”大多为废旧轮胎、废弃的电缆以及各种说不清来源、说不清品种的橡胶垃圾，经过简单粉碎得到的，此种颗粒价格低廉，有刺激气味，缓慢散发的有毒物质会对人们的身体健康产生很大危害。因此，一种环保、耐用的塑胶跑道颗粒在市场上需求广泛。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，针对现有塑胶跑道颗粒在环保方面的不足，提供一种环保塑胶跑道颗粒制备的配方及工艺。本发明以三元乙丙橡胶、氯化聚乙烯、天然橡胶、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、低密度线性聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)单独一种或几种材料共混得到橡塑弹性体为主料，再加入合适比例的填料、环保增塑剂；辐照交联后，经过化学或物理发泡，得到微发泡的环保、高弹、耐用的塑胶跑道颗粒。
为实现上述目的，本发明一种环保塑胶跑道颗粒制备的配方及工艺。
其配方如下：橡塑弹性体100份，稳定剂3-6份，填料40-300份，增塑剂0-60份，防老剂1-3份，活性剂0-1份，发泡剂0.2-3份，颜料1-6份。其中稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂；填料为碳酸钙、高岭土、滑石粉、陶土中的一种或多种；增塑剂为环保增塑剂环己烷1，2羧酸壬酯、石蜡油或环氧大豆油酸辛酯，防老剂为Alba或1010，活性剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌、氧化锌中的一种或多种；颜料为铁红、铁绿、氧化铬、油溶黄、群青、炭黑。
其中，所述橡塑弹性体为：三元乙丙橡胶、氯化聚乙烯、天然橡胶、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、低密度线性聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)单独一种或几种材料共混得到。
其中，所述跑道颗粒为微发泡颗粒。
其中，所述发泡剂可以为化学发泡剂偶氮二甲酰胺、4，4-氧代双本磺酰肼或碳酸氢钠中的任一种；也可以为物理发泡剂氮气，二氧化碳或者二者的混合物。
其中，采用化学发泡法的制备跑道颗粒的方法如下：
1)按照配方的要求称取各种所需材料的重量；
2)密炼机温度设定为80-120℃，将橡塑弹性体投入密炼机中，依次加入稳定剂，填料、增塑剂、防老剂、活性剂、发泡剂、颜料等，混炼7-12min，出料、下片出料，得到混炼胶；
3)将混炼胶投至开炼机中，进行精炼，4-7min后将混炼胶压片；
4)将混炼胶片投入挤出机中，挤成胶板，挤出机温度为80-120℃，胶板厚度为2mm-30mm；
5)将挤出后的胶板进行辐照交联；
6)交联后的橡胶板切割后，进入粉碎机粉碎，得到塑胶颗粒；
7)将塑胶颗粒，用托盘送入140-190℃的烘道进行化学发泡，发泡时间5-20min，得到微发泡塑胶颗粒；
8)塑胶颗粒经检验、包装，得到成品。
其中，采用物理发泡法制备跑道颗粒的方法如下：
1)按照配方的要求称取各种所需材料的重量；
2)密炼机温度设定为80-170℃，将橡塑弹性体投入密炼机中，依次加入稳定剂、填料、增塑剂、防老剂、颜料等，混炼7-12min，出料、下片出料，得到混炼胶；
3)将混炼胶投至开炼机中，进行精炼，4-7min后将混炼胶压片；
4)将混炼胶片投入挤出机中，挤成胶板，挤出机温度为80-170℃，胶板厚度为2mm-30mm；
5)将挤出后的胶板进行辐照交联；
6)交联后的橡胶板切割后，进入粉碎机粉碎，得到塑胶颗粒；
7)将塑胶颗粒，放入超临界反应釜中，向釜中通入气体，使釜内压力达到5-25Mpa，控制釜内温度为室温至120℃，保温保压0.5-20h，之后泄压，打开反应釜，得到微发泡塑胶颗粒；
8)塑胶颗粒经检验、包装，得到成品。
其中，在步骤5)中，辐照交联包括电子加速器辐照或钴60辐照，辐照剂量为5kGy-100kGy，辐照交联方式为“8”字型双面辐照，可以为多台加速器不同方向的辐照，也可以一台加速器分束扫描辐照。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明的塑胶颗粒以氯化聚乙烯为主要原材料，配以其他种类的橡胶、塑料或者弹性体，在保证其弹性的前提下，提高了颗粒的耐老化性和着色性；其次配方中选用环保增塑剂，硫化方式也选用辐照交联，完全环保；另外，产品的微发泡不仅为其高弹特性的保证，同时也可以降低颗粒的密度，达到减少成本的目的。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细的说明，但是本发明的范围不受这些实施例的限制。
实施例1-3
实施例1-3的制备方法如下：
1)按照配方的要求称取各种所需材料的重量；
2)密炼机温度设定为120℃，依次将橡塑弹性体、稳定剂、填料、增塑剂、防老剂、活性剂、发泡剂、颜料投入密炼机中，混炼8min，出料、下片，得到混炼胶。
3)将混炼胶投至开炼机中，进行精炼，5min后将混炼胶压片；
4)将混炼胶片投入挤出机中，挤成胶板，挤出机温度为80-120℃，胶板厚度为6mm。
5)将挤出后的胶板送入电子加速器辐照室进行辐照交联，辐照剂量为75kGy。
6)交联后的橡胶板切割后，进入粉碎机粉碎，得到塑胶颗粒。
7)将塑胶颗粒，用托盘送入140-190℃的热空气烘道进行化学发泡，发泡时间8min，得到微发泡塑胶颗粒。
8)塑胶颗粒经检验、包装，得到成品。
其中，实施例1至实施例3得到的发泡颗粒密度分别为，1.23g/cm3、1.05g/cm3和1.18g/cm3。
实施例4-6
实施例4-6的制备方法如下：
1)按照配方的要求称取各种所需材料的重量；
2)密炼机温度设定为120℃，依次将橡塑弹性体、稳定剂、填料、增塑剂、防老剂、颜料投入密炼机中，混炼8min，出料、下片，得到混炼胶。
3)将混炼胶投至开炼机中，进行精炼，5min后将混炼胶压片；
4)将混炼胶片投入挤出机中，挤成胶板，挤出机温度为80-120℃，胶板厚度为6mm。
5)将挤出后的胶板送入电子加速器辐照室进行辐照交联，辐照剂量为65kGy。
6)交联后的橡胶板切割后，进入粉碎机粉碎，得到塑胶颗粒。
7)将塑胶颗粒，放入超临界反应釜中，向釜中通入氮气，使釜内压力达到18Mpa，控制釜内温度为80℃，保温保压4h，之后泄压，打开反应釜，得到微发泡塑胶颗粒。
8)塑胶颗粒经检验、包装，得到成品。
其中，实施例4至实施例6得到的发泡颗粒密度分别为，1.12g/cm3、1.14g/cm3和1.04g/cm3。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员依然可以对前述各实施例的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种高弹环保塑胶跑道颗粒的制备方法，其特征在于，配方如下：橡塑弹性体100份，稳定剂3-6份，填料40-300份，增塑剂0-60份，防老剂1-3份，活性剂0-1份，发泡剂0.2-3份，颜料1-6份。其中稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂；填料为碳酸钙、高岭土、滑石粉、陶土中的一种或多种；增塑剂为环保增塑剂环己烷1，2羧酸壬酯或环氧大豆油酸辛酯，防老剂为Alba或1010，活性剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌、氧化锌中的一种或多种；颜料为铁红、铁绿、氧化铬、油溶黄、群青、炭黑。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的一种高弹环保塑胶跑道颗粒的制备方法，其特征在于，所述橡塑弹性体为：三元乙丙橡胶、氯化聚乙烯、天然橡胶、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、低密度线性聚乙烯、乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)单独一种或几种材料共混得到。
3.根据权利要求书1所述的一种高弹环保塑胶跑道颗粒的制备方法，其特征在于，所述跑道颗粒为微发泡颗粒。
4.根据权利要求书1所述的一种高弹环保塑胶跑道颗粒的制备方法，其特征在于，所述发泡剂可以为化学发泡剂偶氮二甲酰胺、4，4-氧代双本磺酰肼或碳酸氢钠中的任一种；也可以为物理发泡剂氮气，二氧化碳或者二者的混合物。
5.根据权利要求书1所述的一种高弹环保塑胶跑道颗粒的制备方法，其特征在于，采用化学发泡法的制备方法如下：
1)按照配方的要求称取各种所需材料的重量；
2)密炼机温度设定为80-120℃，将橡塑弹性体投入密炼机中，依次加入稳定剂，填料、增塑剂、防老剂、活性剂、发泡剂、颜料等，混炼7-12min，出料、下片出料，得到混炼胶；
3)将混炼胶投至开炼机中，进行精炼，4-7min后将混炼胶压片，裁剪；
4)将混炼胶片投入挤出机中，挤成胶板，挤出机温度为80-120℃，胶板厚度为2mm-30mm；
5)将挤出后的胶板进行辐照交联；
6)交联后的橡胶板切割后，进入粉碎机粉碎，得到塑胶颗粒；
7)将塑胶颗粒，用托盘送入140-190℃的烘道进行化学发泡，发泡时间5-20min，得到微发泡塑胶颗粒；
8)塑胶颗粒经检验、包装，得到成品。
6.根据权利要求书1所述的一种高弹环保塑胶跑道颗粒的制备方法，其特征在于，采用物理发泡法的制备方法如下：
1)按照配方的要求称取各种所需材料的重量；
2)密炼机温度设定为80-170℃，将橡塑弹性体投入密炼机中，依次加入稳定剂、填料、增塑剂、防老剂、颜料等，混炼7-12min，出料、下片出料，得到混炼胶；
3)将混炼胶投至开炼机中，进行精炼，4-7min后将混炼胶压片；
4)将混炼胶片投入挤出机中，挤成胶板，挤出机温度为80-170℃，胶板厚度为2mm-30mm；
5)将挤出后的胶板进行辐照交联；
6)交联后的橡胶板切割后，进入粉碎机粉碎，得到塑胶颗粒；
7)将塑胶颗粒，放入超临界反应釜中，向釜中通入氮气，使釜内压力达到5-25Mpa，控制釜内温度为室温至120℃，保温保压0.5-20h，之后泄压，打开反应釜，得到微发泡塑胶颗粒；
8)塑胶颗粒经检验、包装，得到成品。
7.根据权利要求书5或6所述的一种高弹环保塑胶跑道颗粒的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤5)中，辐照交联为电子加速器辐照或钴60辐照，辐照剂量为5kGy-100kGy。
8.根据权利要求书5或6所述的一种高弹环保塑胶跑道颗粒的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤5)中，辐照交联方式为“8”字型双面辐照，可以为多台加速器不同方向的辐照，也可以一台加速器分束扫描辐照。
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| CN109054347A (zh) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-21 | 青岛科技大学 | 一种塑胶跑道用颗粒及制备方法 |
| CN109161071A (zh) * | 2018-09-01 | 2019-01-08 | 成都市水泷头化工科技有限公司 | 一种含废旧轮胎胶粉的低成本塑胶跑道及制备方法 |
| CN111500219A (zh) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-07 | 宝力科技(宁国)有限公司 | 新型环保自结纹型塑胶跑道 |
| CN111621098A (zh) * | 2019-06-18 | 2020-09-04 | 道一高分子聚合物(宁波)有限公司 | 一种发泡型塑胶跑道颗粒材料及其制备方法 |
| CN111925602A (zh) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-13 | 苏州大乘环保新材有限公司 | 一种mpv改性跑道颗粒及其制备方法 |
| CN114163697A (zh) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-03-11 | 江苏乔氏电子科技有限公司 | 一种电瓶车线束的制造方法及线束 |
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| CN109054347A (zh) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-21 | 青岛科技大学 | 一种塑胶跑道用颗粒及制备方法 |
| CN109161071A (zh) * | 2018-09-01 | 2019-01-08 | 成都市水泷头化工科技有限公司 | 一种含废旧轮胎胶粉的低成本塑胶跑道及制备方法 |
| CN111621098A (zh) * | 2019-06-18 | 2020-09-04 | 道一高分子聚合物(宁波)有限公司 | 一种发泡型塑胶跑道颗粒材料及其制备方法 |
| CN111500219A (zh) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-07 | 宝力科技(宁国)有限公司 | 新型环保自结纹型塑胶跑道 |
| CN111925602A (zh) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-13 | 苏州大乘环保新材有限公司 | 一种mpv改性跑道颗粒及其制备方法 |
| CN114163697A (zh) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-03-11 | 江苏乔氏电子科技有限公司 | 一种电瓶车线束的制造方法及线束 |
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