CN107873607B - Sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system and ecological breeding and planting method - Google Patents
Sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system and ecological breeding and planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107873607B CN107873607B CN201711154313.2A CN201711154313A CN107873607B CN 107873607 B CN107873607 B CN 107873607B CN 201711154313 A CN201711154313 A CN 201711154313A CN 107873607 B CN107873607 B CN 107873607B
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009372 pisciculture Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system and an ecological breeding and planting method, wherein the construction system comprises: one end of the annular outer channel is provided with a water inlet communicated with an external water source, and the other end of the annular outer channel is provided with a water outlet communicated with an external drainage channel; the region surrounded by the annular outer channel is divided into m x n planting regions, each planting region comprises a rice field, and a ridge, an annular ditch and a canal ridge which sequentially surround the rice field from inside to outside, an inner channel communicated with the annular outer channel is arranged between any two adjacent planting regions, and the ridge and the canal ridge are provided with water passing gate openings; m and n are integers of 2 or more. According to the invention, ecological breeding and planting operation can be well carried out in saline-alkali areas, two ridges are arranged at the periphery of the rice field, and the circular trench is arranged between the two ridges, so that the direct influence of canal water and a water body between the rice field can be relieved, the influence of overhigh water level on the rice field in a production period can be prevented, and fish can be prevented from entering the rice field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological breeding, in particular to a sulfate saline-alkali pond construction system and an ecological breeding and planting method.
Background
The saline-alkali water is a third water resource different from seawater and fresh water. Saline-alkali water resources in China are 6.9 hundred million acres, are widely distributed in 19 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in China, and rise year by year. China is a country with shortage of fresh water resources, and a plurality of times of drought bring great influence on agricultural production in recent years, so that the water conservancy department determines that the total water consumption red line does not exceed 6700 billion cubic meters in 2020, and higher requirements are put forward for the development and utilization of unconventional water sources.
China is a big agricultural country, cultivated land in China is gradually reduced due to industrial development and a traditional irrigation cultivation mode, wherein secondary salinization of agricultural cultivated land at a speed of 3% is realized due to traditional irrigation, and 18 hundred million mu cultivated land at a hosepipe at a sharps loft. Although the country expends a great amount of manpower and material resources to carry out the treatment and the reconstruction of the saline-alkali soil, the long-acting property is lacked and the effect is very little because the salt and alkali washing and discharging water generated by the treatment and the reconstruction cannot be solved.
The development of the saline-alkali water fishery not only provides a new idea for the development and utilization of unconventional water resources and the relief of water consumption contradictions, but also solves the problem of the outlet of saline-alkali water generated by saline-alkali land treatment and modification, and has important strategic significance for promoting the saline-alkali land treatment and modification process in China and promoting ecological civilization construction.
At present, the difficulty of carrying out planting and breeding operations in some saline-alkali areas (such as arid northwest areas) is large. Meanwhile, the conventional ditch is generally used for directly irrigating water into a rice field through a gap, and in the irrigation process, the fact that the water level is too high in the production period, a low-lying land cannot be planted, seedlings can easily float even if being transplanted, and roots are difficult to fix on a river bed is discovered.
In addition, for the ecological cultivation in saline-alkali areas, no mode can well combine planting with cultivation at present.
Disclosure of Invention
To the development of ecological breeding and planting in saline-alkali areas, a sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system is provided, breeding and planting can be well combined, and the specific scheme is as follows:
a sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system comprises
One end of the annular outer channel is provided with a water inlet communicated with an external water source, and the other end of the annular outer channel is provided with a water outlet communicated with an external drainage channel;
the region surrounded by the annular outer channel is divided into m x n planting regions, each planting region comprises a rice field, and a ridge, an annular ditch and a canal ridge which sequentially surround the rice field from inside to outside, an inner channel communicated with the annular outer channel is arranged between any two adjacent planting regions, and the ridge and the canal ridge are provided with water passing gate openings;
m and n are integers of 2 or more.
Further, a water source is pumped by a water pump and is conveyed to the annular outer channel through a water inlet; and/or
A water source is arranged at the position where the terrain is higher than the annular outer channel, and the water source is conveyed to the annular outer channel through a water inlet under the action of gravity.
Furthermore, at least two sides of the annular outer channel are provided with drainage channels, the annular outer channel and the drainage channels are separated by roads, and the annular outer channel is communicated with the external drainage channels through concealed pipes buried under the roads.
Furthermore, the ridge and the canal ridge of one end of each planting area communicated with the annular outer canal are provided with water passing gate openings, and the ridge and the canal ridge of one end of each planting area communicated with the inner canal are provided with water passing gate openings.
Furthermore, each rice field is 180-250m long and 80-120m wide;
taking the rice field as a reference, the ridge is 0.2-0.4m high and 0.3-0.6m wide;
the depth of the annular groove is 0.8-1.2 m;
the height of the canal ridge is 0.2-0.4m, and the width is 0.8-1.2 m;
the depth of the annular outer channel is 1.8-2.5m, and the width is 12-18 m;
the width of the inner channel is 6-10m and the depth is 1.8-2.5 m.
Further, the annular outer channel is a circular annular outer channel.
Further, the annular outer canal and the inner canal are used for fish farming.
Furthermore, a bridge is erected between two adjacent planting areas, and a bridge is erected between each road and at least one of the planting areas.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides an ecological breeding and planting method by adopting the sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system, and the sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction method comprises the following steps:
before the rice field transplanting period, an external water source is connected to deliver water to the annular outer channel, the water level of the annular outer channel is made to flow over the ridge and the rice field, salt is washed in the rice field area by salt pressing, and then the water level in the planting area is discharged below the ridge once;
during the rice transplanting, the water level is raised again, so that the water levels of the annular outer channel and the annular inner channel overflow the rice field and do not overflow the ridges of the field, and the rice field is transplanted;
during the rice field planting management period, the water level is reduced;
after the rice is harvested, water in the annular outer canal and the annular inner canal is drained in autumn and winter, and the fish is fished by pulling a net.
According to the invention, ecological breeding and planting operation can be well carried out in a saline-alkali area, two ridges are arranged at the periphery of the rice field, and a circular trench is arranged between the two ridges, so that the direct influence of canal water and a water body between the rice field can be relieved, the influence of overhigh water level on the rice field in a production period can be prevented, and fish can be prevented from entering the rice field; the drainage channel that sets up specially simultaneously can play the rice field water and get into from external water source, discharges to the drainage channel, has realized that the water in the rice field has into and has gone out, prevents that the secondary saline and alkaline of land to the protection operation soil.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic distribution of the annular outer canal, the planting area and the inner canal;
figure 3 shows a close-up view of a monolithic implantation area.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, however, the invention is capable of other embodiments in addition to those detailed.
The invention provides a sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system, which comprises:
an annular outer channel 4, one end of the annular outer channel 4 is provided with a water inlet communicated with an external water source 9, and the other end is provided with a water outlet communicated with an external drainage channel 1;
m and n are integers of 2 or more.
In the invention, a water source is pumped by a water pump and is conveyed to the annular outer channel 4 through a water inlet; and/or a water source is arranged at the position of the terrain higher than the annular outer canal 4, and the water source is conveyed to the annular outer canal 4 through a water inlet under the action of gravity.
In the present invention, at least two sides of the annular outer channel 4 are provided with the drainage channels 1, the annular outer channel 4 and the drainage channels 1 are isolated by the road 2, and the annular outer channel 4 is communicated with the outer drainage channels 1 through the concealed pipe 3 buried under the road 2.
In the invention, the ridges 6b and 6d of the various planting areas 6, which are communicated with one end of the annular outer channel 4, are provided with water passing gate openings 7, and the ridges 6b and 6d of the various planting areas 6, which are communicated with one end of the inner channel 5, are provided with water passing gate openings 7.
In the present invention, each rice field 6a is 180-250m long and 80-120m wide. Taking the rice field 6a as a reference, the ridge 6b is 0.2-0.4m high and 0.3-0.6m wide; the depth of the ring groove 6c is 0.8-1.2 m; the height of the canal ridge 6d is 0.2-0.4m, and the width is 0.8-1.2 m; the depth of the annular outer channel 4 is 1.8-2.5m, and the width is 12-18 m; the inner canal 5 is 6-10m wide and 1.8-2.5m deep.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, a single paddy field 6a is 200 m long and 100 m wide, which is too large for leveling the land, and if the land is not leveled, there will be a low-lying land, which is not good for planting the paddy field 6a, and too small waste land. A ridge 6b with the height of 30cm is arranged around the rice field 6a, the ridge 6b is 0.5 m wide, and the ridge 6b is mainly used for controlling the water level of the rice field 6 a. A small circular ditch 6c is arranged around the periphery of the ridge 6b and is 1 meter deep, the circular ditch 6c is mainly used for relieving the direct influence of water between canal water and the rice field 6a, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the water level is too high in the production period and the low-lying land can not be planted is prevented, and in addition, fish enter the rice field 6a is also prevented. The periphery of the annular trench 6c is provided with a trench ridge 6d with the height of 30cm and the width of 1 m, which is the boundary line between the annular trench 6c and the annular trench. The periphery of the canal ridge 6d is provided with an annular outer canal 4 and an inner canal 5, the canals are 2 meters deep and divided into two kinds of canals, the annular outer canal 4 at the side is 15 meters wide, and the inner canal 5 at the inner side of the middle is 8 meters wide. Crucian and carp can be cultured in the ditch.
In the invention, the annular outer canal 4 is a circular annular outer canal 4, and the planting areas in the middle are distributed in a Chinese character 'tian' shape, so that an inner canal 5 is formed between the planting areas.
In the invention, a bridge 8 is erected between two adjacent planting areas 6, and a bridge 8 is erected between each road and at least one planting area 6.
The invention also provides an ecological breeding and planting method of the sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system, and the sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction method comprises the following steps:
step S1, before the rice field 6a transplanting period, an external water source 9 is used for delivering water to the annular outer canal 4, the water level of the annular outer canal 4 is made to flow over the ridge 6b and the rice field 6a, salt pressing and washing are carried out on the rice field 6a, and then the water level in the planting area 6 is discharged below the ridge 6b at one time.
And step S2, during the rice transplanting, raising the water level again to enable the water levels of the annular outer channel 4 and the annular inner channel 5 to overflow the rice field 6a and not to overflow the ridges 6b, and transplanting rice in the rice field 6 a.
In step S3, during the rice field 6a planting management period, the water level is lowered.
Step S4, after the rice is harvested, water in the annular outer canal 4 and the annular inner canal 5 is drained in autumn and winter, and the fish is pulled to net. Wherein the cultivation density in the ring canal is 200 kg/mu.
The above description is of the preferred embodiment of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, in that devices and structures not described in detail are understood to be implemented in a manner common in the art; those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the spirit of the invention, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.
Claims (8)
1. A sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system is characterized by comprising:
one end of the annular outer channel is provided with a water inlet communicated with an external water source, and the other end of the annular outer channel is provided with a water outlet communicated with an external drainage channel;
the region surrounded by the annular outer channel is divided into m x n planting regions, each planting region comprises a rice field, and a ridge, an annular ditch and a canal ridge which sequentially surround the rice field from inside to outside, an inner channel communicated with the annular outer channel is arranged between any two adjacent planting regions, and the ridge and the canal ridge are provided with water passing gate openings;
m and n are integers greater than or equal to 2;
the annular outer canal and the inner canal are used for fish farming.
2. The sulfate type saline alkali pond construction system according to claim 1, wherein a water source is pumped by a water pump through a water inlet to an annular outer channel; and/or
A water source is arranged at the position where the terrain is higher than the annular outer channel, and the water source is conveyed to the annular outer channel through a water inlet under the action of gravity.
3. The sulfate type saline alkali pond building system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the annular outer channel is provided with drainage channels at least at both sides thereof, and the annular outer channel and the drainage channels are blocked by roads, and the annular outer channel communicates with the outer drainage channels through concealed pipes buried under the roads.
4. The sulfate type saline-alkali pond building system according to claim 1, wherein each of the planting areas opens a water passing gate opening to the ridge and the canal ridge at one end of the annular outer canal, and each of the planting areas opens a water passing gate opening to the ridge and the canal ridge at one end of the inner canal.
5. The sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the rice fields has a length of 180-250m and a width of 80-120 m;
taking the rice field as a reference, the ridge is 0.2-0.4m high and 0.3-0.6m wide;
the depth of the annular groove is 0.8-1.2 m;
the height of the canal ridge is 0.2-0.4m, and the width is 0.8-1.2 m;
the depth of the annular outer channel is 1.8-2.5m, and the width is 12-18 m;
the width of the inner channel is 6-10m and the depth is 1.8-2.5 m.
6. The sulfate type saline alkali pond construction system according to claim 1, wherein the annular outer channel is a loop-shaped annular outer channel.
7. The sulfate type saline-alkali pond building system according to claim 3, wherein a bridge is erected between two adjacent planting areas, and a bridge is erected between each road and at least one of the planting areas.
8. An ecological breeding and planting method by adopting the sulfate saline-alkali pond construction system of any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
before the rice field transplanting period, an external water source is connected to deliver water to the annular outer channel, the water level of the annular outer channel is made to flow over the ridge and the rice field, salt is washed in the rice field area by salt pressing, and then the water level in the planting area is discharged below the ridge once;
during the rice transplanting, the water level is raised again, so that the water levels of the annular outer channel and the annular inner channel overflow the rice field and do not overflow the ridges of the field, and the rice field is transplanted;
during the rice field planting management period, the water level is reduced;
after the rice is harvested, water in the annular outer canal and the annular inner canal is drained in autumn and winter, and the fish is fished by pulling a net.
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| CN201711154313.2A CN107873607B (en) | 2017-11-20 | 2017-11-20 | Sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system and ecological breeding and planting method |
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| CN201711154313.2A CN107873607B (en) | 2017-11-20 | 2017-11-20 | Sulfate type saline-alkali pond construction system and ecological breeding and planting method |
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| CN108684599A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-10-23 | 桂林市蔬菜研究所 | A kind of the breeding system and breeding method of vegetables-fish solid symbiosis |
| CN108967125A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-11 | 安徽省雷氏农业科技有限公司 | A kind of irrigation of paddy fields device and its application method |
| CN109122416A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2019-01-04 | 江苏省渔业技术推广中心 | A method of carrying out to beach saline-alkali seawater rice and the comprehensive breeding of fugu obscurus by the sea |
| CN110552336A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-12-10 | 正大农业科技(浙江)有限公司 | Large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation and route entry and drainage integrated construction method |
| CN110999587A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-14 | 宁夏广银米业有限公司 | Ecological water circulation saline-alkali soil improvement method |
| CN110839579A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-28 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Rice-fish ecological planting and breeding system and method |
| CN114467807A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-13 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Method for removing salt and reducing alkali in chloride type saline-alkali pond |
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| CN106212336A (en) * | 2016-07-31 | 2016-12-14 | 贵州大学 | A kind of mountain area rice field fish culture water level management method and Field structure |
| CN106069955A (en) * | 2016-07-31 | 2016-11-09 | 贵州大学 | A kind of field, mountain area rice fish mutualism cultural method and Field structure |
| CN206402737U (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-08-15 | 张儒甫 | A kind of intensive Paddy Field Development is arranged and environmental plant breeding model |
| CN106961864B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2019-09-10 | 河海大学 | A kind of the alkaline land improving system and its modification method of wells connecting with canals |
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