CN1078575C - 切割耐火材料的方法及所用的粉末混合物 - Google Patents
切割耐火材料的方法及所用的粉末混合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1078575C CN1078575C CN96195081A CN96195081A CN1078575C CN 1078575 C CN1078575 C CN 1078575C CN 96195081 A CN96195081 A CN 96195081A CN 96195081 A CN96195081 A CN 96195081A CN 1078575 C CN1078575 C CN 1078575C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- refractory
- oxide
- powdered mixture
- fuel pellet
- metal oxides
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical group N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012204 lemonade/lime carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001708 magnesium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
- C04B35/65—Reaction sintering of free metal- or free silicon-containing compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
- C04B35/65—Reaction sintering of free metal- or free silicon-containing compositions
- C04B35/651—Thermite type sintering, e.g. combustion sintering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
- C04B41/5029—Magnesia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/53—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone involving the removal of at least part of the materials of the treated article, e.g. etching, drying of hardened concrete
- C04B41/5392—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone involving the removal of at least part of the materials of the treated article, e.g. etching, drying of hardened concrete by burning
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/87—Ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/91—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics involving the removal of part of the materials of the treated articles, e.g. etching
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
描述了一种用于切割耐火材料结构体的方法和粉末混合物。所说的粉末混合物包括耐火金属氧化物颗粒和燃料颗粒，所说的燃料颗粒通过与氧结合放热燃烧形成耐火氧化物。所说的混合物的特点在于所说的粉末混合物中的耐火金属氧化物包括氧化钙和/或氧化镁。所说的粉末混合物能够比目前更有效地切割耐火材料结构体。
Description
本发明涉及切割耐火材料的方法，特别地但不是唯一地，涉及切割含有氧化锆的耐火材料。本发明还涉及在这种方法中使用的粉末混合物。
各种类型的耐火材料结构，例如冶金炉、焦炉和玻璃熔窑在其使用寿命内的使用过程中容易损坏。
例如，这样的损坏可能表现为一个或多个耐火砖相对于结构体结构的滑动，导致不规则的表面轮廓，或者表现为耐火材料结构的开裂。一般需要重新建立所设计的耐火材料的表面轮廓，也希望防止有问题的耐火砖的进一步滑动，并填充由于其位移或开裂留下的任何空隙。为了达到这些目的，有必要并且希望切除耐火材料结构上任何凸出的部分。此外，在滑动的砖和/或相邻的砖上切出一个键槽可能是有必要的或者是需要的，以便可以在所说的键槽内形成或插入一个键销以防止进一步滑动。此外，扩大或成形由于这样的滑动或开裂留下的任何空隙用于合适的键销的形成或插入可能是有必要的或者是需要的。这样的损坏也可能是由于耐火材料结构的材料腐蚀产生的。这样的腐蚀趋于在结构上产生不规则的表面，通常也希望在进行结构的修理之前修整所说的表面轮廓。
为了其它的目的，也可能有必要或者需要在耐火材料结构上形成一个洞或者切割耐火材料，例如从炉子外面在炉壁上形成开口。
本文所用的术语“切割”是指借助于一种工具去除耐火材料，包括切除一部分材料、在材料内形成一个洞或键槽、扩大一个洞或键槽、或制造一个通过材料的开口。该术语包括“钻孔”，指在材料内形成一个圆形的孔洞。
可以用机械的方法切割耐火材料结构，例如，用切割砂轮、钻头或其它刃具，但是这在耐火材料修理方面产生一些缺点。为了切割耐火材料并留下适于修理的表面，操作者通常不得不非常接近切割现场，这表明所说的切割现场的温度必须在操作者可以忍受的温度下保持一定的时间，以便进行切割。这又表明所说的耐火材料结构必须从其正常的运行温度或在正常的运行温度的工作周期内的温度冷却下来。而且在切割和修理后不得不重新加热。在各种类型的工业炉的情况下，为了避免由于耐火材料的收缩或膨胀导致的炉子损坏，这样的冷却和重新加热可能需要几天甚至几个星期，因此这表明炉子的生产率将受到很大的损失。
已经提出用“陶瓷焊接”技术修理耐火材料结构体。在这种技术中，在氧气的存在下，使所说的耐火材料结构体与一种粉末混合物接触，所说的粉末混合物含有耐火材料金属氧化物颗粒和燃料颗粒，燃料颗粒可以以放热的方式燃烧通过与氧结合形成耐火氧化物。氧气，通常单独作为载气把所说的粉末混合物输送到修理现场。通过这种方法，在修理现场形成耐火物。这样的陶瓷焊接的一个特别的优点是所说的修理可以在耐火材料结构体在热的状态下进行。
因此，从英国专利说明书GB1330894(Glaverbel)可知，通过在高温下，在氧气的存在下，向耐火材料表面喷射含有耐火材料颗粒和燃料颗粒的粉末混合物，可以在表面上形成耐火物，所说的燃料颗粒通过与氧结合燃烧形成耐火氧化物。所说的燃料颗粒的组成和颗粒形态应该使其以放出大量热量的方式与氧反应形成耐火氧化物，并且放出使喷射的耐火材料颗粒熔化，至少是表面熔化所需的热量。特别地，通过使用含有锆英石、氧化锆和氧化铝作为耐火材料颗粒，用硅和铝作为燃料颗粒的粉末混合物在含有氧化锆的耐火材料结构体表面形成由氧化硅、氧化锆和氧化铝组成的结合涂层。
本发明涉及在耐火材料修理操作之前的制备阶段。在其最广泛的意义上，所说的制备阶段称为“整修”，指的是本发明需要的使耐火材料表面适于修理，包括表面的清理、修平或刮削加工以及更强的切割和钻孔操作。已经设想，在类似于陶瓷焊接的方法中的耐火材料表面整修中使用可以从所说的燃料颗粒与氧之间的放出大量热量的反应和从在其工作温度下或接近工作温度应用到耐火材料结构上获得利益。
在英国专利说明书GB2213919-A(Glaverbel)中，已经提出通过使耐火材料结构体与含有燃料颗粒、耐火氧化物颗粒和助熔剂的粉末混合物接触进行耐火材料的整修。具体地，通过与含有硅和铝作为燃料颗粒、氧化锆和氧化铝作为耐火氧化物颗粒、碳酸钠作为助熔剂的粉末混合物接触，可以修整含有氧化锆的耐火材料。提出的其它助熔剂包括，在加工某些铝硅酸盐耐火材料时用碳酸钙，在加工不含氧化镁的耐火材料时用碳酸镁。
在US5100594(Glaverbel和Fosbel Inc.)中，已经提出了一种通过向耐火结构体上喷射的可燃颗粒的氧化从而产生足够热量的方法来修补耐火结构体，这种修补可以是对耐火结构体的平整化或者在其上形成耐火材料焊接物。当该方法是用于在待修补表面上形成焊接物，例如在Corhar ZACTM上使用氧化锆和氧化铝形成修补物时，氧化硅被用来填充在硅砖上产生的裂缝中，而氧化镁被用来在基体耐火砖上形成涂层。
本发明的目的是提供一种改进的方法和改进的粉末混合物用于切割耐火材料结构体。
根据本发明的第一个方面，提供一种切割耐火材料结构体的方法，即在氧气的存在下，向所说的耐火材料结构体表面喷射含有耐火的金属氧化物颗粒和燃料颗粒的粉末混合物，所说的燃料颗粒通过与氧结合放热燃烧形成耐火氧化物，特点在于所说的粉末混合物中的耐火金属氧化物包括氧化钙和/或氧化镁。
根据本发明的第二个方面，提供一种切割耐火材料结构体的粉末混合物，所说的粉末混合物包括耐火的金属氧化物颗粒和燃料颗粒，所说的燃料颗粒通过与氧结合放热燃烧形成耐火氧化物，特点在于所说的粉末混合物中的耐火的金属氧化物包括氧化钙和/或氧化镁。
所说的燃料颗粒以放热的方式进行燃烧。反应放出的热量使得所说的耐火材料结构体表面熔化。不希望局限于理论，我们相信在混合物中的氧化钙和/或氧化镁的存在可以使所说的熔融的物质流化，从而使其从被切割的表面上流走而除去。这似乎依赖于化学作用：氧化钙和/或氧化镁是碱性的，与要处理的耐火材料中的酸性相反应。
氧化钙和/或氧化镁的存在具有使所说的耐火材料在高温下能够更快地切除的优点，并且还使得能够在较低温度下更容易地切除耐火材料。例如在运行中的炉子的外表面，甚至切割室温下的耐火材料。
所说的粉末混合物优选的是同时含有氧化钙和氧化镁。所说的粉末混合物中氧化钙与氧化镁的重量比优选的是在5∶1和0.4∶1之间，最优选的是在2.5∶1和0.75∶1之间。氧化钙和氧化镁混合物的一个特别有用的来源是煅烧白云石，煅烧复碳酸盐白云石得到的产物，近似分子式为CaO·MgO，Ca∶Mg的摩尔比约为1∶1，即重量比约为1.39∶1。在处理玻璃熔窑窑壁时，使用煅烧白云石是特别有利的，因为这种材料不合引起熔窑内的玻璃组合物的污染，这是由于这种玻璃组合物，例如在钠钙硅玻璃的情况下，已经含有氧化钙和氧化镁。
所说的载气优选的是不含有可燃的气态物质。所说的燃料颗粒可以选自铝、镁、硅、锆的颗粒及其混合物，特别是铝和硅的混合物。
优选的组合物，同时含有氧化钙和氧化镁，可能还含有选自氧化铝、氧化硅、氧化锆及其混合物的颗粒耐火材料。但是，最优选的是所说的粉末混合物基本由氧化钙、氧化镁、铝和硅组成。
所说的粉末混合物可以含有70重量％～90重量％的耐火金属氧化物颗粒、10重量％～30重量％的燃料颗粒。
优选的是所说的粉末混合物中的燃料颗粒的平均尺寸小于50μm。这里所用的“平均尺寸”是指50重量％的颗粒具有小于该平均值的尺寸。
一种使所说的粉末混合物与要切除的耐火材料结构体接触的有用的技术是与载气一起向要切除的耐火材料结构体喷射所说的粉末混合物。一般来说，推荐的是在高浓度氧的存在下进行颗粒的喷射，例如，用工业纯的氧气作为载气。因为燃料颗粒燃烧可以达到非常高的温度，它可以穿透在要处理的耐火材料结构体表面上可能存在的杂质，并且可以软化或熔化所说的表面。氧化钙和/或氧化镁的存在，与表面上的物质或粘附在表面上的物质一起产生一种容易除去的液相。
根据本发明，进行切割的工具是向切割位置送入所说的粉末混合物和氧气的装置。这样的装置通常是喷枪。合适的喷枪包括一个或多个卸出粉料流的出口，任选的是带有一个或多个辅助气体出口。在热的环境下进行该过程时，所说的气流可以从喷枪中排出，所说的喷枪用通过其循环的流体冷却。通过为所说的喷枪提供水套可以容易地进行这样的冷却。
为了促进规则的粉末射流的形成，所说的耐火材料颗粒优选的是基本不含颗粒尺寸大于4mm的颗粒，最优选的是不大于2.5mm。
要切割的耐火材料结构体可以是形成玻璃熔窑部分窑壁的含铬耐火材料，虽然本发明也可以应用于任何耐火材料结构体。特别地，本发明可以应用于在氧化硅基耐火材料、氧化铝耐火材料或莫来石和粘土质耐火材料中切割或钻孔。
在用本发明的方法在给定的材料上形成孔洞时，向所说的耐火材料表面送入粉末材料所需的速率取决于温度和必须流出孔洞的熔融材料的粘度。一般来说，所需的送入速率小于进行陶瓷焊接修理所需的速率，一般在约10～30kg/h。
在下面的非限制性实施例中将更详细地描述本发明。
实施例1
制备具有下列组成的两种粉末混合物(重量％)：
| 配料 | 平均尺寸(μm) | 实施例1 | 实施例1A |
| 氧化钙# | 150 | 0 | 80％ |
| 烧结的煅烧白云石 | 500 | 80％ | 0％ |
| 硅 | 5 | 14％ | 14％ |
| 铝 | 6 | 6％ | 6％ |
#所说的氧化锆是含有其重量约为4.5％的氧化钙的稳定氧化锆。
所说的硅和铝燃料颗粒的名义最大颗粒尺寸小于45μm。
这些粉末能很好地适用于在耐火材料上形成孔洞。在本实施例中，每种粉末用于在(a)用ZAC(商标)制成的含氧化锆耐火材料结构体上形成50mm深的孔，所说的ZAC的组成约为10～15％的氧化硅、40～55％的氧化铝和30～45％的氧化锆，(b)在硅砖上形成50mm深的孔。
把分散在载气中的颗粒混合物以约15kg/h的用量，用氧气作为载气，从喷枪中喷出。所说的砖的温度约为1300℃。
测得形成所说的孔需要的时间(以秒计)为下列结果：
| 耐火材料结构体 | 实施例1 | 实施例1A |
| ZAC | 50 | 95 |
| 硅砖 | 113 | 300 |
在室温下用这些耐火材料结构体重复所说的实验。在这种情况下，用实施例1A的组合物在这两种耐火材料结构体上形成所说的孔是不可能的，因为不能形成具有足够流动性的物质，而用实施例1的粉末在这两种耐火材料结构体上可能形成所说的孔。
实施例2
用实施例1的粉末混合物在1000℃的温度下形成通过50mm厚的莫来石砖的孔。同样用氧气作为载气以约15kg/h的流量从喷枪中喷射所说的混合物，需要90秒穿透所说的砖。
Claims (11)
1.一种在氧气存在下，通过向耐火材料结构体表面喷射一种包括耐火金属氧化物颗粒和燃料颗粒的粉末混合物切割耐火材料结构体的方法，所说的燃料颗粒通过与氧结合放热燃烧形成耐火氧化物，其特征在于所说的粉末混合物包括70-90％重量的耐火金属氧化物和10-30％重量的平均尺寸小于50μm的燃料颗粒，其中所述耐火金属氧化物包括氧化镁和氧化钙，所述燃料颗粒选自硅，铝，镁，锆及其混合物。
2.一种根据权利要求1的方法，其中，氧化钙与氧化镁的重量比在5∶1～0.4∶1之间。
3.一种根据权利要求2的方法，其中，所说的耐火金属氧化物颗粒中含有煅烧白云石。
4.一种根据上述权利要求的任一个的方法，其中，要切割的耐火材料结构体在高温下。
5.一种根据权利要求4的方法，其中，所说的高温为600℃以上。
6.一种根据权利要求1的方法，其中，要切割的耐火材料结构体包括形成玻璃熔窑部分窑壁的含氧化锆耐火材料。
7.一种用于切割耐火材料结构的粉末混合物，所说的粉末混合物包括耐火金属氧化物颗粒和燃料颗粒，所说的燃料颗粒通过与氧结合放热燃烧形成耐火氧化物，其特征在于所说的粉末混合物包括70-90％重量的耐火金属氧化物和10-30％重量的平均尺寸小于50μm的燃料颗粒，其中所述耐火金属氧化物包括氧化镁和氧化钙，所述燃料颗粒选自硅，铝，镁，锆及其混合物。
8.一种根据权利要求7的粉末混合物，其中，氧化钙对氧化镁的重量比在5∶1-0.4∶1之间。
9.一种根据权利要求8的粉末混合物，其中，所说的耐火金属氧化物颗粒含有煅烧白云石。
10.一种根据权利要求7的粉末混合物，其中，所说的燃料颗粒由铝和硅的混合物组成。
11.一种根据权利要求7的粉末混合物，其中，所说的耐火金属氧化物颗粒还含有选自氧化铝、氧化硅、氧化锆及其混合物的耐火材料颗粒。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9513126.4A GB9513126D0 (en) | 1995-06-28 | 1995-06-28 | A method of dressing refractory material bodies and a powder mixture for use therein |
| GB9513126.4 | 1995-06-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1189146A CN1189146A (zh) | 1998-07-29 |
| CN1078575C true CN1078575C (zh) | 2002-01-30 |
Family
ID=10776780
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96195081A Expired - Fee Related CN1078575C (zh) | 1995-06-28 | 1996-06-19 | 切割耐火材料的方法及所用的粉末混合物 |
Country Status (29)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5961371A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0835231B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3843129B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR19990008175A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1078575C (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR002625A1 (zh) |
| AT (1) | AT406475B (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU699796B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9608947A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2223530C (zh) |
| CH (1) | CH690681A5 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE19681547B4 (zh) |
| DZ (1) | DZ2058A1 (zh) |
| EG (1) | EG20971A (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2137003T3 (zh) |
| FI (1) | FI974415A (zh) |
| GB (2) | GB9513126D0 (zh) |
| GR (1) | GR3031315T3 (zh) |
| LU (1) | LU90168B1 (zh) |
| MY (1) | MY120103A (zh) |
| PE (1) | PE11897A1 (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL324210A1 (zh) |
| RO (1) | RO116475B1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2155174C2 (zh) |
| SE (1) | SE513125C2 (zh) |
| TR (1) | TR199701698T1 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW346537B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1997001516A1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA965454B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1017675A3 (fr) * | 2007-07-05 | 2009-03-03 | Fib Services Internat | Melange sec pour le traitement de substrats refractaires et procede le mettant en oeuvre. |
| JP5436498B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-20 | 2014-03-05 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 熱処理炉用不定形耐火物およびその炉の内張り構造 |
| ES2542479B1 (es) * | 2015-06-02 | 2016-02-16 | Antonio Javier ALOS GIL | Procedimiento de tratamiento del revestimiento refractario en hornos monoestrato de rodillos cerámicos, y producto base en polvo empleado. |
| KR102566415B1 (ko) * | 2016-10-17 | 2023-08-14 | 한화오션 주식회사 | 강재 절단 방법 |
| CN112143539B (zh) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-11-15 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 用于氧气烧割的助燃剂以及对金属板进行氧气烧割的方法 |
| EP4084930A1 (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2022-11-09 | Cold Jet LLC | Method and apparatus for enhanced blast stream |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3800983A (en) * | 1969-11-04 | 1974-04-02 | Glaverbel | Apparatus for forming refractory masses |
| US4096004A (en) * | 1976-07-19 | 1978-06-20 | Bate Michael D | Repair composition for steelmaking furnaces and the like |
| US5002910A (en) * | 1987-12-17 | 1991-03-26 | Glaverbel | Particulate composition for surface treatment of refractories |
| US5100594A (en) * | 1988-07-26 | 1992-03-31 | Glaverbel | Ceramic repair |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE757466A (zh) * | 1969-11-04 | 1971-04-14 | Glaverbel | |
| GB2154228B (en) * | 1981-11-25 | 1986-04-23 | Glaverbel | Composition of matter for use in forming refractory masses in situ |
| DE3802042A1 (de) * | 1988-01-25 | 1989-07-27 | Thera Ges Fuer Patente | Verfahren zur vorbereitung einer substratoberflaeche fuer die verbindung mit kunststoff durch aufbringen einer siliciumhaltigen schicht und verwendung von siliciumhaltigem material |
| US4888313A (en) * | 1988-05-05 | 1989-12-19 | Ceramics Process Systems Corporation | Refractory ceramics for contact with molten metal |
| US5202090A (en) * | 1988-07-26 | 1993-04-13 | Glaverbel | Apparatus for ceramic repair |
| US5013499A (en) * | 1988-10-11 | 1991-05-07 | Sudamet, Ltd. | Method of flame spraying refractory material |
| GB8916951D0 (en) * | 1989-07-25 | 1989-09-13 | Glaverbel | Ceramic welding process and powder mixture for use in the same |
| LU87602A1 (fr) * | 1989-10-05 | 1991-05-07 | Glaverbel | Procede de formation d'une masse refractaire et lance de projection d'un melange de particules |
| US5069004A (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1991-12-03 | Gillenwater R Lee | Abrasive engraving process |
| GB9113365D0 (en) * | 1991-06-20 | 1991-08-07 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Improvements in or relating to ceramic welding |
| GB9113369D0 (en) * | 1991-06-20 | 1991-08-07 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Improvements in or relating to ceramic welding |
| LU87969A1 (fr) * | 1991-07-03 | 1993-02-15 | Glaverbel | Procede et melange destine a former une masse refractaire coherente sur une surface |
| US5686028A (en) * | 1991-07-03 | 1997-11-11 | Glaverbel | Process for forming a coherent refractory mass on a surface |
| GB2269223B (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1996-03-06 | Fosbel Int Ltd | Surface treatment of refractories |
| GB2284415B (en) * | 1993-12-01 | 1998-01-07 | Glaverbel | A method and powder mixture for repairing oxide based refractory bodies |
| GB9324655D0 (en) * | 1993-12-01 | 1994-01-19 | Glaverbel | A method and powder mixture for repairing oxide based refractory bodies |
| US5733174A (en) * | 1994-01-07 | 1998-03-31 | Lockheed Idaho Technologies Company | Method and apparatus for cutting, abrading, and drilling with sublimable particles and vaporous liquids |
| TW277020B (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1996-06-01 | Richihil Kk | Separating device of blasting particle |
| JP3086784B2 (ja) * | 1996-08-19 | 2000-09-11 | 株式会社不二製作所 | ブラスト加工方法及び装置 |
-
1995
- 1995-06-28 GB GBGB9513126.4A patent/GB9513126D0/en active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-06-14 TW TW085107164A patent/TW346537B/zh active
- 1996-06-19 MY MYPI96002475A patent/MY120103A/en unknown
- 1996-06-19 WO PCT/BE1996/000063 patent/WO1997001516A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-06-19 RO RO97-02125A patent/RO116475B1/ro unknown
- 1996-06-19 PL PL96324210A patent/PL324210A1/xx unknown
- 1996-06-19 CN CN96195081A patent/CN1078575C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-19 TR TR97/01698T patent/TR199701698T1/xx unknown
- 1996-06-19 US US08/983,336 patent/US5961371A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-19 JP JP50405197A patent/JP3843129B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-19 CH CH00015/98A patent/CH690681A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-19 AU AU61170/96A patent/AU699796B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-06-19 DE DE19681547T patent/DE19681547B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-19 KR KR1019970707700A patent/KR19990008175A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-06-19 BR BR9608947A patent/BR9608947A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1996-06-19 ES ES96918534T patent/ES2137003T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-19 GB GB9720232A patent/GB2314559B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-19 RU RU98101252/03A patent/RU2155174C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-19 EP EP96918534A patent/EP0835231B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-19 AT AT0905996A patent/AT406475B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-19 CA CA002223530A patent/CA2223530C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-25 PE PE1996000478A patent/PE11897A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-06-26 DZ DZ960102A patent/DZ2058A1/fr active
- 1996-06-27 EG EG59396A patent/EG20971A/xx active
- 1996-06-27 AR ARP960103360A patent/AR002625A1/es unknown
- 1996-06-27 ZA ZA965454A patent/ZA965454B/xx unknown
-
1997
- 1997-11-12 LU LU90168A patent/LU90168B1/fr active
- 1997-11-27 SE SE9704371A patent/SE513125C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-04 FI FI974415A patent/FI974415A/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-09-22 GR GR990402415T patent/GR3031315T3/el unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3800983A (en) * | 1969-11-04 | 1974-04-02 | Glaverbel | Apparatus for forming refractory masses |
| US4096004A (en) * | 1976-07-19 | 1978-06-20 | Bate Michael D | Repair composition for steelmaking furnaces and the like |
| US5002910A (en) * | 1987-12-17 | 1991-03-26 | Glaverbel | Particulate composition for surface treatment of refractories |
| US5100594A (en) * | 1988-07-26 | 1992-03-31 | Glaverbel | Ceramic repair |
Also Published As
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4920084A (en) | Forming refractory masses and composition of matter for use in forming such refractory masses | |
| EP2167434B1 (en) | Azs refractory composition | |
| KR101552717B1 (ko) | 유리 용융로를 위한 내화성 조성물 | |
| US5002805A (en) | Process of surface treatment of refractories and coating | |
| US20090324919A1 (en) | Layers or coatings which are stable at high temperatures and composition for producing them | |
| EP0773203A1 (en) | Glazing layer forming composition for hot coating of oven refractory and method of forming glazing layer | |
| EP0830330B1 (en) | A process for forming a refractory repair mass | |
| CN1082497C (zh) | 形成耐火修补料的方法 | |
| CN1078575C (zh) | 切割耐火材料的方法及所用的粉末混合物 | |
| KR20190047485A (ko) | 고내열성 세라믹 코팅 조성물 | |
| CN1088826C (zh) | 用于修补氧化物基耐火体的方法及粉末混合物 | |
| EP1292550B1 (en) | Process for forming a vitreous layer on a refractory surface | |
| US20100196609A1 (en) | Dry Mix for Treating Refractory Substrates and Process Using Same | |
| KR100196061B1 (ko) | 세라믹 용접방법 | |
| CN1265161A (zh) | 火焰熔融喷敷修补用粉状混合物 | |
| US5700309A (en) | Method and powder mixture for repairing oxide based refractory bodies | |
| MXPA97010052A (en) | Cutting refractory material | |
| JP2004196637A (ja) | 廃棄物溶融炉用不定形耐火物およびそれを内張りした廃棄物溶融炉 | |
| GB2284415A (en) | Repairing oxide based refractory bodies | |
| AU2001273740A1 (en) | Process for forming a vitreous layer on a refractory surface | |
| JPS61146771A (ja) | 高炉補修用吹付材 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: FOSBEL INTELLECTUAL AG Free format text: FORMER OWNER: GLAVERBEL Effective date: 20020809 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20020809 Address after: Swiss hole Patentee after: Fossborough Intelligence AG Address before: Brussels Patentee before: Glaverbel |
|
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: HEIJAB CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: FOSBEL INTELLECTUAL AG Effective date: 20050304 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee |
Owner name: FOSBELL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME OR ADDRESS: HEIJAB CO., LTD. |
|
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: British Bermingham Patentee after: FOSBEL INTELLECTUAL Ltd. Address before: British Bermingham Patentee before: Hegbo Ltd. |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20050304 Address after: British Bermingham Patentee after: Hegbo Ltd. Address before: Swiss hole Patentee before: Fossborough Intelligence AG |
|
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20020130 Termination date: 20120619 |