CN107848735A - 测力传感器 - Google Patents

测力传感器 Download PDF

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CN107848735A
CN107848735A CN201680040913.3A CN201680040913A CN107848735A CN 107848735 A CN107848735 A CN 107848735A CN 201680040913 A CN201680040913 A CN 201680040913A CN 107848735 A CN107848735 A CN 107848735A
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force cell
jacking equipment
force
cable
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拉斐尔·冈萨雷斯·盖乐葛斯
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Dinacell Electronica SL
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F10/00Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins
    • E04F10/02Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins of flexible canopy materials, e.g. canvas ; Baldachins
    • E04F10/06Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins of flexible canopy materials, e.g. canvas ; Baldachins comprising a roller-blind with means for holding the end away from a building
    • E04F10/0637Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins of flexible canopy materials, e.g. canvas ; Baldachins comprising a roller-blind with means for holding the end away from a building with mechanisms for adjusting the inclination of the blind
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/04Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
    • G01L5/10Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using electrical means
    • G01L5/101Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using electrical means using sensors inserted into the flexible member
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/34Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
    • B66B1/3476Load weighing or car passenger counting devices
    • B66B1/3484Load weighing or car passenger counting devices using load cells
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/14Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions in case of excessive loads
    • B66B5/145Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions in case of excessive loads electrical
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01GWEIGHING
    • G01G19/00Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
    • G01G19/14Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing suspended loads
    • G01G19/18Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing suspended loads having electrical weight-sensitive devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01GWEIGHING
    • G01G3/00Weighing apparatus characterised by the use of elastically-deformable members, e.g. spring balances
    • G01G3/12Weighing apparatus characterised by the use of elastically-deformable members, e.g. spring balances wherein the weighing element is in the form of a solid body stressed by pressure or tension during weighing
    • G01G3/14Weighing apparatus characterised by the use of elastically-deformable members, e.g. spring balances wherein the weighing element is in the form of a solid body stressed by pressure or tension during weighing measuring variations of electrical resistance
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/22Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/04Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
    • G01L5/06Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using mechanical means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Force In General (AREA)
  • Building Awnings And Sunshades (AREA)

Abstract

一种适于对升降设备的支撑线缆中的张力进行测量的测力传感器,所述测力传感器(11)包括:第一主体(12),与所述升降设备的支撑结构机械接触;第二主体(13),与所述升降设备的支撑装置机械接触;公母球窝接头类型的对接装置,将所述第一主体(12)的一个端部与所述第二主体(13)的相应端部机械地连接;以及用于在所述测力传感器(11)受到压缩应力时对所述测力传感器的所述第二主体(13)施加在所述第一主体(12)上的变形进行测量的装置。

Description

测力传感器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于测量升降设备的支撑线缆的负载的测力传感器。
背景技术
众所周知,升降设备采用线缆悬挂配置,由此执行车辆的支撑和升降移动。车辆负载传递到设施的线缆上,从而对线缆施加与车辆重量成比例的力;由于支撑的关键功能以及线缆松动或劣化而造成的风险,所述线缆必须以非常精确的张力进行调节,并且必须严格控制设施情况的维护。
升降设备配有一个或多个用于测量支撑线缆中的张力的测力传感器。由于操作本身、摩擦、设置的变化、机构的连接等,实际操作中必须由支撑线缆承受的负载发生波动。
测力传感器包括但不限于用于执行重量测量的应变仪。应变仪对负载造成的测力传感器的变形程度进行测量。
通过在设备启动之前测量线缆、支撑绳索或结构上的力,测力传感器对升降设备中的负载进行测量或称重,以防止升降设备的移动超过最大或已建立的限制。
升降设备重量正被测量的升降设备内的负载分布易于或可能相对于用于将测力传感器固定到升降设备的结构的一装置而倾斜,从而向测力传感器传递楔入作用。也就是说,升降设备相对于测力传感器的支撑发生倾斜或具有倾斜的潜在风险,导致悬挂元件中的附加过载,这可能对升降设备的机构造成故障、不便或者甚至损坏。
发明内容
本发明试图通过如在权利要求书中限定的测力传感器来解决上述一个或多个缺点。
一个方面是提供用于在升降设备中称重的测力传感器,所述测力传感器包括第一主体,其包括用于在同一测力传感器受到压缩应力时对所述测力传感器的变形进行测量的装置;第二主体,通过公母球窝接头机械地对接;即,所述第一主体的一个端部包括凹座或凸座,所述凹座或凸座用作位于所述第二主体的相应端部处的凸状或凹状突起的外壳。
公母球窝接头允许测力传感器一旦组装到工作位置后就通过执行多方向对准移动而自行对齐,以防止由于测力传感器的组件错位或在升降设备垂直移动其负载时可能发生的错位而向测力传感器传递静态楔入应力。
随着测力传感器对所有类型的应力的阻力增加,消除了测力传感器的弯曲可能引起的与疲劳相关的任何问题,测力传感器具有更长的使用寿命。除了在升降设备启动和加速过程中发生的过载之外,其对车辆或平台楔入造成的过载更有阻力。
因此,测力传感器仅受到压缩应力。这就增加了测力传感器的安全性,而不需要为了大负载而增加测力传感器的尺寸。
测力传感器在离第一主体最远和离第二主体最远的端部之间具有柱状配置。
所述用于对所述测力传感器的变形进行测量的装置包括至少一个变形传感器,或者在适用的情况下,包括放置在第一主体上的应变仪,以便在升降设备上沉积负载(包括起重车或平台的重量或皮重)时更好地检测测力传感器的变形。
测力传感器由具有高机械阻力的材料制成,并且可以放置在支撑线缆或绳索的扎匝上,以便能够对每个扎匝进行单独的测量和控制。
附图说明
在以下基于附图的描述中给出了根据本发明实施例的设备的更详细的解释,其中:
图1示出了用于对升降设备的支撑线缆中的张力进行测量的测力传感器的第一主体和第二主体的立体图;
图2示出了测力传感器的横截面的立视图;和
图3示出了用于测力传感器的不同类型公母球窝接头的截面的立视图。
具体实施方式
关于图1和图2,其示出了用于对升降设备的每个支撑线缆中的张力进行测量的测力传感器11。
支撑线缆与牵引单元机械地连接,使得测力传感器受到压缩,从而承受支撑线缆的应力,以便直接测量线缆的张力。
公母球窝接头。这种通过铰接球将分段对接的系统使得可以吸收两个相邻表面之间的错位,从而防止显著的扭矩负载。
测力传感器11包括第一主体12和与支撑结构机械接触的第二主体13,其中第一主体12包括用于在测力传感器11受到压缩应力时对所述测力传感器的变形进行测量的装置,第二主体13与升降设备的支撑线缆的末端相配合,使得支撑线缆沿着沿测力传感器11的旋转轴线而限定的直通圆柱形空腔21延伸,其中支撑线缆整体穿过测力传感器11,如图2所示。因此,支撑线缆穿过测力传感器11的第一主体12和第二主体13;因此,第一主体12和第二主体13通过成为受到压缩的公母球窝接头而机械地连接;即,第一主体12的一个端部包括凹座14,凹座14用作位于第二主体的相应端部处的凸状突起15的外壳,或者反之亦然,第一主体12的端部是凸状的并且第二主体的端部具有相应的凹状。
支撑线缆的末端从第二主体13的平坦上侧突出。第一主体12的平坦下侧与支撑结构的平坦固定表面物理接触,使得在压缩应力下,测力传感器11的第二主体13倾向于朝向支撑结构的平坦固定表面移动。第一主体12与第二主体13之间的公母球窝接头在测力传感器上均匀地分布负载和压缩应力,第一主体12被压缩在第二主体13与支撑结构的平坦固定表面之间。测力传感器11中包括的变形装置对测力传感器11的第一主体12所经受的压缩进行测量。
凸状突起15从第二主体13的端部露出以机械地连接到第一主体12的相应端部的凹座14上,以便为测力传感器11提供一定的横向移动性,并因此防止测力传感器11中出现对准误差或未对准或倾斜,从而防止传递楔入应力。
关于图3,公母球窝接头可以是径向球窝型;角接触球窝接头型,其中滑动表面相对于球窝接头的轴线倾斜一定角度;轴向球窝接头型,在突起15中具有球形表面并且在座14上具有中空且相等的球形表面;或相似类型。
测力传感器11整体具有平行六面体或细长圆柱形状,并且由具有高机械阻力的材料制成。
测力传感器11能够检测由施加在其上的压缩力所引起的变形,并且根据所述力生成可以向包括数据处理单元的数据控制和处理中心发送的信号以提供相当于所检测到的力的值。
因此,测力传感器11以直接方式不断地测量线缆中张力的力,使得可以精确地调节并控制所述张力,同时还指示当测力传感器11本身位于线缆扎匝上时支撑线缆扎匝的行为。
在扎匝包括减振弹簧的情况下(升降设备的支撑线缆扎匝通常是这样的情况),测力传感器11可以放置在其上支撑有支撑线缆的弹簧和支撑结构之间,使得线缆的拉伸强度施加到弹簧上并且弹簧将其传递给测力传感器11。
测力传感器11的配置能够在相当大的负载下实现比其它类型的测力传感器高得多的阻力。这是由于其自身的几何形状以及测力传感器11具有一定的横向移动性以防止可能导致过载和材料疲劳的楔入应力、不对齐或倾斜的这一事实。这种疲劳可能导致测力传感器11破裂,这是特别危险的。
过载可能引起测力传感器11的变形,并因此导致错误的负载测量。选择具有高阻力以及前述几何形状的材料来制造测力传感器使这种风险最小化。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于测量升降设备的支撑线缆中的张力的测力传感器,其特征在于,所述测力传感器(11)包括与所述升降设备的支撑结构机械接触的第一主体(12),所述第一主体(12)包括用于对所述测力传感器(11)的第二主体(13)所施加的变形进行测量的装置,其中所述第一主体(12)的一个端部和所述第二主体(13)的相应端部通过公母球窝接头机械地对接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的测力传感器,其中所述第一主体(12)的一个端部包括凹座(14),所述凹座(14)用作位于所述第二主体(13)的相应端部处的凸状突起(15)的外壳。
3.根据权利要求1所述的测力传感器,其中所述第一主体(12)的一个端部包括凸座(14),所述凸座(14)用作位于所述第二主体(13)的相应端部处的凹状突起(15)的外壳。
4.根据权利要求1所述的测力传感器,其中所述公母球窝接头为径向球窝接头型、角接触球窝接头型、轴向球窝接头型或相似类型。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的测力传感器,其中所述测力传感器(11)配置成安装在所述支撑线缆所在的弹簧和所述升降设备的支撑结构之间。
CN201680040913.3A 2015-07-10 2016-07-07 测力传感器 Pending CN107848735A (zh)

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