CN107824199A - 醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000006709 oxidative esterification reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004042 HAuCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate group Chemical group [N+](=O)([O-])[O-] NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 abstract 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 56
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxocobaltiooxy)cobalt Chemical compound O=[Co]O[Co]=O UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910003158 γ-Al2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- STNJBCKSHOAVAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrolein Chemical compound CC(=C)C=O STNJBCKSHOAVAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DQMUQFUTDWISTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[O-2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[O-2] Chemical compound O.[O-2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[O-2] DQMUQFUTDWISTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical class [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical class [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical class [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical class [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical class [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BXJPTTGFESFXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(3+);trinitrate Chemical class [Y+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O BXJPTTGFESFXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical class [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002588 FeOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropylaldehyde Chemical compound CC(C)C=O AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJUCACGNNJFHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C1N[ClH](=O)NC2=C1NC(=O)N2 Chemical compound O=C1N[ClH](=O)NC2=C1NC(=O)N2 SJUCACGNNJFHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxyl Chemical compound O[O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- UYLYBEXRJGPQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;oxido(dioxo)niobium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O UYLYBEXRJGPQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/8933—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/894—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
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Abstract
本发明涉及化工催化技术领域,具体涉及一种醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂及其制备方法和应用。所述的磁性纳米金催化剂以Au为活性组分,以CeaFebXcO2固溶体为载体,Au的负载量占Au和CeaFebXcO2固溶体总质量的0.1‑2wt.%;CeaFebXcO2固溶体中,0<a<1,0<b<1,0≤c<1,且a+b+c=1,X为Co、Ni、Zr、Mn、Y、La、Cu或Zn。本发明中醛的转化率为97.5‑99.9%,酯的选择性为97.3‑99.0%,具有操作简单,转化率较高,产物选择性较好的特点,并且催化剂回收简便,大大提高了反应的稳定性和工艺经济性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化工催化技术领域,具体涉及一种醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
酯类化合物是一种重要的化工和有机合成中间体,传统的合成方法是首先由醛或醇氧化制备酸或酸的衍生物,然后将酸或酸的衍生物进行酯化,但该制备工艺复杂,而且过程中产生许多有毒副产物。
1970年以来已经有多项专利涉及醛一步氧化酯化生成酯的催化剂,如JP20000154164,JP2003192632,JP2003361086中涉及的金系催化剂;JP-B-4-72578,JP-A-61-243044,US4638085 中涉及的钯系催化剂。日本专利JP2005008557中提到采用Au催化剂催化甲基丙烯醛一步氧化酯化合成酯的反应,反应的转化率仅为32.8%,其转化率较低,无法实现工业化生产。
上述专利中的催化剂在反应过程中产生大量副产物,具有容易失活,回收操作复杂,反应速度慢,转化率低等缺点。
中国专利CN101618328A公开一种负载型纳米金催化剂及其制备方法。该负载型纳米金催化剂由活性组分纳米金、助剂和γ-Al2O3载体组成。其制备方法包括γ-Al2O3载体改性、纳米金活性组分浸渍、还原、洗涤、干燥。该专利以γ-Al2O3载体,用于微量一氧化碳的转化,虽然含有Fe2O3、MnO2、CuO、Co2O3、CeO2或NiO等助剂,但是其载体的成分与Fe2O3、 MnO2、CuO、Co2O3、CeO2、NiO作用及含量与本发明有本质的区别。
中国专利CN103801326A公开一种负载型纳米金催化剂及其制备方法。该负载型纳米金催化剂的制备方法包括在沉积沉淀的条件下,将载体与四氯金酸水溶液在旋转蒸发仪中接触,得到含有固体沉淀物的混合液,然后蒸发除去水,并依次干燥、煅烧得到的固体。该负载型纳米金催化的载体为羟基氧化铁、三氧化二铁、氧化铈和铌酸钠。该专利中以羟基氧化铁、三氧化二铁、氧化铈作为载体,其载体的碱性较弱,且提供的活性氧的数量较少,不利于反应进行。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂,反应速度快,转化率高,选择性好,且催化剂回收简便;本发明同时提供其制备方法和应用。
本发明所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂,以Au为活性组分,以 CeaFebXcO2固溶体为载体,Au的负载量占Au和CeaFebXcO2固溶体总质量的0.1-2wt.%;CeaFebXcO2固溶体中,0<a<1,0<b<1,0≤c<1,且a+b+c=1,X为Co、Ni、Zr、Mn、Y、 La、Cu或Zn。
本发明所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)CeaFebXcO2固溶体的制备
将铈、铁、X的可溶性盐溶于水中,加入氢氧化钠溶液,水热反应,离心得到固体,干燥,煅烧,得到CeaFebXcO2固溶体;
(2)磁性纳米金催化剂的制备
在HAuCl4水溶液中依次加入保护剂、还原剂,再加入步骤(1)得到的CeaFebXcO2固溶体,得到磁性纳米金催化剂。
其中:
步骤(1)中,铈、铁、X摩尔数之和与氢氧化钠的摩尔数之比为1:100-200。
步骤(1)中,可溶性盐为硝酸盐、盐酸盐或硫酸盐。
步骤(1)中,水热反应温度为100-200℃,水热反应时间为20-28h;干燥温度为50-100℃,干燥时间为10-14h;煅烧温度为350-450℃,煅烧时间为2-6h。
步骤(2)中,加入步骤(1)得到的CeaFebXcO2固溶体后,再经调节pH值,室温搅拌,过滤,洗涤,干燥,焙烧,得到磁性纳米金催化剂。
步骤(2)中,保护剂为PVA,还原剂为NaBH4;PVA与Au的质量比为1:2,NaBH4与 Au的摩尔比为5:1。
步骤(2)中,采用HCl溶液调节pH值为4-6。
步骤(2)中,室温搅拌时间为0.5-1.5h,干燥温度为50-100℃,干燥时间为10-14h;焙烧温度为250-300℃,焙烧时间为2-6h。
本发明所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的应用:在0.1-0.5MPa氧气存在下,将磁性纳米金催化剂加入醛类、醇类溶液中,加热回流。
所述的醛类可以是甲基丙烯醛、丙烯醛、异丁醛。
本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明采用以磁性CeaFebXcO2固溶体为载体,掺杂铁原子进入氧化铈晶格后,不仅可以使催化剂回收方便、再利用,而且可以提高载体的碱性和活性氧含量,有利于载体对反应底物的吸附,有利于催化剂中纳米金对氧的分解能力,提高了催化剂的性能。
另外,本发明通过控制水热反应温度来制备不同形貌的磁性CeaFebXcO2固溶体载体,如立方、棒状、颗粒状,其表面氧空穴较多,增加了活性氧的数量。将纳米金负载到磁性CeaFebXcO2固溶体上,增强了催化剂载体的负载能力,改善了催化剂的反应性能,提高了催化剂的催化活性。特别是CeaFebXcO2固溶体载体添加的X,其与铁原子共同作用,使得载体的碱性和活性氧含量进一步提高,也进一步提高了醛的转化率和酯的选择性。相对于CeaFebO2固溶体,其醛的转化率、酯的选择性分别提高2%左右、1%左右。
本发明中醛的转化率为97.5-99.9%,酯的选择性为97.3-99.0%,具有操作简单,转化率较高,产物选择性较好的特点,并且催化剂回收简便,大大提高了反应的稳定性和工艺经济性。
附图说明
图1是实施例4中的磁性纳米金催化剂的扫描电镜图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步描述。
实施例1
所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)棒状Ce0.66Fe0.34O2固溶体的制备
将1.74g硝酸铈、0.92g硝酸铁溶于20ml水中,加入54g氢氧化钠与140g水配置的氢氧化钠溶液,将混合溶液放入200ml的聚四氟内衬的水热釜中,100℃下水热反应24h,然后经过离心,洗涤,将得到的固体在80℃下干燥12h,再于400℃下煅烧4h,得到棒状Ce0.66Fe0.34O2固溶体;
(2)磁性纳米金催化剂的制备
采用溶胶沉淀的方法制备,以PVA为保护剂,以NaBH4为还原剂。搅拌下,向1×10- 4mol/L HAuCl4水溶液中加入1wt.%PVA水溶液,使得PVA/Au(wt/wt)=0.5:1,搅拌5分钟后,加入 0.1mol/L NaBH4水溶液,成为酒红色液体,其中,NaBH4/Au(mol/mol)=5:1。搅拌半个小时后,加入步骤(1)得到的Ce0.66Fe0.34O2固溶体。用0.1mol/L HCl调节溶液pH值到5,在室温下搅拌1h,然后用去离子水洗涤过滤,直至溶液中没有残留的Cl-,将得到固体在80℃干燥箱内干燥12h,最后在300℃下焙烧4h,得到磁性纳米金催化剂,其中Au负载量为1wt.%。
所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的应用:
在50ml不锈钢夹套离压间歇式反应釜中按照常规工艺进行。加入上述催化剂、异丁醛和 MeOH。质量流量计控制稳定的氧气流速10mol/min,并利用分布器保持较好的气体分布状态。磁力搅拌器加热搅拌保持气液固三相的良好接触,反应出口尾气用冷凝管冷却回流,防止原料和反应产物的挥发,冷凝管后接一个稳压阀,控制反应器中的压力。将反应装置密闭后,首先通入氧气到0.3MPa,然后开始循环水浴加热,开启搅拌,反应开始。反应2h后,停止进气和搅拌,关闭加热,通入循环冷水,进行降温,排空气体,取出样品进行气相色谱分析。检测数据见图表1。
实施例2
将实施例1中的水热反应温度改为140℃,制备颗粒状Ce0.66Fe0.34O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例3
将实施例1中的水热反应温度改为180℃,制备立方Ce0.66Fe0.34O2固溶体,其余步骤同
实施例1。
实施例4
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸钴与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,制备棒状Ce0.66Fe0.31Co0.03O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。得到的磁性纳米金催化剂的扫描电镜图如图1所示。
实施例5
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸镍与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,制备棒状Ce0.66Fe0.31Ni0.03O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例6
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸锆与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,制备棒状Ce0.66Fe0.31Zr0.03O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例7
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸锰与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,制备棒状Ce0.65Fe0.3Mn0.05O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例8
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸钇与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,制备棒状Ce0.66Fe0.31Y0.03O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例9
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸镧与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,制备棒状Ce0.65Fe0.3La0.05O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例10
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸铜与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,制备棒状Ce0.64Fe0.3Cu0.06O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例11
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸钴与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,水热反应温度改为180℃,制备立方Ce0.66Fe0.31Co0.03O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例 1。
实施例12
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸镍与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,水热反应温度改为180℃,制备立方Ce0.66Fe0.31Ni0.03O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例13
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸锆与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,水热反应温度改为180℃,制备立方Ce0.66Fe0.31Zr0.03O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例14
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸锰与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,水热反应温度改为180℃,制备立方Ce0.65Fe0.3Mn0.05O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例15
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸钇与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,水热反应温度改为140℃,制备颗粒状Ce0.66Fe0.31Y0.03O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例16
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸镧与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,水热反应温度改为140℃,制备颗粒状Ce0.65Fe0.3La0.05O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例 1。
实施例17
将实施例1中的硝酸铁的用量改为0.83g,同时将0.14g硝酸铜与硝酸铈、硝酸铁一起溶于水中,水热反应温度改为140℃,制备颗粒状Ce0.64Fe0.3Cu0.06O2固溶体,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例1-17中检测数据如表1。
表1 检测数据表
其中:
。
Claims (10)
1.一种醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂,其特征在于:以Au为活性组分,以CeaFebXcO2固溶体为载体,Au的负载量占Au和CeaFebXcO2固溶体总质量的0.1-2wt.%;CeaFebXcO2固溶体中,0<a<1,0<b<1,0≤c<1,且a+b+c=1,X为Co、Ni、Zr、Mn、Y、La、Cu或Zn。
2.一种权利要求1所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)CeaFebXcO2固溶体的制备
将铈、铁、X的可溶性盐溶于水中,加入氢氧化钠溶液,水热反应,离心得到固体,干燥,煅烧,得到CeaFebXcO2固溶体;
(2)磁性纳米金催化剂的制备
在HAuCl4水溶液中依次加入保护剂、还原剂,再加入步骤(1)得到的CeaFebXcO2固溶体,得到磁性纳米金催化剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,铈、铁、X摩尔数之和与氢氧化钠的摩尔数之比为1:100-200。
4.根据权利要求2所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,可溶性盐为硝酸盐、盐酸盐或硫酸盐。
5.根据权利要求2所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,水热反应温度为100-200℃,水热反应时间为20-28h;干燥温度为50-100℃,干燥时间为10-14h;煅烧温度为350-450℃,煅烧时间为2-6h。
6.根据权利要求2所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,加入步骤(1)得到的CeaFebXcO2固溶体后,再经调节pH值,室温搅拌,过滤,洗涤,干燥,焙烧,得到磁性纳米金催化剂。
7.根据权利要求2所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,保护剂为PVA,还原剂为NaBH4;PVA与Au的质量比为1:2,NaBH4与Au的摩尔比为5:1。
8.根据权利要求6所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,采用HCl溶液调节pH值为4-6。
9.根据权利要求6所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,室温搅拌时间为0.5-1.5h,干燥温度为50-100℃,干燥时间为10-14h;焙烧温度为250-300℃,焙烧时间为2-6h。
10.一种权利要求1所述的醛类一步氧化酯化合成酯的磁性纳米金催化剂的应用,其特征在于:在0.1-0.5MPa氧气存在下,将磁性纳米金催化剂加入醛类、醇类溶液中,加热回流。
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