CN107810815A - A kind of cotton in Xinjiang germ plasm resource precisely identifies field substantial length of operation method - Google Patents
A kind of cotton in Xinjiang germ plasm resource precisely identifies field substantial length of operation method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cotton in Xinjiang germ plasm resource precisely to identify field substantial length of operation method, and this method comprises the following steps：Step 1, sowing；Step 2 field management；Step 3 prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The present invention is by carrying out science agreements, unified standard to preparing a series of field concrete operations such as personnel's experience qualifications and record of service to the identification of sowing, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and observation survey, composition of personnel, data acquisition, sample collection method involved by the accurate identification of germplasm resource for cotton from seed preparation, experimental field, being distinctly claimed, error caused by reduction space-time and human factor are possible to characterization and evaluation result to greatest extent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, is related to a kind of cotton in Xinjiang germ plasm resource and precisely identifies field substantial length of operation side
Method.
Background technology
Cotton is the necessity of people's lives, and the important raw material of industry and strategic materials, in the national economic development
Play an important role.
The development of more than 30 years is passed through in cotton in Xinjiang production, selects the disease-resistant precocious improved Varieties of a collection of high yield and high quality,
Form using wide film covering, precision point sowing, under-film drip irrigation as outstanding feature the High yield with world lead level
Modern plant cotton technology pattern so that position ranks first in the country for years for cotton in Xinjiang area, total yield and per unit area yield, occupies national half
Rivers and mountains, turn into the most important Cotton Production base in China.The acquired remarkable achievement of cotton in Xinjiang production, excellent new product
The contribution of kind is obvious.And the seed selection of improved seeds derives from rich and varied germ plasm resource.To Germplasms
Field precisely identify, be the basis that germ plasm resource excavates creative utilization research, while be also that its own important and crucial grinds
Study carefully content.But in practice, due to the accurate qualification test operating method in field of shortage scientific unity specification, it is impossible to effectively eliminate
Test error caused by different year, different location, especially different testing crews according to each different experience and understanding,
During accurate qualification test, often with very big subjectivity, extremely it is unfavorable for the accurate of result of the test.
In a word, the purpose that germplasm resource for cotton is precisely identified is to obtain accurate complete result of the test data, with to germplasm
Resource material carries out objective comprehensive and accurate evaluation, is laid the foundation for the further research and utilization of germ plasm resource.Precisely identifying is
The important basic research work of germ plasm resource most critical, is related to substantial amounts of field observation, investigation, identification, evaluates, takes
The experiment works such as sample.The existing accurate identification technology of germplasm resource for cotton is mainly emphasized to identify the object (character) of (evaluation) and mirror
The standard of fixed (evaluation), operate of how standardizing to field test do not do unified clearly regulation and requirement, easily cause
Make result of the test because when, because of ground, vary with each individual, the accuracy of result of the test is a greater impact, it is impossible to accurate mirror is fully achieved
Fixed purpose.
Therefore, in the prior art, it is badly in need of a kind of scientific and normal unified cotton in Xinjiang germ plasm resource and precisely identifies that field is tried
Test operating method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cotton in Xinjiang germ plasm resource precisely to identify field substantial length of operation method.
Its concrete technical scheme is：
A kind of cotton in Xinjiang germ plasm resource precisely identifies field substantial length of operation method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, sowing
1.1 broadcast preceding preparation
1.1.1 seed preparation
Participate in the experiment material seed requirement hair seed.After rejecting blighted grain, broken seed and special-shaped seed kind is taken by 35-40 grams/experimental plot
Son dress paper bag, uniformly writes according to experimental design and is numbered in paper bag fixed position then.
1.1.2 experimental field prepare
Require to carry out according to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode.With paying attention to guarantee test soil fertility uniform one
Cause.
1.2 planting types and planting spacing
Carried out according to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode.Density domination keep a full stand of seedings in 1.25 ten thousand plants/666.7m2
~1.35 ten thousand plants/666.7m2。
Mulch film selects 1.25m wide film, the row of a film 4, the band of a film two.Planting spacing is (20+50+20)+55cm, spacing in the rows
12cm, average row is away from 37.5cm, 1.53 ten thousand plants/666.7m of solid density2。
Mulch film selects 1.45m wide film.The row of one film 4, the band of a film two.Planting spacing is (30+45+30)+55cm or (25
+ 55+25)+55, spacing in the rows 12cm, average row is away from 40.0cm, 1.39 ten thousand plants/666.7m of solid density2。
The 1.80-2.02m row of ultra-wide film (machine pick cotton pattern) film 6, planting spacing also can be selected in some areas mulch film
For (10+66+10+66+10)+66,10 centimetres of spacing in the rows, 1.75 ten thousand plants/666.7m of solid density2。
1.3 mulch sowing
1.3.1 overlay film punches
Using precise sower, plastic film mulch, laying dropper band, punching are once completed.Pay attention to precise sower earthing part
Not earthing is adjusted to, fenestra is reserved and waits to broadcast.
1.3.2 plot planning
According to experimental design, experimental field marking the punching of overlay film experimental plot, reserve aisle.Specifically utilize 50-
100m tape measures or line rope, stretch line fix both ends after, dig with a spade take away in the ranks it is in small, broken bits soil along line rope at the uniform velocity uniformly spread
Under, draw straight line.
1.3.3 seed discharges
The material seed paper bag of participating in the experiment that will be ready for, what is pulled in being respectively placed in experimental field according to experimental design is each
Experimental plot one end.
1.3.4 seeding method and quality requirement
Artificial dibbling.Experimental labour is responsible for cell distribution according to each people, this cell arranges next small again after finishing
Area.In the case where seedbed preparation laying of the membrane quality reaches requirement, take two seeds to be put into the hole accomplished fluently, ensure that seed buries
Depth is between 1.5-2cm under film.Broadcast surplus seed and be put into body paper bag and replace.
Meanwhile some one experimental labours of cell arrangement dig with a spade take in the ranks native uniform fold in small, broken bits in the film sowed
Kong Shang, thickness of earth covering 1.0cm or so, earthing width are advisable with covering fenestra, are usually no more than 7cm.Pay attention to thickness of earth covering and
Width is strictly consistent.
Test requirements document finishes on the same day, it is impossible to finishes, same repetition should finish on the same day.
1.4 check registration
After each repetition finishes, according to experimental design, registration in time checks whether there is the situation that Wrong, missing is broadcast of broadcasting, material of participating in the experiment
Expect title and numbering will correspond then.It is standby by the recovery of cell number order to broadcast surplus seed.
Step 2 field management
Field management is carried out according to Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode technical requirements.Experimental field every administrative skill
Measure should day complete, what the same day can not complete, same repetition should be completed on the same day.
2.1 seedling management
2.1.1 final singling is reseeded
After planting germination top soil to existing period looks into seedling in time, and to being short of seedling, cell vernalization is reseeded.Find out cell of being short of seedling
Corresponding to broadcast surplus seed, presoaking and germinating is reseeded, and ensures the enough strain numbers of cell.
Material 80% of participating in the experiment emerge to a leaf wholeheartedly when, arrange the timely final singling of enough manpowers.Final singling requires the seedling of a cave one.
2.1.2 tillage and weeding
Sowing can start to intertill after terminating, and depth is no more than 15cm.Pay attention to timely artificial weeding simultaneously.
2.2 flower bud phases are to flowering and boll-setting period management
Centered on insect pest of curing the disease, chemical regulation and reasonable water-fertilizer conditioning.With paying attention to timely clearance test weeds simultaneously.
2.3 topping trainings
Xinjiang cotton (South Sinkiang) Topping Time is typically 15 days or so July.Field test requires that the topping end time is not late
July 20.Each cell is unified during topping beats the heart of 1 leaf 1.
Material of participating in the experiment is not pruned in principle.
2.4 blow-of-cottons period managements
Emphasis is in bollworm, the preventing and treating of cotton spider mites.Pay attention to water-fertilizer conditioning, prevent prosperous length, early ageing.
2.5 water and fertilizer management
Carried out according to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode water and fertilizer management technical requirements.
2.5.1 drip irrigation
Maintenance tool, material are carried before drip irrigation, supervisor's joint, valve is checked, checks every dropper belt lacing, it is same during drip irrigation
When check every dropper band, timely solution of pinpointing the problems.
2.5.2 the drip irrigation time
The Xinjiang cotton drip head water time is typically in early and middle ten dayses in June.Experimental field 10% participate in the experiment material reach florescence when
Drip head water.Water stopping time is typically by the end of August to early September.Specific water stopping time according to climatic condition then, soil moisture content,
Depending on cotton plant growing way.
2.5.3 frequency of irrigation dosage
The time of infertility drips 9~12 times, average each drip irrigation amount 15m3~20m3/666.7m2, time of infertility drip-irrigation water
Measure 250m3~300m3/666.7m2。
General June drips 2-3 times, every time the amount of dripping 12m3~15m3/666.7m2, 7-8 days drip irrigation cycle.July drips
4-5 times, the amount of dripping 20m every time3~25m3/666.7m2, 6-7 days drip irrigation cycle.August part is dripped 3-4 times, every time the amount of dripping 20m3
~25m3/666.7m2, 7-10 days drip irrigation cycle.Early September, it can take the circumstances into consideration drip for 1 time, the amount of dripping is 10m3~15m3/
666.7m2。
Drip irrigation number and every time specific drip irrigation amount can be according to climatic condition then, edaphic condition, head water morning and evening and cotton plants
Depending on growing way.
Drip irrigation is responsible for by special messenger, should record drip irrigation date, used time, same day climatic condition, drip irrigation amount；Applied fertilizer with water droplet and expect agriculture
Fertilizer pesticide variety, drop fertilizer amount, formulation rate are recorded while medicine.
2.5.4 base manure and top dressing of dripping
According to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode water and fertilizer management technical requirements, heavy dressing base manure and Hua Lingfei,
Add potash fertilizer.
Base manure, typically apply high-quality farm manure 3m3/666.7m2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 25-30kg/666.7m2, urea 10kg/
666.7m2, potash fertilizer 5kg/666.7m2。
Top dressing, the time of infertility is with water droplet fertilizer 5~8 times.Carried out respectively when dripping for the 2nd time to 3rd time reciprocal.Applied with water droplet
Urea 2-5kg/666.7m2+ drip irrigation Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 1-2kg/666.7m2, then urea total amount is in 20kg or so, drip irrigation Diammonium phosphate (DAP)
It is advisable in 7-10kg.Or drip irrigation special fertilizer 4-5kg/666.7m is applied every time2, fertile total amount is dripped in 25kg or so.
2.6 change control
Change control and use mepiquat chloride.Experimental field in principle based on water-fertilizer conditioning, supplemented by chemical regulation, general time of infertility contracting
Amination is saved to adjust 1-3 times.
For the first time in stem 2-3 piece leaf periods, dosage 0.3-0.5g/666.7m2；Second in stem 6-8 piece true leaves
Phase, dosage 1.5-2.0g/666.7m2；Third time is 5-7 days after topping, dosage 5g/666.7m2。
Step 3 prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Xinjiang cotton is mainly the preventing and treating of insect pest, insect pest mainly have seedling stage thrips, flowering and boll-setting period bollworm and cotton spider mites and
Aphid.Experimental field controlling mode is mainly medicament sprinkling.Insect control should day complete, it is impossible to the same day complete, same repetition
It should complete on the same day.
3.1 cotton thrips
After experimental field each cell emergence is existing, medicament is sprayed in time and is prevented and treated, surrounding cotton field is prevented and treated simultaneously.According to
Efficacy time and the extent of injury, it can be prevented and treated again once after 7 days.
3.2 cotton bollworm control
After bollworm harm occurs in field observation, prevented and treated in time from corresponding medicament, prevent its diffusion harm.
3.3 cotton spider mites are prevented and treated
Cotton spider mites (red spider), which will be looked into early, early to be controlled, and controls spot film, and coordination with the synthesis preventing and treating is carried out with testing site periphery cotton field.
Specifically mainly spot film preventing and treating, identified in time when finding and having and endanger strain, using chemicals treatment, control spot film worm
Source, it is desirable to which tow sides spray, while reduce field activity, prevent from, because personnel's machinery accelerates diffusion sprawling, checking after 2-3 days, such as
It is further continued for spraying, control diffusion sprawling, is poured water in time in combination with spray.Also can drip dispenser with drip irrigation.
3.4 control of aphids
Since seedling stage, notice that a situation arises for viewing test field aphid, early period of origination can not generally spray medication, should take
Spot film occurs, the strategy of spot film preventing and treating, is controlled by using natural enemy.Specially medicament stem brush, it is applied to the red green alternate place one of cotton stem
Side, long 2cm~5cm.Harm trend is aggravated if still having, for endangering cotton plant, the sprinkling of medicament spot film, which is chosen, to be controlled.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention passes through to preparing involved by the accurate identification of germplasm resource for cotton from seed preparation, experimental field to broadcasting
Kind, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and personnel's experience qualifications and record of service of observation survey identification, composition of personnel, data acquisition, sample are adopted
A series of field concrete operations such as diversity method carry out science agreement, unified standard, are distinctly claimed, reduce to greatest extent space-time and
Error caused by human factor is possible to characterization and evaluation result.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in more detail with reference to specific embodiment.
A kind of cotton in Xinjiang germ plasm resource precisely identifies field substantial length of operation method, comprises the following steps：
1. scope
This method provides the term of the accurate qualification test in germplasm resource for cotton field of Xinjiang cotton, definition, requirement and
Operating method and field management technology.
2. term and definition
The following terms and definitions are applied to this method.
Germplasm resource for cotton
Germplasm resource for cotton refers to all cotton materials for cultivating new cotton variety.Mainly include cotton place product
Plant, improve the breed, the kind of new seed selection, introduced variety, breeding intermediate materials or mutant, wild species etc..
Isolation is planted experimentally
The germ plasm resource of introduction is planted in certain isolation environment, to be carried out to possible quarantine pest and disease damage
Control.
Field test
Germ plasm resource is planted in field, to carry out observing the experiment of characterization and evaluation to it.
Participate in the experiment material
Refer to and participate in the specific germ plasm resource that field test is used to sow.
Individual plant
Refer to specific one plant of cotton plants in the every cell of material of participating in the experiment.Refer to one by if after one plant individually harvest after the cotton boll blow-of-cottons
The unginned cotton of strain, gined cotton, seed.
Control
Material of participating in the experiment for germ plasm resource observation characterization and evaluation reference standard.
Hair seed
The cotton seeds one layer of raw chopped fiber without cotton seeds surface is sloughed and handled.
Covering with ground sheeting
Refer to cotton seeds and after planting or simultaneously use covered rearing with plastic film, be advantageous to cotton emergence and seedlings root life to create
Long photo-thermal liquid manure gas bar part, so as to realize the even robust seedling of full stand seedling, promote cotton prematurity good quality and high output.
Under-film drip irrigation
Using the special plastic tube band being layed under mulch film, to a kind of irrigation method of cotton fertigation, Ke Yiwei
Developmental of Cotton provides more accurate suitable water and fertilizer condition.
High density
Refer to the plantation number of unit area cotton apparently higher than other cotton regions that is being suitable for Xinjiang natural, ecological weather conditions
Amount.
Cultivation mode
Refer to Xinjiang covering with ground sheeting, under-film drip irrigation, high-density planting mode.
Wide film
Refer to film surface width 1.25-1.45m agricultural plastic film.
Ultra-wide film
Refer to the agricultural plastic film that film surface width is more than 1.8m.
Experimental design
For the accurate and effective of guarantee test result, improve test efficiency, to participate in the experiment material in field test experimental field
The mutual planting location of point, planting patterns, cultivated area, planting number, storeroom of participating in the experiment is designed the process of arrangement.
Cell
The region area that each material of participating in the experiment of plantation is covered, include the ratio area of adjacent storeroom of participating in the experiment.
Repeat (space repeats, the time repeats)
To reduce test error, the cell of more than 2 plant to participating in the experiment material in same experiment, or plant more than 2 years.
Survival rate of seedlings
After cotton emerges and grows into a leaf wholeheartedly, actual survival and can the cotton seedling strain number of normal growth and development account for total broadcast
The percentage of kind strain number.
Sowing time
Date of the field test per repeat sowing.
Seeding stage
The germination of cell 50% pushes up the date of the native open and flat greening of cotyledon.
Squaring period
Occurs the date of the visible triangle bud of about 3 mm in size naked eyes on the cotton plant fruit branch of cell 50%.
Initial bloom stage
It is initial bloom stage when the cotton plant of cell 10% is bloomed.
Florescence
The date when cotton plant of cell 50% is bloomed is florescence.
The term of opening bolls
The date that the cotton plant of cell 50% starts blow-of-cottons is the term of opening bolls.
Breeding time
From the seeding stage to the number of days in the term of opening bolls.
The time of infertility
From sowing to the number of days in the term of opening bolls.
Seedling stage
Emerged from after planting germination to the growing stage in squaring period.
Flower bud phase
Growing stage from buddingging florescence.
Florescence
It is into the phase in florescence that first flower, which occurs, in 50% cotton plant.
Full-bloom stage
It is into full-bloom stage when the flowers are in blossom to the 5th -6 fruit branches for 50% cotton plant.
Flowering and boll-setting period
Growing stage from cotton plant florescence to the term of opening bolls.
The wadding phase
Stage of the term of opening bolls to harvest home.
Growing process
The period of each growing stage and progress.Including sowing, seedling stage, flower bud phase, flowering and boll-setting period, wadding phase.
Change control
Utilize chemical means (mainly mepiquat chloride) control, regulation Developmental of Cotton.
Topping
In the leaf that cotton flowering and boll-setting period plucks stem top wholeheartedly, suppress nutrient growth, ensure existing cotton buds and bolls normal growth
Development.
Foliage-spray
Using cotton leaf absorbability, dispenser control of applying fertilizer is carried out to cotton by sprayer.
Flower before frost
The unginned cotton of normal blow-of-cottons harvested before referring to after first time weight frost in 7 days.
Flower after frost
Though finger first time weight frost unginned cotton of cotton boll prematurity but dehydration cracking blow-of-cottons after 7 days.
Blow-of-cottons
The ripe cracking of cotton boll, unginned cotton, which is exposed, normally to be harvested.
Isolation selfing
Refer to makes this plant of self-pollination using the other cotton plant pollen of the means isolation such as solarium, mesh bag, flower closing.
Fruit abscission rate
Refer to because the reason such as cotton self-characteristic and the imbalance of extraneous liquid manure photo-thermal, disease pest harm causes cotton plant upper part
Flower bud, young bell come off.
Field management
Refer to and participated in the experiment material normal growth and development for guarantee, a series of fields carried out according to the requirement of cultivation mode are made
Industry.
Field investigation
To participating in the experiment, with trait expression relevant situation of the material in field test carries out field observation record.
Field test
To participating in the experiment, trait expression of the material in field test carries out situ appraisal evaluation according to certain method, standard,
And recorded with reference to control.
Record in field
To participating in the experiment, material carries out on-the-spot record in the trait expression of different growth stage.Recorded a video including word picture.
Field samples
Refer mainly in the term of opening bolls harvest a certain amount of unginned cotton respectively according to cell according to test requirements document to material of participating in the experiment.Root
According to different tests purpose, also including cotton plant blade, flower, cotton boll etc..
Notebook
For recording the notebook of field test related work then, it is divided to chief and vice two.
Original data record sheet
For record field test, species test initial data notebook.
Species test bell
The term of opening bolls, according to test requirements document, the cotton boll conduct of normal blow-of-cottons in the middle part of certain amount cotton plant was harvested according to cell respectively
Species test bell.
Harvest meter production
Field is sampled with after species test bell, and all normal blow-of-cottons cotton boll unginned cottons, bag are collected respectively according to cell to participating in the experiment material
Include before frost flower after frost.Field sampling and species test bell are counted during meter production.
Species test
Obtained unginned cotton sample is sampled to field, is weighed, crimped, collected gined cotton sample and seed respectively, go forward side by side
The investigations such as row bell weight, ginning outturn, son refer to, fiber quality test registration.Integrated with characters such as the yield to material of participating in the experiment, qualities
Evaluation.
Species test samples
The unginned cotton sampled to field, according to test requirements document, takes gined cotton or seed after cotton ginning.
Ginning outturn
Gined cotton weight in the cotton of bill of materials seat of participating in the experiment accounts for the percentage of unginned cotton's weight.
Bell weight
Participate in the experiment in the middle part of material cotton plant unginned cotton's dry weight value in the cotton boll of normal crack blow-of-cottons.
Son refers to
The weight of 100 cotton seeds, is represented with gram.
Unginned cotton sample
The cotton without cotton ginning processing plucked from material cotton plant of participating in the experiment.
Gined cotton sample
The cotton fiber obtained after cotton roller gin crimps.
Fiber quality
Participate in the experiment result of the material gined cotton sample after HVI is tested, mainly include upper half mean length mm, length is neat
Spend %, mic value, strength CN/tex, elongation at break %, maturity, short fiber index %, index of conformity of weaving.
Attribute test
Material gined cotton sample of participating in the experiment is tested through HVI.
Cotton ginning
It will be participated in the experiment material unginned cotton seed and fiber separation by machinery, to obtain seed and gined cotton sample.
Cotton roller gin
Pass through the machinery of cottonseed and cotton fiber in the rotation separation unginned cotton of upper bottom knife crisscross motion and roller.
Qualitative character
Finger can pass through the character of word description.
Quantitative character
Refer to the character by numeral description.
Number then
Refer to material field test cell number then of participating in the experiment.
Last year numbers
Refer to the cell number for material field test previous year of participating in the experiment.
Title material
Refer to the participate in the experiment original formal name of material or code name.
Mesh bag
The sack of the certain specification sewed with nylon net cloth, unginned cotton, seed are contained for harvesting.
Paper bag
The paper bag of the certain specification made of brown paper, individual plant cotton boll unginned cotton, gined cotton sample, seed are contained for harvesting.
3. field experimental design
3.1 test site
The natural, ecological weather conditions of test site should be able to meet that cotton normally grows and its normal table of character
Reach, the main cultivation technique level in Xinjiang cotton and working condition can be represented.In cotton main producing region physical features should be selected flat, native
Ground is smooth, soil fertility is uniform, middle fertility, the hypopathia of good irrigation conditions or disease-free plot, pay attention to around without pile, forest belt
The veils such as trees so as not to influence experimental field ventilation, illumination.
3.2 experimental design
Year participate in the experiment material quantity control within 500 parts.Four row areas, cell row grow 5 meters, random alignment, per cell kind
Plant Population and be more than 100 plants.Repeat 2-3 times, every 10 or 20 parts of materials of participating in the experiment set 1 control.Trial zone surrounding sets 4 rows (or 6
Protection row more than OK).
The experimental design and control measures of the same same ecotope different location of experiment should be identical.
4. sowing and field management
4.1 sowing
4.1.1 broadcast preceding preparation
4.1.1.1 seed preparation
Participate in the experiment material seed requirement hair seed.After rejecting blighted grain, broken seed and special-shaped seed kind is taken by 35-40 grams/experimental plot
Son dress paper bag, uniformly writes according to experimental design and is numbered in paper bag fixed position then.
4.1.1.2 experimental field prepare
Carried out according to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode.With paying attention to guarantee test soil fertility uniformity.
4.1.2 planting type and planting spacing
Carried out according to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode.Density domination keep a full stand of seedings in 1.25 ten thousand plants/666.7m2
~1.35 ten thousand plants/666.7m2。
Mulch film selects 1.25m wide film, the row of a film 4, the band of a film two.Planting spacing is (20+50+20)+55cm, spacing in the rows
12cm, average row is away from 37.5cm, 1.53 ten thousand plants/666.7m of solid density2。
Mulch film selects 1.45m wide film.The row of one film 4, the band of a film two.Planting spacing is (30+45+30)+55cm or (25
+ 55+25)+55, spacing in the rows 12cm, average row is away from 40.0cm, 1.39 ten thousand plants/666.7m of solid density2。
The 1.80-2.02m row of ultra-wide film (machine pick cotton pattern) film 6, planting spacing also can be selected in some areas mulch film
For (10+66+10+66+10)+66,10 centimetres of spacing in the rows, 1.75 ten thousand plants/666.7m of solid density2。
4.1.3 mulch sowing
4.1.3.1 overlay film punches
Using precise sower, plastic film mulch, laying dropper band, punching are once completed.Pay attention to precise sower earthing part
Not earthing is adjusted to, fenestra is reserved and waits to broadcast.
4.1.3.2 plot planning
According to experimental design, experimental field marking the punching of overlay film cell, reserve aisle.Specifically utilize 50-100m skins
Chi or line rope, stretch line fix both ends after, dig with a spade take away in the ranks it is in small, broken bits soil along line rope at the uniform velocity uniformly spread down, draw
Straight line.
4.1.3.3 seed discharges
The material seed paper bag of participating in the experiment that will be ready for, what is pulled in being respectively placed in experimental field according to experimental design is each
Cell one end.
4.1.3.4 seeding method and quality requirement
Artificial dibbling.Experimental labour is responsible for cell distribution according to each people, this cell arranges next small again after finishing
Area.In the case where seedbed preparation laying of the membrane quality reaches requirement, take two seeds to be put into the hole accomplished fluently, ensure that seed buries
Depth is between 1.5-2cm under film.Broadcast surplus seed and be put into body paper bag and replace.
Meanwhile some one experimental labours of cell arrangement dig with a spade take in the ranks native uniform fold in small, broken bits in the film sowed
Kong Shang, thickness of earth covering 1cm or so, earthing width are advisable with covering fenestra, are usually no more than 7cm.Pay attention to thickness of earth covering and width
Degree is strictly consistent.
Test requirements document finishes on the same day, it is impossible to finishes, same repetition should finish on the same day.
4.1.4 registration is checked
After each repetition finishes, according to experimental design, registration in time checks whether there is the situation that Wrong, missing is broadcast of broadcasting, material of participating in the experiment
Expect title and numbering will correspond then.It is standby by the recovery of cell order to broadcast surplus seed.
4.2 field management
Field management is carried out according to Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode technical requirements.Experimental field every administrative skill
Measure should day complete, what the same day can not complete, same repetition should be completed on the same day.
4.2.1 seedling management
4.2.1.1 final singling is reseeded
After planting germination top soil to existing period looks into seedling in time, and to being short of seedling, cell vernalization is reseeded.Find out cell of being short of seedling
Corresponding to broadcast surplus seed, presoaking and germinating is reseeded, and ensures the enough strain numbers of cell.
Material 80% of participating in the experiment emerge to a leaf wholeheartedly when, arrange the timely final singling of enough manpowers.Final singling requires the seedling of a cave one.
4.2.1.2 tillage and weeding
Sowing can start to intertill after terminating, and depth is no more than 15cm.Pay attention to timely artificial weeding simultaneously.
4.2.2 flower bud phase is to flowering and boll-setting period management
Centered on insect pest of curing the disease, chemical regulation and reasonable water-fertilizer conditioning.Pay attention to removing weed in cotton field in time simultaneously.
4.2.3 topping training
Xinjiang cotton (South Sinkiang) Topping Time is typically 15 days or so July.Field test requires that the topping end time is not late
July 20.Each cell is unified during topping beats the heart of 1 leaf 1.
Material of participating in the experiment is not pruned in principle.
4.2.4 blow-of-cottons period management
Emphasis is in bollworm, the preventing and treating of cotton spider mites.Pay attention to water-fertilizer conditioning, prevent prosperous length, early ageing.
4.2.5 water and fertilizer management
Carried out according to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode water and fertilizer management technical requirements.
4.2.5.1 drip irrigation
Maintenance tool, material are carried before drip irrigation, supervisor's joint, valve is checked, checks every dropper belt lacing, it is same during drip irrigation
When check every dropper band, timely solution of pinpointing the problems.
4.2.5.2 the drip irrigation time
The Xinjiang cotton drip head water time is typically in early and middle ten dayses in June.Experimental field 10% participate in the experiment material reach florescence when
Drip head water.Water stopping time is typically by the end of August to early September.Specific water stopping time according to weather conditions then, soil moisture content,
Depending on cotton plant growing way.
4.2.5.3 frequency of irrigation dosage
The time of infertility drips 9~12 times, average each drip irrigation amount 15m3~20m3/666.7m2, time of infertility drip-irrigation water
Measure about 250m3~300m3/666.7m2。
General June drips 2-3 times, every time the amount of dripping 12m3~15m3/666.7m2, 7-8 days drip irrigation cycle.July drips
4-5 times, the amount of dripping 20m every time3~25m3/666.7m2, 6-7 days drip irrigation cycle.August part is dripped 3-4 times, every time the amount of dripping 20m3
~25m3/666.7m2, 7-10 days drip irrigation cycle.Early September, it can take the circumstances into consideration drip for 1 time, the amount of dripping is 10m3~15m3/
666.7m2。
Drip irrigation number and every time specific drip irrigation amount can be according to weather conditions then, edaphic condition, head water morning and evening and cotton plants
Depending on growing way.
Drip irrigation is responsible for by special messenger, should record drip irrigation date, used time, same day climatic condition, drip irrigation amount；Applied fertilizer with water droplet and expect agriculture
Fertilizer pesticide variety, drop fertilizer amount, formulation rate are recorded while medicine.
4.2.5.4 base manure and top dressing of dripping
According to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode water and fertilizer management technical requirements, heavy dressing base manure and Hua Lingfei,
Add potash fertilizer.
Base manure, typically apply high-quality farm manure 3m3/666.7m2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 25-30kg/666.7m2, urea 10kg/
666.7m2, potash fertilizer 5kg/666.7m2。
Top dressing, the time of infertility is with water droplet fertilizer 5~8 times.Carried out respectively when dripping for the 2nd time to 3rd time reciprocal.Applied with water droplet
Urea 2-5kg/666.7m2+ drip irrigation Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 1-2kg/666.7m2, then urea total amount is in 20kg or so, drip irrigation Diammonium phosphate (DAP)
It is advisable in 7-10kg.Or 4-5kg/666.7m of drip irrigation special fertilizer is applied every time2, fertile total amount is dripped in 25kg or so.
4.2.6 control is changed
Change control and use mepiquat chloride.Experimental field in principle based on water-fertilizer conditioning, supplemented by chemical regulation, general time of infertility contracting
Amination is saved to adjust 1-3 times.
For the first time in stem 2-3 piece leaf periods, dosage 0.3-0.5g/666.7m2；Second in stem 6-8 piece true leaves
Phase, dosage 1.5-2.0g/666.7m2；Third time is 5-7 days after topping, dosage 5g/666.7m2。
4.3 the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Xinjiang cotton is mainly the preventing and treating of insect pest, insect pest mainly have seedling stage thrips, flowering and boll-setting period bollworm and cotton spider mites and
Aphid.Experimental field controlling mode is mainly medicament sprinkling.Insect control should day complete, it is impossible to the same day complete, same repetition
It should complete on the same day.
4.3.1 cotton thrips
After experimental field each cell emergence is existing, medicament is sprayed in time and is prevented and treated, surrounding cotton field is prevented and treated simultaneously.According to
Efficacy time and the extent of injury, it can be prevented and treated again once after 7 days.
4.3.2 cotton bollworm control
After bollworm harm occurs in field observation, prevented and treated in time from corresponding medicament, prevent its diffusion harm.
4.3.3 cotton spider mites are prevented and treated
Cotton spider mites (red spider), which will be looked into early, early to be controlled, and controls spot film, and coordination with the synthesis preventing and treating is carried out with testing site periphery cotton field.
Specifically mainly spot film preventing and treating, identified in time when finding and having and endanger strain, using chemicals treatment, control spot film worm
Source, it is desirable to which tow sides spray, while reduce field activity, prevent from, because personnel's machinery accelerates diffusion sprawling, checking after 2-3 days, such as
It is further continued for spraying, control diffusion sprawling, is poured water in time in combination with spray.Also can drip dispenser with drip irrigation.
4.3.4 control of aphids
Since seedling stage, notice that a situation arises for viewing test field aphid, early period of origination can not generally spray medication, should take
Spot film occurs, the strategy of spot film preventing and treating, is controlled by using natural enemy.Specially medicament stem brush, it is applied to the red green alternate place one of cotton stem
Side, long 2cm~5cm.Harm trend is aggravated if still having, for endangering cotton plant, the sprinkling of medicament spot film, which is chosen, to be controlled.
5. field investigation identification is recorded
The technical staff for possessing more than 3 years field test investigation experiences should be arranged to appoint group leader special messenger to be responsible for, while arrange 2
Professional and technical personnel aids in 3 people survey teams of composition, is carried out according to the orientation of experimental design cell and repeated sequence order.
Workload is big, is carried out by the packet of increase survey team is repeated, the same character appraisal survey time is not to be exceeded 5 days.
5.1 investigation
Field investigation situation takes notes with a pencil record in notebook.Notebook form performs with reference to table 1.
Once investigated before experiment after planting emergence, native existing situation is pushed up in investigation material germination of participating in the experiment, to the rotten bud of rotten kind,
Thrips occurrence injury situation is investigated.
Emergence investigates seeding stage, squaring period, florescence, the term of opening bolls to blow-of-cottons.To emergence morning and evening, whether neat, seedling of emerging
Phase growing state, flower bud phase growing state, flowering and boll-setting period growing state, blow-of-cottons are sooner or later, whether blow-of-cottons concentrate and the life of each growthdevelopmental stage
Situations such as growing way regularity, is investigated.
It is other.Record experimental field place orientation, the quality of soil, nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium content of organic matter), preceding stubble
The crop of plantation.Record the time reseeded；Field management situation (including final singling, tillage and weeding, topping, fertilising, dispenser, pour water,
Change control etc.)；The growing state (including pest and disease damage, lodging, disaster-stricken etc.) of plant；Record the weather feelings during character observation identification
Condition.
5.2 identification
Field test result takes notes with a pencil record on initial data notebook.Specific identification traitses, authentication method, identification mark
Standard is according to specific test requirements document reference《Germplasm Resources of Farm Crop assessment technique specification cotton》Carry out.Notebook form is with reference to table
2nd, table 3 performs.
The observation identification of qualitative character.After fine day sunrise should being selected 2 hours, before sunset 2 hours and frontlighting direction carry out, often
Cell is observed by strain, is defined by cell general performance situation.Each strain trait expression is inconsistent in cell, is shown as with most strains
Standard, and record difference condition.The individual plant for having notable difference to trait expression is marked and recorded.
Carry out observing identification based on survey team group leader and propose expert opinion, if remaining two people has objection after discussion with
Group leader's opinion is defined.
Quantitative character appraisal survey.Cell film side row and each continuous 10 plants of middle row totally 20 plants of cotton plants are chosen, carry out identification tune
Look into, two people investigation, people record.Wherein, plant height, fruit branch begin to save height investigation, utilize wooden 1 meter of ruler to carry out；Bell handle length,
Fruit branch panel length is investigated, and is carried out using 15cm stainless steel rules.
6. field samples
Field sampling can be started after in the middle part of the blow-of-cottons of total Test cell more than 50% to cotton plant.Will be with numbering then
Label be put into species test bell nylon net bag (25*35cm) and hang on every cell by first plant of aisle by number order then；
Check confirm it is errorless after, harvest normal blow-of-cottons cotton boll 50 in the middle part of cotton plant at random per cell and be put into tightening pocket opening in nylon net bag and put
Aisle one end is leaned in every cell.After checking that confirmation is errorless again, every 10 one group of colligations, which are transported back, in order is put into species test room.Note
Meaning rejects hybrid strain and diseased plant；When field dew is big, dried after should sampling or sample again after dew regression.
Field sampling should arrange skilled engineer (worker) to enter as requested under the supervision of field investigation group leader
OK.
7. species test samples
It is responsible for weighing to the species test bell of field sampling by special messenger, unit of gram (g) is accurate to 2 significant digits, by number of weighing
Value is written on label fixed position in nylon net bag with pencil.
(seed, gined cotton are still placed in former nylon wire to species test bell after every cell is weighed respectively after cotton roller gin crimps
In bag), gined cotton is weighed, unit of gram (g) is accurate to 2 significant digits, and the numerical value that will weigh is written on nylon net bag with pencil
Middle another fixed position of label.
Gined cotton after weighing takes 30 grams of (g) samples to be put into marking pen with numbering then (or with carbon pen+self-adhesive label
Paper mark) 8.5*12cm Self-enclosing polybags in be used for fiber quality test.
Seed-bearing nylon net bag will be filled and refer to species test for seed by former every 10 one group of colligations of order.Seed refers to the people one of species test two
Group, unit of gram (g) are accurate to 2 significant digits, and seed exponential quantity is written on into another fixed position of label in bag with pencil.
Finally, the numbering then on species test bell label, seed cotton heavy, gined cotton weight, seed are referred to data and is registered in species test notebook
On.
8. harvest meter production
After the sampling of field, produced based on being spent after frost before frost and carrying out harvest in time.Unification will be put into the label numbered then
The meter production of specification is spent in big nylon net bag hangs on every cell by first plant of aisle by number order then；Check that confirmation is errorless
Afterwards, whole blow-of-cottons cotton bolls are harvested by cell and is put into tightening pocket opening in nylon net bag, nylon net bag is placed in into every cell leans on aisle one
End.After checking that confirmation is errorless again, threshing ground drying is uniformly carried to.If being reserved seed for planting while harvest meter production for breeding, receive
Pay attention to rejecting hybrid strain and diseased plant when obtaining (hybrid strain diseased plant individually harvests meter production)；After drying, poidometer production, unit kilogram are carried out in time
(kg) 2 significant digits are accurate to.
9. seed is put in storage
To respectively be participated in the experiment material species test bell seed and breeding seed, check label in former bag (if necessary, can also be reentered into
With pencil or carbon pen with the new label of numbering and title material then), after confirmation is errorless, sack is tightened, is sequentially placed in kind
In word bank room kind subrack.Plan to enter the isolation selfed seed that national middle term storehouse preserves, it is necessary to artificial selected rejecting blighted grain, crush
Submitted again after son, abnormity.
10. data preparation
It is responsible for by special messenger test data collecting arrangement according to specific test requirements document, form is pressed《Germplasm Resources of Farm Crop is commented
Valency technical specification cotton》Perform.Typing computer generation EXCEL formatted files preserve.
The germplasm resource for cotton of table 1 precisely identifies that field test investigation notebook form (from A4 sizes notebook or is beaten
Print).
The germplasm resource for cotton of table 2 precisely identifies this form of field test original record (qualitative character)
| Number then | Qualitative character 1 | Qualitative character 2 | Qualitative character 3 | Qualitative character 4 | Qualitative character 5 | Qualitative character ... | Remarks |
The germplasm resource for cotton of table 3 precisely identifies this form of field test original record (quantitative character)
| Number then | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ...... | 20 |
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention not limited to this, any ripe
Those skilled in the art are known in the technical scope of present disclosure, the letter for the technical scheme that can be become apparent to
Altered or equivalence replacement are each fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of cotton in Xinjiang germ plasm resource precisely identifies field substantial length of operation method, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
Step 1, sowing
1.1 broadcast preceding preparation
1.1.1 seed preparation
Participate in the experiment material seed requirement hair seed；Seed is taken to fill paper bag by 35-40 grams/cell after rejecting blighted grain, broken seed, special-shaped seed,
Uniformly write according to experimental design and be numbered in paper bag fixed position then；
1.1.2 experimental field prepare
Carried out according to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode；With paying attention to guarantee test soil fertility uniformity；
1.2 planting types and planting spacing
Carried out according to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode；Density domination is harvested in 1.25 ten thousand plants/666.7m2~
1.35 ten thousand plants/666.7m2；
Mulch film selects 1.25m wide film, the row of a film 4, the band of a film two；Planting spacing is (20+50+20)+55cm, spacing in the rows
12cm, average row is away from 37.5cm, 1.53 ten thousand plants/666.7m of solid density2；
Mulch film selects 1.45m wide film；The row of one film 4, the band of a film two；Planting spacing is (30+45+30)+55cm or (25+55+
25)+55, spacing in the rows 12cm, average row is away from 40.0cm, 1.39 ten thousand plants/666.7m of solid density2；
Some areas mulch film select 1.80-2.02m the row of one film of ultra-wide film 6, planting spacing be (10+66+10+66+10)+
66,10 centimetres of spacing in the rows, 1.75 ten thousand plants/666.7m of solid density2；
1.3 mulch sowing
1.3.1 overlay film punches
Using precise sower, plastic film mulch, laying dropper band, punching are once completed；Pay attention to precise sower earthing partial adjustment
To not earthing, reserve fenestra and wait to broadcast；
1.3.2 plot planning
According to experimental design, experimental field marking the punching of overlay film cell, reserve aisle；Specifically using 50-100m tape measures or
Line rope, stretch line fix both ends after, dig with a spade take away in the ranks it is in small, broken bits soil along line rope side at the uniform velocity uniformly spread down, draw
Straight line；
1.3.3 seed discharges
The material seed paper bag of participating in the experiment that will be ready for, each cell pulled in being respectively placed in experimental field according to experimental design
One end；
1.3.4 seeding method and quality requirement
Artificial dibbling；Experimental labour is responsible for cell distribution according to each people, this cell arranges next cell again after finishing；
In the case that seedbed preparation laying of the membrane quality reaches requirement, take two seeds to be put into the hole accomplished fluently, ensure seed embedded depth
Between 1.5-2cm under film；Broadcast surplus seed and be put into body paper bag and replace；
Meanwhile some one experimental labours of cell arrangement dig with a spade take in the ranks native uniform fold in small, broken bits in the fenestra sowed
On, thickness of earth covering 1.0cm, earthing width is advisable with covering fenestra, is usually no more than 7cm；Notice that thickness of earth covering and width are tight
Lattice are consistent；
Test requirements document finishes on the same day, it is impossible to finishes, same repetition should finish on the same day；
1.4 check registration
After each repetition finishes, according to experimental design, registration in time checks whether there is the situation that Wrong, missing is broadcast of broadcasting, material name of participating in the experiment
Claim and numbering will correspond then；It is standby by the recovery of cell order to broadcast surplus seed；
Step 2 field management
Field management is carried out according to Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode technical requirements；Experimental field every administrative skill measure
Should day complete, what the same day can not complete, same repetition should be completed on the same day；
2.1 seedling management
2.1.1 final singling is reseeded
After planting germination top soil to existing period looks into seedling in time, and to being short of seedling, cell vernalization is reseeded；It is corresponding to find out cell of being short of seedling
Surplus seed is broadcast, presoaking and germinating is reseeded, and ensures the enough strain numbers of cell；
Material 80% of participating in the experiment emerge to a leaf wholeheartedly when, arrange the timely final singling of enough manpowers；Final singling requires the seedling of a cave one；
2.1.2 tillage and weeding
Sowing starts to intertill after terminating, and depth is no more than 15cm；Pay attention to timely artificial weeding simultaneously；
2.2 flower bud phases are to flowering and boll-setting period management
Centered on insect pest of curing the disease, chemical regulation and reasonable water-fertilizer conditioning；With paying attention to timely clearance test weeds simultaneously；
2.3 topping trainings
Xinjiang cotton Topping Time is typically July 15；Field test requires the topping end time earlier than July 20；Topping
When each cell is unified beats the heart of 1 leaf 1；
Material of participating in the experiment is not pruned in principle；
2.4 blow-of-cottons period managements
Emphasis is in bollworm, the preventing and treating of cotton spider mites；Pay attention to water-fertilizer conditioning, prevent prosperous length, early ageing；
2.5 water and fertilizer management
Carried out according to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode water and fertilizer management technical requirements；
2.5.1 drip irrigation
Maintenance tool, material are carried before drip irrigation, supervisor's joint, valve is checked, checks every dropper belt lacing, examine simultaneously during drip irrigation
Every dropper band is looked into, timely solution of pinpointing the problems；
2.5.2 the drip irrigation time
The Xinjiang cotton drip head water time is typically in early and middle ten dayses in June；Experimental field 10% participate in the experiment material reach florescence when drip irrigation
Head water；
Water stopping time is typically by the end of August to early September；Specific water stopping time is grown according to climatic condition then, soil moisture content, cotton plant
Depending on gesture；
2.5.3 frequency of irrigation dosage
The time of infertility drips 9~12 times, average each drip irrigation amount 15m3~20m3/666.7m2, time of infertility drip-irrigation water amount
250m3~300m3/666.7m2；
General June drips 2-3 times, every time the amount of dripping 12m3~15m3/666.7m2, 7-8 days drip irrigation cycle；Drip July 4-5
It is secondary, the amount of dripping 20m every time3~25m3/666.7m2, 6-7 days drip irrigation cycle；August part is dripped 3-4 times, every time the amount of dripping 20m3~
25m3/666.7m2, 7-10 days drip irrigation cycle；Early September, as one sees fit drip for 1 time, the amount of dripping is 10m3~15m3/666.7m2；
Drip irrigation number and every time specific drip irrigation amount according to weather conditions then, edaphic condition, head water morning and evening and cotton plant growing way and
It is fixed；
Drip irrigation is responsible for by special messenger, should record drip irrigation date, used time, same day climatic condition, drip irrigation amount；Applied fertilizer with water droplet and expect agricultural chemicals
Fertilizer pesticide variety, drop fertilizer amount, formulation rate are recorded simultaneously；
2.5.4 base manure and top dressing of dripping
According to cotton in Xinjiang high density under-film drip irrigation cultivation mode water and fertilizer management technical requirements, heavy dressing base manure and Hua Lingfei, add
Potash fertilizer；
Base manure, typically apply high-quality farm manure 3m3/666.7m2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 25-30kg/666.7m2, urea 10kg/666.7m2,
Potash fertilizer 5kg/666.7m2；
Top dressing, the time of infertility is with water droplet fertilizer 5~8 times；Carried out respectively when dripping for the 2nd time to 3rd time reciprocal；Urea is applied with water droplet
2-5kg/666.7m2+ drip irrigation Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 1-2kg/666.7m2, then urea total amount in 20kg, drip irrigation Diammonium phosphate (DAP) in 7-10kg
It is advisable；Or drip irrigation special fertilizer 4-5kg/666.7m is applied every time2, fertile total amount is dripped in 25kg；
2.6 change control
Change control and use mepiquat chloride；Experimental field in principle based on water-fertilizer conditioning, supplemented by chemical regulation, general time of infertility mepiquat chloride
Change and adjust 1-3 times；
For the first time in stem 2-3 piece leaf periods, dosage 0.3-0.5g/666.7m2；Second in stem 6-8 piece leaf periods, use
Measure as 1.5-2.0g/666.7m2；Third time is 5-7 days after topping, dosage 5g/666.7m2；
Step 3 prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Xinjiang cotton is mainly the preventing and treating of insect pest, and insect pest mainly has seedling stage thrips, flowering and boll-setting period bollworm and cotton spider mites and aphid；
Experimental field controlling mode is mainly medicament sprinkling；Insect control should day complete, it is impossible to the same day complete, same repetition should be same
It is completed；
3.1 cotton thrips
After experimental field each cell emergence is existing, medicament is sprayed in time and is prevented and treated, surrounding cotton field is prevented and treated simultaneously；According to drug effect
Time and the extent of injury, prevented and treated again once after 7 days；
3.2 cotton bollworm control
After bollworm harm occurs in field observation, prevented and treated in time from corresponding medicament, prevent its diffusion harm；
3.3 cotton spider mites are prevented and treated
Cotton spider mites (red spider), which will be looked into early, early to be controlled, and controls spot film, and coordination with the synthesis preventing and treating is carried out with testing site periphery cotton field；
Specifically mainly spot film preventing and treating, identified in time when finding and having and endanger strain, using chemicals treatment, control spot film worm sources,
It is required that tow sides spray, while reduce field activity, prevent from, because personnel's machinery accelerates diffusion sprawling, checking after 2-3 days, if any again
Continue to spray, control diffusion sprawling, poured water in time in combination with spray；Or dripped dispenser with drip irrigation；
3.4 control of aphids
Since seedling stage, notice that a situation arises for viewing test field aphid, early period of origination can not generally spray medication, should take spot film
Occur, the strategy of spot film preventing and treating, be controlled by using natural enemy；Specially medicament stem brush, the red green alternate place side of cotton stem is applied to, it is long
2cm~5cm；Harm trend is aggravated if still having, for endangering cotton plant, the sprinkling of medicament spot film, which is chosen, to be controlled.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110455153A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-15 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | A kind of fibre length detection method for cotton plot experiment |
| CN110786217A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-14 | 新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所 | Efficient cultivation technology for mechanically harvesting upland cotton in early and middle maturity of southern Xinjiang |
| CN112314377A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-05 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Cultivation method suitable for improving quality and increasing efficiency of mechanical cotton picking |
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| CN112314377A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-05 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Cultivation method suitable for improving quality and increasing efficiency of mechanical cotton picking |
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