CN107801573B - Method for accelerating growth of pioneer plant suaeda salsa in coastal reclamation land area - Google Patents
Method for accelerating growth of pioneer plant suaeda salsa in coastal reclamation land area Download PDFInfo
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- CN107801573B CN107801573B CN201711160060.XA CN201711160060A CN107801573B CN 107801573 B CN107801573 B CN 107801573B CN 201711160060 A CN201711160060 A CN 201711160060A CN 107801573 B CN107801573 B CN 107801573B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for accelerating the growth of pioneer plant suaeda salsa in a coastal reclamation land area, which comprises the following steps: (1) leveling the land; (2) uniformly marking lines at intervals of 25-75 cm; (3) excavating downwards along the inclined plane every other scribing area, wherein the slope angle of the bottom surface of an excavation surface is more than or equal to 105 degrees and less than or equal to 135 degrees, the excavation depth is 7.5-17.5cm, and excavated soil is uniformly piled in the non-excavation scribing area of the partition wall; (4) spreading excavated soil accumulated in the non-excavated marking area, ridging to form ridge platforms, (5) pressing ridges, and laminating films on the adjacent ridge platforms at intervals of one ridge platform; (6) dividing strip holes at the positions of the two side surfaces of the ridge without the film coating and the distance of 1/2-2/3 from the trench bottom; (7) broadcasting the suaeda salsa seeds in the bar holes according to the amount of 10-20 g/m; (8) and pressing and leveling the side surface of the ridge without the film. The method is simple in construction and strong in operability, and can be used for realizing rapid desalination and desalination of the coastal dredger fill.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for accelerating the growth of suaeda salsa in a coastal hydraulic land area, in particular to a method for accelerating the growth of suaeda salsa in a coastal hydraulic land area.
Background
The coastal dredger fill is sediment soil formed by hydraulic dredger fill by using seabed mud dredged out of offshore sites. Influenced by the seawater environment, the dredger fill has high salt content, strong alkalinity, fine particles (mainly sticky particles), large water holding capacity, high content of ineffective pore water, sticky texture and difficulty in survival of plants. Generally, the earth surface is basically in a light plate ground state within 2 years of hydraulic filling, and no plants survive; in the hydraulic fill, the pioneer plant suaeda salsa only has invasion and scattered growth for 3-4 years, but the biomass is extremely low, and because of rare vegetation, the salt of the hydraulic fill soil is only redistributed continuously between the surface layer and the subsurface layer under the action of precipitation and evaporation; at least more than 5 years of hydraulic filling, the suaeda salsa has larger-scale invasion and growth, and at the moment, under the dual actions of plants and precipitation, the profile soil begins to desalt, so that the quality is improved. Under natural conditions, the quality improvement of the dredger fill completely depends on the growth and the growth of the pioneer plant suaeda salsa, but the early-stage idle time is too long, and the urban ecological construction speed of the existing dredger fill land area cannot be met, so that a technical method for rapidly and efficiently accelerating the invasion and the colonization of the pioneer plant suaeda salsa of the coastal dredger fill in the initial stage of sea reclamation is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for accelerating the growth of pioneer plant suaeda salsa in coastal hydraulic fill land areas, in particular to a technical method for accelerating the growth of suaeda salsa in heavy saline fill land areas with salt content of more than or equal to 25 g/kg.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a technical method for accelerating the growth of pioneer plant suaeda salsa in coastal hydraulic fill land areas comprises the following steps:
(1) leveling the land;
(2) uniformly marking lines at intervals of 25-75 cm;
(3) excavating downwards along the inclined plane every other scribing area, wherein the slope angle of the bottom surface of an excavation surface is more than or equal to 105 degrees and less than or equal to 135 degrees, the excavation depth is 7.5-17.5cm, and excavated soil is uniformly piled in the non-excavation scribing area of the partition wall;
(4) flattening and ridging excavated soil accumulated in the trenchless marking area to form a ridge platform, treading the ridge platform surface, and beating and pressing the side surface to enable the side surface of the accumulated ridge platform and the side surface of the trenchless ridge platform to be in the same plane, and leveling soil on the ridge platform surface;
(5) laminating every two ridges of mesas and laminating the mesas of the adjacent ridges;
(6) monitoring the water content of soil, and when the water content of the soil on the ridge surface is more than or equal to 18%, cutting strip holes at the positions 1/2-2/3 away from the trench bottom on the two side surfaces of the ridge without film coating;
(7) mixing Suaeda glauca seeds with fine sand or sieved fine soil uniformly according to the amount of 10-20g/m, and broadcasting in the bar holes;
(8) and pressing and leveling the side surface of the ridge without the film.
More preferably, the spacing in step (2) is from 25 to 50 cm.
In the method, the ridge in the step (4) is 15-35cm high, the width of the upper surface is 20-40cm, the width of the lower bottom surface is 28-110cm, and the intersection angle between the side surface with the ground is not more than 45 degrees and not more than 75 degrees;
in the method, the covering film in the step (5) is a transparent plastic film with the thickness of 0.03-0.05mm, and the film end is embedded into the bottom of the ridge;
in the technical method, the water content of the soil in the step (6) is 0-20cm of mass water content of the topsoil layer.
In the technical method, the strip-shaped cavities in the step (6) are strip-shaped recesses with the depth of 0.5-1.0cm and the width of 3-5 mm.
In the technical method, the suaeda salsa in the step (7) is suaeda salsa.
In the above technical method, the patting and pressing in step (8) is performed manually by patting and pressing with a shovel-like tool or by treading and pressing with feet or the like.
In the technical method, the coastal hydraulic reclamation land area is at the initial stage of sea reclamation.
The invention also provides application of the method in coastal hydraulic reclamation land areas at the initial stage of sea reclamation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the initial stage of reclamation by sea, the salt content of the reclamation soil is extremely high (generally more than 30 g/kg), the alkalinity is extremely high, the texture is sticky, the tamarix chinensis, suaeda salsa and other strong salt-tolerant and halophytes cannot invade and colonize, the sedimentation is generally required to be at least more than 3 years, the suaeda salsa of the pioneer plant starts to invade, but the biomass is extremely low, the suaeda salsa planting technology of the coastal reclamation soil constructed by the invention has particularly remarkable construction effect aiming at the high-saline-alkaline reclamation soil quilt system in the initial stage of reclamation by sea, the coverage rate of the reclamation by sea can be improved to about 40% in the current year, the coverage rate of the reclamation by sea can reach more than 65% in the second year, and the time for invading the suaeda pioneer plant of the reclamation by sea is advanced by at least 3-5 years by; the invention has simple construction, strong operability and low cost, can realize the rapid desalination and desalination of the coastal dredger fill, and has remarkable social, economic and environmental benefits.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
A technical method for accelerating the growth of suaeda salsa, a pioneer plant in coastal hydraulic fill land areas, mainly comprises ridging and interval film covering, promoting the formation of a relatively suitable planting environment at the waist part of the side of the ridge without the film covering, sowing and accelerating the rapid invasion and growth of the suaeda salsa.
Example (b):
the example test starts in 5 Yue of 2016, and is developed on the research foundation of original soil greening test of Tada greening group in the Nangang industrial area of Tianjin City, the test foundation is a zone of blowing and filling in the enclosed sea for 3 years and has an area of 2000m2(100m is multiplied by 20m), the average salt content of a 0-40cm surface soil layer is 37.6g/kg, the pH value is 8.29, and no plant survives in the open field.
A technical method for accelerating the growth of pioneer plant suaeda salsa in coastal reclamation land areas at the initial stage of coastal reclamation comprises the following specific implementation steps: leveling the test land; uniformly marking lines at intervals of 30 cm; excavating downwards along the inclined plane every other scribing area, wherein the slope angle of the bottom surface of the excavation surface is 120 degrees, the excavation depth is 12.5cm, and the excavated soil is uniformly stacked in the non-excavation scribing area of the partition wall; spreading excavated soil accumulated in an trenchless scribing area, ridging to form ridge platforms, wherein the ridge platforms are 25cm high, 30cm wide in upper surface and 59cm wide in lower bottom surface, uniformly treading ridge platform surfaces by feet according to certain force, pressing the side surfaces by shovels to enable the side surfaces of the accumulated ridge platforms and the side surfaces of the trenchless ridge platforms to be in the same plane, and raking the ridge platform surfaces; according to ridges, covering a transparent plastic film with the thickness of 0.03mm on the adjacent ridge table surface every other ridge table surface, and embedding the film end into the bottom of the ridge table; monitoring the soil mass water content of a topsoil layer with the thickness of 0-20cm on the ridge table surface, and when the water content is 18.6%, marking a strip-shaped recess with the depth of 0.5-1.0cm and the width of 3-5mm at the position of 1/2 distance from the trench bottom on the two side surfaces of the ridge table without film covering; uniformly stirring Suaeda salsa seeds with fine sand or sieved fine soil according to the amount of 15g/m (unit length of the ditch), and sowing in the holes; the side surfaces of the ridge platforms without films are compacted and leveled by treading with feet.
The seedlings of the common seepweed herb planted in the test field are more orderly, and the maximum coverage of the common seepweed herb in autumn reaches 35.8 percent; in autumn of the second year of planting, the suaeda glauca coverage reaches 67.2%, and in a wild control area under the same field condition, the ground surface is bare, no plant survives, and compared with the control, the invention has obvious effect on accelerating the invasion and the survival of the suaeda glauca in the coastal dredger fill pioneer plant saline land.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for accelerating the growth of pioneer plant suaeda salsa in coastal hydraulic reclamation land areas is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) leveling the land;
(2) uniformly marking lines at intervals of 25-75 cm;
(3) excavating downwards along the inclined plane every other scribing area, wherein the slope angle of the bottom surface of an excavation surface is more than or equal to 105 degrees and less than or equal to 135 degrees, the excavation depth is 7.5-17.5cm, and excavated soil is uniformly piled in the non-excavation scribing area of the partition wall;
(4) flattening and ridging excavated soil accumulated in the trenchless marking area to form a ridge platform, treading the ridge platform surface, and beating and pressing the side surface to enable the side surface of the accumulated ridge platform and the side surface of the trenchless ridge platform to be in the same plane, and leveling soil on the ridge platform surface;
(5) laminating every two ridges of mesas and laminating the mesas of the adjacent ridges;
(6) monitoring the water content of soil, and when the water content of the soil on the ridge surface is more than or equal to 18%, cutting strip holes at the positions 1/2-2/3 away from the trench bottom on the two side surfaces of the ridge without film coating;
(7) mixing Suaeda glauca seeds with fine sand or sieved fine soil uniformly according to the amount of 10-20g/m, and broadcasting in the bar holes;
(8) pressing and leveling the side surface of the ridge without the film;
the coastal hydraulic reclamation land area is at the initial stage of sea reclamation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pioneer plant suaeda salsa is planted in the coastal dredger fill land area by the method comprising the following steps: the distance in the step (2) is 25-50 cm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the pioneer plant suaeda salsa is planted in the coastal dredger fill land area by the method comprising the following steps: the ridge in the step (4) has the height of 15-35cm, the width of the upper surface of 20-40cm, the width of the lower bottom surface of 28-110cm and the intersection angle between the side surface with the ground of not more than 45 degrees and not more than 75 degrees.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the pioneer plant suaeda salsa is planted in the coastal dredger fill land area by the method comprising the following steps: in the step (5), the covering film is a transparent plastic film with the thickness of 0.03-0.05mm, and the film end is embedded into the bottom of the ridge.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the pioneer plant suaeda salsa is planted in the coastal dredger fill land area by the method comprising the following steps: and (6) the soil moisture content is 0-20cm of mass moisture content of the topsoil layer.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pioneer plant suaeda salsa is planted in the coastal dredger fill land area by the method comprising the following steps: in the step (6), the strip-shaped cavities are strip-shaped recesses with the depth of 0.5-1.0cm and the width of 3-5 mm.
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| CN108702889A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-26 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of heavy saline-alkali area at seashore low cost, the method for quick ecological reparation |
| CN110771295A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-11 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for extreme saline-alkali soil |
| CN111374020A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-07 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Dredger fill afforestation process method |
| CN111373995B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-08-10 | 江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区管理处 | Planting method and application of suaeda salsa on coastal beach saline land |
| CN111527819B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2022-08-09 | 北京师范大学 | Method for repairing suaeda salsa in coastal wetland |
| CN111758327A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-13 | 北京师范大学 | Ridge supporting and plastic ditch repairing method for suaeda salsa in coastal degraded wetland |
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| CN102057828A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-05-18 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for planting poplar trees on coast saline-alkali soil by utilizing saline water |
| CN102301906B (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-11-28 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Method for planting cotton in coastal heavy saline-alkali land |
| CN104365301B (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2018-12-28 | 青岛优蒜农副产品有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil peanut tectorial implantation method |
| CN103875404B (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2016-09-07 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of the flat of salt-soda soil peanut yield that improve makees film-covering planting mode |
| CN105123208A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-09 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | Method for planting wheat on saline and alkaline land |
| CN106857156A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-20 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of technical method of strand hydraulic reclamation open ground low cost greening |
| CN206517898U (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-09-26 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of strand hydraulic reclamation open ground low cost greening Long Xiang areas field |
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Address after: No. 26 Muning Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Binhai New Area, Tianjin, 300457 Patentee after: Tianjin TEDA Green Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 26 Muning Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Binhai New Area, Tianjin, 300457 Patentee before: TIANJIN TEDA GREENING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address after: No. 26 Muning Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Binhai New Area, Tianjin, 300457 Patentee after: Tianjin TEDA Green Technology Group Co., Ltd. Address before: No. 26 Muning Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Binhai New Area, Tianjin, 300457 Patentee before: Tianjin TEDA Green Technology Group Co.,Ltd. |
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