CN107801518B

CN107801518B - Device for researching absorption influence of intercropping on plant root system

Info

Publication number: CN107801518B
Application number: CN201711245349.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张佳蕾; 万书波; 郭峰; 李新国; 张正; 杨莎; 耿耘; 孟静静
Original assignee: Biotechnology Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Biotechnology Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2017-12-01
Filing date: 2017-12-01
Publication date: 2023-03-28
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-01
Also published as: CN107801518A

Abstract

The invention provides a device for researching the absorption influence of intercropping on a plant root system, which comprises an incubator, wherein the lower part of the incubator is provided with a base for supporting the incubator, the inside of the incubator is divided into a root system separation culture area and a control group culture area by a main clapboard, the root system separation culture area is provided with an auxiliary clapboard parallel to the main clapboard, and the root system separation culture area is divided into two parts by the auxiliary clapboard; be equipped with the lifting device in the base, the curb plate of at least one side of incubator is detachable construction, and the lifting device can push up one side of incubator and make the incubator incline to detachable curb plate side. According to the invention, the main partition plate and the auxiliary partition plate are arranged in the incubator to divide experimental crops, one side of the incubator can be jacked up to conveniently perform soil replacement operation after the experiment is finished, the separation effect is good, the experimental data is more accurate, and the workload is greatly reduced compared with the original method for separating root systems in an experimental field.

Description

Device for researching absorption influence of intercropping on plant root system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of crop cultivation research, in particular to a device for researching the absorption influence of intercropping on a plant root system.

Background

The intercropping refers to a planting mode of planting two or more than two crops in the same field in the same growth period in rows or zones at intervals. The land utilization rate can be improved by intercropping, the interception and absorption of sunlight can be increased by a crop composite group formed by intercropping, and the waste of light energy is reduced; meanwhile, the two crops can also produce complementary action by intercropping.

For example, intercropping between legumes and gramineous crops can relieve the "nitrogen repression" effect of biological nitrogen fixation in legumes. In the leguminous/gramineous intercropping system, gramineous plants absorb and utilize more nitrogen in the soil, thereby reducing the nitrogen concentration in the soil. On one hand, the intercropping ensures that the non-leguminous crops obtain sufficient nitrogen nutrition and the yield is increased remarkably; on the other hand, the reduction of the nitrogen concentration of the soil promotes nodulation and nitrogen fixation of the leguminous crops, realizes ecological niche separation of the nitrogen utilization of the gramineous crops and the leguminous crops, reduces interspecific competition, and obtains higher yield. In addition, the leguminous crops and the gramineous crops have mutual complementary action on the utilization of phosphorus, and the peanut and corn intercropping can obviously improve the yellowing symptom of the peanuts caused by iron deficiency.

The efficient utilization of nutrients in the intercropping system has the advantages that nutrients such as P, fe, zn, cu and the like in soil are activated through root secretion, and crops with weak capacity of activating nutrients for roots intercropped with the intercropping system are supplied, or crops with weak capacity of fixing N-containing nutrients for intercropping with the intercropping system are supplied. The research on nutrient absorption of an intercropping system mostly utilizes an isotope labeling technology and a root system separation device. At present, the root system of an experimental group is separated in a field by an intercropping system experimental method, a cutting device is generally a nylon net separation device and a plastic film separation device, the root system needs to be dug in the field for more than 1 meter to be arranged, the operation is complex, the workload is large, and the effect is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device which is simple in structure, convenient to operate and good in separation effect and is used for researching the absorption influence of intercropping on the plant root system.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a device for researching the absorption influence of intercropping on plant roots comprises an incubator, wherein a base for supporting the incubator is arranged at the lower part of the incubator, the inside of the incubator is divided into a root system separation culture area and a control group culture area through a main clapboard, the root system separation culture area is provided with an auxiliary clapboard parallel to the main clapboard, and the root system separation culture area is divided into two parts by the auxiliary clapboard; be equipped with the lifting device in the base, the curb plate of at least one side of incubator is detachable construction, and the lifting device can push up one side of incubator and make the incubator incline to detachable curb plate side. By adopting the technical scheme, intercropping experimental crops can be planted and cultured in the incubator, the control group crops and the experimental group crops are divided by adopting the main partition plate, and the crop roots of the experimental group are divided by adopting the auxiliary partition plate; after the intercropping experiment is finished, the side plate on one side is disassembled, the lifting device pushes up the other side of the incubator, and the main partition plate and the auxiliary partition plate are taken out to unload soil in the incubator from the disassembled side plate, so that the operation is convenient and quick.

The improvement ground, the inner wall at incubator both ends is equipped with the fixed position of a plurality of baffle, and the fixed position of baffle includes two fixed strips that are fixed in on the incubator inner wall, and the inner wall of incubator between two fixed strips and forms a fixed slot, and the bottom of fixed slot is equipped with a curved sunken, and the both sides of main baffle and vice baffle all are equipped with flexible side sealing strip, and two fixed slot internal fixations on the inner wall of incubator both ends are inserted respectively to the both sides of main baffle or vice baffle, and the side sealing strip is impressed in the sunken of fixed slot bottom. By adopting the technical scheme, the main partition plate or the auxiliary partition plate can be inserted and fixed along the fixing groove, so that the disassembly is convenient; the both sides and the base of main baffle and vice baffle set up the side sealing strip, and the fixed slot bottom sets up sunkenly, can prevent the gap seepage through the vice baffle both sides of main baffle after side sealing strip and the sealed cooperation of sunken contact, reach better separation effect.

In an improved mode, the outer sides of the two fixing strips of the partition plate fixing position are inclined towards the middle of the two fixing strips, and the cross section of the fixing strips is in a shape like a Chinese character 'ba'. Adopt this technical scheme can reduce the area of contact of main baffle or vice baffle and fixed strip, reduce and get into the fixed slot along frictional force when the fixed slot inserts with earth after to inserting the retardation of action, can strengthen the fixed strength of the fixed position of baffle simultaneously.

The bottom of the main partition board and the bottom of the auxiliary partition board are both provided with bottom edge sealing strips, the bottom of the incubator is provided with arc-shaped recesses corresponding to the fixing positions of the partition boards, and the bottom edge sealing strips are pressed into the recesses. This scheme of adoption can prevent the liquid manure seepage of main baffle and vice baffle bottom, and the effect is separated in the reinforcing, makes the experimental data more accurate.

Furthermore, one side of the bottom of the incubator is axially connected to the base, the lifting device comprises two push rods, a pull head and a power device connected with the pull head, one end of one push rod is hinged to the bottom of the incubator, the other end of the other push rod is hinged to the base, the other end of the other push rod is hinged to the pull head, and the power device drives the pull head to reciprocate to control one side of the push rod to push up or fall down the incubator. The technical scheme has simple and reliable mechanism and is easier to maintain on the premise of realizing the lifting function.

The power device is a motor fixed on the base, an output shaft of the motor is connected with a screw rod, the puller is provided with a thread sleeve matched with the screw rod, and the motor drives the screw rod to rotate forwards and backwards to enable the thread sleeve and the puller to reciprocate. The structure that adopts the motor to add the lead screw silk cover changes in controlling the operation of lifting, and this scheme is small, and the reliability is high, and is with low costs, easy to maintain.

Preferably, the side plates of the incubator are fixed to the incubator by bolts. The technical scheme has the advantages of simple structure, easy disassembly and low cost.

In an improved mode, the bottom of the base is provided with a travelling wheel.

A pressing sheet is fixed at each partition plate fixing position on the incubator through a fixing screw, the end of each pressing sheet extends into the incubator, and a compression screw used for compressing the main partition plate or the auxiliary partition plate is arranged at the end of each pressing sheet. This technical scheme can make the cooperation of main baffle and vice baffle bottom and incubator bottom follow tightly, prevents the mutual seepage of liquid manure.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the main partition plate and the auxiliary partition plate are arranged in the incubator, so that experimental crops are divided, one side of the incubator can be jacked up to conveniently carry out soil replacement operation after the experiment is finished, the separation effect is good, the experimental data is more accurate, and the workload is greatly reduced compared with the original root system separation in an experimental field; in addition, the scheme of the invention can be used for indoor culture, occupies small area and can simulate various environments according to experimental requirements.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view showing the arrangement of a main partition and an auxiliary partition in an incubator;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the auxiliary partition plate and the bottom of the incubator;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the fitting structure of the pressing sheet and the auxiliary partition plate;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the auxiliary partition board matching with the fixing board and the pressing board.

Shown in the figure: 1. the cultivation box comprises a cultivation box body, 2 parts of a base, 3 parts of a main partition board, 4 parts of an auxiliary partition board, 5 parts of a root system partition cultivation area, 6 parts of a control group cultivation area, 7 parts of a pushing device, 8 parts of side plates, 9 parts of a partition board fixing position, 10 parts of a fixing strip, 11 parts of a fixing groove, 12 parts of a side sealing strip, 13 parts of a bottom edge sealing strip, 14 parts of a recess, 15 parts of a push rod, 16 parts of a pull head, 17 parts of a motor, 18 parts of a screw rod, 19 parts of a screw sleeve, 20 parts of a walking wheel, 21 parts of a fixing screw, 22 parts of a compression screw, 23 parts of a pressing sheet.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the device for studying the effect of intercropping on the absorption of plant roots comprises a rectangular incubator 1, wherein a base 2 for supporting the incubator 1 is arranged at the lower part of the incubator 1, the incubator 1 is internally divided into a root system separation culture area 5 and a control group culture area 6 by a main clapboard 3 arranged along the length direction, the root system separation culture area 5 is provided with an auxiliary clapboard 4 parallel to the main clapboard 3, and the root system separation culture area 5 is divided into two parts by the auxiliary clapboard 4; be equipped with in the base 2 and push up device 7, on the curb plate 8 of incubator 1 one side was fixed in incubator 1 through the bolt, push up device 7 can push up one side of incubator 1 and make incubator 1 incline to curb plate 8 side.

The inner wall at 1 both ends of incubator is equipped with the fixed position 9 of a plurality of baffle, the fixed position 9 of baffle includes two fixed strips 10 that are fixed in on 1 inner wall of incubator, the inner wall of incubator 1 between two fixed strips 10 and forms a fixed slot 11, the bottom of fixed slot 11 is equipped with a curved sunken 14, the both sides of main baffle 3 and vice baffle 4 all are equipped with flexible side sealing strip 12, two fixed slot 11 internal fixations on 1 both ends inner wall of incubator are inserted respectively to the both sides of main baffle 3 or vice baffle 4, side sealing strip 12 impresses in the sunken 14 of fixed slot 11 bottoms.

The outer sides of the two fixing strips 10 of the clapboard fixing position 9 are inclined towards the middle of the clapboard fixing position and the cross section of the clapboard fixing position is in a shape of Chinese character 'ba'.

Bottom edge sealing strips 13 are arranged at the bottoms of the main partition plate 3 and the auxiliary partition plate 4, an arc-shaped recess 14 is formed in the position, corresponding to the partition plate fixing position 9, of the bottom of the incubator 1, and the bottom edge sealing strips 13 are pressed into the recess 14.

One side of the bottom of the incubator 1 is coupled to the base 2 by a shaft, the lifting device 7 comprises two push rods 15, a pull head 16 and a power device connected with the pull head 16, one end of one push rod 15 is hinged to the other end of the bottom of the incubator 1 and hinged to the pull head 16, one end of the other push rod 15 is hinged to the base 2, the other end of the other push rod 15 is hinged to the pull head 16, the power device is a motor 17 fixed on the base 2, an output shaft of the motor 17 is connected with a screw rod 18, a screw sleeve 19 matched with the screw rod 18 is arranged on the pull head 16, and the motor 17 drives the screw rod 18 to rotate forward and backward to enable the screw sleeve 19 and the pull head 16 to reciprocate.

The bottom of the base 2 is provided with a travelling wheel 20.

A pressing sheet 23 is fixed at each partition fixing position 9 on the incubator 1 through a fixing screw 21, the end of the pressing sheet 23 extends into the incubator 1, and a compression screw 22 for compressing the main partition 3 or the auxiliary partition 4 is arranged at the end of the pressing sheet 23.

During the use, main baffle 3 and vice baffle 4 select to insert the side in the fixed slot 11 of corresponding baffle fixed position 9 according to the actual experiment demand, and from last push down, until the base sealing strip 13 of main baffle 3 and vice baffle 4 impresses in the sunken 14 of incubator 1 bottom, loosen the fixed screw 21 of fixed preforming 23, rotate preforming 23 to main baffle 3 or vice baffle 4 top, it is fixed with preforming 23 to tighten up fixed screw 21, tighten hold-down screw 22, the side sealing strip 12 of main baffle 3 and vice baffle 4 and the sunken 14 surface of fixed slot 11 bottom this moment, closely laminate, to adding the earth of usefulness of cultivateing in incubator 1, then plant the experimental crop, the experimental group kind is at root system partition culture district 5, the control group is planted in control group culture district 6. The experiment finishes, removes the crop, and control motor 17 rotates the one end jack-up with incubator 1, pulls down one side curb plate 8, pulls down main baffle 3 and vice baffle 4 and utilizes instruments such as spade to shovel earth from one side of taking apart, has shoveled the back and has installed curb plate 8 back, and control motor 17 reversal resets incubator 1. The bottom of the base 2 is provided with a walking wheel 20 which can move according to the needs. The number of the sub-partitions 4 may be set according to the number of species of intercropping plants. The incubator 1 can also adopt a detachable structure with side plates 8 at two sides to eradicate the soil. Sensors such as temperature and humidity can also be arranged in the incubator 1 to monitor the temperature and humidity of the soil in real time.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a device for studying intercropping absorbs influence to plant roots which characterized in that: the device comprises an incubator, wherein a base used for supporting the incubator is arranged at the lower part of the incubator, the inside of the incubator is divided into a root system separation culture area and a control group culture area through a main clapboard, the root system separation culture area is provided with an auxiliary clapboard parallel to the main clapboard, and the root system separation culture area is divided into two parts by the auxiliary clapboard; a pushing device is arranged in the base, a side plate on at least one side of the incubator is of a detachable structure, and the pushing device can push up one side of the incubator to enable the incubator to incline towards the detachable side plate;

the inner walls at the two ends of the incubator are provided with a plurality of baffle fixing positions, each baffle fixing position comprises two fixing strips fixed on the inner wall of the incubator, a fixing groove is formed between the two fixing strips and the inner wall of the incubator, the bottom of each fixing groove is provided with an arc-shaped recess, flexible side sealing strips are arranged on the two sides of each main baffle and each auxiliary baffle, the two sides of each main baffle or each auxiliary baffle are respectively inserted into the two fixing grooves on the inner walls at the two ends of the incubator to be fixed, and the side sealing strips are pressed into the recesses at the bottoms of the fixing grooves; the outer sides of the two fixing strips of the partition plate fixing position are inclined towards the middle of the two fixing strips, and the cross section of each fixing strip is in a shape like a Chinese character 'ba';

bottom edge sealing strips are arranged at the bottoms of the main partition plate and the auxiliary partition plate, an arc-shaped recess is formed in the position, corresponding to the partition plate fixing position, of the bottom of the incubator, and the bottom edge sealing strips are pressed into the recess;

one side of the bottom of the incubator is axially connected to the base, the lifting device comprises two push rods, a pull head and a power device connected with the pull head, one end of one push rod is hinged to the bottom of the incubator, the other end of the other push rod is hinged to the base, the other end of the other push rod is hinged to the pull head, and the power device drives the pull head to reciprocate to control the push rods to push up or fall down one side of the incubator;

the power device is a motor fixed on the base, an output shaft of the motor is connected with a screw rod, the puller is provided with a thread sleeve matched with the screw rod, and the motor drives the screw rod to rotate forwards and backwards to enable the thread sleeve and the puller to reciprocate.

2. The device for studying the effect of intercropping on plant root absorption of claim 1, wherein: the side plate of the incubator is fixed on the incubator through a bolt.

3. The device for studying the effect of intercropping on plant root absorption of claim 1, wherein: and the bottom of the base is provided with a travelling wheel.

4. The device for studying the effect of intercropping on plant root absorption of claim 1, wherein: a pressing sheet is fixed at each partition plate fixing position on the incubator through a fixing screw, the end of each pressing sheet extends into the incubator, and a compression screw used for compressing the main partition plate or the auxiliary partition plate is arranged at the end of each pressing sheet.