CN107795617B - Brake cylinder clearance adjustment mechanism, guide and adjustment blocking module and brake cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a brake cylinder clearance adjusting mechanism, a guide resistance adjusting module and a brake cylinder, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle braking. The inner end of a piston tube nested in the inner cavity of a cylinder cover tube of the mechanism is axially fixedly connected with a piston; the outer end of the piston tube is fixedly connected with the guide adjuster body, and a square key groove and a wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove are axially formed in the cylinder cover tube; the taper sleeve and the guide nut are arranged in the guide resistance adjuster body, the end faces of the taper sleeve and the guide nut, which are far away from the engagement, are respectively abutted against the resistance adjusting spring and the guide spring; an adjusting screw rod shaft screwed with the adjusting nut is arranged in the inner hole of the guide nut, and a bevel gear sliding sleeve is arranged outside the adjusting nut; the outer circle of the bevel gear sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with a square key of a key groove above the cylinder cover pipe, a wedge-shaped adjusting block with an adjustable radial position is arranged in a wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove of the cylinder cover pipe, and the adjacent ends of the square key and the wedge-shaped adjusting block are respectively provided with an outer wedge-shaped surface and an inner wedge-shaped surface. The invention realizes the adjustment of the maximum non-adjustment travel value of the brake cylinder and ensures the stability of the gap adjustment quantity.

Description

Brake cylinder clearance adjustment mechanism, guide and adjustment blocking module and brake cylinder

Technical Field

The invention relates to a clearance adjusting mechanism, in particular to a brake cylinder clearance adjusting mechanism, a guide resistance adjusting module and a brake cylinder, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle braking.

Background

To the applicant's knowledge, in the currently common brake caliper unit constructions with a lash adjustment function, the relief clearance in its steady state is generally determined by the maximum non-adjustment travel of the brake cylinder, which travel depends on the relative part dimensions of the brake cylinder lash adjustment mechanism. For a long time, the structure of the traditional brake cylinder determines the maximum non-adjustment travel after the size of the parts is determined, so that the release clearance of the brake clamp in the stable state is a determined value. To change the relief clearance, the relevant parts in the brake cylinder clearance adjustment mechanism must be replaced.

The search discovers that the Chinese patent document with the application number of CN201210221661.8 discloses a unit brake cylinder which comprises a brake cylinder body, a reset mechanism and a clearance adjusting mechanism, wherein an air inlet is arranged on the brake cylinder body, a brake piston is arranged in the brake cylinder body, and the brake piston comprises a piston body matched with the inner wall of the brake cylinder body and a piston tube extending from the middle part of the piston body to one side; one end of the brake cylinder body is fixedly connected with a cylinder cover; a release spring is arranged between the cylinder cover and the piston body of the brake piston; the cylinder cover is provided with a central pipe, the periphery of a piston pipe of the brake piston is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the central pipe of the cylinder cover, and the end part of the piston pipe extends out of the central pipe; the reset mechanism comprises a screw rod; the clearance adjustment mechanism comprises a guide nut assembly and an adjusting nut assembly, the guide nut assembly comprises a piston tube cover, a guide nut, a guide spring, a first bearing and a taper sleeve, the adjusting nut assembly comprises an adjusting nut, a bevel gear sliding sleeve, an adjusting spring and a second bearing, the technical scheme is simple in structure and sensitive and accurate in adjustment compared with the prior art (see 200980853.2), however, the clearance of the clearance adjustment mechanism cannot be adjusted under the condition that parts are not replaced, and therefore the adaptability is poor.

In addition, chinese patent application number CN200820218260.6 discloses a clearance adjustment mechanism in a service unit brake cylinder, which can adjust the clearance adjustment amount without replacing parts, so that the flexibility of adapting the brake cylinder and even the whole brake clamp device to different disc clearance requirements is improved. However, the basic structure and the action principle of the brake cylinder are obviously different from those of the two patents, the clearance adjusting block and the adjusting clamping ring of the adjusting mechanism are subjected to the axial load, and the adjusting direction of the adjusting clamping ring is also axial, so that the screw thread is easy to loosen due to the working load, other anti-loosening measures are necessary to ensure the stability of clearance adjustment, and the complexity of the structure is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at: aiming at the problems in the prior art, through structural improvement, the brake cylinder clearance adjusting mechanism which can adjust the maximum non-adjusting stroke value of the brake cylinder as required through simple and convenient adjustment and is stable and reliable is provided, so that the adaptive adjustment and control of the clearance relieving value under the stable state of the brake clamp are realized.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the basic technical scheme of the brake cylinder clearance adjusting mechanism of the invention is as follows: the cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a cylinder cover and a cylinder cover pipe which are mutually and fixedly connected, wherein a piston pipe which forms an axial moving pair with the cylinder cover pipe is nested in the inner cavity of the cylinder cover pipe, the inner end of the piston pipe is axially and fixedly connected with a piston positioned in the cylinder body, and a release spring is arranged between the cylinder cover pipe and the piston; the outer end of the piston tube is fixedly connected with a tubular guide resistance adjuster body, and a square key groove and a wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove are axially formed in the cylinder cover tube; the guide anti-adjustment device comprises a guide anti-adjustment device body, wherein a taper sleeve and a guide nut with end faces meshed are arranged in the guide anti-adjustment device body, and one ends, far away from the meshing, of the taper sleeve and the guide nut are respectively abutted against an anti-adjustment spring and a guide spring; an adjusting screw shaft with the inner end screwed with the adjusting nut is arranged in the inner hole of the guide nut, and a bevel gear sliding sleeve with the end face meshed with the adjusting screw shaft is arranged outside the adjusting nut; the excircle of awl tooth sliding sleeve links firmly with the square key that radially extends cylinder cap pipe top keyway, the wedge adjusting block mounting groove of cylinder cap pipe is equipped with radial position adjustable wedge adjusting block, the adjacent end of square key and wedge adjusting block has outer wedge face and interior wedge face respectively.

After the invention is adopted, the original functions of the unit brake cylinder are unchanged, and because the radial position of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is adjustable, when the wedge-shaped adjusting block is radially displaced, the axial distance between the outer wedge-shaped surface and the inner wedge-shaped surface at the adjacent end of the square key is changed, thereby realizing the adjustment of the maximum non-adjustment stroke value of the brake cylinder, which is determined by the maximum axial relative displacement of the square key in the square key groove of the cylinder cover pipe. In addition, the adjusting direction of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is radial and is orthogonal to the axial load direction, and the plurality of guide pins arranged on the wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove provide effective axial support for the wedge-shaped adjusting block, so that looseness caused by axial load during operation is effectively prevented, and the stability of a brake clamp release clearance value is ensured.

The improvement of the invention is as follows:

the cylinder cover pipe is connected with the cylinder cover through threads, and a square key groove and a wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove are formed in the axial direction.

The wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove of the cylinder cover pipe and the matching position on the wedge-shaped adjusting block are provided with a plurality of guide pin mounting holes and adjusting screw mounting holes, and the wedge-shaped adjusting block is mounted on the cylinder cover pipe through the guide pin and the adjusting screw.

And a wave spring is arranged on the contact surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove of the cylinder cover pipe.

And the piston tube is axially provided with key grooves, and the circumferential distribution positions and the groove widths of the key grooves are matched with those of key grooves above the cylinder cover tube.

And a relieving spring is axially arranged on the outer side of the piston pipe, one end of the relieving spring is contacted with the inner side of the piston, and the other end of the relieving spring is contacted with the end part of the cylinder cover pipe.

And an adjusting spring is arranged on the outer circular surface of the adjusting nut, one end of the adjusting spring is contacted with the end surface of the adjusting spring retainer ring, and the other end of the adjusting spring is contacted with the adjusting spring bearing.

The front section of the adjusting nut is circumferentially provided with end teeth matched with end teeth of the bevel gear sliding sleeve.

The guide is blocked and is transferred to have on the ladder outer cylinder of body one end and is blocked and transfer the screw thread that the ware module was installed on the piston tube with guide, have on the other end inner cylinder and be directed and hinder the screw thread that transfer the ware end cover.

The guide nut is arranged in the guide resistor end cover, and an inner hole of the guide nut is provided with trapezoidal threads matched with the screw threads of the screw rod.

A guide nut bearing and a guide spring are respectively arranged between the guide nut and the guide adjuster end cover along the axial direction; the end face of the guide nut bearing is limited by the guide nut step face, one end of the guide spring is contacted with the guide nut bearing, and the other end of the guide spring is contacted with the end face of the inner side of the guide resistor adjuster end cover.

One end of the guide nut is provided with a circumferential end tooth matched with the upper end tooth of the taper sleeve, and guide keys which are nested in corresponding key grooves of an inner hole of the guide resistor end cover are distributed on the circumferential direction of the taper sleeve.

And a resistance adjusting gasket is arranged at one step surface of the inner hole wall of the guide resistance adjuster body, and keys matched with corresponding key grooves on the adjusting nut are circumferentially arranged on the inner hole wall of the resistance adjusting gasket.

The resistance adjusting spring is arranged between the other stepped surface of the inner hole wall of the guide resistance adjuster body and the stepped surface of the taper sleeve.

The elasticity of the resistance adjusting spring is larger than that of the guiding spring.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a guide resistor module comprising a guide resistor housing, a guide nut, a guide spring, and a taper sleeve, the guide nut, the guide spring, and the taper sleeve being disposed within the guide resistor housing, a) the taper sleeve being non-rotatably mounted within the guide resistor housing and axially movable within the guide resistor housing; b) A matched structure which can be mutually connected or separated is arranged between the guide nut and the taper sleeve, and when the guide nut is separated from the taper sleeve, the guide nut can relatively guide the rotation of the anti-adjustment device shell; c) The guide resistance adjustment module further includes: the anti-adjustment gasket and the anti-adjustment spring are both positioned on one side of the taper sleeve away from the guide nut; d) The anti-adjustment gasket is rotatably arranged in the guide anti-adjustment device shell, the taper sleeve is provided with a first position which is abutted or attached to one end of the anti-adjustment gasket, and a second position which is far away from the anti-adjustment gasket, and the other end of the anti-adjustment gasket is a circumferential constraint connecting end; e) One end of the resistance adjusting spring is abutted with the taper sleeve, and the other end of the resistance adjusting spring is abutted with the inner hole wall of the guide resistance adjuster shell.

Further, the matching structure between the guide nut and the taper sleeve is meshed by end teeth, and one end of the guide nut is provided with end teeth which are matched with the end teeth on the taper sleeve.

Further, one end of the guide nut is provided with a circumferential end tooth matched with the upper end tooth of the taper sleeve, and the guide nut is meshed with the end tooth of the taper sleeve under the action of the guide spring.

Further, when the taper sleeve is positioned at the first position, the taper sleeve compresses the anti-adjustment spring and is abutted or attached to the anti-adjustment gasket, and the taper sleeve is used for limiting the rotation of the connecting piece which is in circumferential constraint connection with the anti-adjustment gasket; when the taper sleeve is positioned at the second position, a gap is reserved between the taper sleeve and the anti-adjustment gasket.

Further, the anti-adjustment gasket is rotatably arranged on the first step surface of the inner hole wall of the guide anti-adjustment device shell; the anti-adjustment spring is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of one end of the taper sleeve, which is far away from the guide nut, one end of the anti-adjustment spring is abutted with the stepped surface of the taper sleeve, and the other end of the anti-adjustment spring is abutted with the second stepped surface of the inner hole wall of the guide anti-adjustment device shell; the second stepped surface of the inner wall of the guide resistor housing is closer to the guide nut than the first stepped surface of the inner wall of the guide resistor housing.

Further, the first stepped surface of the inner hole wall of the guide resistor housing is positioned at the smaller inner diameter of the inner hole wall of the guide resistor housing, and the second stepped surface of the inner hole wall of the guide resistor housing is positioned at the larger inner diameter of the inner hole wall of the guide resistor housing.

Further, the elastic force of the adjustment blocking spring is larger than that of the guide spring.

Further, the guide resistor and adjuster shell comprises a guide resistor and adjuster body and a guide resistor and adjuster end cover, wherein the resistor and adjuster gasket, the resistor and adjuster spring, the guide nut, the guide spring and the taper sleeve are all arranged in the guide resistor and adjuster body, and the guide resistor and adjuster end cover is arranged at one end of the guide resistor and adjuster body for accommodating the guide nut; the inner hole of the guide nut is provided with threads for screwing with the adjusting screw shaft; the guide spring is sleeved at one end of the guide nut far away from the taper sleeve, one end of the guide spring is abutted with the guide nut, and the other end of the guide spring is abutted with the guide adjuster end cover; when the guide nut is separated from the taper sleeve, the guide nut can rotate relative to the guide adjuster body; when the taper sleeve is positioned at the first position, the taper sleeve compresses the resistance adjusting spring and is abutted or attached to the resistance adjusting gasket, and the taper sleeve is used for limiting the connecting piece which is circumferentially restrained and connected with the resistance adjusting gasket to rotate relative to the adjusting screw rod shaft.

Further, the inner hole wall of the anti-adjustment gasket is circumferentially provided with a key for mating with a corresponding keyway on the connector.

Further, the guide resistor body comprises a thin diameter section with external threads on the outer cylindrical surface of one end step, and is used for being installed on the piston tube; the guide resistor body further comprises a thick-diameter section with an internal thread on the cylindrical surface of the inner hole at the other end, and the internal thread is used for being in threaded connection with the guide resistor end cover.

Further, the first step surface of the inner hole wall of the guide resistor and regulator body is positioned at the smaller inner diameter of the inner hole wall of the guide resistor and regulator body and positioned on the small diameter section; the second step surface of the inner hole wall of the guide resistor is positioned at the larger inner diameter of the inner hole wall of the guide resistor and positioned on the thick diameter section.

Further, a guide nut is mounted in the guide resistor end cap, and an inner hole of the guide nut is provided with trapezoidal threads matched with the adjusting screw rod shaft.

Further, a guide nut bearing and a guide spring are respectively arranged between the step surface of the guide nut and the inner side end surface of the guide resistor adjuster end cover along the axial direction; the end face of the guide nut bearing is limited by the guide nut stepped surface, one end of the guide spring is abutted or contacted with the guide nut bearing, and the other end of the guide spring is abutted or contacted with the end face of the inner side of the guide resistor adjuster end cover.

Further, the taper sleeve is circumferentially provided with guide keys, and the taper sleeve is nested in corresponding key grooves of the inner hole wall of the guide resistor adjuster end cover through the guide keys.

Further, the guide spring and the resistance adjusting spring are any one of a coil spring, a disc spring and a wave spring.

Further, the guide is hindered and is transferred and has offered spacing groove or spacing hole along axial direction on the ware body, and guide is hindered and is transferred the module and still includes: the guide key passes through the limit groove or the limit hole and is arranged on the taper sleeve, and the guide key is at least partially positioned in the limit groove or the limit hole.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism including: a cylinder block module; the piston module is movably arranged in the cylinder module and forms an axial moving pair with the cylinder module; the adjusting shaft module comprises an adjusting screw shaft, the adjusting screw shaft part is arranged in the cylinder module in a penetrating way, and one end of the adjusting screw shaft is positioned in the piston module; the gap adjusting module is arranged on the adjusting screw shaft and positioned between the adjusting screw shaft and the cylinder module, and is used for adjusting the relative position of the adjusting screw shaft and the cylinder module; the brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism further includes: the guide resistance adjusting module is arranged at one end, far away from the cylinder block module, of the adjusting screw shaft, and the guide resistance adjuster shell in the guide resistance adjusting module is connected with the piston module.

Further, the cylinder block module includes cylinder body, cylinder cap and the cylinder cap pipe that links firmly each other, and the piston module includes piston and piston tube, and the piston tube sets up at cylinder cap pipe inner chamber and forms axial shifting pair with the cylinder cap pipe, and the inner of piston tube links firmly with the piston axial that is located the cylinder body, and clearance adjustment module sets up in the piston tube, and with adjusting screw axle threaded connection, clearance adjustment module has spacing portion, axially opens on the cylinder cap pipe has the spacing groove, and spacing portion passes the piston tube setting in the spacing inslot, and clearance adjustment module is used for adjusting the relative position between adjusting screw axle and the piston tube.

Further, the gap adjustment module includes: the adjusting nut is screwed with the adjusting screw rod shaft, an adjusting washer for guiding the adjusting module is connected with the adjusting nut, and the taper sleeve is matched with the adjusting washer to limit the adjusting nut to rotate relative to the adjusting screw rod shaft; the conical tooth sliding sleeve is arranged on the outer circular surface of the adjusting nut, end teeth of the conical tooth sliding sleeve are meshed with end teeth of the adjusting nut, the outer circular surface of the conical tooth sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with a square key which radially extends out of a key groove above the cylinder cover pipe, and the square key forms a limiting part.

Further, a relief spring is mounted between the head tube and the piston.

Further, the relieving spring is axially arranged on the outer side of the piston tube, one end of the relieving spring is contacted with the inner side of the piston, and the other end of the relieving spring is contacted with the end part of the cylinder cover tube.

Further, an adjusting spring is arranged on the outer circular surface of the adjusting nut, one end of the adjusting spring is contacted with the end face of the adjusting spring retainer ring, and the other end of the adjusting spring is contacted with the adjusting spring bearing.

Further, the front section of the adjusting nut is circumferentially provided with end teeth matched with end teeth of the bevel gear sliding sleeve.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brake cylinder including a brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism, the brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism being the brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism provided above.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional schematic view of the adjustment mechanism of the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the wedge-shaped adjustment block of the embodiment of fig. 1 before adjustment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the wedge-shaped adjusting block of fig. 1 after adjustment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the embodiment of fig. 1 in a relaxed state with the clamp engaged.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the embodiment of fig. 1 in a braked state in cooperation with a clamp.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram comparing the fully engaged and fully disengaged condition of the end teeth of the adjustment nut of the embodiment of fig. 1. The upper part is the complete engagement of the end face teeth of the adjusting nut, and the lower part is the complete disengagement of the end face teeth of the adjusting nut.

Fig. 8 is an exploded view of the main modules of the brake cylinder.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a guide resistance module.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the guide register module of fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the gap adjustment module.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the gap adjustment module of fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a brake cylinder gap adjusting mechanism of fig. 1 in a structure for performing a brake adjusting operation.

Fig. 14 is a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a partial enlarged view at B in fig. 13.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of another structure of the guide resistance module.

Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the guide register module of fig. 16.

In the figure: 111-cylinder; 112-a cylinder cover; 113-a cylinder head pipe; 115-wedge-shaped adjusting block; 116-guide pins; 117-wave spring; 118-adjusting the screw; 121-a piston; 122-piston tube; 123-sealing rings; 131-adjusting the nut; 132-bevel sliding sleeve; 133-an adjusting spring; 134-adjusting spring bearings; 135-adjusting a spring retainer ring; 141-guiding the resistor body; 142-guide resistor end caps; 143 a guide nut; 144-a guide spring; 145-taper sleeve; 146-a resistance adjustment gasket; 147-resistance adjusting spring; 148-lead nut bearings; 151-yoke; 152-adjusting a spindle screw; 153-reset nut; 154-reset nut wave spring; 155-resetting the nut sealing ring; 197-dust cap; 198-square key; 199-a relief spring.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The basic structure of the brake cylinder gap adjusting mechanism of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the brake cylinder gap adjusting mechanism comprises a cylinder body 111, a cylinder cover 112 and a cylinder cover pipe 113 which are mutually and fixedly connected, wherein a piston pipe 122 forming an axial moving pair with the cylinder cover pipe 113 is nested in the inner cavity of the cylinder cover pipe 113, the inner end of the piston pipe 122 is fixedly connected with a piston 121 positioned in the cylinder body in the axial direction, and a release spring 199 is arranged between the cylinder cover pipe 113 and the piston; the outer end of the piston tube 122 is fixedly connected with a tubular guiding and adjusting stopper body 141, and a square key groove and a wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 mounting groove are axially formed in the cylinder cover tube 113. A taper sleeve 145 and a guide nut 143 with meshed end surfaces are arranged in the guide resistor body 141, and one ends of the taper sleeve 145 and the guide nut 143 far away from the meshing end respectively abut against the resistor spring 147 and the guide spring 144. An adjusting screw shaft 152 with the inner end screwed with the adjusting nut 131 is arranged in the inner hole of the guide nut 143, and a bevel gear sliding sleeve 132 with the end face meshed with the adjusting nut 131 is arranged outside the adjusting nut 131. The outer circle of the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132 is fixedly connected with a square key 198 which radially extends out of a key groove above the cylinder cover pipe 113, a wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 with an adjustable radial position is arranged in a wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove of the cylinder cover pipe 113, and an outer wedge-shaped surface and an inner wedge-shaped surface are respectively arranged at adjacent ends of the square key 198 and the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115.

In order to facilitate understanding, the tightness and functions of the brake cylinder gap adjusting mechanism according to the embodiment are mainly divided into five functional modules: the device comprises a cylinder block module, a piston module, a gap adjusting module, a guiding and adjusting blocking module and an adjusting shaft module. In addition, some non-modular parts are included: relief springs 199, square keys 198, dust caps 197, etc.

The cylinder block module consists of a cylinder block 111, a cylinder cover 112, a cylinder cover pipe 113, a wedge-shaped adjusting block 115, a guide pin 116, a wave spring 117 and an adjusting screw 118. The cylinder body 111 and the cylinder cover 112 form a main body structure, and the cylinder body 111 and the cylinder cover 112 can be limited and connected in a bolt-nut or clamping spring, steel wire and other modes to form a cavity with fixed positions so as to provide a movement working space for the piston module. The cylinder head pipe 113 is connected with the cylinder head 112 through threads to provide movement support and guide for the piston module, and is provided with a square key groove and a wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 mounting groove along the axial direction. A plurality of guide pin mounting holes and adjusting screw mounting holes are formed in matching positions of the wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove of the cylinder cover pipe 113 and the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115, and the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 is mounted on the cylinder cover pipe 113 through a guide pin 116 and an adjusting screw 118. A plurality of wave springs 117 are also arranged on the contact surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 and the wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove of the cylinder cover pipe 113, and can provide elastic support for the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 and a certain anti-loosening pre-tightening for the adjusting screw 118.

The piston module consists of a piston 121, a piston tube 122 and a piston seal 123. The piston 121 and the piston tube 122 may be fixedly connected in the axial direction by a screw pair or a snap spring limiting manner. The piston sealing ring 123 is directly installed on the outer edge of the piston 121 in an interference fit mode, and contacts with the inner cavity of the cylinder 111 when the piston module is installed in the cylinder module, so that the gas sealing effect is achieved. The piston tube 122 is provided with key grooves along the axial direction, the circumferential distribution positions and the groove widths of the key grooves are matched with those of the key grooves above the cylinder cover tube 113, and space is mainly provided for the axial movement of the square key 198; the piston tube 122 is threaded on the inner circular surface of the end which is not connected with the piston 121 for being connected with the guiding and adjusting blocking module. A relief spring 199 is axially mounted on the outside of the piston tube 122 at one end in contact with the inside of the piston 121 and at the other end in contact with the end of the cylinder head tube 113 to provide a return axial force to the piston module when brake cylinder exhaust is relieved.

The gap adjusting module mainly comprises an adjusting nut 131, a bevel gear sliding sleeve 132 and an adjusting spring 133. The adjusting nut 131 axially passes through the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132 and coincides with the axis thereof. The adjusting spring retainer ring 135 is mounted on the outer circular surface of one end of the adjusting nut 131 through a steel wire or a clamping spring. The adjusting spring bearing 134 is installed between the adjusting nut 131 and the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132, provides support for the relative rotation of the adjusting nut and the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132, and is axially limited by the end face of the stepped hole on the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132. The adjusting spring 133 is axially mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting nut 131, one end of the adjusting spring is in end-face contact with the adjusting spring retainer 135, and the other end of the adjusting spring is in contact with the adjusting spring bearing 134, so as to provide an axial restoring force between the adjusting nut 131 and the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132. The front section of the adjusting nut 131 is circumferentially provided with end teeth and is matched with the upper end teeth of the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132. Under the action of the adjusting spring 133, the adjusting nut 131 is engaged with the end teeth of the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132 when not bearing external load, and the relative movement of the two is limited in the axial direction and the circumferential direction. The outer circular surface of the other end of the adjusting nut 131, which is not provided with the adjusting spring 133, is provided with a groove along the axial direction, and a key on the adjusting washer 146 in the guiding adjusting module can be nested in the groove; the inner hole of the adjusting nut 131 is provided with trapezoidal threads which are matched with the threads of the screw rod 152 of the adjusting shaft module. Square key 198 mounting holes are circumferentially arranged on the outer circumference of the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132, and square keys 198 can be fixed on the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132 through screws and provide circumferential limit for the key slots above the end cover 112.

The guide and adjustment blocking module mainly comprises a guide and adjustment blocking device body 141, a guide and adjustment blocking device end cover 142, a guide nut 143, a guide spring 144, a taper sleeve 145, an adjustment blocking gasket 146, an adjustment blocking spring 147 and a guide nut bearing 148. The outer cylindrical surface of the step at one end of the guide resistor body 141 is provided with threads for installing the guide resistor module on the piston tube 122; the other end also has threads on the inner cylindrical surface for mounting a pilot tone blocker end cap 142. The guide nut 143 is mounted in the guide resistor end cap 142 with trapezoidal threads on its inner bore that mate with the threads of the lead screw 152 of the adjustment shaft module. Between the guide nut 143 and the guide resistor end cap 142, a guide nut bearing 148 and a guide spring 144 are installed, respectively, in the axial direction. Wherein the end face of the lead nut bearing 148 is limited by the lead nut stepped surface, providing support for relative rotation between the lead nut 143 and the lead resistor end cap 142; the guide spring 144 has one end in contact with the guide nut bearing 148 and the other end in contact with the inside end face of the guide resistor end cap 142 for providing an axial return force therebetween. The guide nut bearing 148 can rotate the guide nut 143 and the guide spring 144 relative to each other, but it is needless to say that other parts can be used to ensure the relative rotation of the guide nut 143 and the guide spring 144, for example, a washer made of a smooth material may be used instead, the washer may be disposed between the guide nut 143 and the guide spring 144, one end surface of the washer may abut against a side surface of the guide nut 143, and the other end surface of the washer may abut against an end portion of the guide spring 144. The matching structure between the guide nut 143 and the taper sleeve 145 is end tooth meshing, and one end of the guide nut 143 is provided with end teeth which are matched with the end teeth on the taper sleeve 145. Specifically, one end of the guide nut 143 has circumferential end teeth that mate with the upper end teeth of the cone sleeve 145, and the guide nut 143 intermeshes with the end teeth of the cone sleeve 145 under the action of the guide spring 144.

As shown in fig. 16 and 17, in order to ensure that the cone sleeve 145 moves axially in the guide blocker body 141 without rotating circumferentially, a limiting hole may be provided in the guide blocker body 141, the limiting hole being provided along the axial direction of the guide blocker body 141, the guide blocker module further includes a guide key 149, the guide key 149 is fixed to the cone sleeve 145 through the limiting hole, and the guide key 149 is at least partially located in the limiting hole so that the cone sleeve 145 can only move along the direction of the limiting hole when moving. In order to improve the movement stability of the taper sleeve 145, a plurality of limiting holes may be circumferentially arranged on the guide adjuster body 141, and a plurality of guide keys 149 may be disposed in the plurality of limiting holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

The guide nut 143 has a circumferential end tooth at one end that mates with an end tooth on the cone sleeve 145, and under the action of the guide spring 144, the guide nut 133 intermeshes with the end tooth of the cone sleeve 145 and limits relative axial and circumferential movement therebetween when not subjected to an external load. The taper sleeve 145 has circumferentially disposed guide keys that nest within corresponding keyways in the bore of the guide resistor end cap 142 for limiting circumferential relative rotation therebetween and unidirectional axial spacing. The adjustment blocking washer 146 is installed at a stepped surface of one side of the inner hole of the guide adjuster body 141, and has a key at the inner hole thereof in the circumferential direction for being engaged with a corresponding key groove of the adjustment nut 131. The choke spring 147 is mounted between the other stepped surface of the bore of the pilot choke body 141 and the stepped surface of the cone sleeve 145. Under normal installation and working conditions, the elastic force of the adjustment blocking spring 147 is far greater than that of the guide spring 144, under the action of the elastic force, the end face of the guide key of the taper sleeve 145 is attached to the end face of the key slot for guiding the adjustment blocking device end cover 142, and a certain gap is kept between the end face of the other end of the taper sleeve 145 and the end face of the adjustment blocking gasket 146 in the axial direction. The guide spring 144 and the adjustment blocking spring 147 may be any one of a coil spring, a disc spring, and a wave spring. Setting the guide spring 144 and the adjustment resistance spring 147 as disc springs or wave springs can reduce the spring length, and thus can reduce the overall length of the guide adjustment resistance module.

The adjusting shaft module mainly comprises a yoke 151, a screw rod 152, a reset nut 153, a reset nut wave spring 154 and a reset nut sealing ring 155. The upper and lower ends of the yoke 151 have interface holes for connection with the brake caliper levers, and bushings 113 are mounted in the holes to provide support for mounting and relative rotation of the adjustment shaft module and the brake caliper levers. The trapezoidal threads of the screw rod 152 are used to cooperate with the adjusting nut 131 and the guide nut 143, and one end of the polish rod is inserted into and mounted to the central hole of the yoke 151. The stepped surface of the polished rod of the screw rod 152 is provided with end teeth which are meshed with the upper end teeth of the yoke 151; the end of the polish rod is provided with a through hole along the radial direction and is fixedly connected with the reset nut 153 through an elastic pin. A reset nut wave spring 154 is axially mounted between the reset nut 153 and the yoke 151 for maintaining the yoke 151 in toothed engagement with the end of the lead screw 152. A reset nut sealing ring 155 is installed between the outside of the reset nut 153 and the yoke 151 for dust and water prevention.

Circumferential grooves are provided near the outer end surface of the cylinder head 112 and the inner end surface of the yoke 151, respectively, for mounting a dust cover 197 therebetween.

Referring to fig. 3 to 12, in comparison with the conventional brake cylinder with a gap adjusting function, the square key 198 of the present embodiment adopts a wedge-shaped cross-section design, and the actual movable space thereof is composed of the square key groove on the cylinder head pipe 113 and the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115. The installation height of the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 on the cylinder cover pipe 113 can be adjusted through adjusting the adjusting screw 118, namely the height of the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 is adjusted, so that the axial movable distance of the square key 198 in the square key groove, namely the maximum non-adjusting stroke S1, is changed. According to the clearance adjustment principle of the brake cylinder, when the actual idle stroke S of the piston is larger than the sum of the maximum non-adjustment stroke S1 and the meshing height N of the end teeth of the adjusting nut 131, the end teeth of the adjusting nut 131 and the end teeth of the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132 are completely separated, and the clearance adjustment mechanism is triggered to perform clearance adjustment action, so that after a plurality of clearance adjustment actions, the clearance between the brake disc and the brake pad in a release state of the release clearance Sp of the brake clamp is kept near S1+N/i, wherein i is the lever ratio of the brake clamp. The release clearance of the brake caliper can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the wedge adjustment block 115 by adjusting the screw 118 to change the axial distance between the wedge surface and the wedge surface of the square key 198, i.e., changing S1.

When the cylinder 111 is filled with compressed air, the compressed air pushes the piston module compression release spring 199 to move to the outside. The guide and adjustment block is fixedly connected to the piston tube 122 by threads, which move outwardly with the piston block. Before the brake pads of the brake caliper hug the brake disc, the two ends of the brake cylinder may be considered free ends, i.e. substantially free from axial braking loads from the lever. At this time, in the guide adjustment blocking module, since the elastic force of the adjustment blocking spring 147 is far greater than that of the guide spring 144, under the combined action of the guide spring 144, the guide nut 143 is meshed with the end teeth of the taper sleeve 145, the guide nut 143 cannot rotate relative to the adjusting shaft, and the relative position of the adjusting shaft and the guide nut 143 in the axial direction is unchanged, that is, the guide nut 143 drives the adjusting shaft to synchronously move outwards together through the trapezoidal threads. Because the square key 198 is circumferentially limited, under the action of the adjusting spring 133, the adjusting nut 131 is meshed with the end teeth of the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132, the adjusting nut 131 cannot rotate relative to the adjusting shaft, the adjusting shaft drives the gap adjusting module to synchronously move outwards through the trapezoidal threads, and the square key 198 also moves in the square key groove.

When the gap Sp between the brake pad and the brake disc of the brake caliper is large, the actual free travel S of the brake cylinder is large before the brake pad and the brake disc are not clamped. If the actual free travel S is greater than the maximum unadjusted travel s1+ of the square key 198 by the tooth engagement height N of the end of the adjusting nut 131, the square key 198 and the whole gap adjusting module move outwards with the piston module during the inflation of the brake cylinder, and when the square key travel reaches S1, the wedge surface contacts with the wedge adjusting block, and the axial movement is limited. After that, the adjusting nut 131 continues to move outwards under the driving of the adjusting shaft screw 152, the end tooth surfaces of the adjusting nut 131 and the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132 start to separate, after one end tooth engagement height N continues to move, the end tooth is completely separated, the circumferential movement constraint of the adjusting nut 131 is released, intermittent rotation starts to occur under the action of the adjusting spring 133, and accordingly the adjusting shaft screw 152 extends outwards relative to the adjusting nut 131. After the brake cylinder is exhausted, the piston moves inward under the action of the relief spring 199, and the gap adjustment module, the guide adjustment blocking module and the adjustment shaft module move inward as a whole, so that the square key 198 also moves inward. Because the stroke of the piston is greater than the stroke of the square key 198 in the inflation process, in the resetting process, after the square key 198 is limited by the axial direction of the inner side end surface of the square key groove, the gap adjusting module stops moving axially, and the adjusting shaft cannot continue moving axially under the action of the screw thread matching of the adjusting nut 131 and the adjusting shaft screw 152. The piston will drive the guide adjuster module to move inwards continuously, under the action of the screw thread fit of the guide nut 143 and the adjusting shaft screw 152, the guide nut 143 will compress the guide spring 144, the end teeth of the guide nut 143 and the taper sleeve 145 will be separated, the rotation limit of the taper sleeve 145 to the guide nut 143 is released, under the action of the guide spring 144, the guide nut 143 will intermittently rotate, so that the guide nut 143 moves relative to the adjusting shaft screw 152 in the axial direction, and the guide adjuster module is reset completely inwards. Before and after the air charging and discharging action of the brake cylinder, the adjusting shaft axially relatively displaces relative to the gap adjusting module and the guide blocking adjusting module, namely, the adjusting shaft also extends outwards relative to the piston module, so that the length of the brake cylinder is prolonged before and after the action, the distance between the two sides of the brake pad end of the brake clamp is reduced, and the disc gap is reduced, namely, the gap adjusting action is generated.

As shown in fig. 13 to 15, in order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the following description is made on the tuning resistance principle:

When the brake cylinder block 111 is filled with compressed air, the compressed air pushes the piston 121 to compress the relief spring 199 to start to move to the outside. When the piston stroke S is greater than the maximum adjustment-free stroke s1+ of the square key 198 and the end teeth of the adjusting nut 131 are engaged by the height N, in the braking state (after the brake pad is tightly held against the brake disc and the lever is elastically deformed), the end teeth of the adjusting nut 131 and the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132 are completely separated. Because the brake cylinder receives axial constraint counter force from lever deformation (much larger than the spring force of the adjustment blocking spring 147), the adjusting shaft 152 drives the guide nut 143 to press the taper sleeve 145 inwards, and the taper sleeve compresses the adjustment blocking spring 147, so that the end surface of the taper sleeve 145 compresses and abuts against the adjustment blocking gasket 146. At this time, the adjusting nut 131 is completely separated from the end teeth of the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132, but the adjustment blocking gasket 146 is pressed by the bevel gear sleeve 145 and cannot rotate under the action of friction force, so that the adjusting nut 131 nested with the adjusting nut through the key still cannot rotate, that is, excessive adjustment of the gap caused by elastic deformation of the lever is prevented. In the process, the guide nut 143 is engaged with the end teeth of the cone sleeve 145, and the piston tube 122, the gap adjusting module, the guide resistance adjusting module, and the adjusting shaft module are moved outward in synchronization with the piston 121. The brake cylinder length at the end of the operation is l0+s.

When the compressed air is discharged from the brake cylinder block 111, the piston 121 starts to return to the inside by the relief spring 199. In this process, the adjusting nut 131 is engaged with the end teeth of the bevel gear sliding sleeve 132, the guide nut 143 is engaged with the end teeth of the bevel gear sleeve 145, and the piston tube 122, the gap adjusting module, the guide adjustment blocking module and the adjusting shaft module are completely reset to the outside in synchronization with the piston 121. The brake cylinder length is restored to L0 at the end of the operation.

If the installation height of the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 is H1, the maximum adjustment-free travel of the square key 198 is S1; when the mounting height of the wedge adjustment block 115 increases by Δh, the maximum non-adjustment travel of the square key 198 will also increase by Δs, where Δs=Δh/tan (a), where a is the angle between the wedge surfaces of the square key 198 and the wedge adjustment block 115 and the horizontal plane. The adjusted brake caliper relief gap increases by Δsp=Δs/i=Δh/(tan (a) ×i).

In addition, the wedge faces of the square key 118 and the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 are matched in a wedge face matching mode shown in the drawing, namely, after the wedge face of the square key 198 contacts with the wedge face of the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115, the acting force of the square key 198 on the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 is in an upward direction along the wedge face, and at the moment, under the action of the pulling force of the adjusting screw 118, the accurate limit of the wedge-shaped adjusting block 115 can be realized.

Fig. 8 shows an exploded schematic view of a brake cylinder formed by a cylinder block module, a piston module, a gap adjustment module, a guide resistance adjustment module and an adjustment shaft module. Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of the pilot tone block of fig. 1. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the guide register module according to fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the gap adjustment module of fig. 1. Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the gap adjustment module according to fig. 11.

In addition to the embodiments described above, other embodiments of the invention are possible. All technical schemes formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (34)

1. The brake cylinder gap adjusting mechanism comprises a cylinder body (111), a cylinder cover (112) and a cylinder cover pipe (113) which are fixedly connected with each other, wherein a piston pipe (122) forming an axial moving pair with the cylinder cover pipe is nested in an inner cavity of the cylinder cover pipe, the inner end of the piston pipe is axially fixedly connected with a piston (121) positioned in the cylinder body, and a release spring (199) is arranged between the cylinder cover pipe and the piston; the outer end of the piston tube is fixedly connected with a tubular guide and adjustment-preventing device body (141), and a square key groove and a wedge-shaped adjusting block (115) mounting groove are axially formed in the cylinder cover tube (113); a taper sleeve (145) and a guide nut (143) with meshed end surfaces are arranged in the guide anti-debugging device body, and one ends of the taper sleeve and the guide nut, which are far away from the meshing, respectively lean against an anti-debugging spring (147) and a guide spring (144); an adjusting screw shaft (152) with the inner end screwed with an adjusting nut (131) is arranged in the inner hole of the guide nut, and a bevel gear sliding sleeve (132) with the end face meshed with the adjusting screw shaft is arranged outside the adjusting nut; the excircle of awl tooth sliding sleeve links firmly with the square key (198) that radially extends cylinder cap pipe top keyway, the wedge adjusting block mounting groove of cylinder cap pipe is equipped with radial position adjustable wedge adjusting block (115), the adjacent end of square key and wedge adjusting block has outer wedge face and interior wedge face respectively.

2. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cylinder cover pipe is connected with the cylinder cover through threads, and a square key groove and a wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove are formed in the axial direction.

3. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: the wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove of the cylinder cover pipe and the matching position on the wedge-shaped adjusting block are provided with a plurality of guide pin mounting holes and adjusting screw mounting holes, and the wedge-shaped adjusting block is mounted on the cylinder cover pipe through the guide pin and the adjusting screw.

4. A brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a wave spring is arranged on the contact surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the wedge-shaped adjusting block mounting groove of the cylinder cover pipe.

5. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: and the piston tube is axially provided with key grooves, and the circumferential distribution positions and the groove widths of the key grooves are matched with those of key grooves above the cylinder cover tube.

6. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: and a relieving spring is axially arranged on the outer side of the piston pipe, one end of the relieving spring is contacted with the inner side of the piston, and the other end of the relieving spring is contacted with the end part of the cylinder cover pipe.

7. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: and an adjusting spring is arranged on the outer circular surface of the adjusting nut, one end of the adjusting spring is contacted with the end surface of the adjusting spring retainer ring, and the other end of the adjusting spring is contacted with the adjusting spring bearing.

8. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: the front section of the adjusting nut is circumferentially provided with end teeth matched with end teeth of the bevel gear sliding sleeve.

9. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: the guide is blocked and is transferred to have on the ladder outer cylinder of body one end and is blocked and transfer the screw thread that the ware module was installed on the piston tube with guide, have on the other end inner cylinder and be directed and hinder the screw thread that transfer the ware end cover.

10. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: the guide nut is arranged in the guide resistor end cover, and an inner hole of the guide nut is provided with trapezoidal threads matched with the screw threads of the screw rod.

11. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that: a guide nut bearing and a guide spring are respectively arranged between the guide nut and the guide adjuster end cover along the axial direction; the end face of the guide nut bearing is limited by the guide nut step face, one end of the guide spring is contacted with the guide nut bearing, and the other end of the guide spring is contacted with the end face of the inner side of the guide resistor adjuster end cover.

12. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 11, characterized in that: one end of the guide nut is provided with a circumferential end tooth matched with the upper end tooth of the taper sleeve, and guide keys which are nested in corresponding key grooves of an inner hole of the guide resistor end cover are distributed on the circumferential direction of the taper sleeve.

13. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 12, characterized in that: and a blocking and adjusting gasket is arranged at one step surface of the inner hole wall of the guiding blocking and adjusting device body, and keys matched with corresponding key grooves on the adjusting nut are circumferentially arranged on the inner hole wall of the blocking and adjusting gasket.

14. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 13, characterized in that: the resistance adjusting spring is arranged between the other stepped surface of the inner hole wall of the guide resistance adjuster body and the stepped surface of the taper sleeve.

15. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 14, characterized in that: the elasticity of the resistance adjusting spring is larger than that of the guiding spring.

16. The utility model provides a guide hinders and transfers module, its characterized in that, including guide hinders and transfers ware casing, guide nut (143), guide spring (144), taper sleeve (145), guide nut (143), guide spring (144) and taper sleeve (145) all set up in the guide hinders and transfers ware casing, its characterized in that:

a) The cone sleeve (145) is non-rotatably mounted within the guide resistor housing and axially movable within the guide resistor housing;

b) A matched structure capable of being connected with or separated from each other is arranged between the guide nut (143) and the taper sleeve (145), and when the guide nut (143) is separated from the taper sleeve (145), the guide nut (143) can rotate relative to the guide adjuster shell;

c) The guide resistance adjustment module further includes: a resistance adjustment gasket (146) and a resistance adjustment spring (147), wherein the resistance adjustment gasket (146) and the resistance adjustment spring (147) are positioned on one side of the taper sleeve (145) away from the guide nut (143);

d) One end of the resistance adjusting spring (147) is abutted with the taper sleeve (145), the other end of the resistance adjusting spring (147) is abutted with the inner hole wall of the guide resistance adjuster shell, the elastic force of the resistance adjusting spring (147) is larger than that of the guide spring (144), under the action of the elastic force, the end face of the guide key of the taper sleeve (145) is abutted with the end face of the key groove of the guide resistance adjuster end cover (142), and a certain gap is kept between the end face of the other end of the taper sleeve (145) and the end face of the resistance adjusting gasket (146) in the axial direction.

17. The guide and adjustment block according to claim 16, characterized in that the mating structure between the guide nut (143) and the cone sleeve (145) is an end tooth engagement, and that one end of the guide nut (143) is provided with an end tooth matching the end tooth on the cone sleeve (145).

18. The guide and adjustment block according to claim 17, characterized in that one end of the guide nut (143) has circumferential end teeth matching the upper end teeth of the cone sleeve (145), the guide nut (143) being intermeshed with the end teeth of the cone sleeve (145) under the action of the guide spring (144).

19. The guide and choke module according to claim 16, characterized in that,

The anti-adjustment gasket (146) is rotatably arranged on a first step surface of the inner hole wall of the guide anti-adjustment device shell;

the anti-adjustment spring (147) is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of one end, far away from the guide nut (143), of the taper sleeve (145), one end of the anti-adjustment spring (147) is abutted with the stepped surface of the taper sleeve (145), and the other end of the anti-adjustment spring (147) is abutted with the second stepped surface of the inner hole wall of the guide anti-adjustment device shell;

the second stepped surface of the pilot resistor housing inner bore wall is closer to the pilot nut (143) than the first stepped surface of the pilot resistor housing inner bore wall.

20. The guide resistor module of claim 19, wherein the first stepped surface of the guide resistor housing inner wall is located at a smaller inner diameter of the guide resistor housing inner wall and the second stepped surface of the guide resistor housing inner wall is located at a larger inner diameter of the guide resistor housing inner wall.

21. The guide and adjustment module according to any one of the claims 16 to 20, characterized in that,

The guide resistor comprises a guide resistor body (141) and a guide resistor end cover (142), wherein the resistor gasket (146), the resistor spring (147), the guide nut (143), the guide spring (144) and the taper sleeve (145) are all arranged in the guide resistor body (141), and the guide resistor end cover (142) is arranged at one end of the guide resistor body (141) for accommodating the guide nut (143);

the inner hole of the guide nut (143) is provided with threads for screwing with the adjusting screw shaft (152);

the guide spring (144) is sleeved at one end, far away from the taper sleeve, of the guide nut (143), one end of the guide spring (144) is abutted with the guide nut (143), and the other end of the guide spring (144) is abutted with the guide adjuster end cover (142);

When the guide nut (143) is separated from the taper sleeve (145), the guide nut (143) can rotate relative to the guide resistor body (141).

22. The guide register module according to claim 21, wherein the guide register body (141) comprises a small diameter section having an external thread on an outer cylindrical surface of one end step for mounting on a piston tube (122); the guide resistor body (141) further comprises a thick-diameter section with an internal thread on the cylindrical surface of the inner hole at the other end, and the internal thread is used for being in threaded connection with the guide resistor end cover (142).

23. The guide and choke module according to claim 22, characterized in that the first step surface of the inner bore wall of the guide and choke body (141) is located at the smaller inner diameter of the inner bore wall of the guide and choke body (141) and on the small diameter section; the second step surface of the inner hole wall of the guide resistor and regulator body (141) is positioned at the larger inner diameter of the inner hole wall of the guide resistor and regulator body (141) and positioned on the thick diameter section.

24. The guide and choke module according to claim 22, characterized in that the guide nut (143) is mounted in the guide and choke end cap (142), the inner bore of the guide nut (143) having trapezoidal threads cooperating with the adjustment screw shaft (152).

25. The guide and choke module according to claim 24, characterized in that between the stepped surface of the guide nut (143) and the inner end surface of the guide choke end cap (142), a guide nut bearing (148) and the guide spring (144) are mounted, respectively, in the axial direction; the end face of the guide nut bearing (148) is limited by the stepped surface of the guide nut (143), one end of the guide spring (144) is abutted or contacted with the guide nut bearing (148), and the other end is abutted or contacted with the inner side end face of the guide resistor end cover (142).

26. The guide and choke module according to claim 21, characterized in that the taper sleeve (145) is circumferentially distributed with guide keys, and the taper sleeve (145) is nested in corresponding keyways of the inner hole wall of the guide choke end cap (142) through the guide keys.

27. The guide and choke module according to any one of claims 16-20, characterized in that the guide spring (144) and the choke spring (147) are any one of a coil spring, a disc spring and a wave spring.

28. The guide and adjustment block according to claim 21, characterized in that the guide and adjustment block body (141) is provided with a limit groove or a limit hole along the axial direction, and the guide and adjustment block further comprises: the guide key (149) passes through the limit groove or the limit hole and is arranged on the taper sleeve (145), and the guide key (149) is at least partially positioned in the limit groove or the limit hole.

29. A brake cylinder clearance adjustment mechanism comprising:

A cylinder block module;

The piston module is movably arranged in the cylinder module and forms an axial moving pair with the cylinder module;

the adjusting shaft module comprises an adjusting screw shaft (152), the adjusting screw shaft (152) is partially penetrated in the cylinder module, and one end of the adjusting screw shaft (152) is positioned in the piston module;

A gap adjustment module provided on the adjustment screw shaft (152) and located between the adjustment screw shaft (152) and the cylinder module;

The brake cylinder clearance adjustment mechanism is characterized by further comprising:

The guide and adjustment block according to any one of claims 16 to 28, being arranged at an end of the adjustment screw shaft (152) remote from the cylinder block, a guide and adjustment block housing in the guide and adjustment block being connected to the piston block;

The cylinder block module comprises a cylinder block (111), a cylinder cover (112) and a cylinder cover pipe (113) which are fixedly connected with each other, the piston module comprises a piston (121) and a piston pipe (122), the piston pipe (122) is arranged in an inner cavity of the cylinder cover pipe (113) and forms an axial moving pair with the cylinder cover pipe (113), the inner end of the piston pipe (122) is axially fixedly connected with the piston (121) positioned in the cylinder block (111), the gap adjusting module is arranged in the piston pipe (122) and is in threaded connection with the adjusting screw shaft (152), the gap adjusting module is provided with a limiting part, a square key groove and a wedge adjusting block mounting groove for accommodating a wedge adjusting block (115) are axially formed in the cylinder cover pipe (113), the wedge adjusting block (115) is radially and adjustably arranged in the wedge adjusting block mounting groove, the limiting part penetrates through the piston pipe (122) and is arranged in Fang Jiancao, and the gap adjusting module is used for adjusting the relative position between the adjusting screw shaft (152) and the piston pipe (122);

The gap adjustment module includes:

An adjusting nut (131) screwed with the adjusting screw shaft (152), an adjusting washer (146) for guiding the adjusting module is connected with the adjusting nut (131), and the taper sleeve (145) is matched with the adjusting washer (146) to limit the adjusting nut (131) to rotate relative to the adjusting screw shaft (152);

the conical tooth sliding sleeve (132) is arranged on the outer circular surface of the adjusting nut (131), end teeth of the conical tooth sliding sleeve (132) are meshed with end teeth of the adjusting nut (131), the outer circular surface of the conical tooth sliding sleeve (132) is fixedly connected with a square key (198) which radially extends out of a key groove above the cylinder cover tube (113), the square key (198) forms a limiting part, and the wedge-shaped adjusting block (115) is used for adjusting/limiting axial displacement of the square key (198) in the square key groove.

30. The brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism according to claim 29, characterized in that a relief spring (199) is provided between the head tube (113) and the piston (121).

31. The brake cylinder clearance adjustment mechanism of claim 30, characterized in that said relief spring (199) is axially mounted outside said piston tube (122), one end of said relief spring (199) being in contact with the inside of said piston (121) and the other end being in contact with the end of said cylinder head tube (113).

32. The brake cylinder clearance adjustment mechanism according to claim 29, characterized in that an adjusting spring (133) is mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the adjusting nut (131), one end of the adjusting spring (133) is in end-face contact with an adjusting spring retainer ring (135), and the other end is in contact with an adjusting spring bearing (134).

33. The brake cylinder clearance adjustment mechanism of claim 29, characterized in that the adjustment nut (131) forward section is circumferentially provided with end teeth that mate with end teeth of the bevel gear slide (132).

34. A brake cylinder comprising a brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism, characterized in that the brake cylinder gap adjustment mechanism is as claimed in any one of claims 29 to 33.