CN107768773A - The High Efficiency Thermal management system and control method of a kind of large-sized power battery - Google Patents
The High Efficiency Thermal management system and control method of a kind of large-sized power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN107768773A CN107768773A CN201711053827.9A CN201711053827A CN107768773A CN 107768773 A CN107768773 A CN 107768773A CN 201711053827 A CN201711053827 A CN 201711053827A CN 107768773 A CN107768773 A CN 107768773A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery and control method；Including battery pack and flat hot pipe；The side of battery pack is provided with a cool wind box；Flat hot pipe is formed by more, and they are divided into multiple rows of heat pipe array, their each evaporator section it is orderly clamped by each cell and be fitted in each cell between, the orderly wallboard through cool wind box of each cooling section is stretched into inside cool wind box；Dividing plate is provided between each cooling section in cool wind box, forms the branch cooling duct of the cooling section independence；The system is additionally provided with the systems such as jet heat exchange, wind-heat heat exchange.The system and its method can solve battery radiating under various operating conditions, reduce the technical problems such as the large-sized battery pack temperature difference, rapid pre- thermal cell, simultaneity factor stable work in work, control mode is flexible, convenient for installation and maintenance, it is big to optimize space, meet the development trend of battery thermal management system and electric automobile, have a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power battery protection device, more particularly to a kind of High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery and
Control method.
Background technology
In recent years, energy crisis and environmental problem have become one that many countries run on industrialization road and asked greatly
Topic.Increasingly raised with the recoverable amount of automobile, traditional combustion engine automobile gasoline consumption accounts for three points of global gasoline consumption
One of more than, and will be used for automobile industry in the estimated oil more than half in China.In addition, the high pollution of traditional combustion engine automobile,
The disadvantages such as noise have seriously affected the quality of life of people.The European and American developed countries such as Norway, Germany, France are all successive
The year ending for the fuel vehicle that prohibits selling is disclosed, to promote relevant industries to find new power substitute.Electric automobile has low row
Put, high efficiency the advantages that, and in recent years battery energy density improve constantly and battery cost constantly decline, electric automobile is by
Selection through most of motor corporation.The traditional vehicles such as Toyota, BMW enterprise has been proposed corresponding electronic vehicle.In addition, automobile is electric
Gasification is also beneficial to realize the automatic Pilot based on artificial intelligence, is just gradually paid close attention to by internet scientific ＆ technical corporation.
In the course of the work, inside can produce substantial amounts of heat to battery because some physically or electrically chemically react, and make battery
Temperature rise, too high temperature influences whether the efficiency of battery, reduces battery cycle life.When battery is installed in groups, electricity
Pond group non-uniform temperature is inconsistent by guiding discharge, influences the power output of battery pack.In some extreme cases, excessive temperature is very
To the generation for causing explosion accident.In addition, in compared with low ambient temperature, the capacity meeting sharp-decay of battery, internal resistance can continue to increase
Greatly, electric automobile can not even directly initiate.Therefore, battery thermal management is significant for the safe and highly efficient operation of battery,
Car enterprise and the attention of related researcher are gradually caused.
Thermal management technology is broadly divided into that air-cooled, liquid is cold, phase-change material (PCM) etc..Although air-cooled cost is relatively low, radiating speed
Rate is slow, can not meet the radiating requirements of battery in many cases.The cold cooldown rate of liquid is higher, but coldplate rigidly connects in practice
The problems such as touching rapid wear causes the possibility of leakage larger, and there is also the complicated, unfavorable factor such as pressure drop is larger in addition.PCM exists
Performance is more outstanding in terms of battery temperature uniformity, but its heat conduction rate is relatively low, need to be aided with corresponding enhancement measures.Meanwhile
PCM heat managements are as a kind of system of passive type, it is difficult to the flexibly changeable situation of reply electric automobile work condition.Heat pipe is one kind ten
Divide efficient heat transfer unit (HTU), its heat transfer efficiency is higher than all metals known today, and the heat exchange principle of heat pipe is internal work liquid
Absorb heat and evaporate in heat pipe evaporator section, forming working solution by the effect of steam inside pressure difference and capillary force circulates.Using heat pipe
With liquid is cold or air-cooled combination, can effectively take into account the high cooling efficiency of battery bag compactedness and heat management system.
At present, battery is mainly by cylindrical, square, three kinds of shapes of Soft Roll type, although cylindrical battery processing technology is more
Maturation, general small volume, therefore when installing in groups, quantity is more, and space availability ratio is relatively low, and heat management and battery management
It is all complex.Then space availability ratio is higher for the large-sized batteries such as square and Soft Roll, on the premise of same energy storage capacity, arrangement quantity compared with
Cylindrical battery it is less, thus battery management and heat management are relatively easy.It is single but large-sized battery monomer heat production is more uneven
Temperature otherness is larger.For the heat management for this kind of battery pack, than pure liquid cooling structure, with reference to heat pipe so that runner knot
Structure is greatly simplified.However, whole water flow structure weight is still larger, and cooling water flows in whole battery system, the pressure loss
Larger, it is relatively low that part cools down water use efficiency, it is difficult to is carried out flexibly controlling and eliminating battery hot localised points according to operating mode.In addition,
Whole running system will ensure good air-tightness, and the otherwise entrance of incoagulable gas will deteriorate heat pipe cooling section and cooling fluid
Heat exchange.
The content of the invention
The shortcomings that it is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, there is provided a kind of simple in construction, thermal control
The High Efficiency Thermal management system and control method of accurate large-sized power battery.It is uniform that large-sized power battery temperature can be effectively improved
Property, reduce energy consumption.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery, including the battery pack that multiple cells 1 are formed, Yi Jibian
Flat heat pipe 2；The side of battery pack is provided with a cool wind box 4；
Flat hot pipe 2 is formed by more, and they are divided into an at least row or two row's above flat hot pipe arrays, they
Each evaporator section 2-1 it is orderly clamped by each cell 1 and be fitted in each cell 1 between, each cooling section 2-2 is orderly to be worn
The wallboard of supercooling bellows 4 is stretched into inside cool wind box 4；When using more than two rows, they are along battery length direction from upper
Array arrangement successively under and；
It is provided between dividing plate 4-6, every two adjacent dividing plate 4-6 and forms between each cooling section 2-2 in cool wind box 4
The branch cooling duct 4-2 of one cooling section 2-2 independence；
Cool wind box 4 includes an a total air inlet 4-4 and total air outlet 4-5；Total air inlet 4-4 is arranged on cooling wind
The upside of case one end, total air outlet 4-5 are arranged on the downside of the other end of cool wind box 4；
By total this one end of air inlet 4-4 to total that one end of air outlet 4-5 ends, straight line inclines the top plate of cool wind box 4 gradually downward
Tiltedly, the trapezoidal air-inlet cavity that toward tail end direction sectional area is gradually reduced maximum in total this end cross-sectional area of air inlet 4-4 is formed
4-1, the trapezoidal air-inlet cavity 4-1 base straight line are made up of the cooling section 2-2 of word order；
By total this one end of air inlet 4-4 to total that one end of air outlet 4-5 ends, straight line inclines the bottom plate of cool wind box 4 gradually downward
Tiltedly, one is formed in total this end cross-sectional area of air inlet 4-4 minimum, the sectional area toward total air outlet 4-5 extreme directions gradually to increase
Trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3, the top straight line of the trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3 is made up of the cooling section 2-2 of word order；
Wind enters trapezoidal air-inlet cavity 4-1 by total air inlet 4-4, enter back into each branch cooling duct 4-2 with cooling section 2-2
Discharged after collecting after the contact of surface into trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3 by total air outlet 4-5.
The High Efficiency Thermal management system of the large-sized power battery also includes：
For the jet array 5 to cooling section 2-2 spray cooling liquid；
For internal liquid to be maintained to the constant temperature water tank of design temperature by freezing or heating；
For the liquid in constant temperature water tank to be delivered to the water circulating pump of jet array 5；
For the gas-liquid separator separated to gas and liquid；
For heating the electric heater of air；
For the blower fan for total air inlet 4-4 that wind is sent into cool wind box 4；
Total air outlet 4-5 of the gas-liquid import connection cool wind box 4 of the gas-liquid separator；
The outlet air end of the gas-liquid separator communicates with air；The outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected permanent by pipeline
The arrival end of reservoir；The port of export of constant temperature water tank connects the water inlet of water circulating pump, the delivery port of water circulating pump by pipeline
Jet array 5 built in cool wind box 4 is connected by pipeline connecting pipe road；
The outlet air end of the gas-liquid separator has also been sequentially connected in series second stop valve and one by pipeline and has been used for pair
The electric heater that air is heated in pipeline；The entrance point of the air outlet connecting fan of electric heater.
Each shower nozzle of the jet array 5 is arranged on dividing plate 4-6, and injection direction corresponds to the cooling section 2- of flat hot pipe
2。
Pad has graphite flake 3 between evaporator section 2-1 and cell 1 surface.
The water circulating pump is frequency conversion water circulating pump.
A kind of control method of the High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery, it includes battery pack radiating step and battery
Group heating stepses；
First, battery pack radiating step
Air-cooled step：
Blower fan is opened, and the second stop valve is closed, and the first stop valve is opened；
The heat that battery pack is sent when working with the evaporator section 2-1 of flat hot pipe 2 conductive force by passing to cooling section
2-2, cooling wind enter trapezoidal air-inlet cavity 4-1 by total air inlet 4-4 of cool wind box 4, entered back into each branch cooling duct 4-2
Contacted with cooling section 2-2 surfaces, realize and discharged after collecting into trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3 after heat exchange by total air outlet 4-5, then by
The outlet air end of gas-liquid separator drains into air, and then the heat of battery pack is drained into air, meanwhile, the cold wind from air is by wind
Machine delivers to total air inlet 4-4 of cool wind box 4；Circulate according to this；
Water-cooling step：
Air-cooled step keeps constant；When battery pack temperature is higher than setting value, water circulating pump starts, and coolant is through thermostatted water
Case flow to each shower nozzle of jet array 5 respectively；Shower nozzle forms jet heat exchange to cooling section 2-2 spray cooling liquid, after heat exchange,
The trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3 that coolant drops to the bottom of cool wind box 4 along each branch cooling duct 4-2 under gravity collects
Afterwards, gas-liquid separator is entered by total air outlet 4-5 together with cooling wind；After gas-liquid separator, cooling wind is expelled to air, cold
But liquid enters constant temperature water tank；Finally, coolant is recycled to cool wind box 4 by water circulating pump, and cold wind is then entered by air through blower fan
Enter cool wind box 4；Circulate according to this；
After water-cooling step is opened, the temperature of battery pack is begun to decline, and when dropping to preset temperature, water-cooling step is closed,
Whole shower nozzles stop injection, only keep air-cooled operation to continue to run with；When battery pack temperature rises to preset temperature again, water cooling
Step starts again at operation.
2nd, battery pack heating stepses
Wind-heat step：
Start blower fan, start electric heater, close the first stop valve, open the second stop valve；
Air is after electric heater heats, into cool wind box 4；Now the evaporator section 2-1 of flat hot pipe 2 is changed into now cold
But section, cooling section 2-2 are changed into existing evaporator section；The hot-air constantly flowed is entered trapezoidal by total air inlet 4-4 of cool wind box 4
Air-inlet cavity 4-1, enter back into each branch cooling duct 4-2 and contacted with now evaporation section surface, complete to exchange heat, and then by hot-air
Heat is transmitted to battery pack；Complete to enter gas-liquid separation by total air outlet 4-5 after the wind after heat exchange collects into trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3
Device, air is drained into by the outlet air end of gas-liquid separator；
Hydrothermal step：
Startup constant temperature water tank is heating mode；Liquid is heated to assigned temperature in constant temperature water tank；Depending on the concrete condition temperature
20 DEG C~35 DEG C can be set to.
Start water circulating pump；
Liquid flow to each shower nozzle of jet array 5 respectively in constant temperature water tank；Shower nozzle sprays hot liquid, shape to existing evaporator section
Exchanged heat into jet, and then transfer heat to battery pack；Liquid is under gravity along each branch cooling duct 4-2 after heat exchange
Drop to the bottom of cool wind box 4 trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3 collect after, with completing to be entered by total air outlet 4-5 together with the wind after exchanging heat
Enter gas-liquid separator；After gas-liquid separator, gas drains into air, and liquid enters constant temperature water tank；Circulate according to this, until battery pack
Temperature reach design temperature.
The present invention is had the following advantages and effect relative to prior art：
Flat hot pipe, injection are combined by the present invention with air-cooled.Heat pipe has high heat-conducting effect can be in time by heat
Pass, and on the one hand flat hot pipe design make it that battery pack structure is compact, be on the other hand beneficial to injection opposite heat tube and penetrated
Stream heat exchange.By heat pipe, coolant flow channel is arranged apart with battery pack, that is, simplifies cooling system structure, can also ensure enough
Area of dissipation.
In the present invention, air-cooled structure is parallel aeration structure, and the design of trapezoidal cavity can evenly distribute each coolant flow channel
Air capacity, heat pipe cooling section uses coarse processing, is advantageous to that the horizontal boundary layer for plunderring tube surface formation of fluid is thinned, raising is changed
Thermal effect.Air-cooled structure can meet the cooling requirement under general operating mode.
Invention increases the equipment such as gas-liquid separator, shower nozzle.But in the past in liquid cooling system, the coolant flow channel usual moment
Full of water, though coolant flow channel structure can be simplified by employing heat pipe, but coolant flow channel still suffer from leakage with heat pipe connection place can
Energy.In addition, system will ensure preferable air-tightness, otherwise incoagulable gas can deteriorate the heat transfer of heat pipe and coolant.
Vibrations during electric automobile during traveling so that the possibility increase of gas leakage or leak-tight system damage.Imitated in radiating
In terms of fruit, for large-sized power battery pack, temperature homogeneity can not be ensured well.The present invention is using (micro-) injection system
System is managed battery auxiliary heat pipe.Injection has less water consumption, accurate control, the advantages of compact-sized and coefficient of heat transfer is higher,
Study and spraying system has radiated for miniaturized electronics.It is higher in view of temperature near large-sized battery electrode, the present invention
Battery temperature subregion is controlled, the purpose for promoting temperature homogeneity is reached by different fluid inlet line flow control.
Further, since jet cooling (or heating) coefficient of heat transfer is higher, cooling water amount of the present invention also greatly reduces, in structure more
Special air-tightness design need not be considered.
Control mode of the present invention is flexible, can open corresponding cooling system for battery difference operating mode, can successfully manage electricity
The problem of electrical automobile operating mode is changeable.Take full advantage of the cooling effect that air-cooled structure is simple, energy consumption is smaller and micro-injection cools down
Well, the advantages of precisely cooling down.
In addition, in the present invention depending on the visual battery temperature rising situation of the injection frequency of spraying system, it is only necessary to battery temperature
Auxiliary heat dissipation when reaching particular value, cooling system power consumption can be effectively reduced.For the bad working environments of only a few, microprojection systems
It can be sprayed by high-frequency and reach required radiating effect.
The present invention has stronger environmental suitability.Both structure can need not be readjusted at low ambient temperatures, pass through temperature control
Element, heater, heat cycles liquid and air realize the preheating and heating of battery pack.While spraying system is with air cooling system
Work, and realizes the conversion of function, can rapidly and uniformly heat battery, during saving under low temperature environment the wait for starting automobile
Between, there is larger practical significance.
The present invention is compact-sized, is easily assembled, is easy to maintenance, be safe and reliable, being easily managed；Battery can be met in difference
Radiating under working condition, reduce the problems such as battery bag temperature difference, pre- thermal cell.Have well in electrokinetic cell field of heat management
Application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is agent structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is cool wind box internal structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 right side structural representation.
Fig. 4 is Fig. 1 left view structural representation.
Fig. 5 is electrical principle block diagram of the present invention.
Figure 1 above 6-1,6-2,6-3 into Fig. 4 represent the fluid inlet line of each shower nozzle in connection jet array.
Embodiment
The present invention is more specifically described in detail with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1 to 5.The invention discloses a kind of High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery, including multiple lists
The battery pack that body battery 1 is formed, and flat hot pipe 2；The side of battery pack is provided with a cool wind box 4；
Flat hot pipe 2 is formed by more, and they are divided into an at least row or two row's above flat hot pipe arrays, they
Each evaporator section 2-1 it is orderly clamped by each cell 1 and be fitted in each cell 1 between, each cooling section 2-2 is orderly to be worn
The wallboard of supercooling bellows 4 is stretched into inside cool wind box 4；When using more than two rows, they are along battery length direction from upper
Array arrangement successively under and；
It is provided between dividing plate 4-6, every two adjacent dividing plate 4-6 and forms between each cooling section 2-2 in cool wind box 4
The branch cooling duct 4-2 of one cooling section 2-2 independence；
Cool wind box 4 includes an a total air inlet 4-4 and total air outlet 4-5；Total air inlet 4-4 is arranged on cooling wind
The upside of case one end, total air outlet 4-5 are arranged on the downside of the other end of cool wind box 4；
By total this one end of air inlet 4-4 to total that one end of air outlet 4-5 ends, straight line inclines the top plate of cool wind box 4 gradually downward
Tiltedly, the trapezoidal air-inlet cavity that toward tail end direction sectional area is gradually reduced maximum in total this end cross-sectional area of air inlet 4-4 is formed
4-1, the trapezoidal air-inlet cavity 4-1 base straight line are made up of the cooling section 2-2 of word order；
By total this one end of air inlet 4-4 to total that one end of air outlet 4-5 ends, straight line inclines the bottom plate of cool wind box 4 gradually downward
Tiltedly, one is formed in total this end cross-sectional area of air inlet 4-4 minimum, the sectional area toward total air outlet 4-5 extreme directions gradually to increase
Trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3, the top straight line of the trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3 is made up of the cooling section 2-2 of word order；
Wind enters trapezoidal air-inlet cavity 4-1 by total air inlet 4-4, enter back into each branch cooling duct 4-2 with cooling section 2-2
Discharged after collecting after the contact of surface into trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3 by total air outlet 4-5.
The structure design of trapezoidal air inlet/outlet chamber is advantageous to air quantity and evenly distributed in each branch cooling duct 4-2.Relatively
Serial ventilation, parallel Design of ventilation can reduce heat transfer deterioration caused by air themperature rise, improve battery pack temperature uniformity.
Trapezoidal cavity design make it that cooling down wind evenly distributes in each coolant flow channel, avoids causing battery pack because cooling air quantity is uneven
Non-uniform temperature.
The water circulating pump is turned on and off according to battery temperature situation.When battery temperature exceedes setting value, follow
Ring water pump is opened, and coolant is distributed to fluid inlet line (6-1,6-2,6-3) through constant temperature water tank, and then is distributed to each shower nozzle simultaneously
Injection to heat pipe cooling section 2-2 jets exchange heat.Than the heat convection of routine, jet heat exchange has the higher coefficient of heat transfer, institute
The cooling liquid measure needed is also less, and radiating is more concentrated.
The shower nozzle can be disposed on contiguous branch cooling duct 4-2 dividing plate 4-6 breach, is in cooling section 2-2
The same horizontal position.There are one or more jet orifices on shower nozzle towards the cooling section 2-2 of both sides heat pipe surface.Jet on shower nozzle
Hole number design can according to the caloric value of battery further optimization design.Shower nozzle couples with fluid inlet line, works as recirculated water
When pump is opened, heat pipe cooling section 2-2 spray cooling liquid of the shower nozzle to both sides.
Jet array is divided into three rows by the present invention., can be according to battery size and the distribution situation of temperature in concrete application
The line number of shower nozzle and fluid inlet line is moderately increased or decreased in design early stage.
The High Efficiency Thermal management system of the large-sized power battery also includes：
For the jet array 5 to cooling section 2-2 spray cooling liquid；
For internal liquid to be maintained to the constant temperature water tank of design temperature by freezing or heating；
For the liquid in constant temperature water tank to be delivered to the water circulating pump of jet array 5；
For the gas-liquid separator separated to gas and liquid；
For heating the electric heater of air；
For the blower fan for total air inlet 4-4 that wind is sent into cool wind box 4；
Total air outlet 4-5 of the gas-liquid import connection cool wind box 4 of the gas-liquid separator；
The outlet air end of the gas-liquid separator communicates (atmosphere outside, hereinafter referred to as air) with atmosphere outside；
The outlet end of the gas-liquid separator connects the arrival end of constant temperature water tank by pipeline；The port of export of constant temperature water tank is connected by pipeline
The water inlet of water circulating pump is connect, the delivery port of water circulating pump connects the shower nozzle battle array built in cool wind box 4 by pipeline connecting pipe road
Row 5；
The outlet air end of the gas-liquid separator has also been sequentially connected in series second stop valve and one by pipeline and has been used for pair
The electric heater that air is heated in pipeline；The entrance point of the air outlet connecting fan of electric heater.
Each shower nozzle of the jet array 5 is arranged on dividing plate 4-6, and injection direction corresponds to the cooling section 2- of flat hot pipe
2。
Pad has graphite flake 3 between evaporator section 2-1 and cell 1 surface.
The water circulating pump is frequency conversion water circulating pump.
The control method of the High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery of the present invention, it includes battery pack radiating step and electricity
Pond group heating stepses；It is specific as follows：
First, battery pack radiating step
Air-cooled step：
Blower fan is opened, and the second stop valve is closed, and the first stop valve is opened；
The heat that battery pack is sent when working with the evaporator section 2-1 of flat hot pipe 2 conductive force by passing to cooling section
2-2, cooling wind enter trapezoidal air-inlet cavity 4-1 by total air inlet 4-4 of cool wind box 4, entered back into each branch cooling duct 4-2
Contacted with cooling section 2-2 surfaces, realize and discharged after collecting into trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3 after heat exchange by total air outlet 4-5, then by
The outlet air end of gas-liquid separator drains into air, and then the heat of battery pack is drained into air, meanwhile, the cold wind from air is by wind
Machine delivers to total air inlet 4-4 of cool wind box 4；Circulate according to this；
Water-cooling step：
Air-cooled step keeps constant；When battery pack temperature is higher than setting value, water circulating pump starts, and coolant is through thermostatted water
Case flow to each shower nozzle of jet array 5 respectively；Shower nozzle forms jet heat exchange to cooling section 2-2 spray cooling liquid, after heat exchange,
The trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3 that coolant drops to the bottom of cool wind box 4 along each branch cooling duct 4-2 under gravity collects
Afterwards, gas-liquid separator is entered by total air outlet 4-5 together with cooling wind；After gas-liquid separator, cooling wind is expelled to air, cold
But liquid enters constant temperature water tank；Finally, coolant is recycled to cool wind box 4 by water circulating pump, and cold wind is then entered by air through blower fan
Enter cool wind box 4；Circulate according to this；
After water-cooling step is opened, the temperature of battery pack is begun to decline, and when dropping to preset temperature, water-cooling step is closed,
Whole shower nozzles stop injection, only keep air-cooled operation to continue to run with；When battery pack temperature rises to preset temperature again, water cooling
Step starts again at operation.
When the water-cooling step is opened, according to the local temperature distribution situation of battery pack, each water circulating pump can adjust
Power, to increase or reduce the injection flow of corresponding row's shower nozzle in 5, and then change battery pack local temperature point
Cloth, it is uniformly distributed battery pack bulk temperature.
After water-cooling step is opened, the temperature of battery pack is begun to decline, and when dropping to preset temperature, water-cooling step is closed,
Whole shower nozzles stop injection, only keep air-cooled operation to continue to run with；When battery pack temperature rises to preset temperature again, water cooling
Step starts again at operation.
2nd, battery pack heating stepses
Wind-heat step：
Start blower fan, start electric heater, close the first stop valve, open the second stop valve；
Air is after electric heater heats, into cool wind box 4；Now the evaporator section 2-1 of flat hot pipe 2 is changed into now cold
But section, cooling section 2-2 are changed into existing evaporator section；The hot-air constantly flowed is entered trapezoidal by total air inlet 4-4 of cool wind box 4
Air-inlet cavity 4-1, enter back into each branch cooling duct 4-2 and contacted with now evaporation section surface, complete to exchange heat, and then by hot-air
Heat is transmitted to battery pack；Complete to enter gas-liquid separation by total air outlet 4-5 after the wind after heat exchange collects into trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3
Device, air is drained into by the outlet air end of gas-liquid separator；
Hydrothermal step：
Startup constant temperature water tank is heating mode；Liquid is heated to assigned temperature in constant temperature water tank, temperature regard concrete condition and
It is fixed, it can typically be set to 20 DEG C~35 DEG C.
Start water circulating pump；
Liquid flow to each shower nozzle of jet array 5 respectively in constant temperature water tank；Shower nozzle sprays hot liquid, shape to existing evaporator section
Exchanged heat into jet, and then transfer heat to battery pack；Liquid is under gravity along each branch cooling duct 4-2 after heat exchange
Drop to the bottom of cool wind box 4 trapezoidal air-out chamber 4-3 collect after, with completing to be entered by total air outlet 4-5 together with the wind after exchanging heat
Enter gas-liquid separator；After gas-liquid separator, gas drains into air, and liquid enters constant temperature water tank；Circulate according to this, until battery pack
Temperature reach design temperature.
The present invention's has higher adaptability, according to the cooling requirements of higher energy densitybattery and different can make
With environment, the cooling liquid that replaceable thermal conductivity factor is higher, specific heat capacity is bigger also can be correspondingly using different operating scope or not
The heat pipe of same type.
As described above, the present invention can be better realized.
Embodiments of the present invention are simultaneously not restricted to the described embodiments, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention
With made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification, should be equivalent substitute mode, be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery, including the battery pack that multiple cells (1) are formed, Yi Jibian
Flat heat pipe (2)；It is characterized in that：The side of battery pack is provided with a cool wind box (4)；
Flat hot pipe (2) is formed by more, and they are divided into an at least row or two row's above flat hot pipe arrays, they each
Evaporator section (2-1) it is orderly clamped by each cell (1) and be fitted in each cell (1) between, each cooling section (2-2) has
It is internal that the wallboard through cool wind box (4) of sequence stretches into cool wind box (4)；When using more than two rows, they grow along battery
Spend direction array arrangement successively from top to bottom；
Dividing plate (4-6) is provided between each cooling section (2-2) in cool wind box (4), between every two adjacent dividing plates (4-6)
Form the independent branch cooling duct (4-2) of the cooling section (2-2)；
Cool wind box (4) includes a total air inlet (4-4) and a total air outlet (4-5)；Total air inlet (4-4) is arranged on cold
But the upside of bellows one end, total air outlet (4-5) are arranged on the downside of cool wind box (4) other end；
The top plate of cool wind box (4) holds that one end straight line gradually downward by total air inlet (4-4) this one end to total air outlet (4-5)
Tilt, formed one it is maximum in total air inlet (4-4) this end cross-sectional area, toward tail end direction sectional area be gradually reduced it is trapezoidal enter
Wind chamber (4-1), the base straight line of the trapezoidal air-inlet cavity (4-1) are made up of the cooling section (2-2) of word order；
The bottom plate of cool wind box (4) holds that one end straight line gradually downward by total air inlet (4-4) this one end to total air outlet (4-5)
Tilt, formed one it is minimum in total air inlet (4-4) this end cross-sectional area, toward total air outlet (4-5) extreme direction sectional area by
Cumulative big trapezoidal air-out chamber (4-3), the top straight line of the trapezoidal air-out chamber (4-3) by word order cooling section (2-2) structure
Into；
Wind enters trapezoidal air-inlet cavity (4-1) by total air inlet (4-4), enters back into each branch cooling duct (4-2) and cooling section
Discharged after collecting after the contact of (2-2) surface into trapezoidal air-out chamber (4-3) by total air outlet (4-5).
2. the High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the large-sized power electricity
The High Efficiency Thermal management system in pond also includes：
For the jet array (5) to cooling section (2-2) spray cooling liquid；
For internal liquid to be maintained to the constant temperature water tank of design temperature by freezing or heating；
For the liquid in constant temperature water tank to be delivered to the water circulating pump of jet array (5)；
For the gas-liquid separator separated to gas and liquid；
For heating the electric heater of air；
For the blower fan for total air inlet (4-4) that wind is sent into cool wind box (4)；
Total air outlet (4-5) of the gas-liquid import connection cool wind box (4) of the gas-liquid separator；
The outlet air end of the gas-liquid separator communicates with air；The outlet end of the gas-liquid separator connects thermostatted water by pipeline
The arrival end of case；The port of export of constant temperature water tank connects the water inlet of water circulating pump by pipeline, and the delivery port of water circulating pump passes through
Jet array (5) built in pipeline connecting pipe road connection cool wind box (4)；
The outlet air end of the gas-liquid separator has also been sequentially connected in series second stop valve by pipeline and one is used for pipeline
The electric heater that interior air is heated；The entrance point of the air outlet connecting fan of electric heater.
3. the High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the jet array
(5) each shower nozzle is arranged on dividing plate (4-6), and injection direction corresponds to the cooling section (2-2) of flat hot pipe.
4. the High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the evaporator section (2-
1) pad has graphite flake (3) between cell (1) surface.
5. the High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the water circulating pump is
Frequency conversion water circulating pump.
A kind of 6. control method of the High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery described in claim 3, it is characterised in that including
Battery pack radiating step and battery pack heating stepses；
First, battery pack radiating step
Air-cooled step：
Blower fan is opened, and the second stop valve is closed, and the first stop valve is opened；
The heat that battery pack is sent when working with the conductive force of flat hot pipe (2) evaporator section (2-1) by passing to cooling section
(2-2), cooling wind enter trapezoidal air-inlet cavity (4-1) by total air inlet (4-4) of cool wind box (4), enter back into each branch's cooling
Contacts in passage (4-2), realized after collecting into trapezoidal air-out chamber (4-3) after heat exchange by always going out with cooling section (2-2) surface
Air port (4-5) is discharged, then drains into air by the outlet air end of gas-liquid separator, and then the heat of battery pack is drained into air, meanwhile,
Cold wind from air is delivered to total air inlet (4-4) of cool wind box (4) by blower fan；Circulate according to this；
Water-cooling step：
Air-cooled step keeps constant；When battery pack temperature is higher than setting value, water circulating pump starts, and coolant is through constant temperature water tank point
Each shower nozzle of jet array (5) is not flow to；Shower nozzle forms jet heat exchange to cooling section (2-2) spray cooling liquid, after heat exchange,
Coolant drops to the trapezoidal air-out chamber (4- of cool wind box (4) bottom along each branch cooling duct (4-2) under gravity
3) after collecting, gas-liquid separator is entered by total air outlet (4-5) together with cooling wind；After gas-liquid separator, cooling wind discharge
To air, coolant enters constant temperature water tank；Finally, coolant is recycled to cool wind box (4) by water circulating pump, and cold wind is then by big
Gas enters cool wind box (4) through blower fan；Circulate according to this；
2nd, battery pack heating stepses
Wind-heat step：
Start blower fan, start electric heater, close the first stop valve, open the second stop valve；
Air is after electric heater heats, into cool wind box (4)；Now the evaporator section (2-1) of flat hot pipe (2) is changed into existing
Cooling section, cooling section (2-2) are changed into existing evaporator section；The hot-air constantly flowed by cool wind box (4) total air inlet (4-4)
Into trapezoidal air-inlet cavity (4-1), enter back into each branch cooling duct (4-2) and contacted with now evaporation section surface, complete heat exchange, enter
And the heat of hot-air is transmitted to battery pack；Complete after the wind after heat exchange collects into trapezoidal air-out chamber (4-3) by total air outlet
(4-5) enters gas-liquid separator, and air is drained into by the outlet air end of gas-liquid separator；
Hydrothermal step：
Startup constant temperature water tank is heating mode；Liquid is heated to assigned temperature in constant temperature water tank；
Start water circulating pump；
Liquid flow to each shower nozzle of jet array (5) respectively in constant temperature water tank；Shower nozzle sprays hot liquid to existing evaporator section, is formed
Jet exchanges heat, and then transfers heat to battery pack；Liquid is under gravity along each branch cooling duct (4-2) after heat exchange
Drop to cool wind box (4) bottom trapezoidal air-out chamber (4-3) collect after, with complete exchange heat after wind together with by total air outlet
(4-5) enters gas-liquid separator；After gas-liquid separator, gas drains into air, and liquid enters constant temperature water tank；Circulate according to this, directly
Temperature to battery pack reaches design temperature.
7. the control method of the High Efficiency Thermal management system of large-sized power battery according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is described
When water-cooling step is opened, according to the local temperature distribution situation of battery pack, can adjust the power of each water circulating pump, with increase or
Person reduces the injection flow of corresponding row's shower nozzle in (5), and then changes the distribution of battery pack local temperature, makes battery pack whole
Temperature is uniformly distributed；
After water-cooling step is opened, the temperature of battery pack is begun to decline, and when dropping to preset temperature, water-cooling step is closed, all
Shower nozzle stops injection, only keeps air-cooled operation to continue to run with；When battery pack temperature rises to preset temperature again, water-cooling step
Start again at operation.
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