CN109244594A - A kind of power battery thermal management system and power battery thermal management method - Google Patents
A kind of power battery thermal management system and power battery thermal management method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109244594A CN109244594A CN201811210274.8A CN201811210274A CN109244594A CN 109244594 A CN109244594 A CN 109244594A CN 201811210274 A CN201811210274 A CN 201811210274A CN 109244594 A CN109244594 A CN 109244594A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of power battery thermal management system and power battery thermal management methods, belong to technical field of battery management.Management system includes battery pack and thermal management unit, and battery pack includes shell and is encapsulated in the intracorporal battery pack of shell, and thermal management unit includes cooling unit and temperature monitoring unit；Cooling unit includes control unit and the air blast cooling unit controlled by control unit and misting cooling unit, and temperature monitoring unit is to control unit output temperature monitoring signals；Air blast cooling unit includes blower and air inlet and exhaust outlet on shell, and gap by the side that blower is used to that the air-flow entered by air inlet to be driven to flow through battery pack to carry out air blast cooling to battery pack, and is discharged from exhaust outlet；Misting cooling unit includes to the spraying spray nozzle of battery pack and for the liquid feeding pipeline to spray nozzle feed flow.By the way that air blast cooling unit and misting cooling unit is arranged simultaneously, the response speed to thermal runaway processing is improved, can be widely applied in the fields such as automobile.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of battery management, specifically, being related to a kind of power battery thermal management system and power
Battery thermal management method.
Background technique
The power batteries such as lithium battery are usually used in providing electrical source of power for new energy vehicle, can efficiently solve existing fossil energy
The problem of exhausted and city environmental pollution.But power battery has the following problems in use, i.e., when battery pack by
When the problems such as squeezing puncture and when leading to its internal short-circuit, a large amount of heat can be released in instantaneous time, and lead to thermal runaway, such as
Fruit cannot carry out cooling processing to it in time, can not only reduce the service life and efficiency of battery, it is also possible to cause explosion, rise
The serious safeties accident such as fire.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, notification number is that the patent document of CN102139646B discloses a kind of power battery
Heat management system, including electric air-conditioning, air inlet duct and battery management system；Wherein, air inlet duct is connected to going out for electric air-conditioning
Between air port and the air inlet of battery pack, for the cold wind of electric air-conditioning to be introduced in battery pack；Battery management system is used for
When the maximum temperature of battery module is higher than preset threshold, cold wind caused by electric air-conditioning is introduced battery pack by control air inlet duct
It is interior, to be cooled down to the battery pack in battery pack.I.e. in the patent document, using air cooling way to the thermal runaway of battery into
Row management, in order to energy saving, electric air-conditioning can not be in refrigerating state in the low temperature environments such as winter, autumn, and electronic
Starting of air conditioner simultaneously needs scheduled duration into refrigerating state, and pierces through the extreme conditions such as the big calorimetrics of abrupt releases such as battery pack squeezing
Under, due to its inadequate problem of response speed that cools down, the management system is caused also to be difficult to effectively be located in these thermal runaways
Reason.
In addition, in the prior art, it is also common that thermal runaway is carried out to battery pack based on technological means such as phase-change material, liquid coolings
Processing, for example, disclosing a kind of power electric based on phase change materials in the patent document that notification number is CN103762395B
Pond heat management system, these methods problem inadequate there is also response speed, is still difficult to the heat to abrupt release amount of heat
Problem out of control is effectively handled.
Summary of the invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide a kind of power battery thermal management system, can not only be under normal operating conditions
Battery pack carries out proper heat reduction, and can carry out cooling treatment in time to the battery pack under thermal run away condition；
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of thermal management algorithms used suitable for above-mentioned heat management system.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned main objectives, power battery thermal management system provided by the invention includes battery pack and heat management
Unit, battery pack include shell and are encapsulated at least one intracorporal battery pack of shell, and thermal management unit includes cooling unit and use
In the temperature monitoring unit that the temperature to battery pack is monitored；Cooling unit includes control unit and is controlled by control unit
Air blast cooling unit and misting cooling unit, temperature monitoring unit is to control unit output temperature monitoring signals；Air blast cooling list
Member includes blower and air inlet and exhaust outlet on shell, and blower is used to that the air-flow entered by air inlet to be driven to flow through battery
Gap by the side of group to carry out air blast cooling to battery pack, and is discharged from exhaust outlet；Misting cooling unit includes spraying to battery pack
The spray nozzle of mist and for the liquid feeding pipeline to spray nozzle feed flow.
By the way that air blast cooling unit and misting cooling unit is arranged simultaneously, with can be in the feelings for the temperature such as thermal runaway occur and rising suddenly
Under condition, can joint air blast cooling unit with misting cooling unit cooling processing, i.e., air-cooled air-flow are carried out to corresponding battery pack
The spraying speed to battery fast cooling, and fast response time are strengthened, and need to only carry out air blast cooling i.e. in proper heat reduction
Can, effectively thermal runaway problem is handled in time.
Specific scheme is cooling working medium of the liquid feeding pipeline to spray nozzle supply after cooling treatment.It further increases
Cooling rate.
More specific scheme is along the direction of travel of cooling working medium, and liquid feeding pipeline includes the pressure being sequentially connected to by communicating pipe
Contracting machine, condenser, hydrops slot, centrifugal pump, buffer and filter；The import of compressor and the inner cavity of shell pass through the first pipeline
The outlet of connection, filter is connected to by the second pipeline with spray nozzle.
Further embodiment supplies silicone oil to spray nozzle for liquid feeding pipeline；Condenser is placed in low temperature liquid bath or by low temperature
Liquid bath supplies cryogenic liquid to its low temperature wing passage；Spray nozzle is located at by side in gap；The bottom chamber composition of shell is used for
The collecting tank of dripping is collected, collecting tank is equipped with leakage fluid dram；Leakage fluid dram passes through the inlet communication of third pipeline and compressor；
Third pipeline includes hydrops slot；First pipeline is equipped with shut-off valve, and the second pipeline is equipped with shut-off valve, and third pipeline, which is equipped with, to be cut
Only valve；The import of first pipeline passes through to be connect on the gas exhaust piping of air blast cooling unit by triple valve, and along the traveling side of air-flow
To triple valve is located at the downstream of air exhauster.
Preferred scheme is that blower includes for the ventilating fan to air inlet progress air blast and for carrying out to exhaust outlet
The air exhauster of pumping；Air inlet and exhaust outlet are arranged on the two sides shell wall positioned opposite of shell；Along the height side of shell
To air inlet is located at the bottom of side shell wall, and exhaust outlet is located at the top of other side shell wall；The side of exhaust outlet is directed toward by air inlet
To the bottom surface of the inner cavity of shell is in tilted layout upward, and the top surface of inner cavity is in tilted layout upward；Bottom surface and top surface are arranged in parallel；Into
Cloth air cavity is equipped between port and inner cavity and/or between exhaust outlet and inner cavity, by being laid with multiple gas distributions between cloth air cavity and inner cavity
The air distribution plate in hole is isolated；Qi-emitting hole is evenly arranged on air distribution plate.It, can effectively balanced different location by the way that cloth air cavity is arranged
The air cooling effect of the battery pack at place.
Another preferred scheme is that multiple battery packs are arranged to three-dimensional matrix structure, two neighboring battery pack in shell
Between have gap by side；Liquid feeding pipeline includes feed flow supervisor and the other feed flow branch pipe connect on feed flow supervisor；Feed flow branch pipe protrudes into
By side in gap, and the other spray nozzle being connected to towards the side of battery pack；Maximum two sides of the area of each battery pack
Face is laid with the spray nozzle towards it；Temperature monitoring unit includes the temperature sensor being sticked on the side of battery pack；
Temperature sensor is sticked on the side except spray nozzle institute's direct-injection side.
Another preferred scheme is that control unit includes processor and memory, and memory is stored with computer program,
When computer program is executed by processor, it can be realized following steps:
Obtain the temperature monitoring signal that temperature monitoring unit is exported；
When the temperature for having battery pack is more than or equal to the first preset value and/or heating rate is more than or equal to the second preset value,
While at least control spray nozzle is spraying to the battery pack, control air blast cooling unit carries out air blast cooling to battery pack.
Preferred scheme be liquid feeding pipeline for liquid boiling point less than or equal to the first preset value；When the temperature for having battery pack
When degree is more than or equal to third preset value, the temperature of battery pack is decreased below the 4th preset value by control blower work, and the 4th
Preset value is less than or equal to third preset value, and third preset value is less than the first preset value.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned another object, power battery thermal management method provided by the invention the following steps are included:
Obtain the temperature of battery pack in battery pack；
When the temperature for having battery pack is more than or equal to the first preset value and/or heating rate is more than or equal to the second preset value,
While at least spraying to the battery pack, control air-flow flows through gap by the side of the battery pack, to carry out air blast cooling simultaneously to it
At least take away part and the fog after battery pack heat exchange.
In the case where excessively high temperature or rapidly heating occurs in battery pack, characterizes it and be possible to thermal runaway occur, by right
It carries out air blast cooling and misting cooling, two kinds of types of cooling combine, and strengthens by spraying using air-cooled air-flow to electricity
The speed of pond fast cooling, the fast response time being allowed to cool can effectively be handled thermal runaway problem in time.
Specific scheme is less than or equal to the first preset value for the boiling point of institute's hydrojet mist；Liquid mist by silicone oil atomization at；Liquid mist by
Liquid after cooling treatment is atomized into；When the temperature for having battery pack is more than or equal to third preset value, control air-flow is flowed through
Gap by the side of the battery pack, decreases below the 4th preset value for the temperature of the battery pack, the 4th preset value is less than or equal to
Third preset value, third preset value is less than the first preset value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of present system embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is battery pack and to be installed in the stereoscopic schematic diagram of its shell upper connector in present system embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of battery pack and part liquid feeding pipeline in present system embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is that battery pack, air blast cooling unit and the structure of part of spray cooling unit are shown in present system embodiment 1
It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is battery pack in present system embodiment 1 and part liquid feeding pipeline in the knot being different under visual angle shown in Fig. 3
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is A partial enlarged view in Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of condenser and low temperature sink in present system embodiment 1；
Fig. 8 is circuit principle structure block diagram in present system embodiment 1；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of battery pack and part liquid feeding pipeline in present system embodiment 2；
Figure 10 is battery pack, the structure of air blast cooling unit and part of spray cooling unit in present system embodiment 3
Schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiments and its attached drawing the invention will be further described.
Power battery thermal management system embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, power battery thermal management system 1 of the present invention includes battery pack 2 and thermal management unit.
As shown in Figures 2 to 5, battery pack 2 includes shell 20 and the multiple battery packs 21 being encapsulated in the shell 20, this is more
A battery pack 21 is arranged to three-dimensional matrix structure in shell 20, and has gap 22 by side between two neighboring battery pack 21, i.e.,
It is not directly contacted between each battery pack 21 and the shell of other battery packs 21, in the present embodiment for by 168 battery pack groups
At 8 × 7 × 3 three-dimensional matrix structure.
As shown in Figures 1 to 8, thermal management unit includes that cooling unit and the temperature for battery pack 21 are monitored
Temperature monitoring unit 11, cooling unit include control unit 10 and the air blast cooling unit 3 controlled by the control unit and are sprayed
Cooling unit 4；In the present embodiment, temperature monitoring unit 11 is by the temperature sensor that is sticked on the side of each battery pack 21
Building, which detects signal to 10 output temperature of control unit, with the Current Temperatures to each battery pack 21
And current temperature variations are monitored；Specifically, temperature sensor be sticked battery pack 21 along be parallel to the face XOY or
On the side of the face YOZ arrangement.
Air blast cooling unit 3 includes ventilating fan 31, air exhauster 32 and air inlet 33 and exhaust on shell 20
Mouth 34, the air outlet of ventilating fan 31 with air inlet 33 by being connected to communicating pipe 35, so that ventilating fan 31 can be to air inlet 33
It carries out air blast and blasts air-flow to the inner cavity of shell 20, the air inlet of air exhauster 32 is connected by communicating pipe 36 and exhaust outlet 34
It is logical so that air exhauster 32 can be evacuated exhaust outlet 34 and flow out 20 inner cavity interior air-flow of shell, i.e., ventilating fan 31 with
Air exhauster 32 constitutes gap 22 by the side in the present embodiment for driving the air-flow entered by air inlet 33 to flow through battery pack 21,
To carry out air blast cooling, and the blower being discharged from exhaust outlet 34 to each battery pack 21.The concrete composition structure of blower not office
The structure for limiting the air exhauster 32 and ventilating fan 31 in the present embodiment, also can be used single blower and is constructed, only its function
Rate needs to increase, to reach corresponding air blast cooling effect.
As shown in figure 4, air inlet 33 and exhaust outlet 34 are arranged on the two sides shell wall positioned opposite of shell 20；Along shell
20 short transverse, i.e. Z axis in figure are upward, and air inlet 33 is located at the bottom section of right side shell wall, and exhaust outlet 34 is located at a left side
The top area of side shell wall；And the direction of exhaust outlet 34, i.e., the X-axis negative sense along figure, the inner cavity of shell 20 are directed toward by air inlet 33
Bottom surface 200 be in tilted layout upward, the top surface 201 of inner cavity is in tilted layout upward, and bottom surface 200 and top surface 201 are arranged in parallel.?
In the course of work, the air-flow for increasing with the gas flow temperature after 21 heat exchange of battery pack and floating, and not exchanging is located at lower region
Domain, and the pump action of two blowers, so that air flow method as shown on the graph in fig. 4 is formed inside shell 20, it can be effective
Ground carries out air blast cooling to the battery pack 21 at different location.
Misting cooling unit 4 include at least to the spraying spray nozzle 41 in a side of each battery pack and for this
The liquid feeding pipeline of 41 feed flow of spray nozzle.Along direction of travel of the working medium in liquid feeding pipeline, which includes passing through connection
Compressor 42, condenser 43, hydrops slot 44, centrifugal pump 45, buffer 46 and the filter 47 that pipe 40 is sequentially connected to；Compressor 42
Import and the inner cavity of shell 20 be connected to by the first pipeline 5, the outlet of filter 47 passes through the second pipeline 6 and spray nozzle 41
Connection.
As shown in fig. 7, be water-cooled heat exchanger for condenser 43, specially double passage heat exchanger, high temperature wing passage
The inlet of compressor 42 outlet and collecting tank 44 is connected to by communicating pipe 40, low temperature wing passage passes through pipeline and low temperature liquid bath 48
Connection, with during the work time, the cryogenic liquid in low temperature liquid bath 48 is under the pumping force effect of pump, in high temperature wing passage
Working medium is exchanged heat and is reduced the temperature of the working medium, i.e. condenser 43 supplies Low Temperature Liquid from low temperature liquid bath 48 to its low temperature wing passage
Body, low temperature liquid bath 48 is low temperature sink in the present embodiment.In addition, also condensable device 43 is placed in low temperature liquid bath, i.e., it is cold at this time
The shell of condenser 43 is constituted to carry out changing hot medium with the cryogenic liquid in low temperature liquid bath.
In the present embodiment, the first pipeline 5 includes the shut-off valve 51 being connected in communicating pipe 50, and will using triple valve 52
It is connect on the gas exhaust piping of air blast cooling unit 4 by the import of first pipeline 5, i.e. the first port of triple valve 52 and communicating pipe 50
Inlet communication, second port is connected to the air outlet of air exhauster 32, the inlet communication of third port and exhaust pipe 53, with
In the course of work, triple valve 52 is selectively connected in import and the exhaust pipe 53 of the air outlet, shut-off valve 51 of air exhauster 32
The two, to realize to connection both therein.That is, and the direction of travel along liquid in pipeline, triple valve 52 be located at row
The downstream of gas blower 32.
Second pipeline 6 includes the pressure gauge 61 being sequentially connected to by communicating pipe 60 and liquid separation pipeline 62, liquid separation pipeline include
Feed flow supervisor 620 and the other feed flow branch pipe 621 connect on feed flow supervisor 620, feed flow branch pipe 621 protrude into electricity to arrangement along Z axis
By the side of pond group 21 in gap, spray nozzle 41 connects on the feed flow branch pipe 621 towards the laterally other of the battery pack 21, can lead to
It crosses and electric check valve is set and individually controls each spray nozzle towards correspondence between each branch pipe 621 and corresponding spray nozzle 41
The side of battery pack 21 is spraying, electric check valve can also be arranged between a feed flow branch pipe 621 and feed flow supervisor 620 and control
The spray nozzle 41 made on the branch pipe works independently, can also whole feed flow supervisor 620 controlled by an electric check valve, from
And it is sprayed all spray nozzles 41 synchronously to all battery packs；In the present embodiment, for by being arranged in connecting tube
Shut-off valve 49 on road 50 and positioned at 47 upstream side of filter control the work of entire second pipeline 6.In the present embodiment,
" sequentially " it is configured as by the flow direction along fluid in pipeline, the meaning arranged in sequence, and can according to demand, at two
Series connection corresponding function unit on communicating pipe between functional unit.
In the present embodiment, gap is spraying at least provided with a spray nozzle 41 by the side of each battery pack 21, and every
Maximum two sides of the area of one battery pack 21 are laid with the spray nozzle 41 towards it, in the present embodiment, at least
It is provided with a nozzle towards the side for being parallel to the face XOZ in battery pack 21, i.e. temperature sensor in the present embodiment is sticked
On the side except 41 direct-injection side of spray nozzle, with can accurately reaction cell group 21 temperature.
In the present embodiment, the bottom chamber 202 of shell 20 constitutes the collecting tank for collecting the working medium dripped, collecting tank
Equipped with leakage fluid dram 203；Leakage fluid dram 203 passes through the inlet communication of third pipeline 7 and compressor 42；Wherein, third pipeline 7 sequentially wraps
Include the hydrops slot 71 and shut-off valve 72 by being connected to communicating pipe 70.During the work time, the liquid being collected in bottom chamber 202
State working medium will be collected in collecting tank 71, and be worked as desired by compressor 42 is conveyed to communicating pipe 70, at this
In embodiment, communicating pipe 70 is connect on communicating pipe 50 by threeway side, and the threeway position is located at the downstream of shut-off valve 51.
In the present embodiment, control unit 10 specifically includes processor and memory, and memory is stored with computer journey
Sequence can be realized following steps when computer program is executed by the processor:
Obtaining step obtains the temperature monitoring signal that temperature monitoring unit 11 is exported.
According to the temperature sensor being sticked on the side of different battery packs 21, at least can be in real time to different battery packs
21 Current Temperatures and current heating rate are monitored.
During the work time, if 21 temperature of a certain battery pack is increased to third threshold value or more, characterizing the temperature may
When will affect service life or the working efficiency of the battery pack 21, cooling processing need to be carried out to it, when a certain battery pack 21 due to by
When extruding punctures and short circuit occurs, a large amount of heat can be released in a short time, cause the heating rate of the battery pack 21 will be big
It will be elevated above the first preset value in the second preset value or its temperature.First preset value, the second preset value and third preset value
It is configured according to different model battery and working environment.
Thermal runaway processing step, when the temperature for having battery pack 21 is greater than more than or equal to the first preset value and/or heating rate
When equal to the second preset value, while at least control spray nozzle 41 is spraying to the battery pack 21, control air blast cooling unit 3 is right
Battery pack 21 carries out air blast cooling.
Wherein, specific scheme for liquid feeding pipeline for working medium boiling point be less than or equal to aforementioned first preset value, to spray
Fog on mist to battery pack 21 can largely realize distillation and siphon away a large amount of heat, realize better cooling effect.
Conventional warm-down step, when the temperature for having battery pack 21 is more than or equal to third preset value, control blower work will
The temperature of battery pack 21 decreases below the 4th preset value, wherein the 4th preset value is less than or equal to aforementioned third preset value, third
Preset value is less than aforementioned first preset value.
Specifically, single battery in battery pack 2, i.e. battery pack are constituted battery pack in series-parallel mode, each monomer
There are gaps 22 by side between battery.Thermal management unit being driven by ventilating fan 31 and air exhauster 32 in normal state
Dynamic, the cold air in external environment, which is entered by ventilating fan 31 by air inlet 33 in the shell 20 of battery pack 2, forms air duct, empty
The side of gas and battery pack 21 comes into full contact with and shell 20 is discharged by exhaust outlet 34 by air exhauster 32 after heat exchange.
Cooling working medium specifically uses silicone oil, and boiling point is at 100 DEG C, and battery temperature of battery in thermal runaway can reach
150 DEG C or so.Other are with electrical insulating property and the lower liquid of boiling point can be used as cooling working medium.Process of the battery in operation
In, temperature detection signal can be passed to control unit 10 by the temperature sensor of battery surface, when detecting battery pack 21
When surface temperature is higher than 40 DEG C, the blower being connected with battery pack 2 will start, and be carried out by air blast cooling to battery pack 21 cold
But, the air force specifically blasted is determined that, when the temperature of battery is higher, fan delivery is bigger by the actual temp of battery.
When thermal runaway occurs for battery, the temperature of battery surface will continue to rise, and instantaneously reach 100 DEG C or more, at this point, control unit 10
It while the unlatching work of misting cooling unit 4 can be controlled, also opens air blast cooling unit 3 and opens work, with by refrigeration
The silicone oil of reason is atomized by nozzle spray 41 and is injected on the side surface of battery pack 21, to pass through misting cooling and air blast cooling knot
The means of conjunction carry out rapid cooling to the battery pack 21 of fever, avoid accident.Meanwhile vaporized working medium silicone oil and air
Mixed gas be discharged from exhaust outlet 34, at this point, triple valve 52 goes to the air outlet and shut-off valve 51 of connection exhaust extension set 32
Import, to be entered in compressor 42 by steam control valve 51, the working medium silicone oil not gasified on a small quantity passes through 21 surface of battery pack
It drips to collected by bottom chamber 202, and the discharge of leakage fluid dram 203 passed through enters collecting tank 71 by liquid control valve 72
It is interior, it is entered back into compressor 42 later.Entered in condenser 43 by the pressurized gas-liquid mixture of compressor 42, bosher
Matter silicone oil exchanges heat with water at low temperature in condenser 43 and is condensed into after liquid and is entered in collecting tank 44 by outlet, not condensed sky
Gas is discharged by exhaust outlet 430.The cooling working medium silicone oil of liquid passes through buffer 46 and filter 47 under the action of centrifugal pump 45,
And enter in battery pack 2 again by feed flow supervisor 620 and feed flow branch pipe 621, and spray is formed under the action of spray nozzle 41
Mist cools down battery.
Wherein, the structure of the spray nozzle in battery pack 2 and pipeline can be by battery in the size and experiment of single battery
The degree of heat make corresponding adjustment, such as can the parameters such as spray angle to nozzle and height be changed to improve and change
Thermal effect.It is the corresponding battery of at least one nozzle in example diagram, it is two that more small-sized square battery, which can also be used,
Single battery matches a nozzle.
For the specific structure of spray nozzle 41, pressure type atomizing nozzle can be selected or gas helps formula nozzle.
This battery thermal management system cools down battery pack in such a way that misting cooling is in conjunction with air blast cooling, can be with
The surface temperature of battery is significantly reduced in a short time, and occupied space is smaller, does not influence the heat dissipation effect under normal condition,
Coolant liquid after gasification can utilize again after condensation, have applied widely, light-weighted advantage.It is compressed by setting
The devices such as machine, condenser, liquid trap, centrifugal pump enter battery pack and continue cooling change after condensing the coolant liquid of gasification again
Heat.
Power battery thermal management system embodiment 2
As the explanation to power battery thermal management system embodiment 2 of the present invention, below only to hot with above-mentioned power battery
The difference of management system embodiment 1 is illustrated.
Predominantly the position of liquid separation pipeline and spray nozzle in liquid feeding pipeline is improved, in particular, ginseng
See Fig. 9, liquid separation pipeline includes that the feed flow supervisor 620 being located in battery pack 21 along X axis arrangement and more arrange ground along Y-axis
Feed flow branch pipe 621 in battery pack 21 has multiple spray nozzles 41 in the arranged beneath of every branch pipe 621, the spraying spray
Mouth is located at the top in gap by the side between two adjacent cell groups 21, and has the side towards multiple battery packs 21 below
The spout of face arrangement, thus the spraying treatment synchronized from multiple battery packs 21 of the top to lower section.
Power battery thermal management system embodiment 3
As the explanation to power battery thermal management system embodiment 2 of the present invention, below only to hot with above-mentioned power battery
The difference of management system embodiment 1 is illustrated.
As shown in Figure 10, for accommodating between the inner cavity 2000 of battery pack 21 and exhaust outlet 34 in air inlet 33 and shell 20
Cloth air cavity 2001 is equipped between inner cavity 2000, by being laid with multiple qi-emitting holes 90 between cloth air cavity 2001 and inner cavity 2000
Air distribution plate 9 is isolated.In the present embodiment, the identical qi-emitting hole 90 in multiple apertures is evenly arranged on air distribution plate 9, is of coursed,
It can according to need, the hole area in the unit plate suqare of the qi-emitting hole 90 at the position adjacent to air inlet 33, exhaust outlet 34
Small, the unit hole area further away from them is bigger.
Power battery thermal management method embodiment
It is real to power battery thermal management method of the present invention in the explanation of above-mentioned power battery thermal management system embodiment
It applies example to be illustrated, details are not described herein.
The main idea of the present invention is by the way that wind cooling unit and misting cooling list is arranged in the shell of battery pack simultaneously
Member, air-cooled and misting cooling can be combined in the case where there is thermal runaway, to realize at the rapid cooling to battery pack
Reason.According to this design, the specific structure of battery pack, the specific structure of liquid feeding pipeline, the specific position of spray head and structure,
Also there are many obvious variations for the quantity and position of blower, it is not limited to the specific structure in above-described embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of power battery thermal management system, including battery pack and thermal management unit, the battery pack includes shell and encapsulation
In at least one intracorporal battery pack of the shell, the thermal management unit includes cooling unit and for the temperature to the battery pack
Spend the temperature monitoring unit being monitored；
It is characterized by:
The cooling unit includes control unit and the air blast cooling unit controlled by described control unit and misting cooling unit,
The temperature monitoring unit is to described control unit output temperature monitoring signals；
The air blast cooling unit includes blower and air inlet and exhaust outlet on the shell, and the blower is for driving
Gap by the side of the battery pack is flowed through by the air-flow that the air inlet enters, to carry out air blast cooling to the battery pack, and
It is discharged from the exhaust outlet；
The misting cooling unit includes to the spraying spray nozzle of the battery pack and for the spray nozzle feed flow
Liquid feeding pipeline.
2. power battery thermal management system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The liquid feeding pipeline supplies the cooling working medium after cooling treatment to the spray nozzle.
3. power battery thermal management system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Along the direction of travel of the cooling working medium, the liquid feeding pipeline includes the compressor being sequentially connected to by communicating pipe, condensation
Device, hydrops slot, centrifugal pump, buffer and filter；The inner cavity of the import of the compressor and the shell passes through the first pipeline
The outlet of connection, the filter is connected to by the second pipeline with the spray nozzle.
4. power battery thermal management system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
The liquid feeding pipeline supplies silicone oil to the spray nozzle；The condenser be placed in low temperature liquid bath or from low temperature liquid bath to
Its low temperature wing passage supplies cryogenic liquid；The spray nozzle is laid in by the side in gap；The bottom chamber of the shell
The collecting tank for collecting dripping is constituted, the collecting tank is equipped with leakage fluid dram；The leakage fluid dram by third pipeline with
The inlet communication of the compressor；The third pipeline includes hydrops slot；First pipeline be equipped with shut-off valve, described second
Pipeline is equipped with shut-off valve, and the third pipeline is equipped with shut-off valve；The import of first pipeline by triple valve by connecing
On the gas exhaust piping of the air blast cooling unit, and along the direction of travel of air-flow, the triple valve is located at the downstream of air exhauster.
5. according to claim 1 to power battery thermal management system described in any one of 4 claims, it is characterised in that:
The blower includes for carrying out the ventilating fan of air blast to the air inlet and for being evacuated to the exhaust outlet
Air exhauster；The air inlet and the exhaust outlet are arranged on the two sides shell wall positioned opposite of the shell；Described in
The short transverse of shell, the air inlet are located at the bottom of side shell wall, and the exhaust outlet is located at the top of other side shell wall；By
The air inlet is directed toward the direction of the exhaust outlet, and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the shell is in tilted layout upward, the top of the inner cavity
It is in tilted layout up；The bottom surface and the top surface are arranged in parallel；Between the air inlet and the inner cavity and/or the exhaust
It is equipped with cloth air cavity between mouthful the inner cavity, by being laid with the air distribution plates of multiple qi-emitting holes between the cloth air cavity and the inner cavity
It is isolated；The qi-emitting hole is evenly arranged on the air distribution plate.
6. according to claim 1 to power battery thermal management system described in any one of 4 claims, it is characterised in that:
Multiple battery packs are arranged to three-dimensional matrix structure in the shell, have by the side between two neighboring battery pack
Gap；The liquid feeding pipeline includes feed flow supervisor and the other feed flow branch pipe connect on feed flow supervisor；The feed flow branch pipe is stretched
Enter by the side in gap, and the other spray nozzle being connected to towards the side of the battery pack；Each described battery pack
Maximum two sides of area be laid with the spray nozzle towards it；The temperature monitoring unit includes being sticked in institute
State the temperature sensor on the side of battery pack；The temperature sensor is sticked except spray nozzle institute's direct-injection side
On side.
7. according to claim 1 to power battery thermal management system described in any one of 4 claims, which is characterized in that described
Control unit includes processor and memory, and the memory is stored with computer program, and the computer program is by the place
When managing device execution, it can be realized following steps:
Obtain the temperature monitoring signal that the temperature monitoring unit is exported；
When the temperature for having battery pack is more than or equal to the first preset value and/or heating rate is more than or equal to the second preset value, at least
Control the spray nozzle it is spraying to the battery pack while, control the air blast cooling unit and pressure wind carried out to battery pack
It is cold.
8. power battery thermal management system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
The liquid feeding pipeline for liquid boiling point be less than or equal to first preset value；
When the temperature for having battery pack is more than or equal to third preset value, the blower work is controlled, the temperature of battery pack is dropped
Down to the 4th preset value is lower than, the 4th preset value is less than or equal to the third preset value, and the third preset value is less than institute
State the first preset value.
9. a kind of power battery thermal management method, which comprises the following steps:
Obtain the temperature of battery pack in battery pack；
When the temperature for having battery pack is more than or equal to the first preset value and/or heating rate is more than or equal to the second preset value, at least
While spraying to the battery pack, control air-flow flows through gap by the side of the battery pack, to carry out air blast cooling and at least to it
Take away part and the fog after the heat exchange of the described battery pack.
10. power battery thermal management method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:
The boiling point of institute's hydrojet mist is less than or equal to first preset value；The liquid mist by silicone oil atomization at；The liquid mist is by through cold
But the liquid after handling is atomized into；
When the temperature for having battery pack is more than or equal to third preset value, control air-flow flows through gap by the side of the battery pack, will
The temperature of the battery pack decreases below the 4th preset value, and the 4th preset value is less than or equal to the third preset value, described
Third preset value is less than first preset value.
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| CN201811210274.8A CN109244594A (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2018-10-17 | A kind of power battery thermal management system and power battery thermal management method |
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