CN109888432A - A kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation - Google Patents
A kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109888432A CN109888432A CN201910076166.4A CN201910076166A CN109888432A CN 109888432 A CN109888432 A CN 109888432A CN 201910076166 A CN201910076166 A CN 201910076166A CN 109888432 A CN109888432 A CN 109888432A
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- heat
- phase
- battery
- change material
- heat pipe
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium ion battery thermal management technologies, more particularly to a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation, including battery case (1) and battery (2), it further includes controller (15), temperature sensor (16), heat pipe (3), moist closet (13) and spray chamber (6), temperature sensor (16) setting is in battery case (1), described heat pipe (3) one end is contacted with battery (2), and two sections of heat pipe (3) bifurcated are respectively protruding into moist closet (13) and spray chamber (6), spraying mechanism is equipped in the spray chamber (6), container (17) are equipped in the moist closet (13), phase-change material (12) and elevating mechanism (11), effectively heat can be obtained when cryogenic conditions are cold-started using this system Amount is to make battery heat up；It also can fast and efficiently be radiated at lithium ion battery excessive heating simultaneously and reduce its surface temperature gradient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium ion battery thermal management technologies, more particularly to one kind to store up containing spraying cooling and phase-change material
The lithium ion battery heat management system of heat.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery is wide as energy storage device due to having the advantages such as energy density is big, the service life is long, memory-less effect
It is general to be applied in the various Modern Industry Products such as mobile phone, electric car.Simultaneously it is also noted that performance and the longevity of lithium ion battery
Order very sensitive to operating temperature: the too low lithium ion battery efficiency for charge-discharge that will cause of temperature is low, or even can not start；And work as
Temperature is excessively high or battery in when temperature distribution is non-uniform, the lithium ion battery service life can decay rapidly, or even battery spontaneous combustion can occur
Etc. pernicious safety accident.Therefore, it is eliminated inside it in suitable range, and as far as possible always for guarantee lithium ion battery operating temperature
The big temperature difference, it would be highly desirable to develop a kind of battery thermal management technology that can cope with cold/hot temperature condition and energy efficiently and accurately temperature control.
Existing battery thermal management technology (containing heat dissipation and for heat function) mainly utilizes three kinds of media: air, liquid and phase transformation
Material.Thermal management technology based on air and liquid (such as glycol water) mainly utilizes air or transmits liquid using pipeline
Body flows through battery surface, to take away battery surface heat, divide equally its surface temperature;Or reversely from external heat source transfer of heat
To battery heat supply (being suitble to the cold start-up of cold weather conditions).It is to utilize phase transformation material as the thermal management technology based on phase-change material
Material huge latent heat of phase change come to battery carry out heat dissipation or heating management.Currently, in the exploitation of lithium ion battery heat management system,
It is most commonly seen that air hot pipe manages system.But Air Heat Transfer Coefficient is limited, and it is big which can not meet well lithium ion battery
Radiating requirements in the case of power discharge.Meanwhile air hot pipe reason system is unable to satisfy battery surface at all in most cases
Temperature uniformity requirement.For comparing air, the coefficient of heat transfer of liquid increases, and heat-transfer effect is preferable.But it is alternative
Liquid medium is by many restrictions.For example, the liquid must have higher insulation characterisitic if liquid is directly contacted with battery, but
This meeting is so that liquid viscosity is excessive, to increase system operation cost.It, must be by liquid and battery if selecting conducting liquid
Isolation, avoids liquid leakage, to ensure reliable battery operation and system safety.As for the heat management system for using phase-change material
System, at present also in development phase.But most of phase-change material thermal conductivitys are lower, it may appear that phase transformation is uneven inside phase-change material
It is even, to cause battery thermal runaway.Meanwhile under the big operating condition of quantity of heat production, after phase-change material complete phase transformation, related heat pipe
Reason system also just loses heat-sinking capability substantially.In addition, it will also be appreciated that the thermal management technology based on heat pipe is sent out in recent years
Exhibition is advanced by leaps and bounds.Heat pipe is light compact, and the capacity of heat transmission is strong, is very suitable to electric car etc. and has space, a load-carrying be distinctly claimed
Engineer application.But heat pipe is a Thermal Conduction Equipment, and associated hot management design also needs to consider other devices such as heat exchanger, fan
Auxiliary.
To sum up, the fast development of lithium ion battery, especially after having fast charging and discharging function, the quantity of heat production of battery
Also it increased.Meanwhile more and more engineering requirements lithium ion batteries can carry out reliability service in a variety of weather conditions.
Therefore, higher, harsher requirement is proposed to the design of its heat management system and efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: providing a kind of lithium-ion electric containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation
Pond heat management system can obtain efficient heat when cryogenic conditions are cold-started using this system to make battery heat up；Together
When also can fast and efficiently be radiated in lithium ion battery excessive heating and reduce its surface temperature gradient.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of lithium ion battery heat pipe containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation
Reason system, including battery case and the battery being arranged in battery case, it further includes controller, temperature sensor, heat pipe, heat preservation
Room and spray chamber, the temperature sensor are arranged in battery case, and described heat pipe one end is arranged in battery case and and battery
Contact, and the heat pipe other end bifurcated is two sections, and two sections of bifurcated are respectively protruding into moist closet and spray chamber, the spray chamber
It is interior to be equipped with for being equipped with container, accommodating in the moist closet to the spraying mechanism for spraying indoor heat pipe bifurcated section and cooling down is protruded into
For storing or discharging the phase-change material of heat and for driving container to go up and down so that phase-change material connects in container
Touching or the elevating mechanism for being detached from heat pipe bifurcated section, the spraying mechanism, elevating mechanism and temperature sensor are and controller
Electrical connection.
Preferably, the heat pipe being arranged in battery case be it is flat, it is described be arranged in moist closet and spray chamber
Interior heat pipe bifurcated section is cylindric.
Preferably, at least two pieces of the battery, and the heat pipe one end being arranged in battery case be clipped in two pieces of batteries it
Between, and the heat pipe one end being arranged in battery case is tightly attached to battery surface by heat-conducting silicone grease.
Preferably, the heat pipe be it is U-shaped, U-shaped heat pipe curved end is arranged between the battery in battery case, and U-shaped heat
For the pipe other end there are two bifurcated section, one bifurcated section of U-shaped heat pipe extends into spray chamber, another bifurcated section of U-shaped heat pipe extends
Into moist closet.
Preferably, the heat pipe is the sintered heat pipe that there is capillary structure in inside.
Preferably, being equipped with waterproof layer between the battery case and moist closet and spray chamber, and the heat preservation chamber surface
It is enclosed with thermal insulation layer.
Preferably, the spraying mechanism includes sequentially connected atomizer, water pump and water tank, the water pump and control
Device electrical connection processed, and the spray chamber bottom is also connected to by water pipe and water tank.
Preferably, being additionally provided with fan in the spray chamber, and the fan is electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the heat pipe bifurcated and be located on two sections of spray chamber and moist closet and be equipped with fin structure.
Preferably, the phase transition temperature of the phase-change material is 28-32 DEG C.
Using the above structure compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
1) working condition that the present invention can be different according to different ambient temperature and battery, use heat pipe the most suitable
Reason strategy, can not only carry out effective, rapid cooling when battery-heating temperature hurricane is high, can also be in cryogenic conditions or cold start-up
When, to battery heat supply, avoid battery operating temperature too low.
2) present invention takes full advantage of the temperature uniformity and the reversible feature of direction of heat transfer of heat pipe, guarantees that battery exists
It is all worked in any case in suitable temperature range and there is lesser surface temperature difference.
3) present invention employs spraying cooling technologies, and cooling water is become tiny droplet spray to heat pipe cold end surface, is allowed
It is evaporated, to take away the cell heat of heat pipe outflow.The radiating mode is highly efficient compared with traditional air-cooled or liquid cooling, fastly
Speed can more preferably meet high power discharge operating condition.
4) present invention employs phase-change materials.On the one hand its material phase transformation latent heat is utilized, auxiliary heat pipe spray system carries out
Rapid cooling is cooling.On the other hand, phase-change material turns to do heat accumulating after obtaining heat, by above-mentioned heat in night or low temperature item
Under part, battery is passed back, so that effectively regulating cell temperature, is able to maintain it in a suitable temperature in cold snap or night
Range.More traditional Electric heating, the above-mentioned heat accumulation mode of the present invention are more energy efficient, environmentally friendly.
5) the heat management mode that the spraying cooling that uses of the present invention and phase-change thermal storage combine, battery case and spray chamber,
Other than moist closet, water pump and water tank are only needed.And traditional liquid cooling heat management also needs additional radiator.Therefore heat management of the present invention
Mode more compact structure, system complexity is small, is more advantageous to and saves space, reduces system weight.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of structure of the lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation of the present invention is shown
It is intended to.
Fig. 2 is heat pipe in a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation of the present invention
Structural schematic diagram.
It is as shown in the figure: 1, battery case；2, battery；3, heat pipe；4, atomizer；5, fan；6, spray chamber；7, water pump；8,
Water tank；9, water pipe；10, thermal insulation layer；11, elevating mechanism；12, phase-change material；13, moist closet；14, waterproof layer；15, controller；
16, temperature sensor；17, container.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific embodiment, but the present invention be not limited only to it is following
Specific embodiment.
As shown, specific embodiment one: a kind of lithium ion battery heat management containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation
System, including controller 15, battery case 1, moist closet 13 and spray chamber 6, in which:
Battery case 1 is provided with battery 2, heat pipe 3 and temperature sensor 16, wherein heat pipe 3 be it is U-shaped, set on battery case 1 there are two
Through-hole, two through-holes that U-shaped 3 both ends extension of heat pipe is each passed through on battery case 1 protrude into moist closet 13 and spray chamber 6, and
Heat pipe 3 in battery case 1 be it is flat, 3 extension of heat pipe in moist closet 13 and spray chamber 6 is cylindric, temperature
Degree sensor 16 is electrically connected with controller 15, and the temperature signal that temperature sensor 16 detects mainly is passed to controller
15；
It is equipped with spraying mechanism in spray chamber 6, spraying mechanism mainly includes atomizer 4, water pump 7 and water tank 8, and spray chamber
6 bottoms also pass through water pipe 9 and are connected to water tank 8, and water pump 7 is electrically connected with controller 15, and water pump 7 is mainly controlled by controller 15
Work；
Container 17, the phase-change material 12 being accommodated in container 17 and the liter for driving container 17 to go up and down are equipped in moist closet 13
Descending mechanism 11, wherein the phase transition temperature of phase-change material 12 be 28-32 DEG C, elevating mechanism 11 be can buy on the market commonly it is small
The lifting device of type, very routinely, so not being developed in details in the application specific embodiment；
Controller 15 is mainly used for receiving the temperature signal that temperature sensor 16 passes over, then controls some electrical equipments,
Such as water pump 7, elevating mechanism 11 can also be bought in the market so being that comparison is conventional, so in this embodiment
It does not just expand in detail, when elevating mechanism 11 increases, places the container 17 of phase-change material 12 with rising, so that its interior phase transformation material
Material 12 comes into full contact with heat pipe 3, and when elevating mechanism 11 declines, container 17 declines, so that the phase transformation material in heat pipe 3 and container 17
12 separation of material.
And coated with water blocking material formation waterproof layer 14 is also needed between heat pipe and two through-holes, on the surface of moist closet 13
One layer of thermal insulation layer 10 made of heat preserving and insulating material are enclosed with, heat preserving and insulating material is mineral wool or foamed plastics etc..
Specific embodiment two: the difference with specific embodiment one is, the heat in specific embodiment two in battery case 1
Pipe 3 be it is flat, and 3 extension of heat pipe or bifurcated section in the moist closet 13 and spray chamber 6 be it is cylindric, be in this way
The heat pipe 3 of battery case 1 can be contacted preferably with battery 2, and 3 extension of heat pipe or bifurcated section in moist closet 13 are more preferable
Contacted with phase-change material 12,3 extension of heat pipe or bifurcated section in spray chamber 6 preferably with the water that is generated after spray
Mist contact.
Specific embodiment three, the difference with specific embodiment one are, are additionally provided with wind in spray chamber in specific embodiment three
Fan 5, and fan 5 is electrically connected with controller 15, fan 5 is mounted on the wall surface of spray chamber 6, air flowing is generated, thus plus
Fast 3 surface water drops of heat pipe evaporation.
The working principle of the application: when battery does not work, water pump and fan are closed, and elevating mechanism is adjusted to highest point and makes
Phase-change material and heat pipe come into full contact in the indoor bifurcated section of heat preservation.After battery functions, as the temperature of battery increases,
Cell heat can be transferred to two heat pipe bifurcated sections for being located at spray chamber and moist closet through superheater tube.In moist closet, heat
Amount is absorbed by phase-change material rapidly.When the temperature of phase-change material is increased to its fusing point, phase-change material is undergone phase transition, and battery reaches
The heat of moist closet is stored in the form of latent heat by phase-change material, and phase-change material also becomes liquid from solid-state.When all
After phase-change material all becomes liquid, (mainly judged at this time by temperature sensor, when the temperature that temperature sensor detects is big
After 3-5 DEG C of phase transition temperature of phase-change material, judge that phase-change material becomes liquid completely), if battery temperature persistently increases, control
Device can the decline of order elevating mechanism, phase-change material and heat pipe bifurcated section are separated, and open water pump and fan.At this moment spray chamber is made
It is functioned for main heat dissipation equipment.Specifically, the water in water tank passes through water pipe, by nozzle atomization under the drive of water pump
It is sprayed on the tube surface of spray chamber afterwards, then evaporates, the air of flowing can take away rapidly heat, and also unevaporated water droplet can be suitable
Heat pipe drip to spray chamber lower part, have water pipe that water is led back to water tank again at this.When controller detects the temperature in battery case
Again after returning the temperature range of suitable battery work, controller can order water pump and fan closing.
On the other hand, for idle battery, if its long-time is exposed to cold snap or night, (this is also logical
Excess temperature sensor judges, when temperature sensor detects a threshold value of the battery the temperature inside the box lower than setting, then judges electricity
The supercooling of pond case), when obtaining being again started up work, controller can first order elevating mechanism rise, and phase-change material and heat pipe is allowed to exist
Indoor cylindrical section is kept the temperature to come into full contact with.The latent heat of phase-change material storage can be released to heat pipe, so that battery is passed to again, thus
So that internal temperature of battery rises to proper level.In this manner it is ensured that battery can normally start work after cold environment cold start-up
Make.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that it still can be right
Technical solution documented by previous embodiment is modified, or is replaced on an equal basis to part of technical characteristic；And these
It modifies or replaces, the essence of corresponding technical solution is not made to be detached from the spirit and model of technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention
It encloses.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation, including battery case (1) and set
Set the battery (2) in battery case (1), it is characterised in that: it further includes controller (15), temperature sensor (16), heat pipe
(3), moist closet (13) and spray chamber (6), temperature sensor (16) setting is in battery case (1), the heat pipe (3) one
End setting contacts in battery case (1) and with battery (2), and the heat pipe (3) other end bifurcated is two sections, and two sections of bifurcated
It is respectively protruding into moist closet (13) and spray chamber (6), is equipped in the spray chamber (6) for protruding into the indoor heat pipe (3) of spray
The spraying mechanism of bifurcated section cooling, container (17) are equipped in the moist closet (13), be accommodated in container (17) for storing or
Person discharge heat phase-change material (12) and for drive container (17) go up and down so that phase-change material (12) contact or
It is detached from the elevating mechanism (11) of heat pipe (3) bifurcated section, the spraying mechanism, elevating mechanism (11) and temperature sensor (16) are equal
It is electrically connected with the controller.
2. a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: the heat pipe (3) being arranged in battery case be it is flat, it is described be arranged in moist closet (13) and spray chamber
(6) heat pipe (3) the bifurcated section in is cylindric.
3. a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation according to claim 2,
It is characterized by: at least two pieces of the battery (2), and heat pipe (3) one end being arranged in battery case (1) is clipped in two pieces of batteries
(2) between, and heat pipe (3) one end being arranged in battery case (1) is tightly attached to battery (2) surface by heat-conducting silicone grease.
4. a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: the heat pipe (3) be it is U-shaped, U-shaped heat pipe curved end is arranged between the battery in battery case (1), and U-shaped heat
There are two bifurcated section, one bifurcated sections of U-shaped heat pipe to extend into spray chamber (6) for the pipe other end, another bifurcated of U-shaped heat pipe Duan Yan
Extend into moist closet (13).
5. a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: the heat pipe (3) is the sintered heat pipe that there is capillary structure in inside.
6. a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: being equipped with waterproof layer (14) between the battery case (1) and moist closet (13) and spray chamber (6), and the guarantor
Greenhouse (13) is coated with thermal insulation layer (10).
7. a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: the spraying mechanism includes sequentially connected atomizer (4), water pump (7) and water tank (8), the water pump
(7) it is electrically connected with controller (15), and the spray chamber (6) bottom also passes through water pipe (9) and is connected to water tank (8).
8. a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: being additionally provided with fan (5) in the spray chamber (6), and the fan (5) is electrically connected with controller (15).
9. a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: heat pipe (3) bifurcated and be located on two sections of spray chamber and moist closet and be equipped with fin structure.
10. a kind of lithium ion battery heat management system containing spraying cooling and phase-change material heat accumulation according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: the phase transition temperature of the phase-change material (12) is 28-32 DEG C.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910076166.4A CN109888432B (en) | 2019-01-26 | 2019-01-26 | Lithium ion battery thermal management system containing spray cooling and phase-change material heat storage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910076166.4A CN109888432B (en) | 2019-01-26 | 2019-01-26 | Lithium ion battery thermal management system containing spray cooling and phase-change material heat storage |
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| CN109888432A true CN109888432A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
| CN109888432B CN109888432B (en) | 2021-11-05 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113097594A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 宁波诺丁汉大学 | Lithium ion battery thermal management system and method based on movable fins and phase-change material |
| CN113206322A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-03 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Air-cooled heat pipe composite heat dissipation structure of battery pack |
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| CN109888432B (en) | 2021-11-05 |
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