CN109616706B - Temperature control device and method for battery pack of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Temperature control device and method for battery pack of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109616706B CN109616706B CN201811516242.0A CN201811516242A CN109616706B CN 109616706 B CN109616706 B CN 109616706B CN 201811516242 A CN201811516242 A CN 201811516242A CN 109616706 B CN109616706 B CN 109616706B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6562—Gases with free flow by convection only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention provides a temperature control device of an electric vehicle battery pack, which is applied to the technical field of electric vehicle parts, and also relates to a control method of the temperature control device of the electric vehicle battery pack, wherein one end of a heat storage heat exchanger (2) of the temperature control device of the electric vehicle battery pack is communicated with one end of a battery pack (1) through a connecting pipeline I (3), the other end of the heat storage heat exchanger (2) is communicated with the other end of the battery pack (1) through a connecting pipeline II (4), a connecting pipeline III (9) is arranged between the connecting pipeline I (3) and the connecting pipeline II (4), a heat dissipation heat exchanger (10) is arranged on the connecting pipeline III (9), and a heat dissipation channel stop valve (11) is arranged on the connecting pipeline III (9) Discharging, improving the input and output efficiency of the battery module, and prolonging the service life and the endurance mileage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobile battery pack parts, and particularly relates to a temperature control device for an electric automobile battery pack and a control method for the temperature control device for the electric automobile battery pack.
Background
Under the large background that the global energy situation is more and more tense and the automobile production and sales volume is continuously increased in the world, the electric automobile is more and more popular with governments and people, and the market share and the acceleration of the electric automobile are continuously increased. A key technology of the electric vehicle is a power battery, and the input and output performance and the safety and reliability of the power battery are greatly affected by the temperature of a core, so the battery pack thermal management system is very important in the design of the battery pack of the electric vehicle. The battery pack thermal management system of the electric automobile is one of key technologies for solving the heat-related problems of batteries and ensuring the service performance, reliability, safety and service life of power batteries. The main functions of the battery pack thermal management system include: (1) when the temperature of the battery core is higher, effective heat dissipation is carried out, so that thermal runaway accidents are prevented; (2) preheating is carried out when the temperature of the battery cell is lower, so that the temperature of the battery cell is improved, and the charging and discharging performance and safety at low temperature are ensured; (3) reduce the temperature difference between the interior and the module of electric core module, restrain the formation in local hot area, prevent that high temperature position department electric core decay at the excessive speed reduces electric core module whole life-span. To the battery package low temperature function of preheating, current solution generally adopts PTC to heat the battery package coolant liquid or adopts PTC directly to heat electric core and realize, the drawback of doing so lies in both needing to dispose high-power PTC electric heating device and control system, consumes the electric energy of battery itself again during preheating, and the output current and the output efficiency of electric core are all lower during preheating, and preheating speed is slow, and electric core low temperature is charged in addition, discharges and is huge to electric core itself. In addition, the existing battery pack cooling technology includes air cooling type, liquid cooling type and direct cooling type, and the air cooling type is divided into natural air cooling type and forced air cooling type, but the air cooling type and the forced air cooling type are all only cooling systems, and do not integrate heating technology and cooling technology into a whole, and the PTC device is configured as a relatively independent system at most, and does not have the technology of the whole temperature control system, so that the integration degree of the control system is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the battery pack temperature control device for the electric automobile is simple in structure, can replace an existing PTC electric heating device and a control system to charge and discharge the battery pack in a low-temperature environment, and integrates a battery pack heat dissipation technology, so that a battery module in the battery pack is in a temperature range with high efficiency to charge and discharge, the input and output efficiency of the battery module is improved, and the service life of the battery module and the endurance mileage are prolonged.
To solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention relates to a temperature control device for an electric vehicle battery pack, which comprises a battery pack and a heat storage heat exchanger, wherein one end of the heat storage heat exchanger is communicated with one end of a temperature control cavity of the battery pack through a connecting pipeline I, the other end of the heat storage heat exchanger is communicated with the other end of the temperature control cavity of the battery pack through a connecting pipeline II, a circulating pump is arranged on the connecting pipeline I or the connecting pipeline II, a heating medium is injected into the connecting pipeline I, the connecting pipeline II and the temperature control cavity of the battery pack, a connecting pipeline III is arranged between the connecting pipeline I and the connecting pipeline II, a heat dissipation heat exchanger is arranged on the connecting pipeline III, and a heat dissipation channel stop valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline III between the heat dissipation heat exchanger and the connecting pipeline II.
The heat storage heat exchanger of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device comprises a heat exchanger shell, a heat storage material is arranged in the heat exchanger shell, a heat storage heating core is arranged in the heat storage material and is connected with a charging plug, a battery temperature sensor is arranged in a temperature control cavity of a battery pack and is connected with a control part, a circulating pump is connected with the control part, a heat dissipation channel stop valve is connected with the control part, the control part is arranged into a structure for storing electric vehicle heating passage starting standard temperature values, and the control part is arranged into a structure for storing electric vehicle battery pack preheating termination temperature standard values.
The battery pack temperature control device of the electric automobile is characterized in that a heat storage material temperature sensor is further arranged in a heat storage heat exchanger of the battery pack temperature control device of the electric automobile, the heat storage material temperature sensor (heat storage temperature sensor) is connected with a control part, the control part is set to be of a structure for storing a starting standard temperature value of a heat dissipation passage of the electric automobile, and the control part is set to be of a structure for storing a standard temperature value of a heat dissipation termination temperature of the battery pack of the electric automobile.
Connecting line I on be close to heat accumulation heat exchanger position and set up the feed liquor stop valve, connecting line II on be close to heat accumulation heat exchanger position and set up out the liquid stop valve, the feed liquor stop valve with go out the liquid stop valve and be connected with control unit respectively, the circulating pump sets up on connecting line I.
When the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by a battery temperature sensor in the battery pack of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device is lower than the heating passage starting standard temperature value and is lower than or equal to the actual temperature value of the heat storage material sensed by a heat storage material temperature sensor, the control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling the starting of the circulating pump, and the control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling the opening of the liquid inlet stop valve and the liquid outlet stop valve; the control component is set to be a structure capable of controlling the closing of the heat dissipation channel stop valve.
When the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by a battery temperature sensor in the battery pack of the battery pack temperature control device of the electric automobile is greater than the starting standard temperature value of the heat dissipation passage, the control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling the starting of the circulating pump, and the control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling the closing of the liquid inlet stop valve and the liquid outlet stop valve; the control component is set to be a structure capable of controlling the opening of the heat dissipation channel stop valve.
The heat storage material in the heat storage heat exchanger of the temperature control device of the battery pack of the electric automobile is any one of eutectic salt, binary composite molten salt and ternary composite molten salt or other phase-change materials; the heating medium of the temperature control device of the battery pack of the electric automobile is ethylene glycol aqueous solution.
The heat exchanger shell of the heat storage heat exchanger comprises a shell inner layer and a shell outer layer, a gap portion is arranged between the shell inner layer and the shell outer layer, and the gap portion is in a vacuum state.
The invention also relates to a control method of the temperature control device of the battery pack of the electric automobile, which has simple steps, can replace the conventional PTC electric heating device and the control system to preheat the battery pack during charging and discharging in a low-temperature environment, integrates the heat dissipation technology of the battery pack, enables the battery module in the battery pack to be in a temperature range with higher efficiency to perform charging and discharging, improves the input and output efficiency of the battery module, and improves the service life and the endurance mileage of the battery module.
The control method of the temperature control device of the battery pack of the electric automobile comprises the following control steps: 1) the battery temperature sensor in the battery pack senses the actual temperature value of the battery in real time, the sensed actual temperature value of the battery is fed back to the control part in real time, the heat storage material temperature sensor monitors the actual temperature value of the heat storage material in real time, and the actual temperature value of the heat storage material is fed back to the control part in real time; 2) when the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor is lower than the starting standard temperature value of the heating passage and is lower than or equal to the actual temperature value of the heat storage material sensed by the heat storage material temperature sensor, and the battery pack is in a charging and discharging working state, the control part controls the circulating pump to start, controls the liquid inlet stop valve and the liquid outlet stop valve to open, controls the heat dissipation channel stop valve to close, and controls the circulating pump to pump a heat exchange medium into the heat storage heat exchanger to absorb heat stored in the heat storage material and then to enter the battery pack to preheat the battery core; 3) when the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor is greater than the starting standard temperature value of the heat dissipation passage and the battery pack is in a charging and discharging working state, the control part controls the circulating pump to be started, the control part controls the liquid inlet stop valve and the liquid outlet stop valve to be closed, the control part controls the heat dissipation channel stop valve to be opened, the circulating pump pumps heat exchange media to absorb heat and heat from the battery pack, and then the pumped heat exchange media enters the heat dissipation heat exchanger to release heat and cool.
When the circulating pump pumps the heat exchange medium, the heat exchange medium enters the heat storage heat exchanger to absorb heat stored in the heat storage material and then enters the battery pack to preheat the battery core, the circulating pump can pump the heat exchange medium to circulate between the battery pack and the heat storage heat exchanger in a reciprocating circulating manner until the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor is greater than or equal to the standard temperature value of the preheating termination of the battery pack of the electric automobile; when the circulating pump pumps the heat exchange medium to absorb heat and raise the temperature from the battery pack and then pumps the heat exchange medium to enter the heat dissipation heat exchanger to release heat and lower the temperature, the circulating pump can circulate the heat exchange medium back and forth between the battery pack and the heat dissipation heat exchanger until the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor is less than or equal to the standard value of the heat dissipation termination temperature of the battery pack of the electric vehicle.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
according to the temperature control device and the temperature control method for the battery pack of the electric automobile, heat energy can be stored through the heat storage heat exchanger, so that when the low-temperature battery pack needs to be preheated, the heat exchange medium can be pumped and circulated between the battery pack and the heat storage heat exchanger through the circulating pump, the heat exchange is conveniently and reliably realized, the heat storage material can be filled in the shell of the heat storage heat exchanger or arranged in the heat exchange pipe in the heat storage heat exchanger, and the heat stored in the heat storage material can be taken away when the heat exchange medium passes through the heat storage heat exchanger, so that the heat can be taken away into the battery pack to preheat the battery pack. The heat storage material is preferably a PCM material (phase change material) with high phase change potential heat value, large specific heat capacity, proper melting point and small thermal expansion coefficient, and the commonly used PCM materials are as follows: eutectic salt, binary composite molten salt, ternary composite molten salt and the like. The heat exchange tube inside the heat storage heat exchanger is preferably made of metal or nonmetal materials with high heat conductivity, the wall thickness is measured to a small value on the premise of guaranteeing the operation reliability and the service life, and the heat storage material heating core body of the heat storage material in the heat storage heat exchanger can be connected with an external power supply through a charging plug when the heat storage material heating core body is parked and charged to store heat and realize energy storage. Secondly, the heat dissipation passage consists of a heat dissipation heat exchanger and a heat dissipation passage stop valve; the heat dissipation heat exchanger is designed according to the extreme high-temperature load of the battery pack, the heat exchanger forms are different according to different cooling media, for example, a fin tube type heat exchanger or a plate-fin type heat exchanger can be considered during air cooling, natural air cooling can be adopted under the condition of low heat dissipation load, and a motor and fan blades can be equipped for forced air cooling heat dissipation when the heat dissipation load is high; if a plate heat exchanger can be considered when a refrigerant is used for direct cooling, the plate heat exchanger belongs to a compact heat exchanger, and miniaturization and light weight are realized; the heat dissipation passage stop valve is preferably an electrically controlled stop valve of the equipment controller, so as to facilitate automatic control during system start-stop and heating/cooling mode switching. The device and the control method for controlling the temperature of the battery pack of the electric automobile have the advantages of simple structure, low investment cost and simple and reliable control, can replace the conventional PTC electric heating device and the conventional control system to preheat the battery pack during charging and discharging in a low-temperature environment, and integrate the heat dissipation technology of the battery pack, so that the battery module in the battery pack is charged and discharged in a temperature range with higher efficiency, the input and output efficiency of the battery module is improved, and the service life and the endurance mileage of the battery module are prolonged.
Drawings
The contents of the description and the references in the drawings are briefly described as follows:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack temperature control device of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the temperature control device for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;
in the drawings, the reference numbers are respectively: 1. a battery pack; 2. a heat storage heat exchanger; 3. a connecting pipeline I; 4. a connecting pipeline II; 5. a circulation pump; 6. a battery temperature sensor T1; 7. a liquid inlet stop valve; 8. a liquid outlet stop valve; 9. a connecting pipeline III; 10. a heat-dissipating heat exchanger; 11. a heat dissipation channel stop valve; 12. a heat storage material temperature sensor; 13. the heat storage heating core body.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, such as the shapes and structures of the components, the mutual positions and connection relations among the components, the functions and operation principles of the components, will be made by referring to the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments:
as shown in the attached drawings 1 and 2, the invention relates to a temperature control device for an electric vehicle battery pack, which comprises a battery pack 1 and a heat storage heat exchanger 2, wherein one end of the heat storage heat exchanger 2 is communicated with one end of a temperature control cavity of the battery pack 1 through a connecting pipeline I3, the other end of the heat storage heat exchanger 2 is communicated with the other end of the temperature control cavity of the battery pack 1 through a connecting pipeline II 4, a circulating pump 5 is arranged on the connecting pipeline I3 or the connecting pipeline II 4, a heating medium is injected into the connecting pipeline I3, the connecting pipeline II 4 and the temperature control cavity of the battery pack 1, a connecting pipeline III 9 is arranged between the connecting pipeline I3 and the connecting pipeline II 4, a heat dissipation heat exchanger 10 is arranged on the connecting pipeline III 9, and a heat dissipation channel stop valve 11 is arranged on the connecting pipeline III 9 between the heat dissipation heat exchanger 10 and the connecting pipeline II 4. Above-mentioned structure, through heat storage heat exchanger 2, can carry out the heat energy deposit, so that when needing to preheat microthermal battery package, through the reciprocal pumping circulation of circulating pump to heat transfer medium between battery package and heat storage heat exchanger, convenient and reliable realization heat exchange, heat accumulation material fills in heat storage heat exchanger shell of heat storage heat exchanger or set up in the heat exchange pipe in heat storage heat exchanger all can, heat transfer medium is when passing through from heat storage heat exchanger, can take away the heat of heat accumulation material deposit, thereby take to in the battery package, preheat the battery package. The heat storage material is preferably a PCM material with high phase change latent heat value, large specific heat capacity, proper melting point and small thermal expansion coefficient, and the common PCM materials comprise: eutectic salt, binary composite molten salt, ternary composite molten salt and the like. The heat exchange tube inside the heat storage heat exchanger is preferably made of metal or nonmetal materials with high heat conductivity, the wall thickness is measured to a small value on the premise of guaranteeing the operation reliability and the service life, and the heat storage material heating core body of the heat storage material in the heat storage heat exchanger can be connected with an external power supply through a charging plug when the heat storage material heating core body is parked and charged to store heat and realize energy storage. Secondly, the heat dissipation passage consists of a heat dissipation heat exchanger and a heat dissipation passage stop valve; the heat dissipation heat exchanger is designed according to the extreme high-temperature load of the battery pack, the heat exchanger forms are different according to different cooling media, for example, a fin tube type heat exchanger or a plate-fin type heat exchanger can be considered during air cooling, natural air cooling can be adopted under the condition of low heat dissipation load, and a motor and fan blades can be equipped for forced air cooling heat dissipation when the heat dissipation load is high; if a plate heat exchanger can be considered when a refrigerant is used for direct cooling, the plate heat exchanger belongs to a compact heat exchanger, and miniaturization and light weight are realized; the heat dissipation passage stop valve is preferably an electrically controlled stop valve of the equipment controller, so as to facilitate automatic control during system start-stop and heating/cooling mode switching. The battery pack temperature control device for the electric automobile, disclosed by the invention, has a simple structure, can replace the conventional PTC electric heating device and control system to preheat the battery pack during charging and discharging operations in a low-temperature environment, integrates a battery pack heat dissipation technology, enables a battery module in the battery pack to be in a temperature range with higher efficiency to perform charging and discharging, improves the input and output efficiency of the battery module, and improves the service life and the endurance mileage of the battery module.
The heat storage heat exchanger 2 of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device comprises a heat exchanger shell, a heat storage material is arranged in the heat exchanger shell, a heat storage heating core body 13 is arranged in the heat storage material, the heat storage heating core body 13 is connected with a charging plug, a battery temperature sensor 6 is arranged in a temperature control cavity of the battery pack 1, the battery temperature sensor 6 is connected with a control part, a circulating pump 5 is connected with the control part, a heat dissipation channel stop valve 11 is connected with the control part, the control part is arranged into a structure for storing electric vehicle heating passage starting standard temperature values, and the control part is arranged into a structure for storing electric vehicle battery pack preheating termination temperature standard values. The heat storage material temperature sensor is further arranged in the heat storage heat exchanger 2 of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device and connected with the control part, the control part is of a structure for storing the starting standard temperature value of the electric vehicle heat dissipation passage, and the control part is of a structure for storing the standard temperature value of the electric vehicle battery pack heat dissipation termination temperature. Above-mentioned structure can control the regulation to the state and the temperature of battery package to satisfy actual demand. When the control is carried out, the battery temperature sensor 6 in the battery pack 1 senses the actual battery temperature value of the battery pack 1 in real time and feeds the sensed actual battery temperature value back to the control part in real time; when the actual temperature value (T1) of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor 6 is lower than the heating access starting standard temperature value (T01), the actual temperature value (T1) of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor 6 is lower than or equal to the actual temperature value (T2) of the heat storage material sensed by the heat storage material temperature sensor 13, and the battery pack 1 is in a charging and discharging working state, the control part controls the circulating pump 5 to start, controls the liquid inlet stop valve 7 and the liquid outlet stop valve 8 to be opened, controls the heat dissipation channel stop valve 11 to be closed, and controls the circulating pump 5 to pump a heat exchange medium to enter the heat storage heat exchanger 2 to absorb heat stored in the heat storage material and then enter the battery pack 1 to preheat the battery core; when the circulating pump 5 pumps the heat exchange medium, the heat exchange medium enters the heat storage heat exchanger 2 to absorb the heat stored in the heat storage material and then enters the battery pack 1 to preheat the battery core, the circulating pump 5 can pump the heat exchange medium in a reciprocating and circulating mode between the battery pack 1 and the heat storage heat exchanger 2 until the actual temperature value (T1) of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor 6 is larger than or equal to the preheating temperature termination standard value (T02) of the battery pack of the electric vehicle or the heat energy in the heat storage heat exchanger is completely released (T1 is equal to T2). When the actual temperature value (T1) of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor 6 is higher than the heat dissipation access starting standard temperature value (T03) and the battery pack 1 is in a charging and discharging working state, the control part controls the circulating pump 5 to start, the control part controls the liquid inlet stop valve 7 and the liquid outlet stop valve 8 to be closed, the control part controls the heat dissipation channel stop valve 11 to be opened, the circulating pump 5 pumps heat exchange media to absorb heat and heat from the battery pack 1, and then the pumped heat exchange media enters the heat dissipation heat exchanger 10 to release heat and cool. When the circulating pump 5 pumps the heat exchange medium to absorb heat and raise the temperature from the battery pack 1 and then pumps the heat exchange medium to enter the heat dissipation heat exchanger 10 to release heat and lower the temperature, the circulating pump 5 can pump the heat exchange medium to circulate between the battery pack 1 and the heat dissipation heat exchanger 10 in a reciprocating and circulating mode until the actual battery temperature value (T1) sensed by the battery temperature sensor 6 is smaller than or equal to the standard value (T04) of the heat dissipation termination temperature of the battery pack of the electric vehicle.
The device and the control method improve the endurance mileage of the electric automobile on the premise of not consuming the electric energy of the battery pack, or reduce the capacity of the battery pack on the premise of ensuring the same endurance mileage. In addition, the invention combines the heating technology and the cooling technology of the battery pack into a system, thereby providing convenience for the development of a temperature control system and the production and the manufacture of the whole temperature control system.
Connecting line I3 on be close to heat storage heat exchanger 2 positions and set up feed liquor stop valve 7 (heating channel feed liquor stop valve), connecting line II 4 on be close to heat storage heat exchanger 2 positions and set up out liquid stop valve 8 (heating channel goes out liquid stop valve), feed liquor stop valve 7 with go out liquid stop valve 8 and be connected with control unit respectively, circulating pump 5 set up on connecting line I3. The circulating pump sets up on the connecting line I3 between liquid inlet stop valve 7 and the battery package. After the circulating pump is started, the heat exchange medium can circulate between the battery pack and the heat storage heat exchanger to exchange heat.
When the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor 6 in the battery pack 1 of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device is lower than the heating passage starting standard temperature value and is lower than or equal to the actual temperature value of the heat storage material sensed by the heat storage material temperature sensor, the control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling the starting of the circulating pump, and the control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling the opening of the liquid inlet stop valve 7 and the liquid outlet stop valve 8; the control means is provided in a structure capable of controlling the heat radiation passage cutoff valve 11 to be closed. When the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by a battery temperature sensor 6 in a battery pack 1 of the battery pack temperature control device of the electric automobile is higher than the starting standard temperature value of the heat dissipation passage, a control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling a circulating pump 5 to start, and the control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling a liquid inlet stop valve 7 and a liquid outlet stop valve 8 to close; the control part is provided in a structure capable of controlling the opening of the heat dissipation channel cut-off valve 11. Above-mentioned structure, through temperature sensor control temperature numerical value, then the switching of the corresponding valve of control and the opening and shutting of circulating pump open and stop, carry out heat exchange control to satisfy electric automobile start-up demand.
The heat storage material in the heat storage heat exchanger 2 of the temperature control device of the electric vehicle battery pack is eutectic salt, binary composite molten salt, ternary composite molten salt or other phase-change materials; the heating medium of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device is ethylene glycol aqueous solution.
The heat exchanger shell of the heat storage heat exchanger 2 comprises a shell inner layer and a shell outer layer, a gap portion is arranged between the shell inner layer and the shell outer layer, and the gap portion is in a vacuum state. The clearance portion of the heat storage heat exchanger is arranged for isolating heat dissipation, reducing heat loss and improving energy storage effect.
The invention also relates to a control method of the temperature control device of the battery pack of the electric automobile, which has simple steps, can replace the conventional PTC electric heating device and the control system to preheat the battery pack during charging and discharging in a low-temperature environment, integrates the heat dissipation technology of the battery pack, enables the battery module in the battery pack to be in a temperature range with higher efficiency to perform charging and discharging, improves the input and output efficiency of the battery module, and improves the service life and the endurance mileage of the battery module. The control method of the temperature control device of the battery pack of the electric automobile comprises the following control steps: 1) the battery temperature sensor 6 in the battery pack 1 senses the actual temperature value of the battery in the battery pack 1 in real time and feeds the sensed actual temperature value of the battery back to the control part in real time, and the heat storage material temperature sensor monitors the actual temperature value of the heat storage material in real time and feeds the actual temperature value of the heat storage material back to the control part in real time; 2) when the actual temperature value (T1) of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor 6 is lower than the heating passage starting standard temperature value (T01), the actual temperature value (T1) of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor 6 is lower than or equal to the actual temperature value (T2) of the heat storage material sensed by the heat storage material temperature sensor 13, and the battery pack 1 is in a charging and discharging working state, the control component controls the circulating pump 5 to start, the control component controls the liquid inlet stop valve 7 and the liquid outlet stop valve 8 to be opened, the control component controls the heat dissipation channel stop valve 11 to be closed, and the circulating pump 5 pumps a heat exchange medium to enter the heat storage heat exchanger 2 to absorb heat stored in the heat storage material and then enter the battery pack 1 to preheat the battery core; 3) the actual temperature numerical value (T1) of battery that battery temperature sensor 6 sensed is higher than heat dissipation route start standard temperature numerical value (T03) and battery package 1 is in when charging, discharge operating condition, control unit control circulating pump 5 starts, control unit control feed liquor stop valve 7 and play liquid stop valve 8 are closed, control unit control heat dissipation passageway stop valve 11 is opened, 5 pump sending heat transfer medium of circulating pump heats up from battery package 1 internal heat absorption, then pump sending heat transfer medium gets into heat dissipation heat exchanger 10 and releases heat and cools down.
When the circulating pump 5 pumps a heat exchange medium, the heat exchange medium enters the heat storage heat exchanger 2 to absorb heat stored in a heat storage material and then enters the battery pack 1 to preheat the battery core, the circulating pump 5 can pump the heat exchange medium in a reciprocating and circulating mode between the battery pack 1 and the heat storage heat exchanger 2 until the actual battery temperature value (T1) sensed by the battery temperature sensor 6 is larger than or equal to the standard battery pack preheating termination temperature value (T02) of the electric vehicle; when the circulating pump 5 pumps the heat exchange medium to absorb heat and raise the temperature from the battery pack 1 and then pumps the heat exchange medium to enter the heat dissipation heat exchanger 10 to release heat and lower the temperature, the circulating pump 5 can pump the heat exchange medium to circulate between the battery pack 1 and the heat dissipation heat exchanger 10 in a reciprocating and circulating mode until the actual battery temperature value (T1) sensed by the battery temperature sensor 6 is smaller than or equal to the standard value (T04) of the heat dissipation termination temperature of the battery pack of the electric vehicle.
According to the temperature control device and the temperature control method for the battery pack of the electric automobile, heat energy can be stored through the heat storage heat exchanger, so that when the low-temperature battery pack needs to be preheated, the heat exchange medium can be pumped and circulated between the battery pack and the heat storage heat exchanger through the circulating pump, the heat exchange is conveniently and reliably realized, the heat storage material can be filled in the shell of the heat storage heat exchanger or arranged in the heat exchange pipe in the heat storage heat exchanger, and the heat stored in the heat storage material can be taken away when the heat exchange medium passes through the heat storage heat exchanger, so that the heat can be taken away into the battery pack to preheat the battery pack. The heat storage material is preferably a PCM material with high phase change latent heat value, large specific heat capacity, proper melting point and small thermal expansion coefficient, and the common PCM materials comprise: eutectic salt, binary composite molten salt, ternary composite molten salt and the like. The heat exchange tube inside the heat storage heat exchanger is preferably made of metal or nonmetal materials with high heat conductivity, the wall thickness is measured to a small value on the premise of guaranteeing the operation reliability and the service life, and the heat storage material heating core body of the heat storage material in the heat storage heat exchanger can be connected with an external power supply through a charging plug when the heat storage material heating core body is parked and charged to store heat and realize energy storage. Secondly, the heat dissipation passage consists of a heat dissipation heat exchanger and a heat dissipation passage stop valve; the heat dissipation heat exchanger is designed according to the extreme high-temperature load of the battery pack, the heat exchanger forms are different according to different cooling media, for example, a fin tube type heat exchanger or a plate-fin type heat exchanger can be considered during air cooling, natural air cooling can be adopted under the condition of low heat dissipation load, and a motor and fan blades can be equipped for forced air cooling heat dissipation when the heat dissipation load is high; if a plate heat exchanger can be considered when a refrigerant is used for direct cooling, the plate heat exchanger belongs to a compact heat exchanger, and miniaturization and light weight are realized; the heat dissipation passage stop valve is preferably an electrically controlled stop valve of the equipment controller, so as to facilitate automatic control during system start-stop and heating/cooling mode switching. The device and the control method for controlling the temperature of the battery pack of the electric automobile have simple structure, can replace the conventional PTC electric heating device and the control system to preheat the battery pack during charging and discharging in a low-temperature environment, so that the battery module in the battery pack is charged and discharged in a temperature range with higher efficiency, the input and output efficiency of the battery module is improved, and the service life and the endurance mileage of the battery module are improved.
The present invention has been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover various modifications, changes and equivalents of the embodiments of the invention, and its application to other applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A control method of a temperature control device of an electric vehicle battery pack is characterized by comprising the following steps: the temperature control device for the battery pack of the electric automobile comprises a battery pack (1) and a heat storage heat exchanger (2), one end of the heat storage heat exchanger (2) is communicated with one end of a temperature control cavity of the battery pack (1) through a connecting pipeline I (3), the other end of the heat storage heat exchanger (2) is communicated with the other end of the temperature control cavity of the battery pack (1) through a connecting pipeline II (4), a circulating pump (5) is arranged on the connecting pipeline I (3) or the connecting pipeline II (4), the connecting pipeline I (3) is connected, heating media are injected into the temperature control cavities of the connecting pipeline II (4) and the battery pack (1), a connecting pipeline III (9) is arranged between the connecting pipeline I (3) and the connecting pipeline II (4), a heat dissipation heat exchanger (10) is arranged on the connecting pipeline III (9), and a heat dissipation channel stop valve (11) is arranged on the connecting pipeline III (9) between the heat dissipation heat exchanger (10) and the connecting pipeline II (4);
the heat storage heat exchanger (2) of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device comprises a heat exchanger shell, wherein a heat storage material is arranged in the heat exchanger shell, a heat storage heating core is arranged in the heat storage material and is connected with a charging plug, a battery temperature sensor (6) is arranged in a temperature control cavity of a battery pack (1), the battery temperature sensor (6) is connected with a control part, a circulating pump (5) is connected with the control part, a heat dissipation channel stop valve (11) is connected with the control part, the control part is of a structure for storing a starting standard temperature value of a heating path of an electric vehicle, and the control part is of a structure for storing a preheating termination temperature standard value of the battery pack of the electric vehicle;
when the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by a battery temperature sensor (6) in a battery pack (1) of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device is lower than the heating passage starting standard temperature value and is lower than or equal to the actual temperature value of a heat storage material sensed by a heat storage material temperature sensor (13), a control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling a circulating pump (5) to start, and the control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling an inlet liquid stop valve (7) and an outlet liquid stop valve (8) to open; the control component is arranged in a structure capable of controlling the closing of the heat dissipation channel stop valve (11);
the control method of the temperature control device of the battery pack of the electric automobile comprises the following control steps: 1) the battery temperature sensor (6) in the battery pack (1) senses the actual temperature value of the battery in the battery pack (1) in real time and feeds the sensed actual temperature value of the battery back to the control part in real time, and the heat storage material temperature sensor monitors the actual temperature value of the heat storage material in real time and feeds the actual temperature value of the heat storage material back to the control part in real time; 2) when the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor (6) is lower than the starting standard temperature value of the heating passage, is lower than or equal to the actual temperature value of the heat storage material sensed by the heat storage material temperature sensor (13) and the battery pack (1) is in a charging and discharging working state, the control part controls the circulating pump (5) to be started, the control part controls the liquid inlet stop valve (7) and the liquid outlet stop valve (8) to be opened, the control part controls the heat dissipation channel stop valve (11) to be closed, and the circulating pump (5) pumps a heat exchange medium to enter the heat storage heat exchanger (2) to absorb heat stored in the heat storage material and then enter the battery pack (1) to preheat the battery core; 3) the actual temperature numerical value of battery that battery temperature sensor (6) sensed is greater than heat dissipation route start standard temperature numerical value and battery package (1) is in charge, when discharging operating condition, control unit control circulating pump (5) start, control unit control feed liquor stop valve (7) and play liquid stop valve (8) are closed, control unit control heat dissipation channel stop valve (11) are opened, circulating pump (5) pump sending heat transfer medium heats up from the heat absorption in battery package (1), then pump sending heat transfer medium gets into heat dissipation heat exchanger (10) and releases heat and cools down.
2. The control method of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric automobile battery pack temperature control device is characterized in that a heat storage material temperature sensor (13) is further arranged in a heat storage heat exchanger (2) of the electric automobile battery pack temperature control device and is connected with a control part, the control part is set to be of a structure for storing an electric automobile heat dissipation passage starting standard temperature value, and the control part is set to be of a structure for storing an electric automobile battery pack heat dissipation termination temperature standard value.
3. The control method of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: connecting line I (3) on be close to heat accumulation heat exchanger (2) position and set up feed liquor stop valve (7), connecting line II (4) on be close to heat accumulation heat exchanger (2) position and set up out liquid stop valve (8), feed liquor stop valve (7) and play liquid stop valve (8) are connected with control unit respectively, circulating pump (5) set up on connecting line I (3).
4. The control method of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by a battery temperature sensor (6) in a battery pack (1) of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device is greater than the starting standard temperature value of the heat dissipation passage, a control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling a circulating pump (5) to start, and the control part is set to be of a structure capable of controlling a liquid inlet stop valve (7) and a liquid outlet stop valve (8) to close; the control component is configured to control the opening of the heat dissipation channel stop valve (11).
5. The control method of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the heat storage material in the heat storage heat exchanger (2) of the temperature control device of the electric vehicle battery pack is any one of eutectic salt, binary composite molten salt and ternary composite molten salt; the heating medium of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device is ethylene glycol aqueous solution.
6. The control method of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the heat exchanger shell of the heat storage heat exchanger (2) comprises a shell inner layer and a shell outer layer, a gap portion is arranged between the shell inner layer and the shell outer layer, and the gap portion is in a vacuum state.
7. The control method of the electric vehicle battery pack temperature control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the circulating pump (5) pumps a heat exchange medium, the heat exchange medium enters the heat storage heat exchanger (2) to absorb heat stored in a heat storage material and then enters the battery pack (1) to preheat the battery core, the circulating pump (5) can pump the heat exchange medium in a reciprocating and circulating mode between the battery pack (1) and the heat storage heat exchanger (2) until the actual temperature value of the battery sensed by the battery temperature sensor (6) is larger than or equal to the standard value of the preheating termination temperature of the battery pack of the electric automobile; when the circulating pump (5) pumps heat exchange medium to absorb heat and raise temperature from the battery pack (1) and then pumps the heat exchange medium to enter the heat dissipation heat exchanger (10) to release heat and lower temperature, the circulating pump (5) can pump the heat exchange medium to circulate between the battery pack (1) and the heat dissipation heat exchanger (10) in a reciprocating circulation mode until the actual battery temperature value sensed by the battery temperature sensor (6) is smaller than or equal to the standard value of the heat dissipation termination temperature of the battery pack of the electric automobile.
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