CN205335394U - Group battery with cooling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a group battery with cooling device, including the casing with be arranged in the battery monomer of casing inner chamber, set up battery group in the inner chamber of casing, battery group is formed by connecting a plurality of battery monomer electricity, the coolant liquid has been filled in possessing the casing of vacuum, coolant liquid steam has been formed behind the coolant liquid absorption heat in the casing, the interior coolant liquid steam circulation each other of casing, the interior coolant liquid ability circulation each other of casing, the free positive negative pole of battery is arranged in the inner chamber of casing, sets up the cage respectively in the top and the below of casing inner chamber, and other places are divided equally in the cage to free positive pole of battery and negative pole to it is isolated to make the coolant liquid in the free positive pole of battery and negative pole and the casing inner chamber, or, outside the free positive and negative level of battery lay in the casing, the casing kept gapless sealing contact with the free surface of battery.

Description

Set of cells with chiller

Technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of set of cells with chiller。

Background technology

The cooling of current existing set of cells takes the modes such as liquid cooling, air-flow cooling, phase change medium cooling, heat pipe cooling。In these modes, air-flow cooling structure is the simplest, but have that cooling capacity is little, the problem such as the temperature difference between battery cell is big, battery life is impacted, discharge power is limited, make up though can pass through to adjust battery material, but many store up capacitance for cost losing。

Liquid cooling needs the closed circuit of complexity, and the weight of system increases more, and after in groups, the monomer accounting of set of cells only has about 50%, when current battery gravimetric specific energy is not enough, have lost the weight of preciousness。

Phase change medium cools down, by the transformation temperature of medium and latent heat of phase change, achieve temperature constant of set of cells, by can ensure that the heat radiation of set of cells after heat pipe heat radiation to a certain extent, CN102231447 discloses a kind of phase-change material heat pipe coupling heat-radiation dynamic cell group, including battery housing, some cells it are placed with in battery pack case body, phase-change material is filled in gap between cell, phase-change material inserts some heat pipes, the condensation segment that heat pipe contacts with set of cells external environment condition with evaporation ends and the heat pipe of phase change material contacts is provided with fin or screw thread。The heat that battery charging and discharging produces is stored with latent heat form by phase-change material, and the heat in phase-change material is derived again through heat pipe and is scattered to set of cells external environment condition。But when being higher than or being do not possess constant temperature during low transformation temperature point in the program, when ambient temperature is for a long time higher than transformation temperature, phase change medium is because of phase transformation under environmental effect, it is necessary to consume and can force externally heat radiation by energy, or lose constant temperature ability；When temperature is lower than transformation temperature, phase change medium is equivalent to common material。Program needs utilize simultaneously medium and the quantity of heat pipe are more, and the effective battery weight accounting in system is little。

Therefore, in above-mentioned currently existing scheme, exist or effective weight is few, cause that the weight of set of cells increases；Or the problem such as life-span of the not good set of cells of cooling effect is impacted。

Showing according to existing event, the set of cells after in groups is still safe not simultaneously, when still having thermal runaway under running into fortuitous event and causing that the event of burning occurs。

Utility model content

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of battery pack cooling device。This utility model, by improving the type of cooling of set of cells, alleviates battery pack system weight, improves cooling and the even temperature effect of battery cell, and then ensures service life and the reliability of set of cells。

In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, this utility model provides a kind of set of cells with chiller, including housing and the battery cell being arranged in housing cavity；Arranging battery group in the inner chamber of housing, described battery group is formed by the electrical connection of several battery cells；Being perfused with coolant in the housing possessing vacuum, coolant contacts (coolant is full of the battery cell surface that need to cool down) with the battery cell surface that need to cool down；

Coolant in housing defines cooling liquid steam after absorbing heat, and the cooling liquid steam in housing can circulate mutually, and the coolant in housing can circulate mutually；

When the both positive and negative polarity of described battery cell is arranged in the inner chamber of housing, isolation cover it is respectively provided with above and below housing cavity, positive pole and the negative pole of battery cell are in isolation cover respectively, so that the coolant in the positive pole of battery cell and negative pole and housing cavity is isolated；

When the positive and negative level of described battery cell is positioned at outside housing, housing keeps gapless sealing to contact with the outer surface of battery cell。

Remarks illustrate: the requirement of described vacuum is generally: the vapour pressure of the coolant that the dividing potential drop of remaining on-condensible gas is less than under minimum operating temperature in housing。

Improvement as the set of cells with chiller of the present utility model:

Described coolant has electric conductivity, and described battery cell is the battery cell of insulation between outer surface and both positive and negative polarity。

Described coolant is insulating properties medium, without insulation between outer surface and the both positive and negative polarity of described battery cell。

Described coolant has an electric conductivity, and relies on the outer surface of batteries monomer that coolant is connected to have equal current potential, for without insulation or for there being insulation between outer surface and the both positive and negative polarity loop of described battery cell。

Further improvement as the set of cells with chiller of the present utility model:

The inner chamber of housing is arranged by the latticed cut section of crisscross baffle combination, battery group is set in cut section；

The first half at dividing plate arranges through hole, so that dividing plate is made up of the dividing plate solid slug and superposed through hole diaphragm structure block being positioned at bottom, coolant can be circulated in housing by through hole diaphragm structure block by the cooling liquid steam of thermosetting, and the coolant highly exceeding dividing plate solid slug can be circulated in housing by through hole diaphragm structure block；

Or, the top of dividing plate and Casing top keep gap, and the coolant cooling liquid steam that (evaporation) formed that is heated can be circulated in housing by this gap, and the coolant highly reaching this gap can be circulated in housing by this gap；

The bottom of described dividing plate is fixedly linked with the sealed bottom of housing；Can be relatively positioned in cut section so that it is guaranteed that be positioned at the coolant (coolant for part) bottom cut section。

The sealed bottom height of the bottom of described dividing plate and housing can be 0；Note: at this moment utilize the absorption property of absorbent material to keep Local cooling liquid to be evenly distributed。

Remarks illustrate: this battery separator also acts as the effect stopping that battery group is squeezed with the short circuit of adjacent battery group, also function to coolant is done the effect that local is retained。

Further improvement as the set of cells with chiller of the present utility model: there is between battery cell the small-gap suture of 0.1～5mm, so that it is guaranteed that the connecting of the gas of coolant and liquid。

Further improvement as the set of cells with chiller of the present utility model:

Outer surface at battery cell wraps up water accepting layer, and this water accepting layer is made up of the material of energy active adsorption coolant；Described water accepting layer contacts with coolant, absorbs the water accepting layer after coolant and is close to the outer surface of battery cell, so that the outer surface of battery cell contacts with coolant；

Or, the outer surface at battery cell arranges micro-grooves, thus relying on the outer surface that capillary effect realizes battery cell to contact with coolant。

Remarks illustrate: namely, micro-grooves can replace water accepting layer。

The material of described energy active adsorption coolant is such as absorbent cotton, sponge, water suction foams etc.。

Further improvement as the set of cells with chiller of the present utility model:

Set of cells with chiller also includes detection system (security system of battery), and described detection system includes the temperature for detecting in housing cavity, the temperature sensor of pressure and pressure transducer；Housing is arranged to the reserved opening of evacuation；

Remarks illustrate: described detection system also includes the coolant voltage sensor of the failure of insulation for detecting internal battery pack；And inside vapor chamber, it is provided with the catalytic reactor of low-temperature oxidation hydrogen；

Moisture detection sensor is set in isolation cover, for detecting the coolant leaking in isolation cover from housing cavity；That is, moisture detection sensor is for realizing detection and the warning of coolant leakage。

Further improvement as the set of cells with chiller of the present utility model:

When several set of cells support the use, gas conduit is set on the top of housing, liquid conduits is set in the bottom of housing；The produced cooling liquid steam of coolant evaporation is circulated mutually by gas conduit, and coolant is circulated mutually by liquid conduits。

Further improvement as the set of cells with chiller of the present utility model: the first half at housing cavity or the outside at housing are arranged to the heat abstractor making cooling liquid steam cooled, are arranged to the heater of heated cooling fluid in the lower half of housing cavity。

This utility model also provides the cooling means (utilizing said apparatus) of a kind of set of cells simultaneously, comprises the steps:

When the temperature of the battery cell in housing rises, the explosive evaporation at once of the coolant around this battery cell, the calorific potential absorbed during evaporation realizes the cooling to this battery cell；The cooling liquid steam produced is distributed to housing cavity, makes the pressure in housing cavity increase, so that the coolant of the part in housing cavity is condensed, and then makes the temperature in housing increase, and makes to form the temperature that indirect steam pressure is corresponding in housing；

When the temperature of the battery cell in housing or cooling-part declines, cooling liquid steam condensation around this battery cell or cooling-part, release latent heat, the housing cavity pressure that cooling liquid steam condensation causes declines, so that the coolant evaporation of part, and then make the temperature in housing decline, make in housing, to form the temperature that indirect steam pressure is corresponding；Coolant or the produced coolant of condensation that evaporation consumes are distributed by flowing and capillarity rebalancing。

Improvement as the cooling means of set of cells of the present utility model:

Coolant is pure water, ethylene glycol, glycerol, ethanol or their aqueous solution, freon, acetone；

Coolant accounts in housing the 10～90% of clearance spaces。

Remarks illustrate: in housing, clearance spaces refers to that the space after the parts such as battery cell, dividing plate is removed in the space of housing。

Further improvement as the cooling means of set of cells of the present utility model:

The preferred water of coolant。

When adopt use water as coolant time, its operating characteristic meets the needs of battery, when there is unexpected heat release in battery cell, raise temperature to be distributed rapidly by coolant, its heat radiation power is more than the inside conducted power of battery, can effectively stop the generation of the thermal runaway of battery cell, producing, retired, use in environmental sound when suffering serious damage or during maintenance maintenance。

As further improvement of the utility model: when the positive pole/negative pole of battery cell is positioned at isolation cover, the insulant of expelling water is filled (such as insulation silicone oil inside isolation cover, the liquid such as synthetic ester oil or semisolid material), the positive pole/negative pole of described battery cell, circuit are sealed covering by the insulant of expelling water respectively。Thereby further ensure that the coolant in the positive pole of battery cell and negative pole and housing cavity is isolated。

In this utility model, being arranged to the battery bracket of self-contained battery monomer in cut section, this battery bracket can design all-in-one-piece form with isolation cover。

This battery bracket such as can as described in Figure 7, be prepared into circular, thus realizing battery cell to keep certain small-gap suture or the UNICOM of air-liquid passage each other, and makes that battery cell is firm is connected to a battery group。

In this utility model, the coolant (coolant) of preferential recommendation is water。When adopt use water as coolant time, not only possess excellent cooling effect, the cost of water is low, safe simultaneously, do not fire, manufacturing, use and during end-of-life to environment without adverse effect。Especially when battery cell generation accidental short circuit heat release, chiller of the present utility model provides sufficient cooling capacity for set of cells, under the battery specifications such as 26265,18650, the temperature of the rising that short circuit causes can be passed through to cool down surface coolant and distribute rapidly, the power that its heat radiation power discharges more than inside conducted power and the short circuit of battery, can effectively stop the generation of the thermal runaway of battery cell, improve set of cells reliability under fortuitous event。

In this utility model, battery cell can be that column type is square or packed form, relies on battery bracket, thus realizing battery cell to keep certain small-gap suture or the UNICOM of air-liquid passage each other, and makes that battery cell is firm is connected to a battery group。

In this utility model, the loop of the positive and negative polarities of battery cell shell and battery has reliable insulation, as selected the battery cell with reliable waterproof insulating layer；This insulating barrier can guarantee that the whole life cycle of set of cells is interior good with coolant insulation, and insulating barrier will tolerate whole voltages of set of cells。Insulation layers, can individually or composite coating as the insulant such as polyester, polyethylene, polrvinyl chloride can be adopted to make, and coating layer thickness is 0.01mm to 0.2mm；Under meeting insulating reliability energy, thin coating has better heat dispersion。The metal shell of built-in electrical insulation can also be selected。This belongs to routine techniques。

The stable insulation material of the difficult combustion of housing is made, and has certain structural strength, thus ensureing coolant and not leaking of gas and reliably isolating extraneous gas。The composite construction can being made up of thin metal layer and plastics。When being box hat structure particularly in battery cell, when cooling medium adopts the aqueous solution of water or the alcohol recommended, during work, internal battery pack is in negative pressure state, housing can adopt flexible material (such as the composite construction of thin metal shell and vinyl chloride coating), housing is pressed in the combination of battery cell composition by outside atmospheric pressure, utilize the main body force structure of the set of cells being monolithically fabricated of battery container and support formation, reduce set of cells the structural strength of housing is needed, alleviate battery weight further。Nonflammable material is the raising set of cells safety when accident further。The interior surface of insulation improves the reliability of battery, and monitor for the failure of insulation of major loop provides basis simultaneously。

When battery cell is packed in flexible pouchy, arranging division board between battery cell, the purpose of this division board is to make to keep between battery cell certain gap, so that coolant and cooling liquid steam thereof can contact with battery cell。Another effect of this division board is the previous status maintaining packed in flexible pouchy, i.e. avoid the infringement that battery is caused by the packed in flexible pouchy flatulence that the low pressure of cooling layer causes。

Operation principle of the present utility model is as follows:

The boiling point of liquid and steam are pressed with the corresponding relation determined, this is determined by himself characteristic；State diagram (Fig. 8) such as water:

Right lower quadrant camber line is gaseous state and soliqueous saturated vapour pressure-temperature curve, under uniform temperature when air-liquid or gas, admittedly coexist when, to there being the pressure determined after balance, otherwise when there being the pressure determined, the temperature determined is had, as long as so needing the place that constant temperature cools down to maintain gas-liquid in set of cells (that is, the battery cell in housing) or state that gas-solid coexists after balance, maintain identical steam pressure simultaneously, both can keep identical temperature。

When in the set of cells being in balance, certain battery cell temperature rises, its outside liquid (coolant) is by explosive evaporation at once, the battery cell of corresponding high temperature is lowered the temperature by the latent heat absorbed during evaporation, (namely the gas of evaporation be distributed in the inner space of set of cells, in housing), the internal pressure of set of cells slightly improves, and uniformly make rapidly a part of cooling liquid steam condense, the temperature of all of battery cell all slightly rises a bit, is maintained at the temperature corresponding to new vapour pressure。Whole communication process speed is determined by the flowing velocity of steam, both internal sound propagation velocity。Contrary to there being the temperature of battery cell at some position to decline, the cooling liquid steam causing its surface is condensed by this place, discharges latent heat, and the condensation of steam causes the pressure in housing to decline, the coolant evaporation of part can overcome the disadvantages that point pressure declines, and the pressure in housing is integrated with decline slightly。As long as such battery cell has cooling medium, (coolant) is maintained at surface, just can keep identical temperature。Process is similar to heat pipe, by whole set of cells as a large-scale heat pipe in this utility model, and carries out the transmission of heat therein, as an auxiliary device as cooling system of temperature controlled radiator portion and heating part。

This utility model is different from the application of usual heat pipe, one is that operating temperature is relatively low in the application that battery temperature controls, during normal operation, heat power is less demanding, water relatively low evaporation limit at this moment can meet application requirement just, and as heat pipe is adopted in this humidity province use water as medium because of inefficiency improper。Two is in the worst cold case of set of cells, and when lower than 0 DEG C, set of cells needs preheating, to ensure the work safe, low-loss of battery, utilizes the distillation effect soaking of ice, still can keep rapidly the samming of set of cells。Certainly requirement now is that the pressure of the on-condensible gas in set of cells will as far as possible lower than the water saturation vapour pressure under relevant temperature, and this is can be guaranteed in technique。And lose exchange capacity owing to medium becomes solid in heat pipe, lost efficacy in this case。Three is the medium infiltration that this system is always ensured that cooling position, is therefore absent from the starting problem of usual heat pipe。Four is when battery is in unexpected state, it is necessary to during urgent strengthening cooling, temperature will be above 50 DEG C, and now water will be in extremely efficient working range as the efficiency of cooling medium。The cooling of its performance of operating condition very match battery group needs。

When using water as medium, even if set of cells is in unexpected fired state, the refrigerating function of fire-fighting can be provided on the one hand, simultaneously relative to other cooling medium, not burn, not combustion-supporting, simultaneously that environment safety again is friendly。

This utility model has following technical advantage:

1, this utility model is by the latent heat of phase change of solid, liquid with gas, and batteries monomer is carried out samming cooling, determines that the characteristic of relation ensure that the concordance of battery temperature by vapour pressure and boiling point, especially achieves the equal temperature control of battery, and temperature difference is less than 1 DEG C。The temperature contrasting existing battery cooling technology is more impartial, it is possible to be further ensured that the working life of battery。

2, the cooling medium cooling effect surrounding uniformity to single battery, further increases the cycle life of battery。

3, use cooling medium (coolant) can efficiently cool down rapidly battery at any time, stop the possibility of battery cell generation thermal runaway, it may be achieved the essence of system is thermally safe。

4, this utility model simple in construction, as long as core system one container (that is, housing) and battery bracket, the coolant that reliably seal and can form the water accepting layer of capillary effect, can realize the reliable passive equal temperature function of essence。One realizes battery in example and only increases the impost of 20% in groups afterwards。

5, when this utility model first half at housing cavity or the outside at housing are arranged to make the cooled heat abstractor of cooling liquid steam, when the lower half of housing cavity is arranged to the heater of heated cooling fluid；Active heat management can be realized, it is possible to by simply controlling the flowing of steam, it is achieved the unpowered radiating management to set of cells, it is also possible under extreme exterior environmental conditions, carry out active heat management in the passive heat fundamentals of management。Thus improve battery at the high and cold extreme environment conformability of high temperature, and the performance of the optimum working temperature being maintained in operation temperature area。

When 6, adopting water as cooling medium, cost is low, and safety is good, simultaneously environmentally friendly。

7, the state of native system and inefficacy can be done effective monitoring, it is ensured that be in safe and reliable duty。Even if system leak, causing the disappearance of vacuum state, cooling system still can provide necessary refrigerating function, is average temperature performance and the radiating rate decline of system。

8, system when adopting water to do coolant, can adapt to cooling and the samming requirement of battery under the environment lower than 0 DEG C。

9, owing to simplifying the structure of cooling, have employed the medium of liquid and gaseous state and cool down, the volume of set of cells is able to reducing of maximum possible。

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is described in further detail。

Fig. 1 is the schematic top plan view of the set of cells with chiller；

Fig. 2 is the A-A of Fig. 1 section view partial schematic diagram cutd open；

The circuit diagram that Tu3Shi battery group 2 is connected in series to；

Fig. 4 is the front view of dividing plate 30；

Fig. 5 is that embodiment 2 uses view；

Fig. 6 is the use view of embodiment 3；

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of battery bracket 3。

Fig. 8 is the state diagram of water。

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1, a kind of set of cells with chiller, including the housing 1 sealed, the inner chamber of housing 1 arranges the latticed cut section (such as 8 cut sections as described in Figure 1) combined by crisscross dividing plate 30,1 battery group 2 is set in each cut section, positive pole battery group 2 upwards and negative pole battery group 2 upwards are staggered successively in above-mentioned cut section, and above-mentioned battery group 2 by major loop wire by and be connected (as described in Figure 3, remarks illustrate: the mode that should and connect belongs to routine techniques) in the way of connecting。Major loop wire can design all-in-one-piece form with housing 1, so more can simplify structure。

Remarks illustrate: in order to make drawing become apparent from；Above-mentioned major loop wire is done omission in the drawings and is processed。

The concrete structure of each battery group 2 is as follows:

Each battery group 2 is formed in parallel (such as 25 battery cells 20 as described in Figure 1) by several battery cell 20；Battery cell 20 has the small-gap suture of 0.1～5mm each other；Battery cell 20 must select shell to have the battery cell reliably insulated with both positive and negative polarity loop, or outer surface is coated with reliable waterproof insulating layer。

The positive pole of the battery cell 20 in each battery group 2 is connected with battery lead wire 6 by electric fuse 5；Thus realizing whole set of cells is carried out overcurrent protection。In order to simplify structure, this battery lead wire 6 can be designed to one with housing 1, i.e. makes battery lead wire 6 be wrapped in the inwall of housing 1。

Battery cell 20 can be cylindrical battery monomer, rectangular cell monomer or pouch type battery monomer；

Dividing plate 30 and housing 1 are fixedly linked, and the height of dividing plate 30 equals to or slightly less than being fixedly linked of the sealed bottom of the height of housing 1 inner chamber, the lower surface of dividing plate 30 and housing 1。The first half at dividing plate 30 is arranged to the through hole 31 making the air-liquid body in housing 1 keep circulation；That is, dividing plate 30 reality is made up of the dividing plate solid slug 301 being positioned below and through hole diaphragm structure block 302 above, and above-mentioned through hole 31 is positioned on through hole diaphragm structure block 302。When coolant 7 is by thermosetting cooling liquid steam, above-mentioned through hole 31 can be passed through in housing 1, realize circulation。When the liquid level of the coolant 7 of local exceedes dividing plate solid slug 301, coolant 7 can pass through through hole 31 stream to next door (namely, it is achieved the circulation in housing 1)。Battery bracket 3, dividing plate 30 all by high-low temperature resistant, resistance to coolant, good seal performance, insulate and have the material of some strength to make, above-mentioned material such as can be selected for natural rubber, synthetic rubber, PVC plastic, politef, nylon, plastics etc., the battery cell 20 with identical shell current potential is grouped into a battery group 2, isolated by insulating between the group added between the battery group 2 of different shell current potentials。That is, positive pole battery group 2 upwards and negative pole battery group 2 upwards are intercepted by dividing plate 30。Dividing plate 30, owing to having certain intensity, therefore also acts as the effect stopping battery group 2 pressurized；Thus avoiding battery group 2 to deform upon。

Short circuit protection between the shell between the battery group 2 caused is deformed when the dividing plate 30 of this utility model said structure is simultaneously provided in external impacts。The coolant 7 simultaneously battery group 2 bottom formed is isolated。(namely isolation height accounts for 5～30mm for 18650 size battery cell, coolant 7 liquid level height in housing 1 is slightly above 5～30mm, now, be equivalent to coolant 7 and constitute about the 30～80% of housing 1 remaining space), there is provided coolant 7 in dividing plate overflow dividing equally and retaining battery group 2 for vehicle when motion, prevent vehicle when tilting for a long time, turning in housing 1 the battery group 2 of side can lose and the contacting of coolant 7, and cause that battery loses cooling effect。

It is respectively provided with isolation cover 4 above and below housing 1 inner chamber, top cover or the bottom of this isolation cover 4 and housing 1 are fixedly linked, the positive pole of battery cell 20 and negative pole are in this isolation cover 4 respectively, so that the positive pole of battery cell 20 and negative pole and housing 1 inner chamber are isolated；It is perfused with coolant 7 in possessing the inner chamber of housing 1 of certain vacuum degree；The positive pole of the battery cell 20 in isolation cover 4 and negative pole and coolant 7 are isolated。Relying on this isolation cover 4, battery cell 20 can be located in the inner chamber of housing 1。

Battery bracket 3 can be as described in Figure 7, for several circular connected supports, being enclosed within this annulus of each battery cell 20 correspondence, thus realizing battery cell 20 to keep certain small-gap suture or the UNICOM of air-liquid passage each other, and makes that battery cell 20 is firm is connected to a battery group 2。This battery bracket 3 can design all-in-one-piece form (that is, being integrally forming) by modes such as welding or structural designs with isolation cover 4。

Positive pole/the negative pole of battery cell 20 is isolated cover 4 respectively and is sealed covering。The materials such as isolation cover 4 nylon of insulation, politef, rubber are made, the insulant of expelling water is filled (such as insulation silicone oil in inner conductor surface, the liquid such as synthetic ester oil or semisolid material), even if so that it is guaranteed that at have coolant 7 to immerse insulating reliability (namely, it is ensured that the positive pole/negative pole of battery cell 20 does not contact with coolant 7) that isolation cover 4 still can provide high。

The positive pole of the battery cell 20 in each battery group 2 is connected with battery lead wire 6 by electric fuse 5；Thus realizing whole set of cells is carried out overcurrent protection。Battery lead wire 6 can be made for copper or the high conduction performance material such as copper alloy or aluminium alloy。

Remarks illustrate: what electric fuse 5 sealed is connected with battery lead wire 6 after isolation cover 4。Battery lead wire 6 can be designed to one with housing 1。

In order to realize that whole set of cells is carried out overcurrent protection further, it is also possible to make the negative pole of the battery cell 20 in each battery group 2 be connected with corresponding battery lead wire also by corresponding electric fuse。

Moisture detection sensor can be set in isolation cover 4, for detecting the coolant 7 leaking in isolation cover 4 from housing 1 inner chamber。That is, moisture detection sensor is for realizing detection and the warning of coolant 7 leakage。

Temperature detection sensor is set in isolation cover 4, for monitoring the temperature of battery cell 20。

Outer surface at battery cell 20 wraps up water accepting layer 21, and this water accepting layer 21 is made up of the material of energy active adsorption coolant 7；The lower end of this water accepting layer 21 must contact with coolant 7, so that it is guaranteed that water accepting layer 21 is contained within coolant 7。Absorb the water accepting layer 21 after coolant 7 and be close to the outer surface of battery cell 20, so that the outer surface of battery cell 20 contacts with coolant 7。

Remarks illustrate: described water absorbing material is such as absorbent cotton, sponge, water suction foams。Can also by very low power 22 can be arranged at the outer surface of battery cell 20, it is achieved water accepting layer 21 same effect, with being fully contacted of the outer surface of battery cell 20, maintenance infiltration。

Coolant 7 is injected in the inner chamber of housing 1；Then the surplus air in housing 1 inner chamber is carried out evacuation, make residual air amount dividing potential drop less than 100Pa。Owing to the pressure of the inner chamber of housing 1 declines, therefore, the coolant 7 of part defines the steam of coolant；The steam of this coolant will be filled with the space (that is, original space existed for air) of the inner chamber of housing 1, and its pressure is the vapour pressure under relevant temperature, and air is incondensable gas wherein, and heat conduction has obstruction effect。That is, once residual gas dividing potential drop is close to vapour pressure under current operating temperature, by significantly affecting the evaporation of coolant and flowing and condensation effects, so that all gentle heat-transfer effect of native system weakens。

Coolant 7 selects the materials such as pure water, also optional freon, acetone, ethanol。Can be selected for the aqueous solution of glycerol, ethylene glycol etc. under extreme low temperature condition (that is, ambient temperature≤-20 DEG C), mass concentration is 1% to 30%, reduces intensity when solution congeals into ice, it is prevented that set of cells is damaged。Preferred pure water has the environmental protection effect of the best and the effect of safety, and environment is not affected by the leakage of water, substantial amounts of product manufacturing and operation, retired time, leakage is unavoidable, selects water can avoid impact, and glassware for drinking water has minimum service cost simultaneously。When set of cells suffers damage or burns, water or rare alcohol-water solution will not burn, it is ensured that the safety under fortuitous event。

Coolant 7 accounts in housing 1 the 10～90% of clearance spaces (remaining space)。Depending on different the battery pack sizes and form, when selecting 18650 size battery cell, coolant 7 accounts in housing 1 about the 30% of clearance spaces (remaining space), and weight is counted, and the corresponding coolant 7 of each battery cell 20 is about 2.5～25g。

Remarks illustrate: in housing 1 clearance spaces refer to the space of housing 1 remove the parts such as battery cell 20, isolation cover 4, battery bracket 3 after space。

Furthermore:

Set of cells with chiller of the present utility model also includes battery management system detection system, and this detection system includes being not limited to the temperature for detecting in housing 1 inner chamber, the temperature sensor of pressure and pressure transducer；Housing 1 is arranged to the reserved opening 11 of evacuation。Remarks illustrate: reserved opening 11 can share with reserved vacuum orifice above。

After preventing the breakage of built-in electrical insulation, hydrogen and being gathered of oxygen that the electrolysis of coolant 7 is caused and explode, the coolant 7 of each isoelectric level group is provided with potential detecting probe by set of cells, can detect, by detecting the potential change of coolant 7, the insulation leakage that system exists。

Vapor chamber is provided with catalytic reactor, by catalytic reaction, the Microamounts of Hydrogen produced because of insulation leakage, carrier of oxygen is relaxed again and react into water, eliminate the explosion danger caused when gathering burning。

Still further:

Can be arranged to make the cooled heat abstractor of cooling liquid steam at the first half of housing 1 inner chamber, for instance air-cooled radiating tube, water cooled heat radiating pipe, DRIVEN BY AIR CONDITIONING COMPRESSOR vaporizer etc.；Heat abstractor can certainly be set in the outside of housing 1, directly utilize housing and carry out the heat radiation of part, or will be located in the housing 1 inner chamber first half cooling liquid steam seal lead in above-mentioned external heat abstractor, the inner chamber to housing 1 is returned again to after being condensed into liquid, so can accelerate cooling liquid steam and be condensed into liquid, thus realizing the cooling to housing 1 inner chamber。

The heater of heated cooling fluid it is arranged in the lower half of housing 1 inner chamber。After heater work, gaseous state can be flashed to by coolant and entirety is heated；This structure is suitable for cold district (that is, ambient temperature can cause the icing of coolant 7)。

Typical lithium battery is usually operated in the scope of 50 DEG C～-20 DEG C, best effort scope is at 5～40 DEG C, in order to tackle set of cells at extreme high temperature, but when external temperature is too high, battery temperature will be unable to passively be dispersed into external environment condition, heat can be discharged with compressor of air conditioner to external forced, battery temperature is controlled in the permission working range of battery。Simultaneously when outside is in extreme low temperature environment, set of cells will be cut off outside heat radiation, utilizes self heat to keep temperature, and battery management system system is by the output of restriction battery simultaneously, it is ensured that the cycle life of battery。

It is described as follows:

When in ambient temperature lower than in the freezing point situation of coolant 7, the strategy of battery management system the best is to maintain consistent temperature and set of cells is warming up to (heater being with by set of cells self realizes above-mentioned intensification) above freezing of coolant 7, to improve the service life of battery as far as possible；Can adopting the alcoholic solution of low concentration, main purpose is in that to reduce ice cube intensity when freezing, and adopts pure water when housing 1 can bear icing。

In typical situation, 26650 batteries temperature difference of inside battery when 5C discharges is about 5 DEG C, and the 18650 battery temperature difference that volume is less will be less。And adopt the type of cooling of present aspect to have great surface cooling capacity, therefore set of cells possesses powerful heat-sinking capability, and the thermal capacity of set of cells entirety can provide huge heat to cushion for battery, as long as therefore this system is not destroyed, coolant 7 not leakage, even if a small amount of battery cell 20 is short-circuited, still it is difficult to exceed the temperature of thermal runaway, thus fundamentally ensure that the safe operation of set of cells。

Even if (namely system there occurs leakage, extraneous air enters in housing 1), cooling medium (coolant 7) still can provide urgent cooling for set of cells, and simply battery temperature now is likely to be breached about 100 DEG C, and radiating rate and effect will lower simultaneously。

Battery management system system of the present utility model can pass through to detect the temperature of set of cells and internal gas pressure and the tri-state characteristics of cooling medium, monitors the running status of system, when once abnormal and alarm。The dominant failure of system is leakage, but this leakage is degradation to be occurred, when gas leaks, the simply loss samming of set of cells, part heat-sinking capability, still possess the function of the urgent cooling of set of cells, only when leak condition continues extension, cooling medium leaks out, and when leaking complete, the cooling effect of system just lost efficacy, apparent the two process has a longer buffer time, it is sufficient to have sufficient pre-warning time to give human pilot and take the necessary measures。Extreme serious unexpected when occurring, certain factor that cannot stop causes that set of cells is burnt, and cooling medium still can provide the cooling effect of a part, weakens the development of the state of affairs。

The type of cooling (set of cells is in conventional accumbency mode as described in Figure 2) of this utility model set of cells, specific as follows:

When the temperature of the battery cell 20 in housing 1 rises, coolant 7 explosive evaporation at once around this battery cell 20, the calorific potential absorbed during evaporation realizes the cooling to this battery cell 20；The cooling liquid steam produced is distributed to housing 1 inner chamber, makes the pressure in housing 1 inner chamber increase, so that the coolant 7 of the part in housing 1 inner chamber is condensed, and then makes the temperature in housing 1 increase, and makes to form the temperature that indirect steam pressure is corresponding in housing 1；

When the temperature of the battery cell 20 in housing 1 declines, cooling liquid steam condensation around this battery cell 20, release latent heat, housing 1 chamber pressure that cooling liquid steam condensation causes declines, so that the coolant 7 of part is evaporated, and then make the temperature in housing 1 decline, make in housing 1, to form the temperature that indirect steam pressure is corresponding。

Embodiment 2, it is combined using by set of cells with chiller described in several embodiments 1:

When due to the needs of mounting arrangement, when these several the set of cells with chiller must be respectively mounted, when several set of cells support the use, gas conduit 12 can be set on the top of the housing 1 of each set of cells, liquid conduits 13 is set in the bottom of housing 1；Coolant 7 evaporates produced cooling liquid steam by the circulation of gas conduit 12 phase, and coolant 7 is by the circulation of liquid conduits 13 phase。Thus realizing the mutual circulation of cooling liquid steam and coolant between set of cells。That is, the gas blanket being positioned at upper strata in housing 1 is connected with the liquid level being positioned at lower floor independently pipeline, it is ensured that the without hindrance UNICOM of gas and cooling liquid。

All the other working methods are equal to embodiment 1。

Embodiment 3, set of cells are erect when placing:

When outside layout needs, when set of cells must vertical be placed, cooling medium (coolant 7) needs to flood all battery cells 20, accordingly, with respect to embodiment 1, can cancel use " water accepting layer 21 of parcel battery cell 20 outer surface "。

The heat exchange of coolant 7 needs with free convection soaking, the battery cell 20 of deep layer will be difficult to obtain heating condition, now can increasing gas circulator 8 the outside of set of cells, the two ends of gas circulator 8 are connected with the top of the inner chamber of housing 1 and bottom respectively；Thus the gaseous medium on upper strata is circulated with being pumped into orlop, keeps the state that in housing 1, overall uniform gas-liquid coexists, average temperature performance can be provided, because of between battery cell 20 to change heat demand little, the traffic requirement of this gas circulator 8 is only small accordingly。It is said that in general, the boil-off gas scale of construction caused by the heat dissipation capacity that the minimum discharge of gas circulator 8 is set of cells, owing to there is heat loss through convection simultaneously, it is necessary to flow can be less。

Embodiment 4, for the cooling medium within balancing battery group, embodiment 1 is done following improvement:

Medium circulation pump can be provided with in housing 1, utilize the overflow to the back-end section by section of overflow position, it is ensured that each battery group 2 has identical cooling medium amount。In vehicle is applied, the consumption of coolant is less than 1 l/h, and the drop of set of cells is only small, and only up to set of cells thickness 0.1m, therefore the power demand of circulating pump is minimum, it is possible to small dimension pump interrupter duty。Overflow runner ensures that each set of cells all flow to。In vehicle travel process, due to the existence of the acceleration of level, the pump of current-sharing can not work, and just needs work under the operating modes such as stopping on hill charging。

Embodiment 5, as security set, the set of cells of sealing is provided with disposable venting, and embodiment 1 is done following improvement:

Arranging disposable venting on housing 1, when housing 1 internal pressure could possibly be higher than the safe pressure of housing 1, venting will be first switched on, pressure of releasing to outside safe direction。The generation of this situation is when set of cells is by extreme accidents such as outside burnings for a long time, and set of cells bulk temperature is higher than 100 DEG C。

Finally, in addition it is also necessary to it is noted that listed above is only several specific embodiments of the present utility model。Obviously, this utility model is not limited to above example, it is also possible to have many deformation。All deformation that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive from this utility model disclosure or associate, are all considered as protection domain of the present utility model。

Claims (10)

1. with the set of cells of chiller, including housing (1) and the battery cell (20) being arranged in housing (1) inner chamber；

It is characterized in that: arrange battery group (2) in the inner chamber of housing (1), described battery group (2) is formed by several battery cells (20) electrical connection；Being perfused with coolant (7) in the housing (1) possessing vacuum, coolant (7) contacts with battery cell (20) surface that need to cool down；

Coolant (7) in housing (1) defines cooling liquid steam after absorbing heat, and the cooling liquid steam in housing (1) can circulate mutually, and the coolant (7) in housing (1) can circulate mutually；

The both positive and negative polarity of described battery cell (20) is arranged in the inner chamber of housing (1), isolation cover (4) it is respectively provided with above and below housing (1) inner chamber, the positive pole of battery cell (20) and negative pole are in isolation cover (4) respectively, so that the coolant (7) in the positive pole of battery cell (20) and negative pole and housing (1) inner chamber is isolated；

Or, the positive and negative level of described battery cell (20) is positioned at outside housing (1), and housing (1) keeps gapless sealing to contact with the outer surface of battery cell (20)。

2. the set of cells with chiller according to claim 1, is characterized in that:

Described coolant (7) has electric conductivity, and described battery cell (20) is the battery cell of insulation between outer surface and both positive and negative polarity。

3. the set of cells with chiller according to claim 1, is characterized in that:

Described coolant (7) is insulating properties medium, without insulation between outer surface and the both positive and negative polarity of described battery cell (20)。

4. the set of cells with chiller according to claim 1, is characterized in that:

Described coolant (7) has electric conductivity, and rely on the outer surface of batteries monomer (20) that coolant (7) is connected to have equal current potential, for without insulation or for there being insulation between outer surface and the both positive and negative polarity loop of described battery cell (20)。

5., according to the arbitrary described set of cells with chiller of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that:

The inner chamber of housing (1) arranges the latticed cut section combined by crisscross dividing plate (30), battery group (2) is set in cut section；

The first half at dividing plate (30) arranges through hole (31), so that dividing plate (30) is made up of the dividing plate solid slug (301) and superposed through hole diaphragm structure block (302) being positioned at bottom, coolant (7) can be circulated in housing (1) by through hole diaphragm structure block (302) by the cooling liquid steam of thermosetting, and the coolant (7) highly exceeding dividing plate solid slug (301) can be circulated in housing (1) by through hole diaphragm structure block (302)；

Or, the top of dividing plate (30) keeps gap with housing (1) top cover, coolant (7) can be circulated in housing (1) by this gap by the cooling liquid steam of thermosetting, and the coolant (7) highly reaching this gap can be circulated in housing (1) by this gap；

Being fixedly linked of the sealed bottom of the bottom of described dividing plate (30) and housing (1)；Can be relatively positioned in cut section so that it is guaranteed that be positioned at the coolant (7) bottom cut section。

6. the set of cells with chiller according to claim 5, is characterized in that: have the small-gap suture of 0.1～5mm between battery cell (20), so that it is guaranteed that the circulation of the gas of coolant (7) and liquid。

7. the set of cells with chiller according to claim 6, is characterized in that:

Outer surface at battery cell (20) wraps up the water accepting layer (21) being made up of the material of energy active adsorption coolant (7), described water accepting layer (21) contacts with coolant (7), absorb the water accepting layer (21) after coolant (7) and be close to the outer surface of battery cell (20), so that the outer surface of battery cell (20) contacts with coolant (7)；

Or, the outer surface at battery cell (20) arranges micro-grooves (22), thus relying on the outer surface that capillary effect realizes battery cell (20) to contact with coolant (7)。

8. the set of cells with chiller according to claim 7, is characterized in that:

Set of cells with chiller also includes detection system, and described detection system includes the temperature for detecting in housing (1) inner chamber, the temperature sensor of pressure and pressure transducer；Housing (1) is arranged to the reserved opening (11) of evacuation；

Moisture detection sensor is set in isolation cover (4), for detecting the coolant (7) leaking in isolation cover (4) from housing (1) inner chamber。

9. the set of cells with chiller according to claim 8, is characterized in that:

When several set of cells support the use, gas conduit (12) is set on the top of housing (1), liquid conduits (13) is set in the bottom of housing (1)；The produced cooling liquid steam of coolant (7) evaporation is circulated mutually by gas conduit (12), and coolant (7) is circulated mutually by liquid conduits (13)。

10. the set of cells with chiller according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: the heat abstractor making cooling liquid steam cooled at the first half of housing (1) inner chamber or be arranged in the outside of housing (1), be arranged to the heater of heated cooling fluid (7) in the lower half of housing (1) inner chamber。