CN107718177B - Seven-axis five-link wood tenon CNC machining center and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a seven-axis five-linkage wood tenon numerical control machining center and a method thereof. The center comprises a machine body assembly, a workbench assembly, a cutter holder moving assembly, a cutter holder assembly and a pneumatic and chip removal assembly. The fuselage assembly provides the fixed stay to each assembly, and each part compact design, and small, the workstation assembly can be to various length, the timber work piece of shape carries out clamping and tool point accurate positioning, the blade holder removes two plane moving freedom degrees and two rotational freedom degrees that the assembly realized the blade holder, the three moving freedom degree of cooperation workstation assembly, realize seven five-axis linkage of course of working, the blade holder assembly is to four cutters location clamping and provide cutting rotary power, realize cutter alternate processing through the blade holder rotation, one shot forming, degree of automation is high, wherein the design of novel planer tool has been adopted, and machining quality is improved, pneumatic and chip removal assembly provides aerodynamic force and realizes the chip removal function for the organism.

Description

Seven-axis five-link wood tenon CNC machining center and method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a seven-axis five-linkage wood tenon numerical control machining center and a method thereof, in particular for processing tenons and tenon grooves of various types of wood.

Background technique

With the rising consumption concept of environmental protection and health and the continuous development of construction technology, wood with a long history has once again become a popular choice in the raw material market for furniture, housing and other products. As the most important wood tenon processing process, most manufacturers At present, it still remains at the production level of using the old-fashioned woodworking planer to process various wood tenon joints with the help of the operating experience of the master workers. The labor intensity of workers is high, the production efficiency is low, and the processing quality of tenon joints cannot be guaranteed. At the same time, some wood tenon processing CNC machine tools currently on the market generally have some problems, such as a CNC wooden house tenon machine disclosed in the patent application publication number CN10191220A, which adopts a gantry type structure, which is bulky and occupies a lot of space. It has a large area, high cost, and can only achieve a single drilling and milling function, and has poor versatility. Another example is a CNC five-axis tenon processing machine tool disclosed in the patent application publication number CN103802180A, although the automation level is relatively high and the processing range is wide. Small in size, but due to the limitation of a single workbench, it cannot process long wood, and it cannot achieve high-efficiency operation of simultaneous feeding and processing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and propose a seven-axis five-link wood tenon numerical control machining center and a method thereof.

A seven-axis five-link wood tenon CNC machining center includes a body assembly, a worktable assembly, a tool seat moving assembly, a tool seat assembly, a pneumatic and chip removal assembly, and the body assembly includes a base , column, middle slide guide rail, workbench guide rail, workbench lead screw, column lead screw, column guide rail, column bottom plate, middle slide plate lead screw, the workbench assembly includes a workbench moving mechanism, a wood clamping mechanism , Auxiliary positioning mechanism, the worktable moving mechanism includes a sliding table, a sliding table slider, a column base plate slider, a table nut, a column nut, a table drive motor, and a column drive motor, and the wood clamping mechanism includes The front worktable, the pneumatic assembly, the splint, and the rear worktable. The auxiliary positioning mechanism includes a backer and a laser distance finder. The tool seat moving assembly includes a plane moving mechanism and a double rotating shaft mechanism. The plane moving The mechanism includes the middle slide, the middle slide slider, the middle slide nut, the middle slide drive motor, the milling head seat screw, the milling head seat drive motor, the milling head seat slider, the milling head seat nut, the milling head seat guide rail , the double rotary shaft mechanism includes a milling head seat, a rotary table motor, a rotary table motor reducer, a rotary table connection assembly, a rotary table, a rotary motor for a knife seat, a reducer for a rotary motor for the knife seat, a rotary knife seat, and an encoder, The tool holder assembly includes a central double-shaft motor, a lateral single-shaft motor, a planer, and a tool shaft, and the pneumatic and chip removal assembly includes an adsorption head, a chip removal pipe, a wood chip collection box, and a pneumatic system;

The worktable assembly, the tool seat moving assembly and the body assembly are movably connected, the pneumatic and chip removal assemblies are fixedly connected to the body assembly, the tool seat assembly and the tool seat moving assembly are rotatably connected, and the base There are worktable guide rails and column guide rails connected to the upper part by bolts. The worktable lead screw and the column lead screw are connected by the bearing seat and the base. The column bottom plate and the column are fixedly connected. The bearing seat and the upper part of the column are fixedly connected, the sliding table and the sliding table slider are fixedly connected, the sliding block and the table guide rail are slidingly matched, the column bottom plate and the column bottom plate slider are fixedly connected, the column bottom plate slider and the column guide rail are slidingly matched, and the worktable The nut is fixedly connected with the bottom of the table, and the table nut is matched with the table screw, the column nut is fixed with the bottom of the column, and is matched with the column screw, the table drive motor and the table screw cooperate for transmission, the column drive motor and The column screw is matched with the transmission, the pneumatic components are movably connected to the worktable, the splint is fixed to the pneumatic components, the rear worktable has the same structure as the front worktable, the backing is fixed on the worktable, the bottom of the laser rangefinder is fixed to the column, and the middle slide The middle slide block and the middle slide nut are connected by bolts on the board, the middle slide slide block and the middle slide guide rail are movably connected, the middle slide nut and the middle slide screw are matched and connected, and the middle slide drive motor is connected with the middle slide. The sliding plate screw is connected by a coupling, the milling head seat screw and the milling head seat guide rail are bolted on the middle sliding plate, the milling head seat slider and the milling head seat nut are connected with the bolts on the milling head seat, and the milling head seat is slidable The block is movably matched with the guide rail of the milling head seat, the nut of the milling head seat is matched with the screw of the milling head seat, the driving motor of the milling head seat and the screw of the milling head seat are connected by a coupling, and the rotary table motor is fixedly installed inside the milling head seat, The rotary table motor reducer is matched with the motor, and is rotatably connected to the rotary table through the rotary table connecting component. The installation form of the rotary part of the tool seat is the same as that of the rotary table. The rotary motor of the tool seat outputs power to the rotary tool seat through the reducer, and the encoder Installed inside the milling head seat, the central dual-axis motor and the lateral single-axis motor are fixed, the upper and lower single-axis motors are vertically arranged at 90 degrees to the dual-axis motor, the tool shaft and the motor shaft are fixed, and the planer and one of the tool shafts are fixed. Installation, the suction head and the end of the chip discharge pipe are fixedly connected, the other end of the chip discharge pipe leads to the wood chip collection box, the collection box is fixed with the machine body, and the pneumatic system is fixed with the upper part of the column.

The column base plate, left and right sliding table, guide rail slider, workbench screw, column screw and other components are connected to form a three-axis movable structure. The front and rear clamping distances of the front worktable and the rear worktable can be adjusted. It is equipped with a positioning backer and a pneumatic clamping assembly mechanism. The laser distance finder is facing the processing wood. When one row of the double-row four-table is in the processing process, the other row is in the feeding process.

The middle sliding plate is arranged horizontally and horizontally, and the milling head seat and the middle sliding plate are movably connected and arranged longitudinally.

The rotary table motor is connected with the rotating shaft through the reducer, and the rotary table motor is connected with the rotary knife block through the reducer. A rotation motion can achieve any angle rotation from 0 to 180 degrees.

The tool shaft can be clamped according to the process of processing the target wood workpiece, and the dual-spindle motor can be used as the power source for the operation of the planing saw and other processes with large workloads. Both sides of the workpiece are processed, or the left and right workpieces are processed at the same time.

The planer adopts a point-contact helical cutter shaft. The cutter shaft is provided with six axial helical grooves and radially dislocated helical line distribution chip removal grooves. Helical distribution arrangement, the edge of the cutting edge on one side of the chip flute is lower than the height of the cutting edge, and the cutting edge is not parallel to the center line of the cutter shaft, forming a shear bevel angle, so that the cutting edge can achieve point contact with the wood during planing. .

The seven-axis five-link wood tenon CNC machining center and its processing method include the following steps:

Include the following steps:

1) Clamp the wood workpiece on the front workbench, the back workbench, or both at the same time with the help of the backer;

2) Start the pneumatic component, clamp the wood workpiece, and measure the distance data of the wood processing point through the laser distance finder, and feed it back to the control system. By adjusting the displacement of the column screw, the tool can find the position of the tool setting point;

3) The middle slide plate and the milling head seat realize two degrees of freedom of plane movement through the screw guide, and the rotary table and the tool seat realize two degrees of freedom of space rotation through the drive of the servo motor, so as to realize the seven-axis five-linkage processing;

4) On the tool shaft, switch the corresponding tools for sawing, planing, milling and drilling according to the processing procedure;

5) During the machining process, the adsorption head uses the air pressure difference to absorb the wood chips generated when the tool is cutting, and the wood chips enter the collection box along with the chip removal pipe;

6) After the processing is completed, the tool is retracted, the workpiece is taken out and loaded, and the working head is simultaneously moved to another row of workbenches that have been loaded for processing.

The seven-axis five-link wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention adopts a C-shaped column design, and the base, worktable, cutter, pneumatic system and other components are vertically and evenly arranged, making full use of space, reducing the volume of the body, and can The precise positioning of the tool setting point is achieved through the backing laser rangefinder. The design of the double-row four-table can realize that one row is in the processing process and the other row is in the feeding process, thereby improving work efficiency. The front and rear worktables can be matched with clamping, To realize the processing of long wood, the two moving degrees of freedom and two rotational degrees of freedom of the moving assembly of the tool seat and the moving degrees of freedom of the column of the worktable assembly and the two moving degrees of freedom of the worktable cooperate with each other, realizing seven axes and five degrees of freedom. The linkage processing method, and the central dual-spindle motor can realize the simultaneous processing of two sides or two workpieces at the same time, which broadens the processing range and improves the work flexibility, and adopts the processing technology such as planer and real-time chip removal, which greatly improves the processing quality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the fuselage assembly of the wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the left side view of the fuselage assembly of the wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a workbench assembly of a wood tenon CNC machining center according to the present invention;

5 is a front view of each mechanism of the worktable assembly of the wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the left side view of each mechanism of the worktable assembly of the wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a tool seat moving assembly of a wood tenon CNC machining center according to the present invention;

8 is a front view of each mechanism of the tool seat moving assembly of the wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

9 is a top view of each mechanism of the tool seat moving assembly of the wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

10 is a left side view of each mechanism of the tool seat moving assembly of the wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

11 is a schematic diagram of the tool seat assembly of the wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the planer of the wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

13 is a schematic diagram of the chip removal and pneumatic assembly of the wood tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

In the figure, the body assembly 1, the worktable assembly 2, the tool seat moving assembly 3, the tool seat assembly 4, the pneumatic and chip removal assembly 5, the base 11, the column 12, the middle slide rail 13, the work Table guide 14, table screw 15, column screw 16, column guide 17, column bottom plate 18, middle slide screw 19, table moving mechanism 21, wood clamping mechanism 22, auxiliary positioning mechanism 23, sliding table 211 , slide block 212, column bottom block 213, workbench nut 214, column nut 215, workbench drive motor 216, column drive motor 217, front workbench 221, pneumatic assembly 222, splint 223, rear workbench 224, Backer 231, laser range finder 232, plane moving mechanism 31, double rotation axis mechanism 32, middle slide 311, middle slide slider 312, middle slide nut 313, middle slide drive motor 314, milling head seat screw 315, milling head seat drive motor 316, milling head seat slider 317, milling head seat nut 318, milling head seat guide rail 319, milling head seat 321, rotary table motor 322, rotary table motor reducer 323, rotary table connection assembly 324 , Rotary table 325, Tool seat rotating motor 326, Tool seat rotating motor reducer 327, Rotating tool seat 328, Encoder 329, Central double axis motor 41, Side single axis motor 42, Planer 43, Tool shaft 44, Adsorption head 51. Chip removal pipeline 52, wood chip collection box 53, pneumatic system 54.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the wood tenon CNC machining center includes a body assembly 1, a worktable assembly 2, a tool seat moving assembly 3, a tool seat assembly 4, and a pneumatic and chip removal assembly 5.

The worktable assembly 2, the tool seat moving assembly 3 and the body assembly 1 are movably connected, the pneumatic and chip removal assembly 5 is fixedly connected to the body assembly 1, the tool seat assembly 4 and the tool seat moving assembly 3 Swivel connection.

The fuselage assembly 1 provides fixed support for each assembly, the worktable assembly 2 clamps and locates the tool setting points for wood workpieces of various lengths and shapes, and the tool seat moving assembly 3 realizes the two plane movements of the tool seat Degree of freedom and two rotational degrees of freedom, the tool holder assembly 4 realizes the positioning and clamping of the four tools and provides cutting rotation power, and the pneumatic and chip removal assembly 5 provides pneumatic power for the body and realizes the chip removal function.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the fuselage assembly 1 includes a base 11, a column 12, a middle slide guide 13, a worktable guide 14, a workbench screw 15, a column screw 16, a column guide 17, and a column bottom plate 18. Middle slide screw 19.

The base 11 is connected with the worktable guide rail 14 and the column guide rail 17 by bolts, the worktable lead screw 15 and the column lead screw 16 are connected with the base 11 through the bearing seat, the column bottom plate 18 and the column 12 are fixedly connected, and the middle slide guide rail 13 It is bolted to the upper part of the upright column 12 , and the middle slide screw 19 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the upright column 12 through the bearing seat.

When working, the fuselage assembly 1 mainly provides support and positioning for the fixed parts of each bearing seat, lead screw, guide rail and other moving mechanisms, and the design of the C-shaped column 16 vertically vertically Evenly arranged, the space is fully utilized, and through the reasonable weight of each assembly, the overall center of gravity falls within the stable support area.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the worktable assembly 2 includes a worktable moving mechanism 21 , a wood clamping mechanism 22 , and an auxiliary positioning mechanism 23 . As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the worktable moving mechanism 21 includes a sliding table 211 , a sliding table Slider 212, column base plate slider 213, worktable nut 214, column nut 215, worktable drive motor 216, column drive motor 217, wood clamping mechanism 22 includes front worktable 221, pneumatic components 222, splint 223, rear work The stage 224 , the auxiliary positioning mechanism 23 includes a backer 231 and a laser range finder 232 .

The sliding table 211 and the sliding table slider 212 are fixedly connected, the sliding block 212 and the table guide rail 14 are slidingly matched, the column bottom plate and the column sliding block 213 are fixedly connected, the column sliding block 213 and the column guide rail 17 are slidingly matched, the table nut 214 and the working The bottom of the table is fixedly connected, and it cooperates with the lead screw 15 of the worktable. The column nut 215 is fixed to the bottom of the column and cooperates with the lead screw 16 of the column. The drive motor 216 of the worktable and the lead screw 214 cooperate for transmission, and the drive motor 217 of the column and the lead screw 215 cooperates with transmission, the pneumatic component 222 is movably connected to the workbench 221, the splint 223 is fixed to the pneumatic component 222, the rear workbench 224 has the same structure as the front workbench 221, the backer 231 is fixed on the workbench, and the bottom of the laser range finder 232 fixed to the column.

During operation, the column bottom plate and the left and right sliding tables 211 can be driven by the lead screw for linear displacement under the guidance of the guide rail slider, so as to realize the three-axis movement of the tool and the workpiece before processing, and provide a motion basis for the tool setting operation. The cooperation of the table 221 and the rear work table 224 can realize the front and rear clamping processing of the long wood. When the wood is clamped, the wood workpiece can be initially positioned by the backer 231, and then the pneumatic component 222 works, and the plywood 223 is lowered to clamp the wood. The workpiece is then measured by the laser distance finder 232 to measure the distance data of the wood processing point, which is fed back to the control system. By adjusting the displacement of the column screw, the tool can finally accurately locate the position of the tool setting point and ensure the accuracy of the subsequent tool cutting trajectory. The design of double rows and four workbenches can realize that one row is in the processing process, and the other row is in the feeding process, thereby improving the work efficiency.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the tool seat moving assembly 3 includes a plane moving mechanism 31 and a dual-axis mechanism 32 . As shown in FIGS. 8 , 9 and 10 , the plane moving mechanism 31 includes a middle slide 311 , a middle slide Block 312, middle slide nut 313, middle slide drive motor 314, milling head seat screw 315, milling head seat drive motor 316, milling head seat slider 317, milling head seat nut 318, milling head seat guide rail 319, double The rotary shaft mechanism 32 includes a milling head seat 321 , a rotary table motor 322 , a rotary table motor reducer 323 , a rotary table connection assembly 324 , a rotary table 325 , a tool seat rotary motor 326 , a tool seat rotary motor reducer 327 , and a rotary tool seat 328 , encoder 329.

The middle slide 311 is bolted with a middle slide block 312 and a middle slide nut 313, the middle slide block 312 is movably connected with the middle slide guide rail 13, and the middle slide nut 313 cooperates with the middle slide screw 19. Connection, the middle slide drive motor 314 and the middle slide screw 19 are connected by a coupling, the milling head seat screw 315 and the milling head seat guide rail 319 are bolted on the middle slide 311, and the milling head seat 321 is bolted with a The milling head seat slider 317 and the milling head seat nut 318, the milling head seat slider 317 and the milling head seat guide rail 319 are movably matched, the milling head seat nut 318 cooperates with the milling head seat screw 315, and the milling head seat drive motor 316 and The milling head seat screw 315 is connected by a coupling, the rotary table motor 322 is fixedly installed inside the milling head seat 321, the rotary table motor reducer 323 is matched with the motor, and is rotatably connected to the rotary table 325 through the rotary table connecting assembly 324, The installation form of the rotary part of the tool seat is the same as that of the rotary table. The tool seat rotary motor 326 outputs power to the rotary tool seat 328 through the reducer 327 , and the encoder 329 is installed inside the milling head seat 321 .

During operation, the middle slide 311 drives the lead screw 19 through the motor 314 under the guiding action of the middle slide guide 13 and the slider 312, and is driven by the nut 313 to achieve precise lateral linear displacement. The movement mode of the milling head seat 321 Similar to the middle slide 311, the longitudinal precise displacement on the middle slide 311 is realized by the screw guide. These two degrees of freedom of movement enable the tool holder to reach any position on the plane, so as to achieve accurate positioning. The rotary table motor 322 passes through the reducer. 323 drives the rotary shaft to move, the rotary table connecting assembly 324 realizes the rotation of the rotary table 325, and the rotary motor 326 of the knife seat installed on the rotary table 325 can drive the rotary knife seat 328 to rotate through the reducer 327. The two rotational movements of the rotary table 325 and the tool holder 328 can realize any angle rotation from 0 to 180 degrees, so the two cooperate with each other to realize the machining of the wood workpiece at any position in the space by the tool, and the rotation angle data is fed back to the encoder 329 , Through the comparison and correction with the processing program, the rotation amount can be accurately output. The two moving degrees of freedom and two rotational degrees of freedom of the tool seat moving assembly cooperate with the moving degrees of freedom of the column of the worktable assembly and the two moving degrees of freedom of the worktable to realize the seven-axis five-linkage processing method, which widens the The processing range increases the work flexibility.

As shown in FIG. 11 , the tool holder assembly 4 includes a central dual-axis motor 41 , a lateral single-axis motor 42 , a tool shaft 44 , and a planer 43 .

The central dual-axis motor 41 and the lateral single-axis motor 42 are fixed, the upper and lower single-axis motors 42 are vertically arranged at 90 degrees to the dual-axis motor 41, the tool shaft 44 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft, and the planer 43 and one of the tool shafts 44 are fixed. Install.

When working, the tool shaft 44 can be clamped according to the process of processing the target wood workpiece. Generally, there are corresponding tools such as sawing, planing, milling, drilling, etc. The output power of the dual-spindle motor is large, and it can be used as a planing saw and other processes with large workloads. It is the power source for operation, and can realize two-sided processing of one piece through reasonable clamping and the cooperation of four worktables, or processing two workpieces on the left and right at the same time to improve work efficiency. The shaft motor 41 is small. As the most widely used planer in wood tenon processing, the planer 43 of the present invention adopts a point-contact helical cutter shaft. As shown in FIG. 12 , the cutter shaft is provided with six axial helical grooves and radially misaligned helical lines for chip removal. Grooves, the inserts are spirally arranged in the axial direction through the positioning surface on the shaft and the tool seat surface, which is helpful for the heat dissipation and chip removal of the tool shaft. The edge of the cutting edge on one side of the chip groove is lower than the height of the cutting edge. , the cutting edge is not parallel to the center line of the cutter shaft, forming a shearing beveling angle, so that the cutting edge can achieve point contact with the wood during slicing, which changes the line contact form of the previous segmented helical cutter, and the impact force at the moment of cutting can also be obtained. It is greatly reduced, and has the effect of energy saving and noise reduction.

As shown in FIG. 13 , the pneumatic and chip removal assembly 5 includes a suction head 51 , a chip removal pipeline 52 , a wood chip collection box 53 , and a pneumatic system 54 .

The suction head 51 and the end of the chip discharge pipe 52 are fixedly connected, and the other end of the chip discharge pipe leads to the wood chip collection box 53, the collection box 53 is fixed with the machine body, and the pneumatic system 54 is fixed with the upper part of the column.

When working, the suction head 51 follows the cutting tool and uses the air pressure difference to synchronously absorb the wood chips generated. The wood chips enter the collection box 53 along with the chip discharge pipe 52. The pneumatic system 54 and its accessories provide the air pressure difference and the worktable clamp required for the suction of wood chips. The aerodynamic force that tightens the workpiece also becomes a part of the counterweight to stabilize the whole structure.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a seven five linkage wood tenon numerical control machining centers of axle, its characterized in that includes fuselage assembly (1), workstation assembly (2), blade holder removal assembly (3), blade holder assembly (4), pneumatics and chip removal assembly (5), fuselage assembly (1) including base (11), stand (12), well carriage apron guide rail (13), workstation guide rail (14), workstation lead screw (15), stand lead screw (16), stand guide rail (17), stand bottom plate (18), well carriage apron lead screw (19), workstation assembly (2) including workstation moving mechanism (21), timber clamping mechanism (22), auxiliary positioning mechanism (23), workstation moving mechanism (21) including slip table (211), slip table slider (212), stand bottom plate slider (213), workstation nut (214), stand nut (215), workstation driving motor (216), Upright post driving motor (217), timber clamping mechanism (22) including preceding workstation (221), pneumatic component (222), splint (223), back workstation (224), supplementary positioning mechanism (23) including leaning on mountain (231), laser range finder (232), blade holder remove assembly (3) including plane moving mechanism (31), two pivot mechanism (32), plane moving mechanism (31) including well carriage apron (311), well carriage apron slider (312), well carriage apron nut (313), well carriage apron driving motor (314), cutter head seat lead screw (315), cutter head seat driving motor (316), cutter head seat slider (317), cutter head seat nut (318), cutter head seat guide rail (319), two pivot mechanism (32) including cutter head seat (321), revolving stage motor (322), revolving stage motor reduction gear (323), revolving stage coupling assembling (324), The wood chip cutting machine comprises a rotating table (325), a cutter holder rotating motor (326), a cutter holder rotating motor reducer (327), a rotating cutter holder (328) and an encoder (329), wherein the cutter holder assembly (4) comprises a central double-shaft motor (41), a lateral single-shaft motor (42), a planing tool (43) and a cutter shaft (44), and the pneumatic and chip removal assembly (5) comprises an adsorption head (51), a chip removal pipeline (52), a chip removal collecting box (53) and a pneumatic system (54);

the workbench assembly (2), the tool apron moving assembly (3) and the machine body assembly (1) are movably connected, the pneumatic and chip removal assembly (5) is fixedly connected on the machine body assembly (1), the tool apron assembly (4) and the tool apron moving assembly (3) are rotatably connected, a base (11) is connected with a workbench guide rail (14) and an upright guide rail (17) through bolts, a workbench lead screw (15) and an upright lead screw (16) are connected with the base (11) through a bearing seat, an upright base plate (18) is fixedly connected with an upright post (12), a middle slide carriage guide rail (13) is connected with the upper part of the upright post (12) through bolts, a middle slide carriage lead screw (19) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the upright post (12) through a bearing seat, a sliding table (211) is fixedly connected with a sliding table slider (212), the sliding table slider (212) is in sliding fit with the workbench guide rail (14), the upright base plate is fixedly connected with an upright base plate slider (213), and the upright base plate slider (213) is in sliding fit with the upright guide rail (17), the worktable nut (214) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the worktable, the worktable nut (214) is matched with the worktable screw rod (15), the upright post nut (215) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upright post and is matched with the upright post screw rod (16), the worktable driving motor (216) is matched and driven with the worktable screw rod (15), the upright post driving motor (217) is matched and driven with the upright post screw rod (16), the pneumatic component (222) is movably connected with the front worktable (221), the clamping plate (223) is fixedly connected with the pneumatic component (222), the rear worktable (224) is structurally the same as the front worktable (221), the backer (231) is fixed on the worktable, the bottom of the laser range finder (232) is fixed with the upright post, the middle slide carriage (311) is in bolted connection with the middle slide carriage slider (312) and the middle slide carriage nut (313), the middle slide carriage slider (312) is movably connected with the middle slide carriage guide rail (13), and the middle slide carriage nut (313) is in matched and connected with the middle slide carriage screw rod (19), the middle slide carriage driving motor (314) is connected with the middle slide carriage lead screw (19) through a coupler, the middle slide carriage (311) is in bolted connection with a milling head seat lead screw (315) and a milling head seat guide rail (319), the milling head seat (321) is in bolted connection with a milling head seat slider (317) and a milling head seat nut (318), the milling head seat slider (317) is movably matched with the milling head seat guide rail (319), the milling head seat nut (318) is matched with the milling head seat lead screw (315), the milling head seat driving motor (316) is connected with the milling head seat lead screw (315) through the coupler, the rotating table motor (322) is fixedly arranged in the milling head seat (321), the rotating table motor reducer (323) is matched with the motor and is rotatably connected with the rotating table (325) through the rotating table connecting component (324), the installation form of the rotating part of the cutter seat is the same as that of the rotating table, the cutter seat rotating motor (326) outputs power to the rotating cutter seat (328) through the cutter seat rotating motor reducer (327), the encoder (329) is installed inside the milling head seat (321), the central double-shaft motor (41) and the lateral single-shaft motor (42) are fixed, the upper and lower of the lateral single-shaft motor (42) are respectively and vertically arranged at 90 degrees with the central double-shaft motor (41), the cutter shaft (44) is fixedly connected with the motor shaft, the planer tool (43) is fixedly installed with one of the cutter shafts (44), the adsorption head (51) is fixedly connected with the tail end of the chip removal pipeline (52), the other end of the chip removal pipeline is communicated with the chip collecting box (53), the chip collecting box (53) is fixedly connected with the machine body, and the pneumatic system (54) is fixed with the upper part of the upright post; the three-axis movable type wood processing machine is characterized in that a three-axis movable type structure is formed by an upright column bottom plate, a left sliding table (211), a right sliding table (211), a guide rail sliding block, a workbench screw rod (15) and an upright column screw rod (16), the front clamping distance and the rear clamping distance of a front workbench (221) and a rear workbench (224) can be adjusted, a backer (231) and a pneumatic assembly (222) mechanism are arranged on a clamp, a laser range finder (232) is opposite to processed wood, and when two rows of four workbenches are in a processing procedure, the other row of four workbenches is in a feeding procedure; the middle slide carriage (311) is horizontally arranged, and the milling head seat (321) is movably connected with the middle slide carriage (311) and longitudinally arranged.

2. The numerical control machining center for the seven-axis five-linkage wood tenon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotating table motor (322) is connected with the rotating shaft through a rotating table motor reducer (323), the tool apron rotating motor (326) is connected with the rotating tool apron (328) through a tool apron rotating motor reducer (327), the rotating center lines of the two are strictly vertical, the intersection point is at the center of the tool apron rotating motor (326), and the two rotating motions of the rotating table (325) and the rotating tool apron (328) can realize any angle rotation of 0 to 180 degrees.

3. The numerical control machining center for the seven-shaft five-linkage wood tenon according to claim 1, wherein the cutter shaft (44) can clamp a cutter according to a process of machining a target wood workpiece, and the central double-shaft motor (41) is used as a power source for a process operation with a large working load, so that one-piece two-side machining or simultaneous machining of a left workpiece and a right workpiece can be realized through reasonable clamping and matching of four working tables.

4. The numerical control machining center of the seven-axis five-linkage wood tenon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planer tool (43) adopts a point contact type spiral tool shaft, six axial spiral grooves and radial staggered spiral line distribution chip grooves are formed in the tool shaft, blades are spirally distributed and arranged through an axial positioning surface and a tool apron surface in the axial direction, the groove edge of a cutting edge on one side of each chip groove is lower than the height of the cutting edge, the cutting edge is not parallel to the central line of the tool shaft, and a shearing and beveling angle is formed, so that the cutting edge and wood realize point contact when the planer tool is used for planing.

5. The machining method of the seven-axis five-linkage wood tenon numerical control machining center applied to the claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) clamping a timber workpiece on a front workbench (221), a rear workbench (224) or both in a matching way by virtue of a backrest (231);

2) starting a pneumatic assembly (222), clamping a timber workpiece, measuring distance data of a timber processing point through a laser range finder (232), feeding back the data to a control system, and realizing that a cutter is aligned to the position of a tool setting point by adjusting the displacement of a lead screw of an upright column;

3) the middle slide carriage (311) and the milling head seat (321) realize two planar moving degrees of freedom through a lead screw guide rail, and the rotary table (325) and the rotary tool holder (328) realize two spatial rotational degrees of freedom through the driving of a servo motor, so that seven-axis five-axis linkage machining is realized;

4) the cutter shaft (44) is processed by switching to sawing, planing, milling and drilling corresponding cutters according to the processing procedures;

5) in the processing process, the adsorption head (51) adsorbs the generated sawdust by using air pressure difference when a cutter cuts, and the sawdust enters the sawdust collection box (53) along with the sawdust discharge pipeline (52);

6) and after the machining is finished, retracting the cutter, taking out the workpiece and feeding, and simultaneously moving the working heads to another row of the workbench with finished feeding for machining.

Images