CN107718177A - Sevenfive axis dowel numerical control machining center and its method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a seven-axis five-link wooden tenon numerical control machining center and a method thereof. The center includes fuselage assembly, table assembly, tool seat moving assembly, tool seat assembly, pneumatic and chip removal assembly. The fuselage assembly provides fixed support for each assembly, and each component is compactly designed and small in size. The workbench assembly can clamp wood workpieces of various lengths and shapes and precisely position the tool setting points. The tool holder moving assembly Realize two degrees of freedom of planar movement and two degrees of freedom of rotation of the tool holder, and cooperate with the three degrees of freedom of movement of the worktable assembly to realize seven-axis five-linkage during the machining process. The tool holder assembly can position and clamp four tools And provide cutting rotation power, through the rotation of the tool holder to realize the tool rotation processing, one-time forming, high degree of automation, which adopts the design of a new planer, which improves the processing quality, the pneumatic and chip removal assembly provides pneumatic power for the machine body and realizes the chip removal function .

Description

Seven-axis five-link wooden tenon numerical control machining center and method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a seven-axis five-link wooden tenon numerical control machining center and a method thereof, in particular for processing tenon and tenon grooves of various types of wood.

Background technique

With the rising of environmental protection and healthy consumption concepts and the continuous development of construction technology, wood with a long history has once again become a popular choice in the raw material market for furniture, houses and other products. As the most important wood tenon processing process in wood processing, most manufacturers At present, it is still at the production level of using old-fashioned woodworking planers and using the experience of master workers to process various types of wooden tenons. The labor intensity of workers is high and the production efficiency is low, so the quality of tenon processing cannot be guaranteed. Simultaneously, there are generally some problems in some wooden tenon processing numerical control machine tools that appear on the market at present, as a kind of numerical control wooden house tenon machine disclosed in the patent application publication number CN10191220A, it has adopted the structure of gantry type, and volume is bulky, occupies an area The area is large, the cost is high, and only a single drilling and milling function can be realized, and the versatility is poor. Another example is a CNC five-axis tenon processing machine tool disclosed in the patent application publication number CN103802180A. Although the automation level is relatively high and the processing range is wide, Small in size, but due to the limitation of a single workbench, it cannot process long wood, and cannot realize high-efficiency operations of loading and processing at the same time.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and propose a seven-axis five-link wooden tenon CNC machining center and its method.

A seven-axis five-link wood tenon CNC machining center includes a fuselage assembly, a workbench assembly, a tool seat moving assembly, a tool seat assembly, a pneumatic and chip removal assembly, and the fuselage assembly includes a base , column, intermediate slide guide rail, workbench guide rail, worktable screw, column screw, column guide rail, column bottom plate, intermediate slide guide screw, and the workbench assembly includes a workbench moving mechanism and a wood clamping mechanism . Auxiliary positioning mechanism. The moving mechanism of the workbench includes a slide table, a slide block for a slide table, a slide block for a column bottom plate, a workbench nut, a column nut, a drive motor for a workbench, and a drive motor for a column. The wood clamping mechanism includes The front workbench, pneumatic components, splints, and rear workbench, the auxiliary positioning mechanism includes a backer and a laser rangefinder, the tool holder moving assembly includes a plane movement mechanism, a double rotation axis mechanism, and the plane movement The mechanism includes the intermediate slide plate, the intermediate slide plate slider, the intermediate slide plate nut, the intermediate slide plate drive motor, the milling head screw, the milling head drive motor, the milling head slide, the milling head nut, and the milling head guide rail , the dual-axis mechanism includes a milling head seat, a rotary table motor, a rotary table motor reducer, a rotary table connection assembly, a rotary table, a tool seat rotary motor, a tool seat rotary motor reducer, a rotary tool seat, and an encoder, The tool seat assembly includes a central two-axis motor, a lateral single-axis motor, a planer, and a tool shaft, and the pneumatic and chip removal assembly includes a suction head, a chip removal pipeline, a wood chip collection box, and a pneumatic system;

The workbench assembly, the tool seat moving assembly and the fuselage assembly are movably connected, the pneumatic and chip removal assemblies are fixedly connected to the machine body assembly, the tool seat assembly and the tool seat moving assembly are rotatably connected, and the base The upper part is connected with workbench guide rail and column guide rail through bolts, the worktable screw and column screw are connected through bearing seat and base, the bottom plate of the column is fixedly connected with the column, the guide rail of the middle slide plate is connected with the upper part of the column by bolts, and the screw of the middle slide plate is connected by bolts. Through the fixed connection of the bearing seat and the upper part of the column, the fixed connection of the slider and the slider of the slider, the sliding fit of the slider and the guide rail of the workbench, the fixed connection of the column bottom plate and the slider of the column bottom plate, the sliding fit of the slider of the column bottom plate and the guide rail of the column, and the workbench The nut is fixedly connected to the bottom of the workbench, and the workbench nut cooperates with the workbench screw; the column nut is fixedly connected to the bottom of the column, and cooperates with the column screw; The column screw cooperates with the transmission, the pneumatic components and the worktable are movably connected, the splint and the pneumatic components are fixedly connected, the rear workbench and the front workbench have the same structure, the backer is fixed on the workbench, the bottom of the laser range finder is fixed to the column, and the middle slide The bolts on the plate are connected with the intermediate slide slider and the intermediate slide nut, the intermediate slide slider and the intermediate slide guide rail are movably connected, the intermediate slide nut is connected with the intermediate slide screw, the intermediate slide drive motor The screw of the sliding plate is connected by a coupling. The bolt on the middle sliding plate is connected with the screw of the milling head seat and the guide rail of the milling head seat. The bolts on the milling head seat are connected with the slider of the milling head seat and the nut of the milling head seat. The block and the guide rail of the milling head seat are movably matched, the nut of the milling head seat is matched with the screw of the milling head seat, the drive motor of the milling head seat and the screw of the milling head seat are connected through a coupling, and the motor of the rotary table is fixedly installed inside the milling head seat. The reducer of the rotary table motor cooperates with the motor, and is rotatably connected with the rotary table through the rotary table connection assembly. The installation form of the rotating part of the tool seat is the same as that of the rotary table. The rotary motor of the tool seat outputs power to the rotary tool seat through the reducer, and the encoder Installed inside the milling head seat, the central two-axis motor and the lateral single-axis motor are fixed, and the upper and lower ones of the single-axis motor are vertically arranged at 90 degrees to the two-axis motor. The tool shaft and the motor shaft are fixedly connected, and the planer is fixed to one of the tool shafts. Installation, the suction head is fixedly connected to the end of the chip discharge pipe, the other end of the chip discharge pipe leads to the sawdust collection box, the collection box is connected to the machine body, and the pneumatic system is fixed to the upper part of the column.

The column bottom plate, left and right sliding tables, guide rail sliders, table screw, column screw and other components are connected to form a three-axis movable structure. The front and rear clamping distances of the front table and the rear table can be adjusted. It is equipped with a positioning backer and a pneumatic clamping component mechanism. The laser rangefinder is facing the processed wood. When one row of two rows of four workbenches is in the processing process, the other row is in the loading process.

The intermediate slide plate is horizontally arranged horizontally, and the milling head seat and the intermediate slide plate are movably connected and arranged vertically.

The motor of the rotary table is connected to the rotating shaft through a reducer, and the rotary motor of the tool seat is connected to the rotary tool seat through a reducer. A rotary motion can achieve any angle rotation from 0 to 180 degrees.

The tool shaft can be clamped according to the process of processing the target wood workpiece, and the double-spindle motor can be used as the power source for operations with heavy workload such as planing and sawing. Both sides of the workpiece can be processed, or both left and right workpieces can be processed at the same time.

The planer adopts a point-contact spiral cutter shaft. The cutter shaft is provided with six axial spiral grooves and radial dislocation spiral distribution chip removal grooves. Arranged in a spiral distribution, the edge of the cutting edge on one side of the chip flute is lower than the height of the cutting edge, and the cutting edge is not parallel to the centerline of the knife axis, forming a shearing bevel angle, so that the cutting edge and the wood can achieve point contact when planing .

The seven-axis five-link wood tenon CNC machining center and its processing method include the following steps:

Include the following steps:

1) Clamp the wooden workpiece on the front workbench, the rear workbench, or both at the same time with the help of the backer;

2) Start the pneumatic component, clamp the wood workpiece, and measure the distance data of the wood processing point through the laser range finder, and feed it back to the control system. By adjusting the displacement of the column screw, the tool can be aligned with the position of the tool setting point;

3) The middle sliding plate and the milling head seat realize two degrees of freedom of plane movement through the screw guide rail, and the rotary table and tool holder realize two degrees of freedom of rotation in space through the drive of the servo motor, thus realizing seven-axis five-linkage processing;

4) According to the processing procedure on the tool axis, switch the corresponding tools for sawing, planing, milling and drilling for processing;

5) During the processing, the adsorption head uses the air pressure difference to absorb the sawdust generated when the tool is cutting, and the sawdust enters the collection box along with the chip discharge pipe;

6) After the processing is completed, the tool is retracted, the workpiece is taken out and loaded, and the working head moves to another row of worktables that have been loaded for processing.

The seven-axis five-link wooden tenon CNC machining center of the present invention adopts a C-shaped column design, and the components such as the base, workbench, cutter, and pneumatic system are arranged vertically and evenly, which makes full use of the space and reduces the volume of the machine body. The precise positioning of the tool setting point is realized by the laser range finder on the mountain. The design of the double row and four worktables can realize that when one row is in the processing process, the other row is in the loading process, thereby improving work efficiency. The front and rear workbenches can be used for clamping. To realize the processing of long wood, the two degrees of freedom of movement and two degrees of freedom of rotation of the tool holder moving assembly cooperate with the movement degrees of freedom of the column of the workbench assembly and the two degrees of freedom of movement of the workbench, realizing a seven-axis five-axis The linkage processing method, and the central double-spindle motor can realize simultaneous processing of two sides or two workpieces, which broadens the processing range and improves work flexibility, and adopts processing technologies such as planer and real-time chip removal, which greatly improves the processing quality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of wooden tenon numerical control machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the fuselage assembly of the wooden tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the left view of the fuselage assembly of the wooden tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the workbench assembly of the wooden tenon numerical control machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a front view of each mechanism of the workbench assembly of the wooden tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a left view of each mechanism of the workbench assembly of the wooden tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the knife seat moving assembly of the wooden tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a front view of each mechanism of the knife seat moving assembly of the wooden tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a top view of each mechanism of the knife seat moving assembly of the wooden tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a left view of each mechanism of the knife seat moving assembly of the wooden tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the knife seat assembly of the tenon numerical control machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the planer of the wooden tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of chip removal and pneumatic assembly of the wooden tenon CNC machining center of the present invention;

In the figure, fuselage assembly 1, workbench assembly 2, tool seat moving assembly 3, tool seat assembly 4, pneumatic and chip removal assembly 5, base 11, column 12, intermediate slide plate guide rail 13, working Table guide rail 14, workbench screw 15, column screw 16, column guide rail 17, column bottom plate 18, middle slide plate screw 19, workbench moving mechanism 21, wood clamping mechanism 22, auxiliary positioning mechanism 23, slide table 211 , sliding table slider 212, column bottom plate slider 213, table nut 214, column nut 215, table drive motor 216, column drive motor 217, front table 221, pneumatic assembly 222, splint 223, rear table 224, Backer 231, laser range finder 232, plane moving mechanism 31, double rotating shaft mechanism 32, middle slide plate 311, middle slide plate slider 312, middle slide plate nut 313, middle slide plate drive motor 314, milling head screw 315, milling head drive motor 316, milling head slider 317, milling head nut 318, milling head guide rail 319, milling head seat 321, rotary table motor 322, rotary table motor reducer 323, rotary table connection assembly 324 , Rotary table 325, knife seat rotating motor 326, knife seat rotating motor reducer 327, rotary knife seat 328, encoder 329, central double-axis motor 41, lateral single-axis motor 42, planer 43, tool shaft 44, adsorption head 51, chip removal pipeline 52, sawdust collection box 53, pneumatic system 54.

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1, the wooden tenon CNC machining center includes a fuselage assembly 1, a workbench assembly 2, a knife seat moving assembly 3, a knife seat assembly 4, and a pneumatic and chip removal assembly 5.

The workbench assembly 2, the tool seat moving assembly 3 are movably connected to the fuselage assembly 1, the pneumatic and chip removal assembly 5 is fixedly connected to the machine body assembly 1, the tool seat assembly 4 and the tool seat moving assembly 3 rotatable connections.

The fuselage assembly 1 provides fixed support for each assembly, the workbench assembly 2 clamps and positions the tool setting points for wooden workpieces of various lengths and shapes, and the tool holder moving assembly 3 realizes the two-plane movement of the tool holder degrees of freedom and two rotational degrees of freedom, the tool holder assembly 4 realizes the positioning and clamping of four tools and provides cutting rotation power, and the pneumatic and chip removal assembly 5 provides pneumatic power for the machine body and realizes chip removal functions.

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the fuselage assembly 1 includes a base 11, a column 12, a guide rail 13 for a middle slide plate, a guide rail 14 for a workbench, a screw 15 for a workbench, a screw 16 for a column, a guide rail 17 for a column, and a bottom plate for a column 18, the guide screw 19 of the intermediate slide plate.

The base 11 is connected with the workbench guide rail 14 and the column guide rail 17 by bolts, the workbench screw 15 and the column screw 16 are connected with the base 11 through the bearing seat, the column bottom plate 18 is fixedly connected with the column 12, and the middle slide plate guide rail 13 It is connected with the upper part of the column 12 by bolts, and the intermediate sliding plate screw 19 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the column 12 by the bearing seat.

When working, the fuselage assembly 1 mainly provides support and positioning for the fixed parts of the moving mechanisms such as each bearing seat, screw, guide rail, etc., and the design of the C-shaped column 16 makes the base, workbench, tool, pneumatic system and other components vertical The uniform arrangement makes full use of the space, and through the reasonable counterweight of each assembly, the overall center of gravity falls within the stable support area.

As shown in Figure 4, the workbench assembly 2 includes a workbench moving mechanism 21, a wood clamping mechanism 22, and an auxiliary positioning mechanism 23. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the workbench moving mechanism 21 includes a slide table 211, a slide table Slider 212, column bottom plate slider 213, workbench nut 214, column nut 215, workbench drive motor 216, column drive motor 217, wood clamping mechanism 22 includes front workbench 221, pneumatic assembly 222, splint 223, rear work The platform 224 and the auxiliary positioning mechanism 23 include a backing 231 and a laser range finder 232 .

The sliding table 211 is fixedly connected with the sliding table slider 212, the sliding block 212 is slidingly matched with the workbench guide rail 14, the column bottom plate is fixedly connected with the column slider 213, the column slider 213 is slidingly matched with the column guide rail 17, and the workbench nut 214 is in contact with the working table The bottom of the table is fixedly connected with the lead screw 15 of the workbench, the column nut 215 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the column, and cooperates with the lead screw 16 of the column, the drive motor 216 of the workbench and the lead screw 214 cooperate with the transmission, and the drive motor 217 of the column and the lead screw 215 cooperates with the transmission, the pneumatic assembly 222 is movably connected to the workbench 221, the splint 223 is fixedly connected to the pneumatic assembly 222, the rear workbench 224 and the front workbench 221 have the same structure, the backer 231 is fixed on the workbench, and the bottom of the laser range finder 232 and column fixed.

When working, the bottom plate of the column and the left and right sliding tables 211 can be driven by the screw to perform linear displacement under the guidance of the guide rail slider, so as to realize the three-axis movement of the tool and workpiece before machining, and provide a movement basis for the tool setting operation. The cooperation of the table 221 and the rear workbench 224 can realize the front and rear clamping and processing of the long wood. When the wood is clamped, the wood workpiece can be initially positioned by the backing 231, and then the pneumatic component 222 works, and the wood is clamped by descending through the splint 223 The workpiece is then measured by the laser rangefinder 232 to measure the distance data of the wood processing point, which is fed back to the control system. By adjusting the displacement of the column screw, the tool can be accurately located at the position of the tool setting point to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent tool cutting trajectory. The design of double rows and four worktables can realize that when one row is in the processing process, the other row is in the loading process, thus improving work efficiency.

As shown in Figure 7, the tool seat moving assembly 3 includes a planar moving mechanism 31 and a double-rotation shaft mechanism 32, as shown in Figures 8, 9, and 10, the planar moving mechanism 31 includes a middle sliding plate 311, a middle sliding plate slide Block 312, middle sliding plate nut 313, middle sliding plate drive motor 314, milling head seat screw 315, milling head seat driving motor 316, milling head seat slide block 317, milling head seat nut 318, milling head seat guide rail 319, double The rotary shaft mechanism 32 comprises a milling head seat 321, a rotary table motor 322, a rotary table motor reducer 323, a rotary table connection assembly 324, a rotary table 325, a knife seat rotary motor 326, a knife seat rotary motor reducer 327, and a rotary tool seat 328 , Encoder 329.

Bolts on the middle slide plate 311 are connected with a middle slide plate slider 312 and a middle slide plate nut 313, the middle slide plate slider 312 is movably connected with the middle slide plate guide rail 13, and the middle slide plate nut 313 cooperates with the middle slide plate screw 19 Connection, the drive motor 314 of the middle slide plate is connected with the screw 19 of the middle slide plate through a coupling, the bolt on the middle slide plate 311 is connected with the screw 315 of the milling head seat and the guide rail 319 of the milling head seat, and the bolt on the milling head seat 321 is connected with Milling head seat slide block 317 and milling head seat nut 318, milling head seat slide block 317 and milling head seat guide rail 319 movably cooperate, milling head seat nut 318 cooperates with milling head seat screw 315, milling head seat drive motor 316 and The screw 315 of the milling head seat is connected by a coupling, the motor 322 of the rotary table is fixedly installed inside the milling head seat 321, the reducer 323 of the motor of the rotary table cooperates with the motor, and is rotatably connected with the rotary table 325 through the connecting assembly 324 of the rotary table. The installation form of the rotating part of the tool seat is the same as that of the rotary table. The tool seat rotating motor 326 outputs power to the rotary tool seat 328 through a reducer 327, and the encoder 329 is installed inside the milling head seat 321.

When working, the middle slide plate 311 is guided by the guide rail 13 of the middle slide plate and the slider 312, drives the screw 19 through the motor 314, and is driven by the nut 313 to realize accurate lateral linear displacement. The movement mode of the milling head base 321 Similar to the middle slide plate 311, the precise displacement in the longitudinal direction on the middle slide plate 311 is realized through the screw guide rail. These two degrees of freedom of movement enable the tool holder to reach any position on the plane, thereby achieving accurate positioning. The rotary table motor 322 passes through the reducer 323 drives the rotating shaft to move, and the rotary table connection assembly 324 realizes the rotation of the rotary table 325, and the knife seat rotating motor 326 installed on the rotary table 325 can drive the rotary knife seat 328 to rotate through the reducer 327 again. The two rotary motions of the rotary table 325 and the tool holder 328 can rotate at any angle from 0 to 180 degrees, so the two cooperate with each other to realize the machining of the tool at any position in the space of the wood workpiece, and the rotation angle data is fed back to the encoder 329 , through the comparison and correction with the processing program, the rotation amount can be output accurately. The two degrees of freedom of movement and two degrees of freedom of rotation of the tool holder moving assembly cooperate with the movement degrees of freedom of the column of the worktable assembly and the two degrees of freedom of movement of the worktable, realizing the seven-axis five-linkage processing method, which broadens the The processing range improves the working flexibility.

As shown in FIG. 11 , the tool seat assembly 4 includes a central two-axis motor 41 , a lateral single-axis motor 42 , a tool shaft 44 , and a planer 43 .

The central two-axis motor 41 and the lateral single-axis motor 42 are fixed, and the upper and lower ones of the single-axis motor 42 are vertically arranged at 90 degrees to the two-axis motor 41. The tool shaft 44 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft, and the planer 43 is fixed to one of the tool shafts 44. Install.

During work, tools can be clamped on the tool shaft 44 according to the process of processing target wood workpieces. Generally, there are corresponding tools such as sawing, planing, milling, and drilling. The power source of the operation, and through the reasonable clamping and the cooperation of the four worktables, one piece can be processed on both sides, or the left and right workpieces can be processed at the same time, so as to improve work efficiency. The shaft motor 41 is small. As the most widely used planer in tenon processing, the planer 43 of the present invention adopts a point-contact spiral cutter shaft, as shown in Figure 12, the cutter shaft is provided with six axial spiral grooves and radial dislocation spirals to distribute chip removal The blades are arranged in a spiral arrangement in the axial direction through the positioning surface on the shaft and the tool seat surface, which is helpful for the heat dissipation and chip removal of the cutter shaft. The edge of the cutting edge on one side of the chip flute is lower than the height of the cutting edge , the blade is not parallel to the center line of the cutter shaft, forming a shearing bevel angle, so that the blade and the wood can achieve point contact when planing, which changes the line contact form of the previous segmented spiral cutter, and the impact force at the cutting moment can also be obtained. It is greatly reduced, and it has the effect of saving energy and reducing noise.

As shown in FIG. 13 , the pneumatic and chip removal assembly 5 includes a suction head 51 , a chip removal pipe 52 , a sawdust collection box 53 , and a pneumatic system 54 .

The suction head 51 is fixedly connected to the end of the chip discharge pipe 52, and the other end of the chip discharge pipe leads to the sawdust collection box 53, the collection box 53 is connected to the machine body, and the pneumatic system 54 is fixed to the upper part of the column.

When working, the suction head 51 follows the cutting tool and utilizes the air pressure difference to absorb the sawdust synchronously. The sawdust enters the collection box 53 along with the chip discharge pipe 52. The pneumatic system 54 and its accessories provide the air pressure difference and worktable clamps required for absorbing the sawdust. The aerodynamic force of the tight workpiece also becomes a part of the counterweight to stabilize the whole structurally.

Claims (7)

1. A kind of 1. sevenfive axis dowel numerical control machining center, it is characterised in that including machine body assembly (1), workbench assembly (2), Tool rest movement assembly (3), tool rest assembly (4), pneumatic and chip removal assembly (5), described machine body assembly (1) include pedestal (11), Column (12), middle slide carriage guide rail (13), table slide (14), table lead screw (15), column leading screw (16), column guide rail (17), column bottom plate (18), middle slide carriage leading screw (19), described workbench assembly (2) include movable workbench mechanism (21), wood Expect clamp system (22), auxiliary positioning mechanism (23), described movable workbench mechanism (21) includes slide unit (211), slide unit is slided Block (212), column bottom plate sliding block (213), workbench nut (214), upright nut (215), table drive motor (216), Column motor (217), described timber clamp system (22) include front console (221), Pneumatic assembly (222), clamping plate (223), aftertable (224), described auxiliary positioning mechanism (23) includes backer (231), airborne laser range finder (232), described Tool rest movement assembly (3) include planar movement mechanism (31), Double rotation axle mechanism (32), described planar movement mechanism (31) Including middle slide carriage (311), middle slide carriage sliding block (312), middle slide carriage nut (313), middle slide carriage motor (314), milling head seat silk Thick stick (315), milling head seat motor (316), milling head seat sliding block (317), milling head seat nut (318), milling head seat guide rail (319), Described Double rotation axle mechanism (32) include milling head seat (321), turntable motor (322), turntable motor reducer (323), Turntable connection component (324), turntable (325), tool rest electric rotating machine (326), tool rest electric rotating machine decelerator (327), rotation Rotor seat (328), encoder (329), described tool rest assembly (4) include central dual-axle motor (41), lateral single shaft motor (42), planing tool (43), cutter shaft (44), described pneumatic and chip removal assembly (5) include adsorption head (51), chip removal pipeline (52), Wood chip collecting box (53), pneumatic system (54)；

   Workbench assembly (2), tool rest movement assembly (3) and machine body assembly (1) movably connect, and pneumatic and chip removal assembly (5) is connected In machine body assembly (1), tool rest assembly (4) and tool rest movement assembly (3) are rotatably connected, and pedestal is bolted on (11) There are table slide (14), column guide rail (17), table lead screw (15) and column leading screw (16) pass through bearing block and pedestal (11) connect, column bottom plate (18) and column (12) are connected, and middle slide carriage guide rail (13) connects with column (12) upper bolt, in slip Plate leading screw (19) is connected by bearing block and column (12) top, and slide unit (211) and slide unit sliding block (212) are connected, sliding block (212) Be slidably matched with table slide (14), column bottom plate and column bottom plate sliding block (213) are connected, column bottom plate sliding block (213) and Column guide rail (17) is slidably matched, and workbench nut (214) and workbench bottom are connected, and workbench nut (214) and work Platform leading screw (15) coordinates, and upright nut (215) and column bottom are connected, and coordinates with column leading screw (16), workbench driving electricity Machine (216) and table lead screw (15) coordinate transmission, and column motor (217) and column leading screw (16) coordinate transmission, pneumatically Component (222) and workbench (221) movably connect, and clamping plate (223) and Pneumatic assembly (222) are connected, aftertable (224) and before Workbench (221) structure is identical, and backer (231) is fixed, and airborne laser range finder (232) bottom and column are fixed on the table, in Bolt connection has middle slide carriage sliding block (312) and middle slide carriage nut (313), middle slide carriage sliding block (312) and middle slide carriage on slide carriage (311) Guide rail (13) movably connects, and middle slide carriage nut (313) and middle slide carriage leading screw (19) are connected, middle slide carriage motor (314) Connected with middle slide carriage leading screw (19) by shaft coupling, bolt connection has milling head seat leading screw (315) and milling head seat on middle slide carriage (311) Guide rail (319), bolt connection has milling head seat sliding block (317) and milling head seat nut (318), milling head seat sliding block on milling head seat (321) (317) movably coordinate with milling head seat guide rail (319), milling head seat nut (318) and milling head seat leading screw (315) coordinate, and milling head seat drives Dynamic motor (316) is connected with milling head seat leading screw (315) by shaft coupling, and turntable motor (322) is fixedly installed in milling head seat (321) internal, turntable motor reducer (323) and motor coordinate, and pass through turntable connection component (324) and turntable (325) it is rotatably connected, the installation form of tool rest rotating part is identical with turntable, and tool rest electric rotating machine (326) passes through deceleration Device (327) exports power and is arranged on milling head seat (321) inside, central dual-axle motor to rotary knife base (328), encoder (329) (41) and lateral single shaft motor (42) is fixed, and single shaft motor (42) each one is arranged vertically with dual-axle motor (41) into 90 degree up and down, Cutter shaft (44) and motor shaft are connected, and planing tool (43) and one of cutter shaft (44) are fixedly mounted, adsorption head (51) and chip removal Pipeline (52) end is connected, and the chip removal pipeline other end leads to wood chip collecting box (53), and collecting box (53) and body are connected, pneumatic system System (54) and column top are fixed.
2. A kind of 2. sevenfive axis dowel numerical control machining center according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described column Bottom plate, left and right slide unit (211), guide rail slide block, table lead screw (15), column leading screw (16) form three axle moveable structures, Clamp distance can adjust before and after front console (221) and aftertable (224), be provided with fixture positioning anchor (231) and Pneumatic pinch component (222) mechanism, airborne laser range finder (232) face process wood, the double row of four workbench one are in processing work During sequence, another row is in upper material process.
3. 3. a kind of sevenfive axis dowel numerical control machining center according to claim 1, it is characterised in that slipped in described Plate (311) transverse horizontal arranges that milling head seat (321) and middle slide carriage (311) are removable to be connected, in being longitudinally arranged.
4. A kind of 4. sevenfive axis dowel numerical control machining center according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described rotation Platform motor (322) passes through decelerator (327) and rotation by decelerator (323) and rotation axis connection, tool rest electric rotating machine (326) Tool rest (328) connects, both rotation centerline exact verticals, and intersection point is in electric rotating machine (326) center, turntable (325) Two rotary motions with tool rest (328) can realize 0 Arbitrary Rotation for arriving 180 degree.
5. A kind of 5. sevenfive axis dowel numerical control machining center according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described cutter Clamping cutter can be carried out on axle (44) according to the process of editing objective timber workpiece, double spindle motors (41) are as work such as planer saws The power source of the big process operations of load, it can realize that a two sides adds by the cooperation of reasonable clamping and four workbench Work, or the workpiece of left and right two are processed simultaneously.
6. A kind of 6. sevenfive axis dowel numerical control machining center according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described planing tool (43) point contact type spiral cutter shaft is employed, cutter shaft is provided with six roots of sensation axial screw spin slot and the distribution chip removal of radial misalignments helix Groove, blade carry out Spiral distribution arrangement by the locating surface on axle and tool rest face in the axial direction, and sword is cut in the side for considering groove to be worth doing Groove edge, which is less than, cuts height where sword, and blade and cutter shaft center line are not parallel, form shearing mis-cut angle, knife when making its slicing Sword realizes that point contacts with timber.
7. A kind of 7. processing method of sevenfive axis dowel numerical control machining center using described in claim 1, it is characterised in that Comprise the following steps：

   1) by timber workpiece by backer's (231) clamping front console (221), aftertable (224) or both match somebody with somebody simultaneously Attach together folder；

   2) start Pneumatic assembly (222), to timber Workpiece clamping, and by airborne laser range finder (232) measure timber processing stand away from From data, control system is fed back to, by adjusting column leading screw displacement, realizes that cutter is found accurately to knife point position；

   3) middle slide carriage (311) and milling head seat (321) realize two one-movement-freedom-degrees of plane, turntable (325) by lead screw guide rails Two, space rotational freedom is realized by servomotor driving with tool rest (328), so as to realize that sevenfive axis is processed；

   4) it is processed in cutter shaft (44) according to manufacturing procedure, switching saw, plane, milling, brill corresponding cutters；

   5) in process, adsorption head (51) is in Tool in Cutting using wood chip caused by draught head absorption, and wood chip is with row Bits pipeline (52) enters collecting box (53)；

   6) after completion of processing, withdrawing takes out workpiece and feeding, and work head is moved to the workbench that another row's feeding finishes simultaneously and entered Row processing.