JPH07241814A - Tenon working device for wooden building material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a tenoning machine, simplified in constitution and capable of working tenons on both cutting ends and lengthwise side surfaces, with a low cost. CONSTITUTION:Tables 4a, 4b, which transfer a work W into the lengthwise direction, are arranged before and after a space 3 while the tables 4a, 4b are provided respectively with clamping means Ba, Bb. A swiveling movable base 52, effecting swiveling motion in the horizontal surface, is provided at the side of the space 3 while a horizontal moving base 9, effecting control movement in the horizontal direction, and an elevating base 14, effecting controlled movement in up-and-down direction, are provided on the upper part of the swiveling base 52. A cutting head F, advancing cutters (a), (b) horizontally by the moving bases 9, 14, is provided. The direction of control movement of the horizontally moving base 9 can be switched into left-and-right direction orthogonal to the direction of control movement and fore-and-rear direction to change the direction and the direction of control movement of the cutters (a), (b).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tenon processing device for wooden construction materials, which performs tenon processing by switching between a wood mouth portion on both ends and a longitudinal side surface portion of the material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional frame construction method, it is necessary to perform various types of mortise processing on a horizontal member, a column member, etc. used as a structural material. For example, a female base and a male tenon shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 are formed on a base as a horizontal member, a wood mouth portion at both ends of a beam, and a long side surface portion. It is performed by a processing machine proposed in No. 154807 entitled "Precut processing machine".

When mortise processing is applied to both ends of the mouth of FIGS. 9 and 10, the cutter is oriented in the longitudinal direction (front-back direction).
It is necessary to move this cutter at least vertically and horizontally. Further, when performing female mortise processing on the side surface in the longitudinal direction of FIG. 11, it is necessary to orient the cutter in the left-right direction and control the cutter to move at least in the up-down direction and the front-back direction.

[0004]

In order to satisfy the above processing conditions, a conventional mortise processing machine has a turning means for diverting the direction of the cutter back and forth and left and right, and a controlled movement of the cutter back and forth, left and right and up and down. The moving means for each axis is provided, resulting in a complicated structure and an increase in size. Therefore, there is a problem that the cost is too high to be provided as a general-purpose machine.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and the tenon processing device for wooden construction materials which can be generally provided at a low cost by simplifying the structure with a rational configuration. Try to provide.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a tenon processing device according to the present invention is constructed as follows. That is, the gist thereof is that a material feeding path for transporting the processed material in the longitudinal direction is arranged at the front and the rear with a vacant space therebetween, and a clamping means is provided in each of the material feeding paths, and at the side of the vacant area. A swivel moving base that swivels in a horizontal plane is provided on one side, and a horizontal moving base that controls and moves horizontally and a vertically moving base that vertically controls and moves are provided above the swivel moving base. A cutting head having a cutter oriented in a direction is provided, and the turning movement of the turning movement base diverts the control movement direction of the horizontal movement base to the front-back direction and the left-right direction orthogonal thereto.

In addition to the above-mentioned requirements, the second invention of the tenon processing apparatus for wooden construction material according to the present invention is set so that the cutter is oriented in the left-right direction when the horizontal movement base is controlled in the front-rear direction. However, the gist is that the cutter is oriented in the front-back direction when the horizontal movement base moves in the left-right direction.

In addition to the above-mentioned requirements, a third aspect of the tenon processing apparatus for wooden building materials according to the present invention is to construct a cutting head by a turret head having a large number of radially mounted cutters, and The gist is that the mortise cutting process is performed in the forward or backward direction.

[0009]

By the turning operation of the turning movement base, the horizontal movement base can be controllably moved in the left-right direction and the front-back direction. When this horizontal movement base moves in the left-right direction, the cutting head performs left-right and up-down control movements. When the horizontal movement base moves in the front-back direction, the cutting head performs front-back and up-down control movements.

When the cutting head is controlled to move right and left and up and down, if the cutter is oriented in the front-rear direction, mortise processing can be performed on both ends of the processed material. Further, when the cutting head moves back and forth and up and down, if the cutter is oriented in the left and right direction, the tenon can be performed on the side surface in the longitudinal direction of the processed material.

When the turret head is used, it becomes easy to position the cutter at the above-mentioned front-back and left-right positions, and it is possible to quickly deal with various types of mortise processing.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the tenon processing apparatus for wooden building materials according to the present invention will be specifically described below. FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall structure, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the same. 1 is a base frame 2a and 2b are beds provided on the front side and the rear side of the base frame 1 with an appropriate space (space 3) therebetween.
a and 4b are roller-type tables arranged on the beds 2a and 2b. A material feeding path A for transporting the processed material W in the longitudinal direction is formed on the upper surfaces of the tables 4a and 4b.

Ba and Bb are clamping means for the work material W provided at both ends of the table 4a, 4b at the end of the material feeding path A. The clamping means Ba, Bb are a pair of vice pieces 5, 5 on both sides and a vice piece. A feed screw shaft 6 that centrically opens and closes 5, 5 and an operation handle 7 that rotates the feed screw shaft 6. The processed material W is centripetally clamped and fixed with the center in the width direction as a reference position.

Reference numeral 51 designates a vertical support shaft fixed to the base frame 1 at the side of the space 3 (position on the left in FIG. 2).
Is a disk-shaped swivel movement base engaged with a vertical support shaft 51 via a bearing. This swivel movement base 52 swivels in a horizontal plane. Reference numeral R denotes a swivel actuating means that swivels the swivel movement base 52 in units of 90 degrees, and has a passive gear 53 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the swivel movement base 52, a drive gear 54 meshing with the passive gear 53, and a brake for rotating the drive gear 54. Motor 5
It is composed of 5.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a horizontal guide rail disposed on the turning base 52. The guide rail 8 is moved in the left and right directions shown in FIGS.
Are switched in the front-back direction as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 9 denotes a column-shaped horizontal moving base C arranged on the guide rail 8 via a slide bearing, and C is a horizontal moving means for controlling the movement of the horizontal moving base 9 in the guide rail direction.
0, a servomotor 11 for rotating the feed screw shaft 10,
It is configured by a passive nut 12 on the side of the horizontal movement base 9 that is screwed to the feed screw shaft 10.

Reference numeral 13 is a vertical guide rail disposed on the side surface of the horizontal movement base 9 and 14 is an elevating movement base disposed on the guide rail 13 via a slide bearing.
D is an elevating and moving means for moving and controlling the elevating and moving base 14, and includes a feed screw shaft 15 in the direction of the guide rail 13, a servo motor 16 for rotationally driving the feed screw shaft 15, and the feed screw shaft 1.
It is configured by a passive nut 17 on the side of the elevating / moving base 14 that is screwed to 5. The elevating / moving base 14 is provided so as to project in the horizontal direction from the horizontally moving base 9.

Reference numeral 20 is a rotary plate E provided on the projecting end of the elevating / lowering base 14. Rotating plate E is a rotary means for rotating the rotary plate 20 in a vertical plane. Support shaft 2
1. The passive gear 22 attached to the No. 1, the rack rod 23 that meshes with the passive gear 22, and the pneumatic cylinder 24 on the side of the elevating and moving base 14 that operates the rack rod 23. The turning angle (180 degrees) of the turntable 20 is regulated by a stopper member (not shown).

A reference numeral F designates a cutting head provided on the turntable 20, which is a drive motor 26 projecting the rotary shaft 25 in both horizontal directions, a first cutter a attached to one end of the rotary shaft 25, and a second cutter a attached to the other end. The cutter b is used. The first cutter a and the second cutter b are oriented in the front-rear direction when the guide rail 8 on the turning movement base 52 is turned in the left-right direction. In FIG. 1, the first cutter a is used for the female tenon of the mouth part, and the second cutter b is used for the male tenon of the mouth part.

The above-mentioned first cutter a and second cutter b are set in opposite directions by the turning operation of the turntable 20. In addition, the guide rail 8 of the turning movement base 52
The first and second cutters a and b project in the left-right direction when is turned in the front-back direction. (See FIG. 3) One of the cutters a and b that protrudes to the right corresponds to the side surface of the processed material W. In addition, c is a third cutter for the female tenon on the side surface part, which is attached by replacing the cutter b.

Reference numeral 27 denotes a cover body in which a slide cylinder 28 is engaged with a vertical guide rail 13 so as to be able to move up and down. The free hanging operation of the cover body 27 is stopped by contact with the upper end of the vertically moving base 14. . Further, the cover body 27 forms two cover chambers 27a and 27b at the front and rear,
The first cutter a and the second cutter b (third cutter c) are respectively mantled. In the mantle position, the lower end of the cover body 27 is located slightly below the lower ends of the cutting edges of the cutters a, b, and c. Reference numeral 29 is a dust collecting port connected to the cover chambers 27a and 27b.

Reference numeral 30 designates a pneumatic cylinder 31 mounted laterally on the upper end portion of the horizontal moving base 9, reference numeral 31 is an engaging projection provided on the end portion of the piston rod, and reference numeral 32 is a receiving projection provided on the cover body 27 corresponding to the engaging projection 31. The holes hold the cover body 27 in place when the two engage. The engagement of both is performed only when the cover body 27 is at the upper end position. Each member such as the above-mentioned engaging projection 31 constitutes a retracting means G for the cover body.

LS is a limit switch attached to the ascending / descending movement base 14 via a mounting stay 33, and is a cover body 2
The detection means H for detecting the upper surface of the processed material W is constituted by a combination with the switch actuation piece 34 attached to 7.
(See FIG. 4) The detecting means H is stopped by the lowering operation of the cutting head F causing the cover body 27 to abut against the upper surface of the workpiece W, and the subsequent lowering of the cutting head F causes relative movement between the two. When it occurs, it outputs a detection signal.

The servo motor 11 of the horizontal movement base 9 and the servo motor 16 of the ascending / descending movement base 14 are drive-controlled according to a predetermined NC program based on the above detection signal. Various operation programs are prepared depending on the processing target, and are appropriately selected by a select switch (not shown) or the like. As an example, FIG.
6 is performed in the case of the male tenon processing of the mouth part, and the program operation of FIG. 7 is performed in the case of the female tenon processing of the side surface portion.

5 to 7, P1 is a cutter a,
Origin positions of b and c P2 is an output position of the detection signal P3 is a cutting position of the cutter. P1 and P2 are not constant depending on the type of tenon, the height dimension of the processed material W, etc.,
P2 to P3 are always constant. From this, the start reference point of the mortise cutting process can be set with the upper surface of the processed material W as the base point. The section from P1 to P2 is cutter a,
b and c are fast forwarded, and cutting feed is performed in the section P2 to P3 and thereafter. After cutting, the cutter is quickly returned to the original position.

Next, 35 is a horizontal guide rail 36 provided on the base frame 1 below the cavity 3 and a support frame 37 provided on the guide rail 35 via a slide bearing is a support frame 36. The roller-type relay conveyors arranged at the upper end of the relay conveyors 37 are provided on the front and rear tables 4a, 4
b is connected to form a series of material feeding paths A. The relay conveyor 37 is retracted from the space 3 by a pneumatic cylinder (not shown).

Here, the connecting structure of the lifting body 14 and the relay conveyor 37 will be described. 38 is a connecting rod established on the support frame 35. 39 is a bearing cylinder on the side of the lifting body 14 slidably engaged with the connecting rod 38. Is a stopper member fixed to the upper end of the connecting rod 38. When the stopper member 40 contacts the bearing tube 39, the relay conveyor 37 is restricted from freely hanging down. Reference numeral 41 denotes a roller type receiving member provided below the support frame 35.

Reference numeral 39 is a vertical guide provided on the support frame 36. Reference numeral 40 is an elevating plate 41a and 4 provided on the vertical guide 39.
1b is a work contact piece 4 provided at the front and rear ends of the lifting plate 40
Reference numeral 2 is a pneumatic cylinder that operates the lifting plate 40. The work contact pieces 41a and 41b move in and out of the material feeding surface of the relay conveyor 37.

The construction of the tenon processing device according to one embodiment is as described above, and tenon cutting is performed as follows.
As an example, a case will be described in which a male tenon is machined to the front end and a female tenon is machined to the rear end of the both ends of the wood mouth part, and then the female tenon is machined to the side surface part in the longitudinal direction. First of all,
Check the type and orientation of the cutter attached to the spindle head F. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the cutters are oriented forward and backward, the forward cutter is for the male tenon, and the rearward cutter is for the female tenon, so replacement is required.

In this case, the retracting means G is used to cover the cover body 2.
After holding 7 at the upper end position, the spindle head F is lowered and the rotating means E is operated in a state where they do not interfere with each other. If the setting of cutters a and b is completed by the conversion of 180 degrees,
The spindle head F is returned to the original raised position, and the retracting means G is released. This allows the cover body 27 to be freely moved up and down. If done in this way, then the workpiece W is supplied to the front table 4a, the front end is set in contact with the work regulating piece 41a, and clamped by the clamping means Ba.

In the initial stage, the cutter b is at the upper origin position (solid line position in FIG. 2) and the relay conveyor 37 is in the space 3, so that the position of the workpiece W can be set smoothly. If the work set is completed as described above,
A select switch (not shown) is used to select an operation program suitable for the male tenon of the wood mouth portion and execute the cutting process. The cutter b first moves to the origin position P1 as shown in FIG.
Is fast-forwarded to right. By this operation, when the cutter b reaches a predetermined value with respect to the centripetal position of the processed material W,
The cutter b is fast forwarded downward.

The fast-forwarding is performed by the descending operation of the elevating / lowering base 14, and the cover member 2 is in the process of descending.
The lower end of 7 contacts the upper surface of the processed material W. The contact position is the output position of the detection signal indicated by P2, and the fast-forwarding is stopped. Then, the cutting feed by the program is started with this position as the base point. A required male tenon is formed at the front end of the workpiece W by cutting feed in the left-right direction and the vertical direction.

Since the relay conveyor 37 is moved to the retracted position before machining, it does not hinder the cutting process. When the cutting process is completed, the cutting head F is quickly returned to the origin position which is the raised position. The relay conveyor 37 is set at a communicating position in the space 3 when the cutting head F moves up. When the male tenon processing for the front end is completed, the clamping means Ba is opened, and then the processed material W is supplied to the rear table 4b. The relay conveyor 37 forms a series of material feeding paths A, so that the transfer is smooth.

When the end of the workpiece W reaches the rear table 4b, the work contact piece 41b is projected onto the conveying surface,
The processed material W is returned to the front and the rear end is abutted. Then, at that position, it is clamped and fixed by the clamp means Bb. Due to the above-mentioned turning operation of the cutting head F, the backward facing cutter b is for cutting the female tenon of the wood mouth portion, so that no turning operation is required this time. Therefore, in this case, an operating program suitable for female tenon machining is selected and cutting is immediately started.

This female tenon processing is performed as shown in FIG. 5, and the downward cutting feed is started from the origin position via the rapid feed. The operations of the detecting means H, the relay conveyor 37, and the like during operation are the same as those in the above-described male tenon processing, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the case where the female tenon is processed on the side surface portion in the longitudinal direction of the processed material W will be described. For that purpose, first, the swivel movement base 52 is swung 90 degrees, and the cutter a,
Turn b to the left and right. And a pair of cutters a and b
Among them, the one facing the processed material W is replaced with the third cutter c for the female tenon. (See FIG. 3) The replacement of the cutter is performed with the cover body 27 in the retracted position, and is performed manually.

When the replacement of the cutter is completed, the relay conveyor 37 is set to the linking position and the work material W is supplied.
Positioning of the processed material W is performed using a laser marking type light ray display device (not shown), and the black line attached to the processed material W is aligned with the irradiation position of the light beam. The above-mentioned light rays indicate the center position of the cutter c in the front-rear direction. When the positioning of the processed material W is completed, it is clamped and fixed by both clamping means Ba and Bb.

After the above operation is completed, a cutting switch is executed by selecting an operation program suitable for the female tenon machining of the side surface by a select switch (not shown). The cutter c is first fast-forwarded downward as shown in FIG. This operation is performed by lowering the elevating / lowering base 14, and the lower end of the cover body 27 contacts the upper surface of the workpiece W during the lowering.

The abutting position is the detection position indicated by P2, and the fast-forwarding is stopped. Then, with this position as the base point, cutting feed by the NC program is started. The required female mortise processing is performed on the side surface portion of the processed material W by the control movement in the front-back direction and the vertical direction. When the width dimension of the processed material W is changed, it is necessary to adjust the horizontal cutting position of the cutter c accordingly. In this case, since the cutter position is fixed, the workpiece W side is moved to the left and right to deal with it.

As the above-mentioned concrete means, it is possible to adopt a construction in which both the clamping means Ba and Bb are simultaneously adjusted to the left or right, or to clamp the workpiece W via a spacer member. When the female mortise processing on the side surface portion is completed as described above, the clamping means Ba, Bb
And the processed material W is unloaded from the tables 4a and 4b. After unloading, return to the beginning and perform subsequent mortise processing in sequence while performing operations such as cutter selection, operation program selection, and work material transfer.

The cutting head F having the structure of the above-described embodiment is used.
Indicates that the rotary shaft 25 is projected in both end directions, and the number of attached cutters is limited to two. Therefore, it is inconvenient to perform two or more types of tenon processing. To solve this problem, a turret type cutting head that can be equipped with a large number of cutters and can set any cutter in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction is used. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 60 is a lifting body 6
Reference numeral 1 is a turning drive motor for the turret head 62, and 63 is a drive motor for the cutters a to f. Further, it is easy to provide a well-known automatic tool changer (ATC device), and the same operational effect is exhibited.

Further, in one embodiment, the cutting head F is rotated in a vertical plane to perform the turning operation of the cutter. However, it may rotate in a horizontal plane about the vertical axis. This horizontal plane rotation system can be easily implemented even in the turret type cutting head described above. In the case of this method, since there is no downward protrusion of the cutter at the time of conversion, there is a structural advantage that the retracted amount of the cover body 27 can be made as small as possible.

In one embodiment, the vertical movement base 14 is provided on the column-shaped horizontal movement base 9 to control the movement of the cutting head F in the horizontal and vertical directions. However, a fixed column that swivels in a horizontal plane is provided. It is also possible to dispose an elevating / moving base in the above and to equip this elevating / moving base with a horizontal moving base to control the movement of the cutting head in both directions. Even in this case, a turret type cutting head which rotates in a horizontal plane or a vertical plane can be used as described above.

Further, in one embodiment, when the mortises at both ends are processed, the work restricting piece 4 is provided on the relay conveyor 37 side.
Although 1a and 41b are provided, it is easy to design, for example, to be provided on the elevation moving base 14 side or to the beds 2a and 2b side. If a known laser marking type light beam display is used, it is possible to eliminate the mechanical contact method. The work material can also be positioned by a method of aligning the black wire attached to the work material W with the machine side, for example, the index of the clamp means.

[0044]

As described above, in the tenon processing apparatus according to the present invention, the control movement direction of the cutter is set to be switched between left and right and front and rear by turning the horizontal movement base, and the both ends of the mouth end portion and the side surface portion are set. It is compatible with both mortise processing.
For this reason, an excellent effect that the structure can be remarkably simplified as compared with the conventional one in which the bidirectional movement control means is individually provided is exhibited. Therefore, it can be provided as a general-purpose machine at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an overall configuration of a tenon processing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is likewise a front view.

FIG. 3 is likewise a front view showing a turning operation state.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a configuration of a cutting head and a cover body.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the cutter when female tenon processing is performed on the wood mouth portion.

FIG. 6 is likewise an explanatory view of the operation of the cutter in the case of performing male-direction machining on the wood mouth portion.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the cutter when the female mortise processing is performed on the side surface portion.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a configuration of a turret type cutting head.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the shape of a female tenon at the mouth end.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the shape of a male tenon in the mouth section.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a shape of a female tenon on a side surface portion.

[Explanation of Codes] 3 Space 4a Front Table 4b Rear Table A Feeding Path Ba Front Clamping Means Bb Rear Clamping Means 9 Horizontal Moving Base C Horizontal Actuating Means 14 Elevating Moving Base D Elevating Actuating Means 20 times Moving plate F Cutting head a First cutter b Second cutter c Third cutter 52 Swiveling movement base R Swiveling operation means

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A material feeding path for transporting a processed material in a longitudinal direction,
The vacant spaces are arranged at the front and rear, and the feeding means are provided with clamping means respectively, and a slewing movement base which swivels in a horizontal plane is provided at a side of the vacant space. A horizontal moving base that controls and moves in the horizontal direction and an elevating and lowering base that controls and moves in the vertical direction are provided on the upper part, and a cutting head with a cutter oriented in the horizontal direction is provided by these moving bases. A tenon processing device for wooden construction material, characterized in that a control movement direction of a horizontal movement base is changed to a front-back direction and a left-right direction orthogonal thereto by an operation. 2. When the horizontal moving base is controlled to move forward and backward, the cutter is set to face left and right, and when the horizontal moving base is controlled to move left and right, the cutter is oriented forward and backward. Item 1. Tenon processing equipment for wooden construction materials. 3. A tenon of a wooden building material according to claim 1, wherein a cutting head is constituted by a turret head to which a large number of cutters are attached in a radial pattern, and the tenon is cut in the left-right direction or the front-back direction. Processing equipment.