JPH04267104A - Cutting device for turret type woodworking machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a cutting device having simple constitution by dividing a required cutting tool by the turning operation of a turret head and controlling notch while using the top face of a working timber as a reference. CONSTITUTION:A turret head 32 with cutting tools T1-T6 is installed horizontally to a moving base 18 controlled and driven in the vertical direction by a Z-shaft servomotor. A cover body 42 covering the cutting tool at the position of dividing is droopingly supported rotatably to the moving base 18 by rails 19 in the vertical direction and a circumferential rail 38, and only a rotary motion is regulated by the engagement of a rotary operation fitting 46 on the turning body 23 side and the receiving lever 45 of the cover body 42. Detecting switches 49, 50 are fitted on the moving base 18 side and a dock 48 on the cover body 42 side, the relative displacement of both the cover body 42 and the working timber W after the cover body 42 is abutted against the top face of the working timber W is detected, and the Z-shaft servomotor is controlled by a detecting signal. A cylinder 44 for retreating movement at the time of the rotation of a turret is installed to the cover body 42.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutting device for a turret-type wood processing machine that performs various cutting operations using the upper surface of a workpiece as a reference position.

0002

[Prior art] In conventional construction methods, it is necessary to perform various types of joint processing on wood joints, and processing work has been mechanized in response to the recent shortage of skilled technicians and improvements in structural strength and processing accuracy. It's been happening. Examples of joint processing include the following. In other words, there are the seated mahozo shown in Fig. 6, the large tenon shown in Fig. 7, and the seated tenon shown in Fig. 8. It is used as appropriate depending on the purpose, such as joining floor joists.

The depth dimension of these various joints is set based on the top surface of the workpiece W. During cutting, a switch is provided to detect the top surface, and this detection signal is used as a starting point for program operation (numerical value). control). A processing machine having the above configuration is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-257002 proposed by the present inventor as a "cutting device such as a mortise machine." The structure of the present invention is as shown in the explanatory diagram of FIG. 9, and includes a spindle head 60 that is controlled and driven in the vertical direction, a cover body 62 that is disposed in a hanging manner on a guide 61 on the spindle head 60 side, and a spindle head 60 It consists of a detection means 63 that detects the amount of relative movement of the cover body 62 with respect to the object. By operating the detection means 63 at an appropriate position, the spindle head 60 is controlled and cutting processing is performed based on the upper surface of the workpiece W. It was designed to do this.

0004

The conventional machining apparatus described above has only one cutting tool 64 attached to one spindle head 60, and can perform only one type of tenon machining. Therefore, in order to handle various types of mortise machining, the tool must be replaced each time, resulting in a significant drop in work efficiency. In order to deal with the above-mentioned problems, it is easy to introduce a turret head equipped with a large number of cutting tools radially, and to index the required tools to the processing position and use them. However, in order to satisfy the functionality and simplify the configuration,
It is desired to develop a dedicated cutting device that can handle this. The present invention was made in response to the above-mentioned conventional demands, and provides a cutting device for a turret-type wood processing machine that has reasonable functions and configuration.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, a cutting device according to the present invention is constructed as follows. In other words, the gist is that a moving base is provided that is controlled and driven at least in the vertical direction by a servo motor, and a rotating body that is driven to rotate in a horizontal plane and is operated in four orthogonal directions is provided at the bottom of this moving base. In addition, a turret head is provided at the bottom of the revolving body, which is equipped with a large number of cutting tools radially, rotates in a horizontal plane, and rotatably drives the cutting tools at a predetermined index position, and the cutting tools are driven by the reversing operation of the revolving body. A processing machine configured to be set in one direction, either forward or backward or left or right, is provided with a cover body that rotates with the above-mentioned rotating body and is movable up and down with respect to the movable base, and covers the cutting tool at the indexed position at the lower end position. A detection switch is attached to the cover body and the moving base to detect the relative vertical movement of the two, and the detection signal controls the drive of the servo motor. The present invention relates to a retracting means for retracting the cutting tool from the moving path of the cutting tool.

[0006]

[Operation] The cover body is disposed in a hanging manner on the movable base. Therefore, when the movable base, ie, the cutting tool, is lowered relative to the workpiece, the cover body also descends, and the cover body comes into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece and stops. The cutting tool continues to descend without being restrained by this stop, and the two perform relative movement, activating the detection switch. By appropriately setting the detection position of this detection switch, the cutting depth can be controlled with the upper surface of the workpiece as a reference. Further, since the cover body rotates together with the revolving body, it is possible to always cover the cutting tool at the indexed position. Therefore, one cover body is sufficient. Furthermore, when the turret head turns, the cover body retreats from the turning path of the cutting tool, so that the cutting tool can be indexed without any problems.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, one embodiment of a cutting device for a turret-type wood processing machine according to the present invention will be described in detail. Figure 1
is a front view showing the overall configuration of a processing machine equipped with this device.
FIG. 2 is a side view as well, and the X direction in the figure is initially set as the left-right direction, the Y direction as the front-back direction, and the Z direction as the up-down direction.

In the figure, 1 is the base 2a and 2b
3a and 3b are a pair of clamping means provided on the mounting frames 2a and 2b, and a pair of left and right vise pieces 4, 4 that open and close centripetally.
It is composed of handle wheels 5, 5 for operating the vice pieces 4, 4, and rollers 6, 6 for receiving the lower surface of the workpiece W. The clamping means 3a, 3b are arranged at appropriate intervals in the front-rear direction, and clamp and fix the workpiece W supplied in the front-rear direction. 7 is a column established at the four corners of the base 1; 8 is a frame-shaped upper frame 9 formed by connecting the columns 7; and 10 is a left-right rail provided on the upper surface of the upper frame 8; 10 is connected to the rail 9 via a bearing. An X-axis moving base 11 is slidably arranged. Reference numeral 11 is a feed screw shaft related to the X-axis moving base 10. Reference numeral 12 is an X-axis servo motor that controls and drives the feed screw shaft 11.

Next, reference numeral 13 denotes a longitudinal rail provided on the top of the X-axis moving base 10. Reference numeral 14 denotes a Y-axis moving base slidably disposed on the rail 13 via a bearing.
15 is a feed screw shaft related to the Y-axis moving base 14.
6 is a Y-axis servo motor 1 that controls and drives the feed screw shaft 15
7 is a vertical bearing attached to the inside of the Y-axis moving base 14; 18 is a rail 19 attached to the bearing 17;
20 is a feed screw shaft related to the Z-axis movement base 18 21 is a Z-axis servo motor that controls and drives the feed screw shaft 20 22
is a balance cylinder for the Z-axis moving base 18.

The various members disposed at the bottom of the movable base 18 will be explained with reference to FIGS. Revolving Body The above-mentioned revolving body 23 is configured to rotate up and down, that is, around a vertical axis. 25
26 is a pinion that meshes with the gear 25, and is fixed to the output shaft of a turning motor 27 provided on the Z-axis moving base 18. Reference numeral 28 denotes four receiving holes provided on the peripheral surface of the gear 25, and the receiving holes 28 are arranged at equal pitches (in units of 90°) on the same circumference. 29 is a positioning cylinder disposed downward at the lower end of the Z-axis moving base 18, and a fitting pin 30 to be inserted into the receiving hole 28 is provided at the end of the piston rod.

31 is a gear box provided at the bottom of the revolving body 23; 32 is a turret head provided at the lower end of the gear box 31 so as to rotate around a vertical axis; 6) spindle heads 33 are provided protrudingly, and various cutting tools T1 to T6 are attached to these heads 33 via chucks. Reference numeral 34 denotes an indexing motor 35 for rotating the turret head 30 at a predetermined rotation angle (in units of 60 degrees in the embodiment) for driving the cutting tool through gear means (not shown) in the gear box 31. It's a motor. The cutting tools T1 to T6 described above are rotationally driven only at predetermined index positions, and the cutting tools at this position rotate in the front-back direction or Set to either left or right. Incidentally, in the illustrated example, the indexing position is on the opposite side to the mounting position of the drive motor 35.

Next, the configuration of the main part of the present invention will be explained. Reference numeral 36 denotes a mounting plate 36 that engages a bearing 37 with the rail 19 of the Z-axis moving base 18 and is movable up and down.
38 is a ring-shaped circumferential rail attached to the lower surface of the mounting plate 36. The above-mentioned circumferential rail 38 is a contact step provided on the upper surface of the rotating body 23 to restrict the lowering limit of the mounting plate 36. are arranged around the same vertical line. 39 is a mounting base rotatably arranged by guide rollers 40, 40 engaged with the circumferential rail 38; 41 is a horizontal rail in the tool radial direction arranged on the lower surface of the mounting base 39; 42 is provided on the upper surface. The cover body 44 is movable in the rail direction by a bearing 43, which sets the cover body 42 in the cutting tool covering position when the piston rod is retracted, and sets the cover body 42 in the outer retracted position when the piston rod is extended. This is a cylinder for evacuation movement installed in the rail direction so as to be set to .

Reference numeral 45 denotes a rotary operation fitting provided vertically inside the mounting base 39. A receiving rod 46 is a rotary operation fitting into which the receiving rod 45 is slidably fitted, and is fixed to the outer end of the revolving body 23. With the above configuration, both the rotating body 23 and the cover body 42 are restrained in the rotating direction and maintain a free relationship in the vertical direction. 48 is a dock disposed inside the cover body 42; 49 is a first detection switch provided on the gear head 31 side corresponding to the dock 48; and 50 is a second detection switch. When the Z-axis moving base 18 is controlled and driven downward,
The cover body 42 has its abutting end 42a abutted against the upper surface of the workpiece W and is stopped at that position. At this time, the first detection switch 49 operates. Then, as the control drive continues, only the spindle head 33 descends, and then the second detection switch 50 operates. The detection position of this second detection switch 50 is set at a position where the center of the cutting tool coincides with the upper surface of the workpiece W.

Next, in FIG. 2, reference numeral 51 denotes the clamping means 3.
A stopper ruler 52, which is provided close to a and 3b and abuts against the tip of the workpiece W to determine the attachment position, is a cylinder for ejecting and retracting operation related to the stopper ruler 51. Incidentally, a scale (not shown) for positioning the markings marked on the workpiece W is provided at a suitable position on the vise piece 4, if necessary.

The structure of the turret type wood processing machine according to one embodiment is as described above, and it operates as follows to cut a joint. For example, when machining a female tenon in the joint shown in FIG. 6, the clamping means 3b at the rear is used, and the end of the workpiece W is fed into contact with the stopper ruler 51 as shown in FIG. Then, by operating the handle wheel 5, the vise piece 4,
4 to clamp it centripetally. The stopper ruler 51 is retracted downward after being clamped. Next, the indexing motor 34 is driven on the processing head side, and the required cutting tool T1 is rotated to the indexing position. In this case, on the cover body 42 side, the retraction movement cylinder 44 is actuated in advance to move the cover body 42 outward as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. put. This eliminates interference when the turret head 32 rotates.

When the indexing operation of the cutting tools T1 to T6 is completed, the cylinder 44 is operated in the opposite direction to cover the set cutting tool T1 with the cover body 42. Here, the set cutting tool T1 faces backward and the workpiece W
If it corresponds to the tip, leave it as is. However, when facing in other left and right directions or forward, the fitting pin 30 is inserted into the receiving hole 28.
The turning motor 27 is operated so that the turning body 23 controls the direction of the cutting tool T1. When the revolving body 23 rotates, the rotation operating fitting 46 engages with the holder 45 and turns the cover body 42 together. Therefore, the state of coverage of the cover body 42 with respect to the required cutting tool T1 remains unchanged.

Next, the X-axis servo motor 12 and the Y-axis servo motor 16 are controlled and driven to align the cutting tool T1 with the center of the workpiece W in the width direction, and further set the cutting position in the longitudinal direction. Then, the Z-axis servo motor 21 moves the moving frame 18 downward in rapid motion. moving frame 1
8, the cutting tool T1 and the cover body 42 move downward together. During the descent, the contact end 42a of the cover body 42 first comes into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece W and stops. By stopping the cover body 42, the upper surface of the cut portion is tightly covered. On the other hand, the downward movement of the cutting tool T1 proceeds without being restricted by the movement of the cover body 42 described above. Therefore, this relative movement causes the first detection switch 49 to operate and output a detection signal. As a result, the Z-axis servo motor 21 is controlled, and the previous rapid downward movement is switched to low-speed cutting feed.

When the center of the cutting tool T1 reaches the upper surface of the workpiece W due to further downward movement, the second detection switch 50 is activated and outputs a detection signal. Then, using this output signal as a starting point, the downward feed amount from there is numerically set. In other words, the signal starts the NC program operation. Note that the cutting part is cut when the cover body 42 is at the stop position.
The work environment is maintained in a healthy manner because the discharged chips do not scatter to the outside. Furthermore, safety is maintained even in the unlikely event that the tool breaks. After finishing the cutting process according to the program, the Z-axis servo motor 21 raises the cutting tool T1 to release it from the cutting part, and then the cover body 42 is pulled up.

Although the above example describes female tenon machining, the required cutting tool is determined and set, and after the detection signal from the second detection switch 50, the cutting tool is subjected to a U-shaped program controlled movement. If given, the male tenon processing shown in the joints of FIGS. 6 to 8 can be performed. In addition, when performing female tenon machining as shown in Fig. 7 on the intermediate side surface of the workpiece W, the workpiece W is supplied across both clamping means 3a and 3b, and the mounting position is set using a marking. do. Next, the indexing motor 27 selects a cutting tool, and the turning motor 34 sets the tool T4 to the right. (See FIG. 1) Then, the center position of the cutting tool T4 is set by controlling the X-axis servo motor 12 and the Y-axis servo motor 16, respectively. After this, the cutting tool T4 is moved downward by the Z-axis servo motor 21. In this case, the cutting speed is
The starting point of the tool path is managed by the detection switches 49 and 50 with the top surface as a reference in the same manner as described above.

[0020] Once the machining of one side of the intermediate side is completed,
The rotating motor 27 rotates the rotating body 23 by 180° to set the cutting tool T4 to the left. Then, the turret head 32 is moved and set to the right side of the workpiece W by the X-axis servo motor 12, and the cutting tool T4 is lowered to perform cutting. By doing so, the required female tenon processing can be performed on both sides of the workpiece W.

In one embodiment described above, the turret head 32
Although the number of tools has been described as six, a larger number may be used depending on interference in the machining area, space occupied by the cover body 42, etc. Furthermore, although the cover body 42 is moved outward in the horizontal direction in order to escape from the turning path of the cutting tool, it may be configured to move upward in the vertical direction. Furthermore, a horizontal pivot may be provided at the upper end, and the retracting movement may be performed by rotational movement.

It goes without saying that the detection switch for controlling the cutting depth of the workpiece W is not limited to the limit switch, but may be any other non-contact type detection switch. Note that, as in the embodiment, the distance between the first detection switch 49 and the second detection switch 50 is set to match the center distance between the abutting end 42a of the cover body 42 in the hanging position and the cutting tool. It is. Therefore, since this value is constant, it is not necessary to install two detection switches, and the NC program is configured to start after a predetermined pulse count or after a predetermined time using the detection signal of the first detection switch 49 as a starting point. It's okay.

[0023]

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the cutting device according to the present invention has
The hanging cover body is designed to rotate together with the revolving body. Therefore, one cover body can accommodate all the cutting tools at the indexed position. Moreover, since the detection switch is operated using this cover body, only one system of this switch mechanism is required, and the configuration can be simplified. Furthermore, since the turret head is moved out of the movement path of the tool when the turret head is rotated, an excellent effect is achieved in that the indexing operation can be performed without any hindrance when a plurality of cutting tools are used.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially vertical front view of a turret-type wood processing machine equipped with a cutting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view as well.

FIG. 3 is a partially longitudinal side view showing the configuration of essential parts of the cutting device.

FIG. 4 is a partially cross-sectional plan view.

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the turret head showing the state in which the cutting tool is attached.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a hip joint.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a joint with large opening.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a joint with a seat.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a conventional tenon cutting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

3a Clamp means 3b Clamping means 4 Vise piece 10 X-axis moving base 12 X-axis servo motor 14 Y-axis moving base 16 Y-axis servo motor 18 Z-axis moving base 21 Z-axis servo motor 23　　　　Swivel body 27 Swivel motor 28 Receiving hole 29 Positioning cylinder 30 Fitting pin 32 Turret head 33 Spindle head 34 Indexing motor 35 Drive motor 38 Circumferential rail 39 Mounting base 39a Contact step part 42 Cover body 42a Contact end 44 Cylinder for evacuation movement 45 Acceptance 46 Rotating operation fitting 48 Dock 49 First detection switch 50 Second detection switch W Processed material T1~T6 Cutting tool

Claims (1)

[Claims] A moving base that is controlled and driven at least in the vertical direction by a servo motor is provided, and a rotating body that is driven to rotate in a horizontal plane and is operated in four orthogonal directions is provided at the bottom of the moving base, and a rotating base that is controlled and driven in at least the vertical direction by a servo motor. A turret head is provided that rotates on a horizontal plane with a large number of cutting tools radially arranged on it, and rotates the cutting tools at a predetermined indexed position.
In a processing machine in which the cutting tool is set in one direction, either forward or backward or left or right by the reversing action of the revolving body, the cutting tool rotates together with the revolving body and is movable up and down with respect to the movable base, and is set at the lower end position. A cover body is provided to cover the cutting tool at the indexed position, and a detection switch is attached to the cover body and the moving base to detect relative vertical movement between the two, and the drive of the servo motor is controlled by the detection signal. A cutting device for a turret-type wood processing machine, characterized in that the body is associated with a retracting means for retracting the cover body from a moving path of a cutting tool when the turret head is driven to rotate.