JPH09239704A - Tenoning device for wooden building material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low-cost tenoning device by rationalizing the structural design of the tenoning device for tenoning both end cross section parts and a longitudinal lateral face part. SOLUTION: Clamping means Ba, Bb for fastening a work with clamps in the longitudinal direction are arranged depthwise across a space 3. In addition, an upright guide 14 is provided alongside the space 3, and further, a lifting body 15 witch is transferred under control in the vertical direction, is arranged on the upright guide 14. The lifting body 15 is equipped with a rotor 20 which is rotated on the plane and a horizontally mobile body 22 which is transferred under control in the horizontal direction and is supported by the rotor 20. The horizontally mobile body 22 is orthogonal with the controlled transfer direction described above, and also is equipped with a descending cutting head F with horizontally projecting cutters 28a(28a, 28c).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tenon processing device for wooden construction materials, which performs tenon processing on both ends of a processed material and longitudinal side portions.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional frame construction method, it is necessary to perform various mortise processes on a horizontal member, a column member and the like used as a structural material. For example, the joint as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.
Further, the longitudinal side surface portion is subjected to the joint processing (mortise processing) of FIG. 11, and these tenon processing is disclosed in JP-A-5-154.
This is done by a processing machine proposed in No. 807 as a "pre-cut processing machine".

When performing mortise processing on both ends of the mouth of FIGS. 9 and 10, it is necessary to orient the cutter in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction) and simultaneously move the cutter at least vertically and horizontally. Further, when performing mortise processing on the side surface in the longitudinal direction of FIG. 11, it is necessary to orient the cutter in the left-right direction and simultaneously control and move the cutter in at least the up-down direction and the front-rear direction.

[0004]

In order to satisfy the above-mentioned processing conditions, a conventional tenon machine comprises a turning means for turning the direction of the cutter back and forth, left and right, and a three-axis for turning the cutter back and forth, left and right and up and down. It is provided with a movement control means for controlling and moving in the direction. This makes the overall configuration complex and large,
There is a problem that the cost is too high to be provided as a general-purpose machine.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and provides a mortise processing device for a wooden construction material which can be manufactured at a low cost by simplifying the structure with a rational configuration. It is the one to be provided.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the mortise processing apparatus according to the present invention is constructed as follows, and its gist is as follows.

That is, in the tenon processing apparatus of the present invention, the clamping means for clamping the material to be machined in the longitudinal direction are arranged at the front and rear of the space, and the standing guide is provided at the side of the space. A vertical guide is provided with an elevating body that is controlled to move in the vertical direction. The elevating body is provided with a revolving body that rotates in a horizontal plane, and a horizontal moving body that is supported by the revolving body and that moves horizontally in a controlled manner. A cutting head is provided which is orthogonal to the control movement direction and projects the cutter in the horizontal direction, and the control movement direction of the horizontal movement body and the orientation of the cutter are switched by the turning operation of the revolving body. Use as a summary.

A second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the tenon processing apparatus of the first aspect, the front and rear clamping means are arranged so as to be movable in the left and right direction orthogonal to the front and rear direction.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the tenon processing apparatus according to the first aspect, the rotational center position of the revolving unit and the position of the cutter provided on the cutting head are arranged close to each other in the vertical axis direction. I am trying.

[0010]

By rotating the revolving unit, the direction of the cutter and the horizontal moving direction of the cutter by the horizontal moving unit can be simultaneously changed. That is, when the cutter is oriented forward and backward, the control movement direction of the cutter is the left-right direction, and when the cutter is oriented left and right, the control movement direction of the cutter is the front-back direction. In the former case, the cutter can be controlled to move in the biaxial directions of left and right and up and down to perform mortise processing. In the latter case, the mortise processing can be performed by moving the cutter in the biaxial directions of front and rear and top and bottom.

In the tenon machine according to the second aspect of the present invention, the mounting position of the workpiece by the clamping means can be adjusted in the left-right direction, and it is possible to cope with the fluctuation of the cutter position due to the rotation of the revolving structure. .

In the tenon processing device according to the third aspect, the position of the cutter does not largely change even when the revolving unit is rotated to turn the cutter. Therefore, it is not necessary to adjust the position of the clamp means unlike the second aspect.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the tenon processing apparatus for wooden building materials according to the present invention will be specifically described below. FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall structure, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same. Note that the left-right direction in FIG. 1 (the up-down direction in FIG. 2) is defined as the front-back direction, and the front-back direction of the page is defined as the left-right direction.

In the figure, 1 is a base 2a, 2b are base frames 4 and 4 provided on the front side and the rear side of the base 1 with an appropriate space (space 3) therebetween, 4 are base frames 2a,
Left and right slide guides 5a provided at the top of 2b,
5b is a slide base movably disposed on the slide guides 4, 4.

Reference numerals 6a and 6b are roller type tables provided on the upper surfaces of the slide bases 5a and 5b.
b is disposed with the space 3 therebetween, and guides and transfers the workpiece W in the longitudinal direction. Ba and Bb are clamping means for clamping and fixing the workpiece W.
a, Bb are provided with a pair of vice pieces 8, 8 on both sides which open and close in a centripetal manner, and operating handles 9, 9 for the pair. The clamping means Ba and Bb have a known function of adjusting the work material W left and right while the work material W is clamped and fixed.

Numerals 10 and 10 are first stoppers 11 for positioning the slide bases 5a, 5b at one (left) slide end, and second stoppers 12 and 12 are for positioning at the other (right) slide end. A set screw for fixing the slide bases 5a, 5b.

Reference numeral 13 is a vertical column that is set up on the base 1 at the side of the void 3 (right side position in FIG. 2).
The vertical guide 15 provided on the vertical guide 15 is provided on the vertical guide 14 so as to be movable up and down. The vertical body 15 includes a vertical base 15a engaged with the vertical guide 14 and a beam 15b projecting from the vertical base 15a. C is an elevating feed means for controlling and moving the elevating body 15 in the vertical direction.
6. Feed screw shaft 1 driven by servo motor 16
7. The passive nut 18 of the lifting base 15a screwed to the feed screw shaft 17 is used.

Reference numeral 19 is a vertical support shaft attached to the tip of the beam 15b. Reference numeral 20 is a revolving body D having a flat rectangular shape provided at the lower end of the support shaft 19. Rotation of a revolving body 20 provided in connection with the support shaft 19. The rotating means D is constituted by a rotary cylinder or the like, and rotates the revolving unit 20 in units of 90 degrees.

Reference numeral 21 is a horizontal guide 22 provided at the lower portion of the revolving structure 20. Beam-shaped horizontal moving body 22 is movably arranged on the horizontal guide 21. The horizontal moving body 22 is rotated by the revolving structure 20 in a horizontal plane. The direction is changed to the front-back direction (FIG. 3) and the left-right direction (FIG. 1). In FIG. 3, reference symbol E denotes a horizontal feed means for controlling and moving the horizontal moving body 22. The horizontal feed means is constituted by a servo motor 23, a feed screw shaft 24, and a passive nut 25.

F is a cutting head fixedly provided on the lower portion of the horizontal moving body 22. This cutting head F is composed of a drive motor 26 and a cutter 28a (28b, 28c) attached to a rotating shaft via a chuck 27. Is what
The cutter 2 is placed in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the horizontal moving body 22.
8a (28b, 28c) is projected. Above cutter 2
8a (28b, 28c) is selected and attached according to the tenon shape to be processed.

29, 29 are stays 29 on the horizontal moving body 21.
The vertical guide rod 30 mounted via a is a cover body which is movable up and down by engaging the slide cylinders 31 and 31 with the guide rods 29 and 29. The cover body 30 is always attached to the lower end of the guide rod due to its weight. And hang down the cutter 28a (28b, 28c). 32 is a dust outlet provided in the cover body 30.

Next, in FIG. 5, LS indicates the mounting stay 33.
The limit switch 34 attached to the horizontal moving body 22 via the switch operating piece attached to the cover body 30 side constitutes a detecting means H for detecting the upper surface of the workpiece W by the switch operating piece 34 and the limit switch LS. .
This detecting means H detects when the cover body 30 comes into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece W and stops by the lowering operation of the cutting head F, and when the lowering of the cutting head F causes relative movement between the two. Output a signal.

The servomotor 23 of the horizontal moving body 22 and the servomotor 1 of the
6 is driven and controlled according to a predetermined NC program.
The operation program is prepared in various ways depending on the processing object, and is appropriately selected by a select switch (not shown) or the like. As an example, in the case of female mortise processing of the wood mouth part, FIG.
In the case of machining the male tenon of the wood mouth portion, the program operation of FIG. 7 is performed, and in the case of the female tenon processing of the side portion, the program operation of FIG.

6 to 8, P1 is a cutter 28.
The origin position P2 of a (28b, 28c) is the output position of the detection signal, and P3 is the cutting position of the cutter. P1 and P2
Is not constant depending on the type of tenon, the height of the workpiece W, etc., but P2 to P3 are always constant. From this, it is possible to set the start reference point of the tenon cutting with the upper surface of the workpiece W as a base point. In the section between P1 and P2, the cutter 28a (28b, 28c) is fast-forwarded, and
Cutting feed is performed in the section of P3 and thereafter. After the end of cutting, the cutter is quickly returned to the home position.

Reference numeral 35 denotes a left-right guide rail disposed on the base 1 below the empty space 3.
5 is a frame member 37 movably disposed on the upper surface of the frame member 36.
Is a pneumatic cylinder connected to the frame member 36, and switches between a position where the transport roller 37 is connected to the front and rear roller tables 6a and 6b and a position where it is retracted therefrom.

Ga and Gb are stopper means for regulating the feeding position of the workpiece W. The stopper means Ga, Gb
Are contact pieces 40a, 40 with the contact surfaces facing forward and rearward.
b, arm members 41a and 41b for supporting them, and a pneumatic cylinder 4 for rotating the arm members 41a and 41b
2, 42. Arm members 41a, 41b
The contact pieces 40a and 40b are set to a position facing the transfer surface of the transport roller 37 and a retracted position by the rotation of.

The construction of the tenon processing device according to one embodiment is as described above, and tenon cutting is performed as follows.
As an example, a case will be described in which a male tenon is machined to the front end and a tenon to the rear end, and then a tenon is machined to the side in the longitudinal direction.

First, the type and direction of the cutter attached to the cutting head F are confirmed. In the case of male tenon processing on the front end, a cutter 28b suitable for it is selected and attached. Then, the direction of the cutter 28b is turned forward as indicated by the imaginary line in FIG. The turning operation of the cutting head F is performed by operating the rotating means D by an operation switch (not shown).

Also, at least the front clamping means Ba
Is fixed to the other moving end as shown in FIG. 1 and corresponds to the protruding position of the cutter 28b. Although not shown, the transport roller 37 is moved to be connected to the roller type table 6a that has moved together with the clamping means Ba. In this case,
The abutting piece 40a of the stopper means Ga is set to the protruding position.

When the setting of each part is completed as described above, the work material W is supplied onto the roller type table 6a, and then the work material W is advanced until its tip hits the contact piece 40a. Then, the clamp means Ba is operated in the contact state to clamp the workpiece W centripetally. After the fixing, the contact piece 40a is retracted from the transport surface, and the transport roller 37 is further retracted from the empty space 3 to the position shown in FIG.

When the setting of the work material W is completed in this way, an operation program suitable for male tenon machining of the wood mouth portion is selected by a selection switch (not shown), and cutting work is executed. The cutter 28b is controlled to move in two directions, up and down and left and right. First, as shown in FIG. When it reaches, it is fast-forwarded downward.

The fast-forwarding is performed by the lowering operation of the elevating base 15a, and the cover body 30 is in the middle of the lowering operation.
Abuts on the upper surface of the workpiece W. This contact position is P
This is the output position of the detection signal indicated by 2 and the fast-forward stops. Then, the cutting feed by the program is started with this position as a base point. The cutting feed is given vertically and horizontally, and a male tenon shown in FIG.

During the processing, since the transport rollers 37 and the like are retracted from the empty space 3 in advance, no trouble occurs. When the processing is completed, the cutter 28b moves up and is quickly returned to the origin position P1. Transport roller 37 above
Moves to the communication position in the empty space 3 when the return of the cutter is completed. The workpiece W can be taken out by releasing the clamp.

A case where the rear end processing is performed subsequent to the front end processing will be described. At this time, the rear clamping means Bb is moved to one end as shown in FIG.
Is turned backward as indicated by the solid line in FIG. Then, the work material W at the front side position is supplied to the rear side via the transport roller 37. After the supply, the rearward contact piece 40b is projected to the conveying surface to determine the rear end position of the work material W, and the clamping means Bb.
Fix with.

When the setting of the workpiece W is completed, the transport roller 37 is retracted, an operation program suitable for female tenon machining is selected, and cutting is started. This female mortise processing is performed as shown in FIG.
A downward cutting feed is performed from 1 via fast feed.
The operation of the detecting means H and the like during operation is the same as in the case of the above-mentioned male tenon processing, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Next, a description will be given of a case where a female tenon is formed on the side surface of the work material W in the longitudinal direction. First, the cutting head F is turned to the left (see FIGS. 3 and 4), and the cutter is replaced with one suitable for tenoning. When the cutter replacement is completed, the front and rear clamp means Ba and Bb are set to be closer to one moving end, and the transport roller 37 is linked with both clamp means Ba and Bb.

The above-mentioned relay position is a retreat position when processing both ends of the mouth. Stopper means G
a and Gb are retracted from the upper surface of the transport roller 37. When the setting of each part is completed in this way, the work material W is supplied onto both roller type tables 6a and 6b and the transport roller 37.

The positioning of the workpiece W is performed by the cutting head F
It is assumed that the laser marking device (not shown) disposed on the upper side of FIG. The workpiece W after setting is clamped and fixed by clamping means Ba and Bb. The transport roller 37 supports a part of the bottom surface of the processed material W instead of the entire surface thereof, and does not interfere with the cutter 28c during processing.

After the above operations are completed, a select switch (not shown) is used to select an operation program suitable for machining the female tenon of the side surface, and the cutting process is executed. The cutter 28c is controlled to move in two axial directions, up and down and back and forth, and is first fast-forwarded downward from the origin position P1 as shown in FIG. During this operation, the lower end of the cover body 30 contacts the upper surface of the processed material W.

The above-mentioned contact position is a detection position indicated by P2, and fast-forwarding is stopped. Then, cutting feed by the NC program is started with this position as a base point. The required female tenon processing is performed on the side surface of the workpiece W by the control movement in the front-back and up-down directions.

When the width dimension (horizontal dimension) of the processed material W is changed in the above, the cutter 28 is correspondingly changed.
It is necessary to adjust the position of c in the left-right direction. This adjustment can be performed by a well-known method such as adjustment of the amount of the cutter 27c coming into and out of the chuck 27, adjustment of the positions of the front and rear clamp means Ba and Bb, and insertion of a spacer between the clamp means Ba and Bb.

As described above, when the female tenon processing on the side surface is completed, the clamping means Ba, Bb is released and the workpiece W is carried out from the tables 6a, 6b. After unloading, the process returns to the beginning, and successively mortises subsequent ones while performing operations such as selection of a cutter, selection of an operation program, and setting of a work material.

The cutting head F of the above-described embodiment is used.
Has a rotation shaft protruding only to one side, but it can be configured by one having both ends or radial rotation shafts. In this case, the turning operation and the changing operation of the cutter can be reduced as much as possible, so that an efficient tenoning operation can be performed.

In one embodiment, the clamping means Ba, B
Although b is moved and adjusted in the left and right directions to switch between machining of the wood mouth portion and machining of the side surface portion, the cutting head F
The positions may be changed in the same direction to support both processes. Further, in one embodiment, the rotational center position of the cutting head and the position of the cutter are largely displaced in the vertical axis direction, but they can be arranged close to each other. By doing so, it is possible to eliminate the lateral position correction operation of the workpiece W or the cutter.

[0045]

As described above, in the tenon processing apparatus according to the present invention, the direction of the cutter and its control movement direction are simultaneously changed by turning the horizontal moving body, and the tenons at both ends of the mouth and the side surface portion are changed. It corresponds to processing. For this reason, an excellent effect that the configuration can be significantly simplified as compared with the conventional case in which the movement control means in the left, right, front and rear directions is separately provided. Therefore, it can be provided as a general-purpose machine at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an entire configuration of a tenon processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a part of the same.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the cutting head by turning operation.

FIG. 4 is also a plan view.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing an attached state of the cutting head and a cover body.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a control operation in the case of performing tenoning to a front edge of a front end;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a control operation in a case where a male tenon is formed in a rear end of a mouth;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a control operation when performing female mortise processing on a side surface portion.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the shape of a female tenon at the tip end.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the shape of a male tenon at a wood opening.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the shape of a female tenon on a side surface.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Empty space 5a Slide base 5b Slide base Ba Clamping means Bb Clamping means 13 Column 14 Standing guide 15 Elevating body C Elevating and feeding means 20 Revolving body D Rotating means 22 Horizontal moving body E Horizontal feeding means F Cutting head 28a Cutter 28b Cutter 28c Cutter 30 Cover Body LS Limit Switch H Detection Means 37 Transport Roller Ga Stopper Means Gb Stopper Means

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Clamping means for clamping a workpiece in the longitudinal direction are arranged in front of and behind a space, and a standing guide is provided on the side of the space, and the standing guide is controlled vertically. An elevating body that moves is provided, and a revolving body that rotates in a horizontal plane and a horizontal moving body that is supported by the revolving body and that controls and moves horizontally are provided on the elevating body. Further, the horizontal moving body is orthogonal to the control moving direction. In addition, a cutting head having a cutter protruding in the horizontal direction is provided, and the control movement direction of the horizontal moving body and the direction of the cutter are switched by the turning operation of the revolving body. A tenon processing device for wooden building materials. 2. The mortise processing apparatus for a wooden construction material according to claim 1, wherein the front and rear clamping means are arranged so as to be movable and adjusted in a left and right direction orthogonal to the front and rear direction. 3. The mortise processing apparatus for wooden construction materials according to claim 1, wherein the rotational center position of the revolving structure and the position of the cutter provided on the cutting head are arranged close to each other in the vertical axis direction.