JPH05177604A - Mortising machine for wood building material and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a mechanical construction and improve a machining accuracy by a method wherein mortising and strap bolt through hole drilling are continuously conducted by the same machining head. CONSTITUTION:A workpiece W is securely clamped by a vice means F and moved in an X-axis direction under control. A pair of right and left lifting bases are provided correspondingly to the workpiece W and moved in a Z-axis direction under control. The lifting bases are individually provided with machining heads A, B which are moved in a Y-axis direction under control. Each of the maching heads A, B is provided with a dovetail cutter 23 and a disc cutter 27, moved under control between a machining position and a retracting position and rotated by first and second main shaft motors 22, 26, and a horizontal drill 31 rotated by a third main shaft motor 30 so that they are juxtaposed to each other. A pneumatic cylinder 34 moving the horizontal drill 31 in a required drilling direction is connected to the horizontal drill 31.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mortise processing machine for horizontal members used in the field of wooden construction, and more particularly to a processing device capable of forming an insertion hole for a battledore bolt simultaneously with mortise processing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 5, when joining a tenon as a receiving tree and a joist Q as a hanging mortise, a female tenon a is attached to the longitudinal side surface of the former and a longitudinal end of the latter is attached. It is generally well known that a male tenon b is formed in the portion, and in order to further strengthen the bonding strength,
It is also well known to connect both by a connecting bolt R (a battlement bolt). In the above battledore bolt, the battledore plate e at one end is fixed to the joist Q side after inserting the intermediate rod portion c into the hole d formed in the barrel difference P, and the threaded portion protruding at the other end is inserted into the nut via the washer f. g is screwed together.

In the above-mentioned tenon assembly structure, both the female tenon and the hole d are processed on the barrel difference P. Here, the conventional processing machine is configured as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 54-17592, and it is possible to perform female tenon processing that requires skill and requires a long processing time, but up to bolt hole processing. I couldn't.

[0004]

For this reason, conventionally, a drilling machine is installed separately from the mortise drilling machine to carry out drilling. Therefore, there is a problem that the equipment cost rises and the installation space is expanded, and further, since simultaneous machining cannot be performed, machining accuracy is deteriorated. The present invention has been made focusing on these conventional problems,
A tenon removing device for a wooden building material, etc., which can reduce the machine cost and space by incorporating the hole forming means integrally with the tenon processing means and also improve the processing accuracy. Is.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the device according to the present invention is constructed as follows. That is, the gist thereof is that a machining head is arranged corresponding to the machining material clamped and fixed by the vise means, and the machining material and the machining head are arranged in the three axial directions of the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis. In a mortise machine in which relative movement is controlled, the machining head is composed of mortise machining means composed of first and second cutters and drilling means composed of a horizontal drill, and the drilling means requires a drill. The purpose is to provide a feeding means that operates in the cutting direction.

[0006]

[Operation] The work material and the work head can be freely controlled to move in three axial directions. Further, since the same machining head is provided with both the mortise processing means composed of a cutter and the hole drilling means composed of a horizontal drill, the insertion hole can be processed subsequent to the female mortise processing. Since two different processes can be performed under the same conditions, the processing accuracy can be improved.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the tenon removal device for wooden building materials according to the present invention will be specifically described below. Figure 1
1 is a front view of this apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the same. 1 is a frame base 2 is a front-back control means C which will be described later.
The mounting base F provided in the front-rear direction of the frame base 1 (the left-right direction in FIG. 2) through means the whole of the vise means for clamping and fixing the workpiece W, and 3 and 3 are vise frames provided on the mounting base 2. A pair of left and right vise pieces 4a and 4b, which are guided by left and right guide rails 5 and 5 and are movable, are screw shafts for centrically opening and closing the vise pieces 4a and 4b, which are rotated by a motor 6a. .. S is a receiving roller for the processed material W arranged below the vise pieces 4a and 4b.

The above-mentioned front-rear control means C will be described. The guide rail 51 is provided on the upper and lower sides of the frame base 1 in the front and rear direction. The guide rail 51 is engaged with the guide rail 50. The slide bearing 52 on the mounting base 2 side is the frame base 1
The drive motor 53 such as a servo motor provided rearward on the rear side is linked to the output shaft of the drive motor 52, and the feed screw shaft 54 in the front-rear direction is a passive nut on the mounting base 2 side screwed to the feed screw shaft 53. .. With the above configuration, the vice means F
Is controlled to move in the front-back X-axis direction.

Next, 7 is a gate-shaped frame established on the rear side of the frame base 1, and vertical guide rails 8 and 8 are provided on the front sides of the pair of columns 7a and 7a on both sides. 9a and 9b are a pair of left and right elevating bases G that are vertically engaged with the guide rails 8 and 8 via slide bearings. G is an elevating control means for individually operating the elevating bases 9a and 9b. 10 and 10 are drive motors 12 and 12 such as servomotors provided downwardly on a horizontal beam 11 at the upper end of the gate-shaped frame 7 and 12 are vertical feed screw shafts linked to the output shaft of the drive motor 10 via a transmission mechanism.
Reference numerals 13 and 13 denote passive nuts screwed onto the feed screw shafts 12 and 12 and fixed to the elevating bases 9a and 9b, respectively.

Next, referring also to FIG. 3, the lifting bases 9a, 9
The configuration of the processing heads A and B provided in b will be described.
The processing heads A and B are bilaterally symmetrical in the pair of configurations. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to avoid complication of description, the description will be made on the left side of the processing head A. That is, 14 is a horizontal slide guide 15 provided on the front surface of the elevating base 9a, and 15 is a head mounting base which is movable by engaging a rail 16 with the slide guide 14.
17, 18 and 19 are upper stages arranged on the head mounting base 15,
The middle and lower horizontal guides 20 engage the rails 21 with the upper horizontal guides 17 so as to be movable in the lateral direction. The first motor base 22 is a first spindle motor 23 mounted laterally on the motor base 20. A dovetail cutter fixed to the spindle end of the spindle motor 22. This dovetail cutter 23 cuts a female tenon a on the side surface of the workpiece W.

A second motor base 26, which has a rail 25 engaged with a horizontal guide 18 in the middle stage and is movable in the horizontal direction, is a second main spindle motor 27 mounted laterally on the motor base 24, and a second main spindle motor 27 is a main spindle motor 26. This disk cutter 27 is fixed to the spindle end of the disk cutter 27.
(Refer to). 28 is rail 29 with horizontal guide at the bottom
Third motor base that engages with 19 and can move laterally
30 is a third spindle motor horizontally mounted on the motor base 28.
Reference numeral 31 is a horizontal drill attached to the spindle end of the spindle motor 30. This horizontal drill 31 is an insertion hole d in the width direction of the workpiece W.
To drill.

A cutter 23 is attached to each of the motor bases 20 and 24 described above.
There is provided a switching means for switching 27 to the retracted position and the processing position. That is, reference numeral 32 denotes a first pneumatic cylinder laterally attached to the end of the head mounting base 15, which connects the piston rod to the motor base 20 and extends and contracts to switch the position of the cutter 23 as described above. Further, 33 is a second pneumatic cylinder, which connects the piston rod to the motor base 24, and switches the cutter 27 by expanding and contracting.
Also associated with the third motor pedestal 28 is a feed means for imparting a cutting motion to the horizontal drill 31. That is, reference numeral 24 is a third pneumatic cylinder laterally attached to the end of the head mounting base 15, which connects the piston rod to the motor base 28 and moves the horizontal drill 31 in the required direction by the extension operation.

Further, the head mounting base 15 is provided with a left / right control means H for adjusting the cutting positions of the cutters 23, 27. 35 is a drive motor 37 such as a servo motor attached to the upper part of the elevating base 9a through a mounting box 36. A drive motor 37 is linked to the output shaft of the drive motor 35 by a transmission means. A sideways feed screw shaft 38 is screwed onto the feed screw shaft 37. It is a passive nut on the head mounting base 15 side. With the above configuration, the cutters 23 and 27 and the horizontal drill 31 are controlled and moved in the left and right Y-axis directions.

Next, the processing position detecting means which also serves as the cutting cover will be described. 40 is a guide post 41 established from the elevating base 9a, and the guide post 40 is vertically movable via a slide bearing 42. The mounting stay 43 is a cutter 23, 27.
Also, a cutting cover provided on the mounting stay 41 so as to cover the cutting position of the horizontal drill 31 is set so that the lower end portion thereof is located below the horizontal drill 31 in the state of hanging to the free position. 44 is a dust collecting port opened at the upper end of the cutting cover 41 and 45 is a cutter 23 at the side of the cutting cover 41.
It is a blade cover that covers the 27 and the horizontal drill 31.

The cutting cover 43 moves downward when the elevating base 9a descends, but stops moving when the lower end contacts the upper surface of the workpiece W. Therefore, the upper surface position of the workpiece W can be detected by detecting the relative movements of the both, that is, the lifting base 9a and the cutting cover 26 by the limit switch 46 (see FIG. 4). Reference numeral 47 is a laser marking device fixedly provided on the upper side of the central portion of both processing heads A and B, and is for irradiating the upper surface of the processed material W with a light beam for positioning.

The constitution of the tenon removing device according to one embodiment is as described above, and the required tenon and further drilling are performed as follows. First, the processed material W is placed on the receiving roller S, and the vise pieces 4a and 4b are closed and clamped.
At this time, a black line (not shown) attached to the upper surface of the processed material W
Then, the processed material W is set so that the light rays emitted from the laser marking device 47 coincide with each other. When the above-mentioned black line does not match the light beam position, the drive motor 52 is manually operated to move and adjust the workpiece W in the X-axis direction so that the workpiece W is aligned.

On the other hand, on the processing heads A and B side, the piston rods of the first and second pneumatic cylinders 32 and 33 are extended to set the cutters 23 and 27 in the retracted position to the processing position. Here, the distance between the pair of cutters on both sides is the work material W.
Is defined by the width dimension of the reference surface h, and is set with reference to the distance between the reference surfaces h to be cut on both side surfaces. This setting is performed by the drive motor 35, 35 by the head mounting base 1
This is done by adjusting 5 and 15 in the Y-axis direction. In addition,
The horizontal drills 31, 31 are set to the retracted position during the processing of the female mortise.

When the setting of the work material W and the cutters is completed as described above, the cutters 23 and 27 are rotated by the spindle motor, and then the drive motors 10 and 10 move the both lift bases 9a and 9b to Z. Moves down in the axial direction. During the above-described downward feeding, the lower end of the cutting cover 43 comes into contact with the upper surface of the processed material W and stops to cover the cutting portion. Further, the limit switch 46 operates at the same time as the contact, and the downward feed is switched from the fast feed to the cutting feed.

Further, the feed amount of the drive motors 10, 10 (previously numerically input before machining) is controlled on the basis of the above-mentioned detected position, and the workpiece W has a predetermined depth. (Dimension) is cut. In the illustrated example, the lower disk cutter 27 forms the reference planes h and h, and the upper dovetail cutter 23 subsequently forms the female tenon. Since this tenon is performed by the simultaneous operation of both drive motors 10, 10, the required tenon is simultaneously performed on both sides of the workpiece W. After processing, both lifting bases 9
Cutters at the processing position with a and 9b pulled up
Switch 23 and 27 to the retracted position.

After the female tenon processing is completed as described above, the insertion hole d of the battledore plate bolt R is next formed. Since this hole d is located at a position displaced from the center position of the female tenon as shown in FIG. 5, the workpiece W is moved and adjusted according to its size. This movement adjustment is performed by controlling the drive motor 52 and moving the vise means F in the front and rear X-axis directions. Also, the first and second cutters 23 on the processing heads A and B,
Both 27 and horizontal drill 31 are set to the retracted position.

When each setting is completed as described above, the drive motor 10 on one side, for example, the left side is controlled to drive the lifting base 9a in the Z-axis direction. Similar to the above-mentioned mortise processing, the lower end of the cutting cover 43 comes into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece W and stops during the lowering of the elevating base 9a. Then, at this stop position, the third spindle motor 30
As a result, the horizontal drill 31 rotates, and the pneumatic cylinder 34 operates to project. By the operation of the drill 31, the processed material W is perforated. By attaching a spot cutter (not shown) to the root of the drill 31, a washer seat can be formed at the same time as the above-described boring process.

After completion of the above-mentioned drilling, the horizontal drill 31
To the retracted position, and the lifting base 9a is raised. When all of the tenon processing and the boring processing are completed as described above, the vice pieces 4a and 4b are opened to release the clamp of the work material W, and the work material W is transferred in the longitudinal direction. This transfer is performed in preparation for the next processing. In the above description, one of the elevating bases 9a was used for drilling. However, when the workpiece W has a large width and it is not possible to form through holes at the same time, both elevating bases 9a, 9b are used.
The horizontal drills 31 and 31 may be alternately cut by operating. Further, if it is desired to form a washer seat on the side opposite to the above, it goes without saying that the elevating base 9b on the right side may be operated.

In the above-described embodiment, the workpiece W is controlled to move in the X-axis direction, and the processing heads A and B are controlled to move in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. However, the control modes of both are not limited to this, and can be changed as appropriate. For example, the processing material W side is fixed, and the processing heads A and B sides are X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis.
It may be controlled in three axial directions. In addition, the pair of left and right lifting bases A and B can be individually controlled to move up and down, but if both lifting bases are mechanically linked, movement can be controlled in an interlocking manner, and the control system can be simplified. Can be planned. Further, in the above case, it is possible to control the movement of the pair of processing heads in the Y-axis direction with a single drive motor. In this case, it is convenient in processing that the processing heads A and B are opened and closed by centripetal movement.

[0024]

As described above, the mortise removing device according to the present invention has a cutter head having a cutter-type mortise processing means and a drill-type piercing means, and is capable of performing female mortise processing while clamping a workpiece. Drilling can be performed continuously. Therefore, there is an excellent effect that high-precision processing can be smoothly performed. In addition, the mechanical structure can be simplified, and the facility cost and the installation space can be surely reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the configuration of a mortise removing device for wooden building materials and the like according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a partial vertical plan view showing the configuration of a processing head.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a tenon structure of a hanging tree and a receiving tree.

[Explanation of symbols]

 C Front-rear control means F Vise means 4a Vise piece 4b Vise piece 52 Drive motor G Elevation control means 9a Elevation base 9b Elevation base 10 Drive motor A Machining head B Machining head 15 Head mounting base 20 First motor base 22 First spindle Motor 23 Dovetail cutter 24 Second motor base 26 Second spindle motor 27 Disk cutter 28 Third motor base 30 Third spindle motor 31 Horizontal drill 32 First pneumatic cylinder 33 Second pneumatic cylinder 34 Third pneumatic cylinder H Left and right control means 35 Drive motor 43 Cutting cover 46 Limit switch

Claims (1)

[Claims] A machining head is arranged corresponding to the machining material clamped and fixed by the vise means, and the machining material and the machining head are X-shaped.
In a tenon processing machine in which movement is controlled relative to each other in three axial directions of an axis, a Y-axis and a Z-axis, the above-mentioned processing head is a tenon forming means composed of first and second cutters, and a drilling means formed of a horizontal drill. A mortise removing device for wooden construction materials, etc., characterized in that the drilling means is provided with a feeding means for operating the drill in a required cutting direction.