CN107711297A - Mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107711297A CN107711297A CN201711131733.9A CN201711131733A CN107711297A CN 107711297 A CN107711297 A CN 107711297A CN 201711131733 A CN201711131733 A CN 201711131733A CN 107711297 A CN107711297 A CN 107711297A
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- China
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- parts
- mushroom cultivation
- cultivation substrate
- mushroom
- silkworm excrement
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method, it is characterised in that its preparation method is as follows:Wherein, 50 70 parts of ramulus mori rod, 20 30 parts of sugarcane tail, 10 15 parts of chestnut shell slag, 10 15 parts of silkworm excrement, 25 parts of molasses, 13 parts of pulverized limestone, 0.5 2 parts of phosphate fertilizer, micro- 0.1 0.5 parts, 0.05 0.2 parts of organic acid.Mushroom cultivation substrate cost of the invention is cheap, raw material is easy to get, it is simple to prepare, nutritious, and the mushroom fruiting of the mushroom cultivation substrate cultivation of the present invention is fast, quality better, and yield is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fungus growing technique field, more particularly to a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China's mushroom industry has been flourished, and especially in the late two decades, promotes improved seeds, and the cultivation that alternates is former
Material, cultivation technique is improved, and facility technology develops rapidly, new material, the new and high technology such as automatically control in edible mushroom field
Using increasingly extensive, productivity level greatly improves.Thousands of planting edible mushroom villages, hundreds of edible bacterium phytyls are established
Ground county, factorial praluction edible mushroom have gradually formed weather, and the factorial praluction of edible mushroom turns into Chinese agricultural modernization work
Factory's metaplasia produces successful model.
Mushroom, also known as flower mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, mushroom, fragrant letter, fragrant bacterium, dried mushroom, fragrant wild rice, are that the son of Pleurotaceae plant mushroom is real
Body.Mushroom is second-biggest-in-the-world edible mushroom, and one of China's special product, in the title among the people for being known as " mountain delicacy ".It is a kind of growth
Fungi on timber.Delicious flavour, fragrance make people mentally refreshing are nutritious.Mushroom is rich in vitamin B complex, iron, potassium, provitamin D
(Vitamin D is changed into after Exposure to Sunlight), it is sweet, it is mild-natured.Anorexia is cured mainly, few gas is weak.Mushroom is high protein, the battalion of low fat
Support health food.Chinese dynasties physician has famous discussion to mushroom.Modern medicine and nutrition deepen continuously research, mushroom
Medical value be also constantly exploited.Quantitative Determination of Ergosterol is very high in mushroom, effective to preventing and treating rickets;Lentinan(β~1,
3 glucans)Cell immunocompetent can be strengthened, so as to suppress the growth of cancer cell;Mushroom contains more than 40 kinds of enzyme of six big enzymes, can
To correct human chitinase deficiency disease;Fatty institute's fatty acids in mushroom, it is beneficial that blood fat is reduced to human body.
Cultivation matrix is the place for the various nutriments that mushroom is depended on for existence.In mushroom kind and growing environment condition phase
With in the case of, using matrix is different, formula is different, matrix processing mode is different, the yield of mushroom, quality, flavor etc. are all
Difference.At present artificial cultivation use culture medium most distinct issues be:Mushroom growth cycle length, quality and the production of cultivation
Amount is not high.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the cultivating champignon base that a kind of cost is cheap, raw material is easy to get, it is simple to prepare, nutritious
Matter and preparation method thereof, the mushroom fruiting of mushroom cultivation substrate cultivation is fast, quality better, and yield is high.
What the present invention was realized in:
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight:Wherein, ramulus mori rod 50-70 parts, sweet
Sugarcane tail slightly 20-30 parts, chestnut shell slag 10-15 parts, silkworm excrement 10-15 parts, molasses 2-5 parts, pulverized limestone 1-3 parts, phosphate fertilizer 0.5-2 parts,
Micro- 0.1-0.5 parts, organic acid 0.05-0.2 parts.
Further preferably, the ramulus mori rod refers to fall down from mulberry tree and through the ramulus mori rod of stacking more than 2 years naturally.
Further preferably, the sugarcane tail be by the sugarcane people gather in sugarcane caused by sugarcane tail dry, crush after i.e.
.
Further preferably, the phosphate fertilizer is made up of calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), calcium magnesium phosphate, peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium, the weight ratio of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) are 2:1:1.
Further preferably, the trace element is Mn, Cu, Fe, Mg, Zn, Se;Described Mn, Cu, Fe, Mg, Zn, Se matter
It is 2 to measure percentage:2:1:1:0.5:0.5.
Further preferably, the Mn elements in the trace element are provided by manganese sulfate;Cu elements are provided by copper sulphate;Fe members
Element is provided by ferrous sulfate;Mg elements are provided by the magnesium sulfate containing the crystallization water;;Zn elements are provided by zinc sulfate;Se elements are by Asia
Sodium selenate provides.
Further preferably, the organic acid is the one or more in citric acid, acetic acid, malic acid.
The preparation method of the mushroom cultivation substrate of the present invention, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail, chestnut shell slag, stone
Ashes and phosphate fertilizer are stirred, and obtain mixed material, then molasses and organic acid complexing are added after trace element is dissolved in water, and are obtained
To complexing organic trace element solution, it will finally be complexed molten be sprayed onto in mixed material of organic trace element and stir, adjust
PH to 4.5-6.0, the cultivation matrix that water content is 60%-70% is obtained, cultivation matrix is fitted into polyethylene culture bag, then will
Cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, is sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, is produced mushroom cultivation substrate.
Further preferably, the silkworm excrement pretreatment is to add calcium lime powder into silkworm excrement to be well mixed, silkworm excrement and quick lime
Powder weight ratio is 5:1, strain is added when thing temperature to be mixed drops to 30 DEG C and is well mixed, strain inoculum concentration is the 2- of mixture
3%, spontaneous fermentation 15-20 days is stacked, every turning in 4 days once, obtains silkworm excrement;The strain is bacillus subtilis, gel-shaped bud
Spore bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefacienses, blown-ball Azotobacter and saccharomycete.
Further preferably, trace element is is dissolved in water by the complexing organic trace element solution, then in stirring shape
Be slowly added to molasses and organic acid under state, be warming up to 50-55 DEG C reaction 2-3 hours obtain.
The prominent substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and significant progress are:
Mushroom cultivation substrate cost of the present invention is cheap, raw material is easy to get, it is simple to prepare, nutritious, and fruiting is fast, quality better, yield
It is high;And use ramulus mori rod, sugarcane tail, chestnut shell slag and silkworm excrement not only to turn waste into wealth for primary raw material, it is dirty also to solve environment
Dye problem, production cost are low;It is molten complexing organic trace element made of rational molasses, trace element and organic acid has been incorporated
Liquid, the micro-nutrient composition of mushroom can be quickly supplemented, promote mycelial growth, improved mushroom quality and yield, economic benefit show
Write.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
The raw material of mushroom cultivation substrate(By weight)It is with preparation method:
50 parts of ramulus mori rod, 20 parts of sugarcane tail, 10 parts of chestnut shell slag, 10 parts of silkworm excrement, 2 parts of molasses, 1 part of pulverized limestone, phosphate fertilizer 0.5
Part, micro- 0.1 part, 0.05 part of organic acid;
Its preparation method is as follows:First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail
Slightly, chestnut shell slag, pulverized limestone and phosphate fertilizer stir, and obtain mixed material, then add molasses after trace element is dissolved in water
It is complexed with organic acid, obtains being complexed organic trace element solution, will finally be complexed that organic trace element is molten to be sprayed onto mixed material
In stir, adjust pH to 4.5-6.0, obtain water content be 60%-70% cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix is loaded into polyethylene
In culture bag, then cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, produces mushroom cultivation
Train matrix.
Embodiment 2
The raw material of mushroom cultivation substrate(By weight)It is with preparation method:
60 parts of ramulus mori rod, 25 parts of sugarcane tail, 12 parts of chestnut shell slag, 12 parts of silkworm excrement, 3 parts of molasses, 2 parts of pulverized limestone, 1 part of phosphate fertilizer,
Micro- 0.2 part, 0.1 part of organic acid;
Its preparation method is as follows:First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail
Slightly, chestnut shell slag, pulverized limestone and phosphate fertilizer stir, and obtain mixed material, then add molasses after trace element is dissolved in water
It is complexed with organic acid, obtains being complexed organic trace element solution, will finally be complexed that organic trace element is molten to be sprayed onto mixed material
In stir, adjust pH to 4.5-6.0, obtain water content be 60%-70% cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix is loaded into polyethylene
In culture bag, then cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, produces mushroom cultivation
Train matrix.
Embodiment 3
The raw material of mushroom cultivation substrate(By weight)It is with preparation method:
65 parts of ramulus mori rod, 28 parts of sugarcane tail, 14 parts of chestnut shell slag, 14 parts of silkworm excrement, 4 parts of molasses, 2.5 parts of pulverized limestone, phosphate fertilizer 1.5
Part, micro- 0.4 part, 0.15 part of organic acid;
Its preparation method is as follows:First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail
Slightly, chestnut shell slag, pulverized limestone and phosphate fertilizer stir, and obtain mixed material, then add molasses after trace element is dissolved in water
It is complexed with organic acid, obtains being complexed organic trace element solution, will finally be complexed that organic trace element is molten to be sprayed onto mixed material
In stir, adjust pH to 4.5-6.0, obtain water content be 60%-70% cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix is loaded into polyethylene
In culture bag, then cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, produces mushroom cultivation
Train matrix.
Embodiment 4
The raw material of mushroom cultivation substrate(By weight)It is with preparation method:
70 parts of ramulus mori rod, 30 parts of sugarcane tail, 15 parts of chestnut shell slag, 15 parts of silkworm excrement, 5 parts of molasses, 3 parts of pulverized limestone, 2 parts of phosphate fertilizer,
Micro- 0.5 part, 0.2 part of organic acid;
Its preparation method is as follows:First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail
Slightly, chestnut shell slag, pulverized limestone and phosphate fertilizer stir, and obtain mixed material, then add molasses after trace element is dissolved in water
It is complexed with organic acid, obtains being complexed organic trace element solution, will finally be complexed that organic trace element is molten to be sprayed onto mixed material
In stir, adjust pH to 4.5-6.0, obtain water content be 60%-70% cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix is loaded into polyethylene
In culture bag, then cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, produces mushroom cultivation
Train matrix.
Application effect
Test effect of the mushroom cultivation substrate of the present invention in mushroom culture
The mushroom cultivation substrate of the present invention is fitted into polyethylene culture bag, per packed 1000g, sterilize 20- at 120-125 DEG C
30 minutes, cultural hypha is carried out after being cooled to room temperature, the polyethylene culture bag for covering with mycelia is peelled off into polybag film, bacteria stick is put
Enter mushroom room, in embodiment 1-4 experiment, temperature, humidity, illumination, ventilation management work and earthing condition phase in culturing room
Together, experiment in cultivation uses existing cultural method, observation mycelia speed of production, biological transformation ratio, bacterium bulb diameter, bacterium ball height etc.
Content is as a result as follows:
As seen from the above table, not only saved into using the cultivation matrix of ramulus mori rod, sugarcane tail, chestnut shell slag and silkworm excrement as major ingredient
This, and mushroom mycelium speed of production is fast, and fruiting is neat, and upgrowth situation is good, and yield and quality are high.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight:Wherein, ramulus mori rod 50-70 parts,
Sugarcane tail 20-30 parts, chestnut shell slag 10-15 parts, silkworm excrement 10-15 parts, molasses 2-5 parts, pulverized limestone 1-3 parts, phosphate fertilizer 0.5-2
Part, micro- 0.1-0.5 parts, organic acid 0.05-0.2 parts.
2. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The ramulus mori rod refers to fall down simultaneously from mulberry tree
Through the ramulus mori rod for stacking more than 2 years naturally.
3. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The sugarcane tail is that the sugarcane people are gathered in into sugarcane
Caused sugarcane tail dries, crush after produce.
4. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The phosphate fertilizer by calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate,
Diammonium phosphate (DAP) forms, and calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, the weight ratio of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) are 2:1:1.
5. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described trace element for Mn, Cu, Fe, Mg,
Zn、Se;Described Mn, Cu, Fe, Mg, Zn, Se mass percent are 2:2:1:1:0.5:0.5.
6. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:Mn elements in the trace element are by sulfuric acid
Manganese provides;Cu elements are provided by copper sulphate;Fe elements are provided by ferrous sulfate;Mg elements are provided by the magnesium sulfate containing the crystallization water;;
Zn elements are provided by zinc sulfate;Se elements are provided by sodium selenite.
7. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The organic acid is citric acid, acetic acid, apple
One or more in acid.
8. the preparation method of mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail, chestnut shell slag, stone
Ashes and phosphate fertilizer are stirred, and obtain mixed material, then molasses and organic acid complexing are added after trace element is dissolved in water, and are obtained
To complexing organic trace element solution, it will finally be complexed molten be sprayed onto in mixed material of organic trace element and stir, adjust
PH to 4.5-6.0, the cultivation matrix that water content is 60%-70% is obtained, cultivation matrix is fitted into polyethylene culture bag, then will
Cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, is sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, is produced mushroom cultivation substrate.
9. the preparation method of mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:Silkworm excrement pretreatment be to
Add calcium lime powder in silkworm excrement to be well mixed, silkworm excrement is 5 with calcium lime powder weight ratio:1, thing temperature to be mixed adds when dropping to 30 DEG C
Enter strain to be well mixed, strain inoculum concentration is the 2-3% of mixture, stacks spontaneous fermentation 15-20 days, every turning in 4 days once, obtains
To silkworm excrement;The strain is bacillus subtilis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus amyloliquefacienses, blown-ball Azotobacter and saccharomycete.
10. the preparation method of mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:The complexing is organic micro
Then Element Solution is slowly added to molasses and organic acid under stirring, is warming up to 50-55 for trace element is dissolved in water
DEG C reaction 2-3 hours obtain.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201711131733.9A CN107711297A (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2017-11-15 | Mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof |
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CN201711131733.9A CN107711297A (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2017-11-15 | Mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109479626A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-19 | 广西仙草堂制药有限责任公司 | A kind of cuboid ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick and preparation method thereof |
CN111527990A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-14 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Mushroom substitute cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
CN112056146A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-12-11 | 王虎 | Environment-friendly posterior-emergence white snowflake culture material formula for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests and preparation method thereof |
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CN111527990A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-14 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Mushroom substitute cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
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