CN107711297A - Mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107711297A
CN107711297A CN201711131733.9A CN201711131733A CN107711297A CN 107711297 A CN107711297 A CN 107711297A CN 201711131733 A CN201711131733 A CN 201711131733A CN 107711297 A CN107711297 A CN 107711297A
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China
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parts
mushroom cultivation
cultivation substrate
mushroom
silkworm excrement
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CN201711131733.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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陈荣立
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02Superphosphates

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method, it is characterised in that its preparation method is as follows:Wherein, 50 70 parts of ramulus mori rod, 20 30 parts of sugarcane tail, 10 15 parts of chestnut shell slag, 10 15 parts of silkworm excrement, 25 parts of molasses, 13 parts of pulverized limestone, 0.5 2 parts of phosphate fertilizer, micro- 0.1 0.5 parts, 0.05 0.2 parts of organic acid.Mushroom cultivation substrate cost of the invention is cheap, raw material is easy to get, it is simple to prepare, nutritious, and the mushroom fruiting of the mushroom cultivation substrate cultivation of the present invention is fast, quality better, and yield is high.

Description

Mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to fungus growing technique field, more particularly to a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China's mushroom industry has been flourished, and especially in the late two decades, promotes improved seeds, and the cultivation that alternates is former Material, cultivation technique is improved, and facility technology develops rapidly, new material, the new and high technology such as automatically control in edible mushroom field Using increasingly extensive, productivity level greatly improves.Thousands of planting edible mushroom villages, hundreds of edible bacterium phytyls are established Ground county, factorial praluction edible mushroom have gradually formed weather, and the factorial praluction of edible mushroom turns into Chinese agricultural modernization work Factory's metaplasia produces successful model.
Mushroom, also known as flower mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, mushroom, fragrant letter, fragrant bacterium, dried mushroom, fragrant wild rice, are that the son of Pleurotaceae plant mushroom is real Body.Mushroom is second-biggest-in-the-world edible mushroom, and one of China's special product, in the title among the people for being known as " mountain delicacy ".It is a kind of growth Fungi on timber.Delicious flavour, fragrance make people mentally refreshing are nutritious.Mushroom is rich in vitamin B complex, iron, potassium, provitamin D (Vitamin D is changed into after Exposure to Sunlight), it is sweet, it is mild-natured.Anorexia is cured mainly, few gas is weak.Mushroom is high protein, the battalion of low fat Support health food.Chinese dynasties physician has famous discussion to mushroom.Modern medicine and nutrition deepen continuously research, mushroom Medical value be also constantly exploited.Quantitative Determination of Ergosterol is very high in mushroom, effective to preventing and treating rickets;Lentinan(β~1, 3 glucans)Cell immunocompetent can be strengthened, so as to suppress the growth of cancer cell;Mushroom contains more than 40 kinds of enzyme of six big enzymes, can To correct human chitinase deficiency disease;Fatty institute's fatty acids in mushroom, it is beneficial that blood fat is reduced to human body.
Cultivation matrix is the place for the various nutriments that mushroom is depended on for existence.In mushroom kind and growing environment condition phase With in the case of, using matrix is different, formula is different, matrix processing mode is different, the yield of mushroom, quality, flavor etc. are all Difference.At present artificial cultivation use culture medium most distinct issues be:Mushroom growth cycle length, quality and the production of cultivation Amount is not high.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the cultivating champignon base that a kind of cost is cheap, raw material is easy to get, it is simple to prepare, nutritious Matter and preparation method thereof, the mushroom fruiting of mushroom cultivation substrate cultivation is fast, quality better, and yield is high.
What the present invention was realized in:
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight:Wherein, ramulus mori rod 50-70 parts, sweet Sugarcane tail slightly 20-30 parts, chestnut shell slag 10-15 parts, silkworm excrement 10-15 parts, molasses 2-5 parts, pulverized limestone 1-3 parts, phosphate fertilizer 0.5-2 parts, Micro- 0.1-0.5 parts, organic acid 0.05-0.2 parts.
Further preferably, the ramulus mori rod refers to fall down from mulberry tree and through the ramulus mori rod of stacking more than 2 years naturally.
Further preferably, the sugarcane tail be by the sugarcane people gather in sugarcane caused by sugarcane tail dry, crush after i.e. .
Further preferably, the phosphate fertilizer is made up of calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), calcium magnesium phosphate, peroxophosphoric acid Calcium, the weight ratio of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) are 2:1:1.
Further preferably, the trace element is Mn, Cu, Fe, Mg, Zn, Se;Described Mn, Cu, Fe, Mg, Zn, Se matter It is 2 to measure percentage:2:1:1:0.5:0.5.
Further preferably, the Mn elements in the trace element are provided by manganese sulfate;Cu elements are provided by copper sulphate;Fe members Element is provided by ferrous sulfate;Mg elements are provided by the magnesium sulfate containing the crystallization water;;Zn elements are provided by zinc sulfate;Se elements are by Asia Sodium selenate provides.
Further preferably, the organic acid is the one or more in citric acid, acetic acid, malic acid.
The preparation method of the mushroom cultivation substrate of the present invention, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail, chestnut shell slag, stone Ashes and phosphate fertilizer are stirred, and obtain mixed material, then molasses and organic acid complexing are added after trace element is dissolved in water, and are obtained To complexing organic trace element solution, it will finally be complexed molten be sprayed onto in mixed material of organic trace element and stir, adjust PH to 4.5-6.0, the cultivation matrix that water content is 60%-70% is obtained, cultivation matrix is fitted into polyethylene culture bag, then will Cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, is sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, is produced mushroom cultivation substrate.
Further preferably, the silkworm excrement pretreatment is to add calcium lime powder into silkworm excrement to be well mixed, silkworm excrement and quick lime Powder weight ratio is 5:1, strain is added when thing temperature to be mixed drops to 30 DEG C and is well mixed, strain inoculum concentration is the 2- of mixture 3%, spontaneous fermentation 15-20 days is stacked, every turning in 4 days once, obtains silkworm excrement;The strain is bacillus subtilis, gel-shaped bud Spore bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefacienses, blown-ball Azotobacter and saccharomycete.
Further preferably, trace element is is dissolved in water by the complexing organic trace element solution, then in stirring shape Be slowly added to molasses and organic acid under state, be warming up to 50-55 DEG C reaction 2-3 hours obtain.
The prominent substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and significant progress are:
Mushroom cultivation substrate cost of the present invention is cheap, raw material is easy to get, it is simple to prepare, nutritious, and fruiting is fast, quality better, yield It is high;And use ramulus mori rod, sugarcane tail, chestnut shell slag and silkworm excrement not only to turn waste into wealth for primary raw material, it is dirty also to solve environment Dye problem, production cost are low;It is molten complexing organic trace element made of rational molasses, trace element and organic acid has been incorporated Liquid, the micro-nutrient composition of mushroom can be quickly supplemented, promote mycelial growth, improved mushroom quality and yield, economic benefit show Write.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
The raw material of mushroom cultivation substrate(By weight)It is with preparation method:
50 parts of ramulus mori rod, 20 parts of sugarcane tail, 10 parts of chestnut shell slag, 10 parts of silkworm excrement, 2 parts of molasses, 1 part of pulverized limestone, phosphate fertilizer 0.5 Part, micro- 0.1 part, 0.05 part of organic acid;
Its preparation method is as follows:First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail Slightly, chestnut shell slag, pulverized limestone and phosphate fertilizer stir, and obtain mixed material, then add molasses after trace element is dissolved in water It is complexed with organic acid, obtains being complexed organic trace element solution, will finally be complexed that organic trace element is molten to be sprayed onto mixed material In stir, adjust pH to 4.5-6.0, obtain water content be 60%-70% cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix is loaded into polyethylene In culture bag, then cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, produces mushroom cultivation Train matrix.
Embodiment 2
The raw material of mushroom cultivation substrate(By weight)It is with preparation method:
60 parts of ramulus mori rod, 25 parts of sugarcane tail, 12 parts of chestnut shell slag, 12 parts of silkworm excrement, 3 parts of molasses, 2 parts of pulverized limestone, 1 part of phosphate fertilizer, Micro- 0.2 part, 0.1 part of organic acid;
Its preparation method is as follows:First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail Slightly, chestnut shell slag, pulverized limestone and phosphate fertilizer stir, and obtain mixed material, then add molasses after trace element is dissolved in water It is complexed with organic acid, obtains being complexed organic trace element solution, will finally be complexed that organic trace element is molten to be sprayed onto mixed material In stir, adjust pH to 4.5-6.0, obtain water content be 60%-70% cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix is loaded into polyethylene In culture bag, then cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, produces mushroom cultivation Train matrix.
Embodiment 3
The raw material of mushroom cultivation substrate(By weight)It is with preparation method:
65 parts of ramulus mori rod, 28 parts of sugarcane tail, 14 parts of chestnut shell slag, 14 parts of silkworm excrement, 4 parts of molasses, 2.5 parts of pulverized limestone, phosphate fertilizer 1.5 Part, micro- 0.4 part, 0.15 part of organic acid;
Its preparation method is as follows:First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail Slightly, chestnut shell slag, pulverized limestone and phosphate fertilizer stir, and obtain mixed material, then add molasses after trace element is dissolved in water It is complexed with organic acid, obtains being complexed organic trace element solution, will finally be complexed that organic trace element is molten to be sprayed onto mixed material In stir, adjust pH to 4.5-6.0, obtain water content be 60%-70% cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix is loaded into polyethylene In culture bag, then cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, produces mushroom cultivation Train matrix.
Embodiment 4
The raw material of mushroom cultivation substrate(By weight)It is with preparation method:
70 parts of ramulus mori rod, 30 parts of sugarcane tail, 15 parts of chestnut shell slag, 15 parts of silkworm excrement, 5 parts of molasses, 3 parts of pulverized limestone, 2 parts of phosphate fertilizer, Micro- 0.5 part, 0.2 part of organic acid;
Its preparation method is as follows:First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail Slightly, chestnut shell slag, pulverized limestone and phosphate fertilizer stir, and obtain mixed material, then add molasses after trace element is dissolved in water It is complexed with organic acid, obtains being complexed organic trace element solution, will finally be complexed that organic trace element is molten to be sprayed onto mixed material In stir, adjust pH to 4.5-6.0, obtain water content be 60%-70% cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix is loaded into polyethylene In culture bag, then cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, produces mushroom cultivation Train matrix.
Application effect
Test effect of the mushroom cultivation substrate of the present invention in mushroom culture
The mushroom cultivation substrate of the present invention is fitted into polyethylene culture bag, per packed 1000g, sterilize 20- at 120-125 DEG C 30 minutes, cultural hypha is carried out after being cooled to room temperature, the polyethylene culture bag for covering with mycelia is peelled off into polybag film, bacteria stick is put Enter mushroom room, in embodiment 1-4 experiment, temperature, humidity, illumination, ventilation management work and earthing condition phase in culturing room Together, experiment in cultivation uses existing cultural method, observation mycelia speed of production, biological transformation ratio, bacterium bulb diameter, bacterium ball height etc. Content is as a result as follows:
As seen from the above table, not only saved into using the cultivation matrix of ramulus mori rod, sugarcane tail, chestnut shell slag and silkworm excrement as major ingredient This, and mushroom mycelium speed of production is fast, and fruiting is neat, and upgrowth situation is good, and yield and quality are high.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight:Wherein, ramulus mori rod 50-70 parts, Sugarcane tail 20-30 parts, chestnut shell slag 10-15 parts, silkworm excrement 10-15 parts, molasses 2-5 parts, pulverized limestone 1-3 parts, phosphate fertilizer 0.5-2 Part, micro- 0.1-0.5 parts, organic acid 0.05-0.2 parts.
2. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The ramulus mori rod refers to fall down simultaneously from mulberry tree Through the ramulus mori rod for stacking more than 2 years naturally.
3. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The sugarcane tail is that the sugarcane people are gathered in into sugarcane Caused sugarcane tail dries, crush after produce.
4. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The phosphate fertilizer by calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) forms, and calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, the weight ratio of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) are 2:1:1.
5. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described trace element for Mn, Cu, Fe, Mg, Zn、Se;Described Mn, Cu, Fe, Mg, Zn, Se mass percent are 2:2:1:1:0.5:0.5.
6. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:Mn elements in the trace element are by sulfuric acid Manganese provides;Cu elements are provided by copper sulphate;Fe elements are provided by ferrous sulfate;Mg elements are provided by the magnesium sulfate containing the crystallization water;; Zn elements are provided by zinc sulfate;Se elements are provided by sodium selenite.
7. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The organic acid is citric acid, acetic acid, apple One or more in acid.
8. the preparation method of mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
First silkworm excrement is pre-processed, then by by recipe ratio by silkworm excrement with crush after lichee bar, sugarcane tail, chestnut shell slag, stone Ashes and phosphate fertilizer are stirred, and obtain mixed material, then molasses and organic acid complexing are added after trace element is dissolved in water, and are obtained To complexing organic trace element solution, it will finally be complexed molten be sprayed onto in mixed material of organic trace element and stir, adjust PH to 4.5-6.0, the cultivation matrix that water content is 60%-70% is obtained, cultivation matrix is fitted into polyethylene culture bag, then will Cultivation matrix is sent into high-pressure sterilizing pot, is sterilized at 120-125 DEG C 20-30 minutes, is produced mushroom cultivation substrate.
9. the preparation method of mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:Silkworm excrement pretreatment be to Add calcium lime powder in silkworm excrement to be well mixed, silkworm excrement is 5 with calcium lime powder weight ratio:1, thing temperature to be mixed adds when dropping to 30 DEG C Enter strain to be well mixed, strain inoculum concentration is the 2-3% of mixture, stacks spontaneous fermentation 15-20 days, every turning in 4 days once, obtains To silkworm excrement;The strain is bacillus subtilis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus amyloliquefacienses, blown-ball Azotobacter and saccharomycete.
10. the preparation method of mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:The complexing is organic micro Then Element Solution is slowly added to molasses and organic acid under stirring, is warming up to 50-55 for trace element is dissolved in water DEG C reaction 2-3 hours obtain.
CN201711131733.9A 2017-11-15 2017-11-15 Mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN107711297A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109479626A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-19 广西仙草堂制药有限责任公司 A kind of cuboid ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick and preparation method thereof
CN111527990A (en) * 2020-04-14 2020-08-14 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) Mushroom substitute cultivation medium and preparation method thereof
CN112056146A (en) * 2019-06-11 2020-12-11 王虎 Environment-friendly posterior-emergence white snowflake culture material formula for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests and preparation method thereof

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CN105580635A (en) * 2014-10-23 2016-05-18 宜昌大自然生物科技有限公司 Shiitake mushroom culture medium and method of cultivating shiitake mushroom in greenhouse
CN105669330A (en) * 2016-04-21 2016-06-15 宜州市桂恒旺科技有限责任公司 Method for producing organic silkworm-excrement granular fertilizer
CN105820012A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-08-03 史丹利化肥贵港有限公司 Fertilizer special for sugarcanes
CN106045721A (en) * 2016-08-02 2016-10-26 甘甲亮 Culture medium and method for cultivating lucid ganoderma by sugarcane tips
CN106069199A (en) * 2016-07-08 2016-11-09 上海市农业科学院 A kind of method of phragmites communis mushroom Agaricus sp. not soil covering culture
WO2017105067A1 (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 주식회사 이엔이티 Store-linked urban vertical farming system
CN106892700A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-06-27 江苏红叶福茸农业科技有限公司 A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method and the method using the substrate culture mushroom

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015181413A (en) * 2014-03-25 2015-10-22 三重県 Indoor artificial cultivation method for leucopaxillus giganteus
EP2992754A1 (en) * 2014-09-05 2016-03-09 Van den Boomen, Henricus Nicolaas Cornelis Method for processing casing soil
CN105580635A (en) * 2014-10-23 2016-05-18 宜昌大自然生物科技有限公司 Shiitake mushroom culture medium and method of cultivating shiitake mushroom in greenhouse
CN105110829A (en) * 2015-09-01 2015-12-02 广西南宁胜祺安科技开发有限公司 Mushroom culture substrate and preparation method thereof
WO2017105067A1 (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 주식회사 이엔이티 Store-linked urban vertical farming system
CN105820012A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-08-03 史丹利化肥贵港有限公司 Fertilizer special for sugarcanes
CN105669330A (en) * 2016-04-21 2016-06-15 宜州市桂恒旺科技有限责任公司 Method for producing organic silkworm-excrement granular fertilizer
CN106069199A (en) * 2016-07-08 2016-11-09 上海市农业科学院 A kind of method of phragmites communis mushroom Agaricus sp. not soil covering culture
CN106045721A (en) * 2016-08-02 2016-10-26 甘甲亮 Culture medium and method for cultivating lucid ganoderma by sugarcane tips
CN106892700A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-06-27 江苏红叶福茸农业科技有限公司 A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method and the method using the substrate culture mushroom

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109479626A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-19 广西仙草堂制药有限责任公司 A kind of cuboid ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick and preparation method thereof
CN112056146A (en) * 2019-06-11 2020-12-11 王虎 Environment-friendly posterior-emergence white snowflake culture material formula for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests and preparation method thereof
CN111527990A (en) * 2020-04-14 2020-08-14 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) Mushroom substitute cultivation medium and preparation method thereof
CN111527990B (en) * 2020-04-14 2022-04-15 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) Mushroom substitute cultivation medium and preparation method thereof

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