CN107699712B - Magnesium metallurgical furnace and magnesium smelting method - Google Patents
Magnesium metallurgical furnace and magnesium smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107699712B CN107699712B CN201710892855.3A CN201710892855A CN107699712B CN 107699712 B CN107699712 B CN 107699712B CN 201710892855 A CN201710892855 A CN 201710892855A CN 107699712 B CN107699712 B CN 107699712B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/22—Obtaining magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/04—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by aluminium, other metals or silicon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnesium metallurgical furnace, which comprises a furnace body, a feeding flow pipe and a separable furnace cover, wherein the furnace cover is positioned on the furnace body, the bottom end of the feeding flow pipe is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body, a slag discharge port is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the furnace body, an interface is arranged on the side wall of the top of the furnace body, and a coil is arranged on the outer side wall of the furnace body in a surrounding manner. The magnesium metallurgical furnace provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in construction and the like, and can be used for efficiently smelting magnesium. The invention also provides a magnesium smelting method, which directly utilizes the high-temperature melt smelted by the submerged arc furnace as the raw material to reduce magnesium oxide, the high-temperature melt is added from the bottom of the furnace body, the physical heat of the liquid ferrosilicon is fully utilized, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, and the magnesium smelting method has the advantages of full reaction, low consumption, high production efficiency, low labor intensity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting, in particular to a magnesium metallurgical furnace and a magnesium smelting method.
Background
Currently, there are two main processes for smelting magnesium: electrolytic and silicothermic processes. Anhydrous magnesium chloride is needed in the electrolytic method, but the preparation difficulty of the anhydrous magnesium chloride is high, so the use of the electrolytic method is restricted. The silicothermic process is that ferrosilicon and magnesium oxide are crushed, stirred evenly and then put into a tank, then air in the tank is pumped away, inert gas is filled, finally the tank is heated by coal and the like, the silicon and the magnesium oxide react under the conditions of inert gas (oxygen-free environment) and high temperature to generate magnesium vapor, magnesium solution is obtained after the magnesium vapor is condensed, and magnesium ingots can be obtained after casting. The technology has the advantages of high energy consumption, insufficient ferrosilicon reaction, high consumption, low production efficiency, difficult charging and residue cleaning and high labor intensity.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides the magnesium metallurgical furnace capable of efficiently smelting magnesium.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a metallurgical stove of magnesium, is including stove body, reinforced flow tube and separable bell, the bell is located above the stove body, the bottom of reinforced flow tube with the bottom of stove body is linked together, be provided with row cinder notch on the lateral wall of the bottom of stove body, be provided with the interface on the lateral wall at the top of stove body, the winding is provided with the coil on the lateral wall of stove body.
Further, the bottom end of the feeding flow pipe is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body, and the feeding flow pipe comprises: the reinforced flow tube set up in the stove body outside, reinforced flow tube is "L" type, the vertical setting in upper portion, and the lower part level sets up, the lower part of reinforced flow tube is passed the lateral wall of stove body is located in the bottom of stove body, perhaps, reinforced flow tube set up in the stove body is inboard, the whole vertical setting of reinforced flow tube, wear out on the upper portion of reinforced flow tube the bell, the lower part of reinforced flow tube is located in the bottom of stove body.
Further, the communicating position of the feeding flow pipe and the furnace body is higher than the arrangement position of the slag discharging port.
Further, the feed stream pipe is made of a clay refractory or a high alumina refractory or a magnesium refractory; the inner side of the side wall of the furnace body is made of carbon refractory material or high-alumina refractory material or magnesium refractory material, and the outer side of the side wall of the furnace body is made of clay refractory material; the furnace cover is made of steel, and clay refractory material or high-alumina refractory material or magnesium refractory material is filled inside the furnace cover.
The invention also provides a magnesium smelting method, which uses the magnesium metallurgical furnace and comprises the following steps:
1) blocking the slag discharging port, and adding molten iron into the furnace body to a position higher than the slag discharging port and a communication position of the feeding flow pipe and the furnace body;
2) adding lime and burnt magnesia into the furnace body, solidifying part or all of molten iron under the action of the lime and the magnesia, then covering the furnace cover and sealing a gap between the furnace cover and the furnace body;
3) vacuumizing the interior of the furnace body through the interface, and filling inert gas into the interior of the furnace body through the interface after air is pumped out until the air pressure in the interior of the furnace body is balanced with the atmospheric pressure;
4) connecting the coil with a power supply, and heating and melting the solidified molten iron under the action of electromagnetic induction;
5) passing through ferrosilicon melt or silicon calcium barium melt or monocrystalline silicon melt reinforced flow tube adds inside the furnace body to let ferrosilicon or silicon calcium barium or monocrystalline silicon and magnesium oxide react under high temperature and inert gas environment and obtain magnesium vapour, magnesium vapour passes through the interface gets into magnesium vapour condenser, can obtain magnesium melt after the condensation.
Further, the magnesium smelting method also comprises the following steps:
6) after the ferrosilicon and the magnesium oxide react, the magnesium steam condenser is closed, the slag discharge port is opened, and because the slag generated by the reaction is heated and melted under the action of electromagnetic induction and has fluidity, the slag and the molten iron or the molten copper or the manganese water can be discharged through the slag discharge port.
Further, the magnesium smelting method also comprises the following steps:
7) inert gas is filled into the furnace body through the interface, so that the gas pressure in the furnace body is improved, and the slag and the molten iron or the copper water or the manganese water are discharged more thoroughly; and after deslagging is finished, discharging residual magnesium steam in the furnace body from the deslagging port and combusting.
Further, the magnesium smelting method also comprises the following steps:
8) and after the slag is discharged and the magnesium steam is not combusted, blocking the slag discharge port, purging the feeding flow pipe, and further removing the magnesium steam in the furnace body.
Further, the magnesium smelting method also comprises the following steps:
9) and opening the furnace cover and cleaning residual slag in the furnace body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a magnesium metallurgical furnace which has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in construction and the like, and can be used for smelting magnesium efficiently. The invention also provides a magnesium smelting method, which directly utilizes the high-temperature melt smelted by the submerged arc furnace as the raw material to reduce magnesium oxide, and the high-temperature melt is added from the bottom of the furnace body, thereby fully utilizing the physical heat of the liquid ferrosilicon, greatly reducing the energy consumption, and having the advantages of full reaction, low consumption, high production efficiency, low labor intensity and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a magnesium metallurgical furnace;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a magnesium metallurgical furnace;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the direction AA in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a magnesium metallurgical furnace, which includes a furnace body 1, a feeding flow pipe 3 and a separable furnace cover 2; the furnace cover 2 is positioned on the furnace body 1, the bottom end of the feeding flow pipe 3 is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body 1, specifically, the feeding flow pipe 3 is arranged outside the furnace body 1, the feeding flow pipe 3 is L-shaped, the upper part of the feeding flow pipe is vertically arranged, the lower part of the feeding flow pipe 3 is horizontally arranged, and the lower part of the feeding flow pipe 3 penetrates through the side wall of the furnace body 1 and is positioned in the bottom of the furnace body 1; a slag discharge port 4 is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the communication position of the feeding flow pipe 3 and the furnace body 1 is higher than the arrangement position of the slag discharge port 4; the side wall of the top of the furnace body 1 is provided with a port 5, and the port 5 can be connected with an external vacuum pump, a magnesium vapor condenser, an inert gas tank and the like; the coil 6 is arranged on the outer side wall of the furnace body 1 in a surrounding mode, and when the coil 6 is electrified, molten iron is heated and melted under the action of electromagnetic induction to have fluidity. Wherein the feed stream pipe 3 is made of a clay refractory material; the inner side of the side wall of the furnace body 1 is made of carbon refractory material, and the outer side of the side wall is made of clay refractory material; the furnace lid 2 is made of steel and is filled with a clay refractory material on the inner side. The clay refractory material can ensure that the magnesium smelting furnace can bear high temperature without damage in the magnesium smelting process.
The reinforced flow tube 3 that "L" type set up can make things convenient for fluid (ferrosilicon melt etc.) to get into 1 inside the stove body, sets up in the outside clearance and the maintenance that also easily reinforced flow tube 3 of stove body 1. The communicating position of the charging flow pipe 3 and the furnace body 1 is higher than the arrangement position of the slag discharging port 4, and slag discharging after smelting can be conveniently completed through the arrangement.
The invention provides a magnesium smelting method which is used together with the magnesium metallurgical furnace and comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) blocking the slag discharging port 4 by using stemming, and adding molten iron into the furnace body 1 until the molten iron is higher than the slag discharging port 4 and the communication position of the feeding flow pipe 3 and the furnace body 1.
Wherein, before the shutoff slag notch 4 or simultaneously, prepare in earlier stage in addition: the interface 5 is connected with a vacuum pump, a magnesium vapor condenser and an inert gas tank, and the communication of the interface 5 with the vacuum pump, the magnesium vapor condenser and the inert gas tank is controlled through a valve; the ferrosilicon solution used for production is smelted by a submerged arc furnace, then is contained in a steel ladle and is kept warm.
2) Lime and burnt magnesia are added into the furnace body 1, molten iron is solidified under the action of the lime and the magnesia to block the communication position between the feeding flow pipe 3 and the furnace body 1, then the furnace cover 2 is covered, and a gap between the furnace cover 2 and the furnace body 1 is sealed.
3) Starting a vacuum pump, vacuumizing the interior of the furnace body 1 through the interface 5, opening an inert gas tank valve after air pumping, filling inert gas (such as argon, helium and the like) into the interior of the furnace body 1 through the interface 5 until the air pressure in the interior of the furnace body 1 is balanced with the atmospheric pressure, and closing the inert gas tank valve after balancing.
4) The coil 6 is connected with a power supply, and the solidified molten iron is heated and melted under the action of electromagnetic induction and has fluidity.
5) Hang the ladle to reinforced flow tube 3 top, the mouth of a river is to going into reinforced flow tube 3 upper end entry, opens the mouth of a river, and it is inside to add furnace body 1 with ferrosilicon melt through reinforced flow tube 3 to let ferrosilicon and magnesium oxide react under high temperature and inert gas environment and generate magnesium vapour, silica and molten iron, silica and lime effect form the slag, and magnesium vapour passes through interface 5 and gets into magnesium vapour condenser, can obtain magnesium melt after the condensation.
After obtaining the melt beautifying liquid, in order to clean the furnace body 1, the feeding flow pipe 3 and the like for realizing the next smelting, the method further comprises the following steps:
6) after the ferrosilicon and the magnesium oxide react, the magnesium steam condenser is closed, the slag discharging port 4 is opened, and because the slag generated by the reaction of the silicon dioxide and the lime is heated and melted to have fluidity under the action of electromagnetic induction, the slag and the molten iron can be discharged through the slag discharging port 4. The slag and the molten iron discharged from the slag tap 4 can be separated by the prior art, and the molten iron is used for the production of the next furnace.
7) Inert gas is filled into the furnace body 1 through the interface 5 by using an inert gas tank, so that the air pressure in the furnace body 1 is improved, and the slag and the molten iron are discharged more thoroughly; after the slag discharge is finished, the residual magnesium steam in the furnace body 1 is discharged from the slag discharge port 4 and combusted.
8) After the slag is discharged and the magnesium steam is not combusted, stemming is used for blocking the slag discharge port 4 and purging the feeding flow pipe 3, and further removing the magnesium steam in the furnace body 1 to prevent explosion.
9) The furnace cover 2 is opened and the interior of the furnace body 1 is cleaned of residual slag.
The magnesium metallurgical furnace provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in construction and the like, and can be used for efficiently smelting magnesium. The magnesium smelting method provided by the invention directly utilizes the high-temperature liquid ferrosilicon smelted by the submerged arc furnace as the raw material to reduce magnesium oxide, fully utilizes the physical heat of the liquid ferrosilicon, greatly reduces the energy consumption, and has the advantages of full reaction, low consumption, high production efficiency, low labor intensity and the like.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a metallurgical stove of magnesium, including furnace body (1), reinforced flow tube (3) and separable bell (2), bell (2) are located above furnace body (1), its characterized in that: the bottom end of the feeding flow pipe (3) is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body (1), a slag discharging port (4) is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the furnace body (1), an interface (5) is formed in the side wall of the top of the furnace body (1), and a coil (6) is arranged on the outer side wall of the furnace body (1) in a surrounding mode; the bottom of reinforced flow tube (3) with the bottom of furnace body (1) is linked together, includes: reinforced flow tube (3) set up in the stove body (1) outside, reinforced flow tube (3) are "L" type, the vertical setting in upper portion, and the lower part level sets up, the lower part of reinforced flow tube (3) is passed the lateral wall of stove body (1) is located in the bottom of stove body (1), perhaps, reinforced flow tube (3) set up in stove body (1) is inboard, the whole vertical setting of reinforced flow tube (3), wear out on the upper portion of reinforced flow tube (3) bell (2), the lower part of reinforced flow tube (3) is located in the bottom of stove body (1).
2. The magnesium metallurgical furnace of claim 1, wherein: the communicating position of the charging flow pipe (3) and the furnace body (1) is higher than the arrangement position of the slag discharging port (4).
3. The magnesium metallurgical furnace of claim 1, wherein: the feeding flow pipe (3) is made of clay refractory material or high-alumina refractory material or magnesium refractory material; the inner side of the side wall of the furnace body (1) is made of carbon refractory material, and the outer side of the side wall of the furnace body is made of clay refractory material or high-alumina refractory material or magnesium refractory material; the furnace cover (2) is made of steel, and clay refractory material or high-alumina refractory material or magnesium refractory material is filled at the inner side.
4. A magnesium smelting method using the magnesium metallurgical furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) blocking the slag discharging port (4), and adding molten iron into the furnace body (1) to a position higher than the slag discharging port (4) and a communication position of the feeding flow pipe (3) and the furnace body (1);
2) adding lime and magnesium oxide into the furnace body (1), solidifying part or all of molten iron under the action of the lime and the magnesium oxide, then covering the furnace cover (2) and sealing a gap between the furnace cover (2) and the furnace body (1);
3) vacuumizing the interior of the furnace body (1) through the interface (5), and filling inert gas into the interior of the furnace body (1) through the interface (5) after air is pumped out until the air pressure in the interior of the furnace body (1) is balanced with the atmospheric pressure;
4) connecting the coil (6) with a power supply, and heating and melting the solidified molten iron under the action of electromagnetic induction;
5) passing through ferrosilicon melt or silicon calcium barium melt or monocrystalline silicon melt reinforced flow tube (3) are added inside furnace body (1) to let ferrosilicon or silicon calcium barium or monocrystalline silicon and magnesium oxide react under high temperature and inert gas environment and obtain magnesium vapour, magnesium vapour passes through interface (5) gets into magnesium vapour condenser, can obtain magnesium melt after the condensation.
5. The magnesium smelting method according to claim 4, further comprising the steps of:
6) after the ferrosilicon and the magnesium oxide react, the magnesium steam condenser is closed, the slag discharge port (4) is opened, and because under the action of electromagnetic induction, the slag generated by the reaction is heated and melted to have fluidity, the slag and the molten iron can be discharged from the slag discharge port (4).
6. The magnesium smelting method according to claim 5, further comprising the steps of:
7) inert gas is filled into the furnace body (1) through the interface (5), so that the gas pressure in the furnace body (1) is improved, and slag and molten iron are discharged more thoroughly; and after deslagging is finished, the residual magnesium steam in the furnace body (1) is discharged from the deslagging port (4) and combusted.
7. The magnesium smelting method according to claim 6, further comprising the steps of:
8) after the slag is discharged and the magnesium steam is not combusted, the slag discharge port (4) is blocked, the feeding flow pipe (3) is purged, and the magnesium steam in the furnace body (1) is further removed.
8. The magnesium smelting method according to claim 7, further comprising the steps of:
9) and opening the furnace cover (2) and cleaning residual slag in the furnace body (1).
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| CN201710892855.3A CN107699712B (en) | 2017-09-27 | 2017-09-27 | Magnesium metallurgical furnace and magnesium smelting method |
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| CN110219021B (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2024-05-24 | 陕西均健佳实业有限公司 | Magnesium electrolytic tank and magnesium electrolysis process |
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Effective date of registration: 20220720 Address after: 839000 erdaohu Industrial Park, 13th division, Hami City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Patentee after: Hami shengmei Magnesium Industry Co.,Ltd. Address before: 572000 No. 17, Xianghe Road, Jiyang District, Sanya City, Hainan Province (collective household) Patentee before: Li Meihui |