CN104561601A - Magnesium smelting device in vacuum high-temperature liquid state, and magnesium smelting method - Google Patents
Magnesium smelting device in vacuum high-temperature liquid state, and magnesium smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104561601A CN104561601A CN201510000617.8A CN201510000617A CN104561601A CN 104561601 A CN104561601 A CN 104561601A CN 201510000617 A CN201510000617 A CN 201510000617A CN 104561601 A CN104561601 A CN 104561601A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magnesium smelting device in a vacuum high-temperature liquid state, and a magnesium smelting method. The magnesium smelting device is low in energy consumption and high in efficiency. The magnesium smelting device adopts the particular technical scheme that the magnesium smelting device comprises a vacuum induction furnace, a power supply device, a vacuum device and a magnesium steam collection system, wherein a reaction vessel is arranged in the vacuum induction furnace; the power supply device performs heating by utilizing an inductive electrocaloric effect; the reaction vessel is connected with a vacuum feeding device; a drainage cover is arranged in the vacuum induction furnace, located above the reaction vessel, and connected with a dust collection device and a condenser outside the vacuum induction furnace; and the condenser is connected with a vacuum air extractor. The magnesium smelting device adopts a continuous smelting manner based on a liquid phase, so that the smelting cycle can be greatly shortened, the production efficiency is improved, and the problems of high energy consumption and high pollution in the prior art are avoided; and generated slag is completely separated from a magnesium smelting raw material and can be recycled as a secondary resource, so that sustainable development of the industry is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnesium smelting device and method.
Background technology
At present, the large-scale production of the former magnesium of China all adopts Pidgeon process technique, and material carries out solid state reaction after mixed pelletizing.Pidgeon process adopts raw coal to heat mostly, and integrated artistic energy consumption is high, material consumption is high, it is high to pollute, the production cycle is long, efficiency is low, and the slag finally obtained and ferrosilicon clout condense into block, and recycling difficulty is large.
The Improvement work of smelting magnesium technique is mainly around Pidgeon process in recent years, concentrates on and expands single tank output and energy-saving and emission-reduction aspect, and have developed perpendicular tank Pidgeon process.More traditional Pidgeon process technique, the labour intensity of perpendicular tank Pidgeon process decreases, mechanize, level of automation increase, smelting cycle reduces, but the reaction essence between the raw material of perpendicular tank Pidgeon process does not change, and unresolved Pidgeon process energy consumption is high, pollute the root problem large, cost is high, the output of single device is still lower, the unrealized scale operation of this method.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the magnesium smelting device and method that a kind of energy consumption is low, efficiency is high.
For solving the problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: the magnesium smelting device under a kind of vacuum high-temperature liquid state, it comprises vacuum induction furnace, supply unit, vacuum suction device and magnesium steam collecting system, and wherein magnesium steam collecting system comprises cleaning apparatus and condenser; Reaction vessel is provided with in vacuum induction furnace, supply unit utilizes Induction Heating effect to heat, reaction vessel is connected with vacuum feeding device, also drainage hood is provided with in vacuum induction furnace, drainage hood is positioned at the top of reaction vessel, drainage hood is connected with the cleaning apparatus outside vacuum induction furnace and condenser, and condenser is connected with vacuum suction device.
Preferably: described drainage hood leads to inside and is provided with electric heater and thermal insulation layer, the lower end of described drainage hood is provided with rare gas element drainage endless tube.
Drainage hood inner wall temperature can be made to maintain suitable temperature, the MAGNESIUM METAL steam of reaction generation is played to the effect of insulation, drainage.
Preferably: described drainage hood is connected with condenser through cleaning apparatus by pipeline.Dust in described cleaning apparatus removal magnesium steam and impurity.
Preferably: in described vacuum induction furnace, be provided with turning axle, described drainage hood can rotate around described rotation axis horizontal, and raw material is delivered to reaction vessel by telescopic material receiving tube by described vacuum feeding device; Described vacuum induction furnace is provided with rotating mechanism, and described rotating mechanism controls the rotation of reaction vessel, and described vacuum induction furnace inner bottom part is provided with slag ladle.
Preferably: described vacuum feeding device is the two vacuum valve system in two room, comprises the barrel of with closure and the material feeder of barrel bottom, material feeder lower pipeline arranges vacuum shut off valve.Material enters material receiving tube by material feeder, finally enters in reaction vessel.Material feeder can use screw feeder, rotary plow feeder, vibratory feeder etc., with the object realizing vacuum charging, vacuum is reloaded.
Preferably: described vacuum induction furnace comprises the bell of its upper end, described bell is provided with the first viewing window for observing reaction vessel, and for observing the second viewing window of slag ladle.
Preferably: described first viewing window is prismatic refraction structure, the top observing device being fixed on bell is comprised and in the bottom observing device that drainage hood is connected and fixed.
Preferably: also comprise sampling gun, described drainage hood is provided with the thief hole passed through for sampling gun, and described sampling gun is successively through bell and thief hole, and the junction of described sampling gun and bell is provided with the second vacuum shut off valve.
Preferably: described thief hole top is provided with door, and described door is provided with the handle that can shake, can switch shelves lid by swinging handle.
The present invention also proposes a kind of magnesium refining method, and it comprises the following steps:
Step one, puts into strong reductant in the reaction vessel in vacuum induction furnace, heats strong reductant is fused into liquid state to it;
Step 2, adds in liquid strong reductant by containing magnesium raw material and solubility promoter;
Step 3, reduces the pressure in vacuum induction furnace, is reduced and generates simple substance magnesium, and overflow reaction vessel with magnesium steam form containing magnesium raw material;
Step 4, magnesium steam by drainage hood, under the draft effect of drainage gas and vacuum system, is sent to magnesium steam collecting system, by cleaning apparatus to condenser;
Step 4, cleaning apparatus carries out dedusting to magnesium steam, removing impurity;
Step 5, utilizes condenser magnesium steam treatment is become solid-state or regathers after liquid state.
Step 6, can add refining magnesium raw material by vacuum loading systems continuously in refining magnesium process in reaction vessel.Reaction vessel is controlled by the rotating mechanism of outside, and slag is wherein poured in the slag ladle bottom induction furnace by the reaction vessel that can vert.
Preferably: under described strong reductant comprises vacuum, high temperature, there is at least one in the ferrosilicon of strong restoring function, calcium carbide, metallic aluminium or carbide of calcium.
Preferably: described containing magnesium raw material comprise at least one in powdery or granular calcined dolomite, calcining magnesiumcarbonate containing magnesian mineral, or include the flux that slag fusing point is reduced.
Preferably: described solubility promoter is the mixture of fluorite and magnesium slag.
Preferably: utilize magnesium steam condenser, allow it adopt water mold to collect solid-state magnesium, or make heating and thermal insulation in magnesium steam condenser band, make the temperature of holding tank maintain the scope of 650 ~ 700 DEG C, make magnesium vapor condensation become liquid.
Compared to existing technology, beneficial effect of the present invention is: added by strong reductant in reaction vessel, power-on device, utilize the mode of Electromagnetic Heating that vacuum induction furnace is heated to 1200-1600 DEG C, reductive agent is made to be fused into liquid state, to add in liquid reducing agent containing magnesium raw material and solubility promoter by vacuum feeding device, starting vacuum suction device makes pressure drop in vacuum induction furnace to 1-5000Pa, oxide compound containing magnesium is generated simple substance magnesium by the reduction of ferrosilicon liquid, and overflows reaction vessel with the form of magnesium steam.
MAGNESIUM METAL steam enters the drainage hood above reaction vessel, under the draft effect of vacuum suction device, is sent to condenser by cleaning apparatus, preferably by magnesium steam through cleaning apparatus by the dust in gas and Impurity removal, and then enter magnesium steam condenser.Condenser can adopt water mold to collect solid-state magnesium, also can make magnesium steam heating and thermal insulation in condenser, makes the temperature of holding tank maintain the scope of 650-700 DEG C, makes magnesium vapor condensation become liquid.
Can add refining magnesium raw material by vacuum feeding device continuously in reaction vessel in refining magnesium process, reaction vessel is controlled by the control rotating shaft of outside, and slag is wherein poured in slag ladle by the reaction vessel that can vert.Opened the door of thief hole in refining magnesium process by swinging handle, sampling gun is stretched in reaction vessel and samples, after sampling, close upper barrier cover.Need when the life-span of reaction vessel expires to change, now open bell, drainage hood is rotated around rotation axis horizontal and departs from directly over reaction vessel, take the operations such as replacing.
This device adopts the melting continuously mode based on liquid phase, and not only smelting cycle can significantly shorten, and production efficiency significantly improves, and avoids highly energy-consuming, the high pollution problem of Pidgeon process.The slag produced is separated completely with refining magnesium raw material, can recycle, be beneficial to the Sustainable development of the industry as secondary resource.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall schematic of the present invention (depression angle);
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram (side-looking angle) of vacuum induction furnace of the present invention and supply unit;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram (test angle) of vacuum induction furnace of the present invention, condenser and vacuum suction device.
In figure, mark is described as follows:
1, sampling gun; 2, vacuum feeding device; 3, handle; 4, the first viewing window; 5, door; 6, the first vacuum shut off valve; 7, drainage hood; 8, material receiving tube; 9, rare gas element drainage endless tube; 10, ruhmkorff coil; 11, reaction vessel; 12, thermocouple thermometer; 13, slag ladle; 14, straight tube; 15, pressure warning unit; 16, cleaning apparatus; 17, condenser; 18, vacuum suction device; 19, supply unit; 20, vacuum induction furnace; 21, turning axle; 22, the second viewing window; 23, the second vacuum shut off valve; 24, top observing device; 25, bottom observing device; 26, rotating shaft is controlled.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of magnesium smelting device as Figure 1-3, comprise vacuum induction furnace 20 and supply unit 19, supply unit 19 and vacuum induction furnace 20 are electrically connected, be provided with reaction vessel 11 in vacuum induction furnace 20, reaction vessel 11 peripheral hardware has ruhmkorff coil 10, and reaction vessel 11 is connected with vacuum feeding device 2, drainage hood 7 is also provided with in vacuum induction furnace 20, drainage hood 7 is positioned at the top of reaction vessel 11, and drainage hood 7 is connected with the condenser 17 outside vacuum induction furnace 20, and condenser 17 is connected with vacuum suction device 18.
Drainage hood 7 is connected with condenser 17 by straight tube 14, and straight tube 14 is with heating and heat preserving function, and straight tube 14 inner wall temperature can maintain 800-1300 DEG C.Straight tube 14 is provided with turning axle 21, and drainage hood 7 can horizontally rotate around turning axle 21, and vacuum feeding device 2 is connected with reaction vessel 11 by telescopic material receiving tube 8.Need when the life-span of reaction vessel 11 expires to change, now open bell, being rotated by drainage hood 7 departs from directly over reaction vessel 11, conveniently takes the operations such as replacing, and telescopic material receiving tube 8 is avoided drainage hood 7 that material receiving tube 8 occurs when rotating and pullled situations such as coming off.
Cleaning apparatus 16 is provided with between straight tube 14 and condenser 17.Cleaning apparatus 16 adopts the dedusting of filtrate formula, and filtrate adopts silicon carbide, magnesium oxide etc., can be removed by the macrobead dust in gas when 900-1000 DEG C.
The lower end of drainage hood 7 is provided with rare gas element drainage endless tube 9, the preferred argon gas of rare gas element, be arranged on bottom drainage hood 7 inwall, pass into the rare gas elementes such as argon gas in reaction process and can play drainage to the magnesium steam generated, coordinate drainage hood 7 to make MAGNESIUM METAL steam enter condenser 17 smoothly.
Vacuum induction furnace 20 upper end is provided with bell, and bell is provided with the first viewing window 4 for observing reaction vessel 11, and for observing the second viewing window 22 of slag ladle 13.First viewing window 4 is prismatic refraction structure, comprise the top observing device 24 that is fixed on bell and in the bottom observing device 25 that drainage hood 7 is connected and fixed, do not connect between top observing device 24 and bottom observing device 25, leave minim gap, the situation in reaction vessel 11 can be observed by the first viewing window 4.
Reaction vessel 11 is provided with and controls rotating shaft 26, and control rotating shaft 26 and stretch out outside vacuum induction furnace 20, vacuum induction furnace 20 inner bottom part is provided with slag ladle 13.After sufficient reacting, can rotate and control rotating shaft 26 and vert in slag ladle 13 that slag wherein pours into bottom vacuum induction furnace 20 by reaction vessel 11, the top being arranged on slag ladle 13 that the second viewing window 22 that bell is arranged is just corresponding, the situation of deslagging can be observed, avoid slag to be poured on outside slag ladle 13.
Be provided with sampling gun 1 in vacuum induction furnace 20, drainage hood 7 is provided with the thief hole passed through for sampling gun 1, and sampling gun 1 is successively through bell and drainage hood 7, and described sampling gun 1 is provided with the second vacuum shut off valve 23 with the junction of bell.Sampling gun 1 can be sampled the material in reaction vessel 11 under vacuo by thief hole, and thief hole top is provided with door 5, can switch door 5 by swinging handle 3, realizes the opposing seal of drainage hood 7 during non-sampling.
Vacuum feeding device 2 is preferably made up of the barrel of with closure and the material feeder of barrel bottom, and material feeder lower pipeline is arranged the first vacuum shut off valve 6, material enters material receiving tube 8 by material feeder, finally realizes vacuum charging.Reaction vessel 11 sidewall arranges thermocouple thermometer 12, and straight tube 14 position is provided with pressure warning unit 15 and thermo detector, can the changing conditions of monitor temperature and pressure at any time.
Strong reductant is added in reaction vessel 11, ruhmkorff coil 10 is set outside reaction vessel 11, power-on device 19, utilize Electromagnetic Heating mode that vacuum induction furnace 20 is heated to 1200-1600 DEG C, now reductive agent is fused into liquid state, by vacuum feeding device 2, to add in liquid reducing agent containing magnesium raw material and solubility promoter, opening vacuum suction device 18 makes pressure drop in vacuum induction furnace 20 to 1-5000Pa, oxide compound containing magnesium is generated simple substance magnesium by the reduction of ferrosilicon liquid, and overflows reaction vessel 11 with the form of magnesium steam.
MAGNESIUM METAL steam enters the drainage hood 7 above reaction vessel 11, and under the draft effect of rare gas element drainage and vacuum suction device 18, is sent to the condenser 17 of magnesium steam.Magnesium steam by the dust in gas and Impurity removal, then enters condenser 17 through cleaning apparatus 16.Condenser 17 can adopt water mold to collect solid-state magnesium, also can make magnesium steam heating and thermal insulation in condenser 17, make the temperature of holding tank maintain the scope of 650-700 DEG C, make magnesium vapor condensation become liquid state to collect again.
Can add refining magnesium raw material by vacuum feeding device 2 continuously in reaction vessel 11 in refining magnesium process, slag remaining after reaction is poured in the slag ladle 13 bottom vacuum induction furnace 20.Opened the door 5 of the thief hole on gas skirt in refining magnesium process by swinging handle 3, sampling gun 1 is stretched in liquid state molten pool and samples, after sampling, close upper barrier cover 5.
Need when the life-span of reaction vessel 11 expires to change, now open bell, drainage hood 7 is rotated around turning axle 21 and departs from directly over reaction vessel 11, conveniently take the operations such as replacing.
Previously mentioned strong reductant, there is under referring to vacuum, high temperature the ferrosilicon, calcium carbide, metallic aluminium, carbide of calcium etc. of strong restoring function, powdery or granular calcined dolomite is referred to containing magnesium raw material, calcining magnesiumcarbonate etc. are containing magnesian mineral, also the flux that slag fusing point is reduced is included, solubility promoter can adopt fluorite etc. can reduce the material of melting point substance, and the adding proportion of solubility promoter is added according to the 3%-8% of magnesium slag.
Above-mentioned embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; can not limit the scope of protection of the invention with this, change and the replacement of any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art does on basis of the present invention all belong to the present invention's scope required for protection.
Claims (14)
1. the magnesium smelting device under vacuum high-temperature liquid state, it is characterized in that comprising vacuum induction furnace, supply unit, vacuum suction device and magnesium steam collecting system, wherein magnesium steam collecting system comprises cleaning apparatus and condenser; Reaction vessel is provided with in vacuum induction furnace, supply unit utilizes Induction Heating effect to heat, reaction vessel is connected with vacuum feeding device, also drainage hood is provided with in vacuum induction furnace, drainage hood is positioned at the top of reaction vessel, drainage hood is connected with the cleaning apparatus outside vacuum induction furnace and condenser, and condenser is connected with vacuum suction device.
2. the magnesium smelting device under vacuum high-temperature liquid state as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described drainage hood leads to inside and is provided with electric heater and thermal insulation layer, the lower end of described drainage hood is provided with rare gas element drainage endless tube.
3. the magnesium smelting device under vacuum high-temperature liquid state as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described drainage hood is connected with condenser through cleaning apparatus by pipeline.
4. the magnesium smelting device under vacuum high-temperature liquid state as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described vacuum induction furnace, be provided with turning axle, described drainage hood can rotate around described rotation axis horizontal, and raw material is delivered to reaction vessel by telescopic material receiving tube by described vacuum feeding device; Described vacuum induction furnace is provided with rotating mechanism, and described rotating mechanism controls the rotation of reaction vessel, and described vacuum induction furnace inner bottom part is provided with slag ladle.
5. the magnesium smelting device according to claim 1 under vacuum high-temperature liquid state, it is characterized in that: described vacuum feeding device is the two vacuum valve system in two room, comprise the barrel of with closure and the material feeder of barrel bottom, material feeder lower pipeline arranges vacuum shut off valve.
6. the magnesium smelting device under vacuum high-temperature liquid state as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vacuum induction furnace comprises the bell of its upper end, described bell is provided with the first viewing window for observing reaction vessel, and for observing the second viewing window of slag ladle.
7. the magnesium smelting device under vacuum high-temperature liquid state as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: described first viewing window is prismatic refraction structure, comprises the top observing device that is fixed on bell and in the bottom observing device that drainage hood is connected and fixed.
8. the magnesium smelting device under vacuum high-temperature liquid state as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: also comprise sampling gun, described drainage hood is provided with the thief hole passed through for sampling gun, described sampling gun is successively through bell and thief hole, and the junction of described sampling gun and bell is provided with the second vacuum shut off valve.
9. the magnesium smelting device under vacuum high-temperature liquid state as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: described thief hole top is provided with door, and described door is provided with the handle that can shake, can switch shelves lid by swinging handle.
10. a magnesium refining method, it comprises the following steps:
Step one, puts into strong reductant in the reaction vessel in vacuum induction furnace, heats strong reductant is fused into liquid state to it;
Step 2, adds in liquid strong reductant by containing magnesium raw material and solubility promoter;
Step 3, reduces the pressure in vacuum induction furnace, is reduced and generates simple substance magnesium, and overflow reaction vessel with magnesium steam form containing magnesium raw material;
Step 4, magnesium steam by drainage hood, under the draft effect of drainage gas and vacuum system, is sent to magnesium steam collecting system, by cleaning apparatus to condenser;
Step 4, cleaning apparatus carries out dedusting to magnesium steam, removing impurity;
Step 5, utilizes condenser magnesium steam treatment is become solid-state or regathers after liquid state.
Step 6, can add refining magnesium raw material by vacuum loading systems continuously in refining magnesium process in reaction vessel.Reaction vessel is controlled by the rotating mechanism of outside, and slag is wherein poured in the slag ladle bottom induction furnace by the reaction vessel that can vert.
11. magnesium refining methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that: under described strong reductant comprises vacuum, high temperature, have at least one in the ferrosilicon of strong restoring function, calcium carbide, metallic aluminium or carbide of calcium.
12. magnesium refining methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described containing magnesium raw material comprise at least one in powdery or granular calcined dolomite, calcining magnesiumcarbonate containing magnesian mineral, or include the flux that slag fusing point is reduced.
13. magnesium refining methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described solubility promoter is the mixture of fluorite and magnesium slag.
14. magnesium refining methods according to claim 10, it is characterized in that: utilize magnesium steam condenser, allow it adopt water mold to collect solid-state magnesium, or make heating and thermal insulation in magnesium steam condenser band, make the temperature of holding tank maintain the scope of 650-700 DEG C, make magnesium vapor condensation become liquid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510000617.8A CN104561601A (en) | 2015-01-01 | 2015-01-01 | Magnesium smelting device in vacuum high-temperature liquid state, and magnesium smelting method |
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| CN201510000617.8A CN104561601A (en) | 2015-01-01 | 2015-01-01 | Magnesium smelting device in vacuum high-temperature liquid state, and magnesium smelting method |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN107091569A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-08-25 | 石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司 | Rotary kiln and the polygenerations systeme that metal hydride is produced using the rotary kiln |
| CN107699712A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-16 | 李运雄 | A kind of metallurgy of megnesium stove and Smelting magnesium method |
| CN110512094A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-29 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | It is a kind of cleaning, continuous reducing metal magnesium technique |
| WO2024045562A1 (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2024-03-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Apparatus and method for magnesium production by means of vacuum carbothermic reduction of calcined dolomite |
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Inventor after: Liang Wenyu Inventor after: Huang Yimin Inventor after: Guo Hua Inventor after: Wang Yujiao Inventor after: Zhu Lijiang Inventor after: Li Jie Inventor before: Liang Wenyu |
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Application publication date: 20150429 |