CN107674278A - 一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107674278A
CN107674278A CN201610618981.5A CN201610618981A CN107674278A CN 107674278 A CN107674278 A CN 107674278A CN 201610618981 A CN201610618981 A CN 201610618981A CN 107674278 A CN107674278 A CN 107674278A
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李之岩
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备方法,为了进一步的提高复合降解塑料的完全生物降解性能,在充分利用光、热氧化降解的同时引入生物活性物质增强塑料的自身的降解性能,通过不同的途经的协同作用加快塑料的降解效率。其原料组分及重量份数分别为:光热‑生物降解母粒:2‑3份,聚乙烯颗粒:97‑98份,尿素:0.5份。该塑料薄膜既可以在有光照的条件下发生降解,又可以在没有光照的时候,利用堆积累计的热量发生热降解,而且其降解残余物可以被自然界中的物生物分解。

Description

一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备方法
【技术领域】
本发明属于塑料薄膜材料领域,尤其是一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备方法。
【背景技术】
由于通用塑料聚乙烯(PE)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)等在环境中的稳定性强,大量塑料的使用,尤其是一次性塑料制品的使用,使环境中的塑料废弃物以惊人的速度积累,给人类的生活环境和生态平衡造成了严重的危害。开发新型可降解塑料成为当前的研究热点。我国已经充分认识到降解塑料及其产业对可持续发展的战略作用。
权衡当前广泛研发的降解塑料发现:单一因素降解塑料如生物降解,光降解塑料等,不能满足完全降解塑料的要求。纯生物质完全降解塑料由于技术含量高,生产成本高等原因导致价格偏高,往往使人望而却步。另外生物降解本身的性能存在很多缺陷,如机械强度差,耐热、耐水性弱等,从而限制了其大规模的市场发展。光降解塑料的降解依赖于环境中太阳光的存在,一旦失去光照的机会,其即停止降解。如果能在光降解塑料的基础上,再引入其他降解因素如微生物降解、热氧化降解等,使光降解塑料的残余物在得不到光照的条件下,可以继续热降解,微生物降解等直到完全降解,势必将成为理想的可降解塑料。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处,提供一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备方法,为了进一步的提高复合降解塑料的完全生物降解性能,在充分利用光、热氧化降解的同时引入生物活性物质增强塑料的自身的降解性能,通过不同的途经的协同作用加快塑料的降解效率。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备,其原料组分及重量份数分别为:
光热-生物降解母粒:2-3份,聚乙烯颗粒:97-98份,尿素:0.5份。
如上所述的光热-生物降解母粒,其原料组分及重量份数分别为:二氧化钛、硬脂酸铁、高岭土、聚乙烯微粉和氧化聚乙烯蜡按照质量比1:X:1:1:4均匀混合,其中X为0.1、0.5或者1均可以。
上述新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备方法步骤为:
⑴光热-生物降解母粒的制备:将二氧化钛、硬脂酸铁、高岭土、聚乙烯微粉和氧化聚乙烯蜡按照质量比1:X:1:1:4均匀混合,其中X为0.1、0.5或者1均可以。混合完后的混料进过双螺旋杆挤出机挤出造粒,转速在20±5rpm,加工温度:155℃-165℃,获得了光热-生物降解母粒。
(2)按照比例称取光热-生物降解母粒、聚乙烯颗粒和尿素,混合并由单螺杆熔融吹膜成型,吹膜温度:190℃-200℃,即得产品,塑料薄膜厚度20-26微米。
而且,所述尿素是耐水性改性助剂。
而且,所述的二氧化钛为纳米级的,是光催化剂。
而且,所述的硬脂酸铁是热氧化降解促进剂。
而且,所述的高岭土是生物活性剂。
本发明的优点和积极效果是:
以纳米二氧化钛为光催化剂,硬脂酸铁为热氧化促进剂,高岭土为生物活性剂,制备出一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜,进一步提高光降解和热降解的降解率。该塑料薄膜既可以在有光照的条件下发生降解,又可以在没有光照的时候,利用堆积累计的热量发生热降解,而且其降解残余物可以被自然界中的物生物分解。
【具体实施方式】
下面详细叙述本发明的实施例;需要说明的是,本实施例是叙述性的,不是限定性的,不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。
实施例1:
一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备:
⑴光热-生物降解母粒的制备:将二氧化钛、硬脂酸铁、高岭土、聚乙烯微粉和氧化聚乙烯蜡按照质量比1:0.1:1:1:4称取二氧化钛1kg、硬脂酸铁0.1 kg、高岭土1kg、聚乙烯微粉1kg和氧化聚乙烯蜡4kg均匀混合,混合完后的混料进过双螺旋杆挤出机挤出造粒,转速在22rpm,加工温度:155℃,获得了光热-生物降解母粒。
(2)按照比例称取光热-生物降解母粒7.1kg、聚乙烯颗粒229.6kg和尿素1.2kg,混合并由单螺杆熔融吹膜成型,吹膜温度:190℃,即得产品,塑料薄膜厚度22.6微米。
实施例2:
一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备:
⑴光热-生物降解母粒的制备:将二氧化钛、硬脂酸铁、高岭土、聚乙烯微粉和氧化聚乙烯蜡按照质量比1:0.5:1:1:4称取二氧化钛1kg、硬脂酸铁0.5kg、高岭土1kg、聚乙烯微粉1kg和氧化聚乙烯蜡4kg均匀混合,混合完后的混料进过双螺旋杆挤出机挤出造粒,转速在25rpm,加工温度:160℃,获得了光热-生物降解母粒。
(2)按照比例称取光热-生物降解母粒7.5kg、聚乙烯颗粒242.5kg和尿素1.25kg,混合并由单螺杆熔融吹膜成型,吹膜温度:195℃,即得产品,塑料薄膜厚度23微米。
实施例3:
一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备:
⑴光热-生物降解母粒的制备:将二氧化钛、硬脂酸铁、高岭土、聚乙烯微粉和氧化聚乙烯蜡按照质量比1:1:1:1:4称取二氧化钛1kg、硬脂酸铁1kg、高岭土1kg、聚乙烯微粉1kg和氧化聚乙烯蜡4kg均匀混合,混合完后的混料进过双螺旋杆挤出机挤出造粒,转速在25rpm,加工温度:165℃,获得了光热-生物降解母粒。
(2)按照比例称取光热-生物降解母粒8kg、聚乙烯颗粒256.7kg和尿素1.3kg,混合并由单螺杆熔融吹膜成型,吹膜温度:200℃,即得产品,塑料薄膜厚度25微米。

Claims (1)

1.一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备,其原料组分及重量份数分别为:光热-生物降解母粒:2-3份,聚乙烯颗粒:97-98份,尿素:0.5份;如上所述的光热-生物降解母粒,其原料组分及重量份数分别为:二氧化钛、硬脂酸铁、高岭土、聚乙烯微粉和氧化聚乙烯蜡按照质量比1:X:1:1:4均匀混合,其中X为0.1、0.5或者1均可以;
上述新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备方法步骤为:
⑴光热-生物降解母粒的制备:将二氧化钛、硬脂酸铁、高岭土、聚乙烯微粉和氧化聚乙烯蜡按照质量比1:X:1:1:4均匀混合,其中X为0.1、0.5或者1均可以;
混合完后的混料进过双螺旋杆挤出机挤出造粒,转速在20 ±5rpm,加工温度:155℃-165℃,获得了光热-生物降解母粒;
(2)按照比例称取光热-生物降解母粒、聚乙烯颗粒和尿素,混合并由单螺杆熔融吹膜成型,吹膜温度:190℃-200℃,即得产品,塑料薄膜厚度20-26微米。
CN201610618981.5A 2016-08-02 2016-08-02 一种新型复合全降解塑料薄膜的制备方法 Withdrawn CN107674278A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109577100A (zh) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-05 广州泽田餐饮用品实业有限公司 一种可光氧降解的聚乙烯淋膜纸及其制备方法与应用
CN112280107A (zh) * 2020-11-05 2021-01-29 上海奥巴迪降解塑料有限公司 一种露天陆地环境中生物降解聚烯烃塑料复合添加剂及其制备方法和应用

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104231385A (zh) * 2014-08-28 2014-12-24 天津市利顺塑料制品有限公司 一种可多重降解的塑料薄膜及其制备方法

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104231385A (zh) * 2014-08-28 2014-12-24 天津市利顺塑料制品有限公司 一种可多重降解的塑料薄膜及其制备方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109577100A (zh) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-05 广州泽田餐饮用品实业有限公司 一种可光氧降解的聚乙烯淋膜纸及其制备方法与应用
CN109577100B (zh) * 2018-12-18 2021-08-24 广州泽田餐饮用品实业有限公司 一种可光氧降解的聚乙烯淋膜纸及其制备方法与应用
CN112280107A (zh) * 2020-11-05 2021-01-29 上海奥巴迪降解塑料有限公司 一种露天陆地环境中生物降解聚烯烃塑料复合添加剂及其制备方法和应用

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Application publication date: 20180209