CN107673849A - A kind of novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107673849A CN107673849A CN201711019671.2A CN201711019671A CN107673849A CN 107673849 A CN107673849 A CN 107673849A CN 201711019671 A CN201711019671 A CN 201711019671A CN 107673849 A CN107673849 A CN 107673849A
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- slow release
- marine
- fertilizer
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- release fertilizer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation of novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer, the coated fertilizer of the slow release fertilizer is caused marine alga ground-slag in algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative and algin production process.Wherein algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is the C12 C18 fat acyl derivatives that polysaccharide is extracted in marine brown, red algae and green alga.The slow release fertilizer is using fertilizer as core, wraps up one layer of algal polysaccharides fatty acyl derivative film, film outer wrapping marine alga ground-slag outside core first.The slow release fertilizer that the present invention obtains determines nutrient release rate by water seaoning, has good sustained release performance, it is possible to increase plant recovery of nutrient, the coated slow release fertilizer are mainly used in industrial crops, fruit trees and vegetables, cereal crops etc..Coated fertilizer used in the present invention derives from marine polysaccharide, is easy to degrade, environmentally safe, and algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is provided simultaneously with hydrophily and hydrophobicity, and the effect slowly discharged can be played to fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Marine Chemistry field of engineering technology, and in particular to a kind of novel alga polysaccharide derivates coating type delays
Release fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Chemical fertilizer occupies an important position in agricultural production.Estimated according to FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO), developing country
In the volume increase of grain, effects of the wherein 40-60% from chemical fertilizer.But due to volatilizing, being lost in, the factor such as permeating, at present at me
In this season utilization rate of state's chemical fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer is about 30-35%, and phosphate fertilizer is about 10-25%, and potash fertilizer is about 35-50%, well below
Developed country is horizontal.Low utilization rate of fertilizer not only causes huge economic loss, and also results in serious environmental pollution,
Such as the eutrophication of water body, influence of the Total Nitrogen effusion to atmosphere particularly ozone layer etc., and then to the health of human body
Threaten.Therefore, the utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, mitigates the pollution to environment, develops sustainable high-efficiency agriculture and has become respectively
Kuomintang-Communist is the same as the problem of paying close attention to.For the problem, the chemical fertilizer-slow release fertilizer with slow releasing function arises at the historic moment, and research shows,
Using slow-release carbamide, the utilization rate of nitrogen can be made to bring up to 60-80%, in the case where reaching identical crop yield, can dropped
Low dose 10-50%.
The material applied to fertilizer slow release is mainly organic matter such as aldehydes, rosin, paraffin, resin, olefin polymer at present
And inorganic mineral carrier etc..Although the application of these materials can improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, long-term use can be to soil
Earth, crop etc. cause adverse effect.Find cheap, Nantural non-toxic, degradable fertilizer slow release material is that slow release fertilizer is ground
An important research direction in studying carefully.Algal polysaccharides due to abundance, Nantural non-toxic, water-holding slow-release, degeneration-resistant disease-resistant characteristic,
Researched and developed as the new material of fertilizer slow release, the research and development for slow release fertilizer has positive promotion
Effect.But slow release fertilizer is prepared using algal polysaccharides merely, because its film-strength is low, slow release effect is poor, initial stage, release rate was high
Deng can not be used as preferable slow-release material.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer and its preparation.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer, slow release fertilizer are that core and coating form, and core is fertilizer,
Coating is algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative and marine alga slag；Wherein, slow release fertilizer by weight percentage, 70-95% cores, 0.5-
5% algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative and 4.5%-25% marine alga slags.
The algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is that marine brown polysaccharide, marine red alga polysaccharide or marine green algae polysaccharide pass through
The fatty acyl derivative for the C12-C18 that esterification or acylation reaction obtain, wherein, marine brown polysaccharide, marine red alga polysaccharide
Or the molecular weight of the algal polysaccharides such as marine green algae polysaccharide is 1KD-3000KD.
Described algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is marine brown such as sea-tangle, undaria pinnitafida, bulk kelp etc., marine red alga such as Qi
Unicorn dish, asparagus, agar etc., the fatty acyl (C12-C18) that algal polysaccharides are extracted in marine green algae such as Enteromorpha, sea lettuce are derivative
Thing.
Further, algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is particular by algal polysaccharides and saturated fatty acid or saturation
Fat acyl chloride is obtained by esterification either acylation reaction.Such as algal polysaccharide C12 saturated fat acid derivatives are by brown
Either C12H25COCl is obtained by esterification or acylation reaction by polysaccharides and C12H25COOH, the derivative in other embodiments
Using similar preparation method.
For the marine alga ground-slag to produce caused waste residue during algin, grinds, particle diameter is more than 60 mesh.
A kind of preparation method of novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer, according to aforementioned proportion, core material is soaked
Bubble then uniformly wraps marine alga slag, drying again in algal polysaccharides fatty acyl derivative solution.
The algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is to obtain marine alga by being extracted in marine brown, marine red alga or marine green algae
The C12-C18 of polysaccharide fatty acyl derivative, wherein, the molecular weight of algal polysaccharides is 1KD-3000KD.
The algal polysaccharides fatty acyl derivative solution is that algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is dissolved in into the mixed of second alcohol and water
Close in solution；Wherein, the mixed solution of second alcohol and water is 1 according to volume ratio：10-20:1 ratio mixing.
The marine alga ground-slag is to produce caused waste residue during algin, grinds.
A kind of application of novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer, the slow release fertilizer are applied to economic make
Fertilizer application is used as in thing, fruit trees and vegetables, cereal crops, forest, flowers or medicinal material.
The present invention has advantages below：
Algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is used for coated slow release fertilizer by the present invention, and algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is two
Parent's property derivative, it both can guarantee that hydrophilic radical fully contacted with the moisture in soil, while hydrophobic grouping and can slows down moisture leaching
Moisten the speed of fertilizer core, there is good film forming and biological degradability, the slow release effect of fertilizer can be strengthened, and after degraded
Product can promote plant growth, improve via plant immunity, the marine alga ground-slag of outer layer covers can improve soil environment, strengthen
Water conservation, fertilizer-preserving ability, it can not only play the original advantage of algal polysaccharides, and the introducing of fatty acyl can increase film-strength
With release rate at the initial stage of reduction, delay the dissolution velocity of fertilizer, extend the acquisition time of fertilizer, strengthen slow release effect.Meanwhile by marine alga
Caused waste residue grinds carry out outer layer coating in glue production process, are on the one hand advantageous to further delay the dissolving of fertilizer, together
When can also improve the gas permeability of soil, and the cyclic utilization of waste, environmental protection can also be realized.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further explained with reference to embodiment.Wherein, core fertilizer in following embodiments
For common urea chemical fertilizer.
Algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is particular by algal polysaccharides and saturated fatty acid or full in following embodiments
Obtained with fat acyl chloride by esterification either acylation reaction.Such as algal polysaccharide C12 saturated fat acid derivatives be by
Algal polysaccharide and C12H25COOH or C12H25COCl is obtained by esterification or acylation reaction, the derivative in other embodiments
Using similar preparation method.
Embodiment 1
It is that 10KDa algal polysaccharide C12 saturated fat acid derivatives are dissolved in 1 by 1.0g molecular weight：5 (v/v (ml)) ethanol and
In the 50ml mixed solutions of water, the solution that mass fraction is 2% is obtained, the 30 granulated fertilizer material cores immersion for selecting uniform particle sizes is above-mentioned molten
Take out in liquid, after immersion and uniformly wrap up in by caused marine alga ground-slag in algin production process (particle diameter is 60 mesh) immediately, be put into 60
Dried in DEG C baking oven, as finished product algal polysaccharide C12 fat acyl derivative film-coated and slow release fertilizer, be named as slow release fertilizer 1.
Embodiment 2
It is that 300KDa algal polysaccharide C14 saturated fat acid derivatives are dissolved in 1 by 1.0g molecular weight：5 (v/v (ml)) ethanol and
In the 50ml mixed solutions of water, the solution that mass fraction is 2% is obtained, the 30 granulated fertilizer material cores immersion for selecting uniform particle sizes is above-mentioned molten
Take out in liquid, after immersion and uniformly wrap up in by caused marine alga ground-slag in algin production process immediately, be put into 60 DEG C of baking ovens and dry,
As finished product algal polysaccharide C12 fat acyl derivative film-coated and slow release fertilizer, is named as slow release fertilizer 2.
Embodiment 3
It is that 10KDa centipede polysaccharides C16 saturated fat acid derivatives are dissolved in 1 by 0.5g molecular weight：4 (v/v (ml)) ethanol
In the 50ml mixed solutions of water, the solution that mass fraction is 1% is obtained, the 30 granulated fertilizer material cores immersion for selecting uniform particle sizes is above-mentioned
Taken out immediately in solution, after immersion and uniformly wrap caused marine alga ground-slag in carragheen production process, be put into 60 DEG C of baking ovens and dry
Do, as finished product centipede polysaccharides C16 fat acyl derivative film-coated and slow release fertilizer, be named as slow release fertilizer 3.
Embodiment 4
It is that 20KDa U. pertusa polysaccharide C18 saturated fat acid derivatives are dissolved in 1 by 0.75g molecular weight：6 second alcohol and water 50ml
Mixed solution in, obtain the solution that mass fraction is 1.5%, the 30 granulated fertilizer material cores for selecting uniform particle sizes immerse above-mentioned solution
In, taken out immediately after immersion and uniformly wrap caused marine alga ground-slag in carragheen production process, be put into 60 DEG C of baking ovens and dry, i.e.,
For finished product U. pertusa polysaccharide C18 fat acyl derivative film-coated and slow release fertilizers, slow release fertilizer 4 is named as.
To the slow release effect of algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative coated slow release fertilizer obtained above, it is measured, determines
Step is as follows：
According to coated slow release fertilizer standard GB/T/T23348-2009 methods, measure slow release fertilizer exists by taking nutrients of nitrogen as an example
The release rate of (25 DEG C) in water, and contrasted with the slow release fertilizer on the market of purchase, it is as a result as shown in the table：
The slow release fertilizer of table 1 (25 DEG C) nutrients of nitrogen release rate in water
From above-mentioned, using it there is the characteristics of amphipathic to ensure parent using algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative in fertilizer
Water base group fully contacts with the moisture in soil, while hydrophobic grouping and can slows down the speed of moisture infiltration fertilizer core, has good
Good film forming and biological degradability, the slow release effect of fertilizer can be strengthened, and because the marine alga ground-slag of outer layer covers contains
Alginic acid and cellulose, it is the natural conditioner of soil, the formation of soil granular structure can be promoted, improves soil internal voids, association
Adjust soil in solid, liquid, gas proportions, recover due to soil over-burden and chemical contamination and lose lac balance,
Increase geobiont vigor, promote the release of available nutrient, be advantageous to root growth, improve the resistance of crop.
Application examples
This tests the culture experiment for carrying out corn and grape respectively on land reclamation and cultivation Huangyang Sands, Ningxia farm in 2015, altogether design
Three processing：Processing 1, not treatment group to fertilize；Processing 2, Common compound fertilizer treatment group；Processing 3, slow release fertilizer 2 in embodiment 2
Treatment group.Apply in a conventional manner, each handle 3 repetitions.Maturity period samples, meter production.
Table 2 applies influence of the chemical fertilizer to corn yield
| Numbering | Yield per plant (Kg) | Mass of 1000 kernel (Kg) | Yield (kg/ mus) |
| Control | 0.389 | 0.344 | 898.7 |
| Common chemical fertilizer | 0.419 | 0.351 | 938.6 |
| Slow release fertilizer 2 | 0.477 | 0.381 | 1103.5 |
Table 3 applies influence of the chemical fertilizer to vintage
| Numbering | Yield per plant (Kg) | Spike number | Yield (kg/ mus) |
| Control | 2.0078 | 9.3 | 1132.1 |
| Common chemical fertilizer | 2.2669 | 10.7 | 1231.1 |
| Slow release fertilizer 2 | 4.3186 | 16.9 | 1472.3 |
Above result of the test shows that slow release fertilizer has obvious facilitation to the yield for improving corn and grape, to Portugal
The effect of grape is especially apparent.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer, it is characterised in that：Slow release fertilizer is that core and coating form, Core is fertilizer, and coating is algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative and marine alga slag；Wherein, slow release fertilizer by weight percentage, 70- 95% core, 0.5-5% algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivatives and 4.5%-25% marine alga slags.
- 2. the novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The marine alga is more Glycolipid fat acyl derivative is that marine brown polysaccharide, marine red alga polysaccharide or marine green algae polysaccharide pass through esterification or acylation reaction The C12-C18 of acquisition fatty acyl derivative, wherein, the sea such as marine brown polysaccharide, marine red alga polysaccharide or marine green algae polysaccharide The molecular weight of polysaccharides is 1KD-3000KD.
- 3. the novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The marine alga slag For powder to produce caused waste residue during algin, grinds, particle diameter is more than 60 mesh.
- 4. a kind of preparation method of the novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer described in claim 1, its feature exist In：According to aforementioned proportion, core material is immersed in algal polysaccharides fatty acyl derivative solution, then uniformly wraps marine alga slag again, Drying.
- 5. the preparation method of the novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer as described in claim 4, it is characterised in that： The algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is to obtain algal polysaccharides by being extracted in marine brown, marine red alga or marine green algae C12-C18 fatty acyl derivative, wherein, the molecular weight of algal polysaccharides is 1KD-3000KD.
- 6. the preparation method of the novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer as described in claim 4 or 5, its feature exist In：The algal polysaccharides fatty acyl derivative solution is the mixed solution that algal polysaccharides fat acyl derivative is dissolved in second alcohol and water In；Wherein, the mixed solution of second alcohol and water is 1 according to volume ratio：10-20:1 ratio mixing.
- 7. the preparation method of the novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that： The marine alga ground-slag is to produce caused waste residue during algin, grinds.
- A kind of 8. application of the novel alga polysaccharide derivates enveloped slow release fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute Slow release fertilizer is stated to be applied to be used as fertilizer application in industrial crops, fruit trees and vegetables, cereal crops, forest, flowers or medicinal material.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN108409482A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-17 | 合肥慧谷农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Fertilizer Special for Bamboos material and preparation method thereof for preventing locust evil |
| CN109429993A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-08 | 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 | A kind of cultivation matrix of the algae-residue containing asparagus and preparation method thereof |
| CN112930330A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2021-06-08 | 沙特基础工业全球技术公司 | Seaweed extract coated fertilizer for better crop and soil health |
| CN113072277A (en) * | 2021-03-28 | 2021-07-06 | 中工建设集团(福建)有限公司 | Method for removing polluted bottom sediment degradation organic matters based on calcium peroxide technology |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108409482A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-17 | 合肥慧谷农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Fertilizer Special for Bamboos material and preparation method thereof for preventing locust evil |
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| US20210323885A1 (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2021-10-21 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Seaweed extract coated fertilizer for better crops and soil health |
| CN109429993A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-08 | 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 | A kind of cultivation matrix of the algae-residue containing asparagus and preparation method thereof |
| CN113072277A (en) * | 2021-03-28 | 2021-07-06 | 中工建设集团(福建)有限公司 | Method for removing polluted bottom sediment degradation organic matters based on calcium peroxide technology |
| CN113072277B (en) * | 2021-03-28 | 2023-09-19 | 中工建设集团(福建)有限公司 | Method for removing pollutant sediment degradation organic matters based on calcium peroxide technology |
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Application publication date: 20180209 |